A heat-insulating fire extinguishing device, a battery assembly and an electric appliance

Abstract

This utility model discloses a heat-insulating fire extinguishing device, including: a heat-insulating pad, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a fire extinguishing disc. The temperature sensor, pressure sensor, and fire extinguishing disc are disposed within the heat-insulating pad, which effectively improves the integration of the device. During installation, the heat-insulating pad is placed between two adjacent battery cells, thus significantly improving installation convenience. During use, if the temperature monitored by the temperature sensor exceeds a preset temperature value, or if the expansion pressure monitored by the pressure sensor exceeds a preset pressure value, thermal runaway of the battery cell will occur. The fire extinguishing disc releases extinguishing agent to extinguish the fire in the event of thermal runaway. Furthermore, by combining the temperature sensor and pressure sensor, synchronous acquisition of the battery cell temperature field and expansion pressure can be achieved, further improving safety compared to traditional single-parameter monitoring methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a heat insulation fire extinguishing device, a battery module, and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy technologies, the energy density of battery modules has continued to increase. How to prevent thermal runaway of battery cells in order to improve the safety of battery modules is a key focus of the industry.

[0003] In existing technologies, aerogel pads are typically used for thermal insulation between battery cells, and temperature sensors are attached to the sides of the cells. When the cell temperature becomes too high, an external fire suppression module is used to extinguish the fire. However, the independently installed sensors and fire suppression module require additional space, which conflicts with the high energy density requirements of the battery pack.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the integration of heat insulation fire extinguishing devices is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0005] One objective of this invention is to provide a heat-insulating fire extinguishing device that can effectively improve its integration and enhance the safety of the battery assembly; another objective is to provide a battery assembly that includes the aforementioned heat-insulating fire extinguishing device; and yet another objective is to provide an electrical device that includes the aforementioned battery assembly.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A heat-insulating fire extinguishing device includes: a heat-insulating pad, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a fire extinguishing disc. The temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, and the fire extinguishing disc are disposed on the heat-insulating pad, which is placed between two adjacent battery cells. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the battery cells, the pressure sensor is used to monitor the expansion pressure of the battery cells, and the fire extinguishing disc is used to release a fire extinguishing agent when the battery cells experience thermal runaway.

[0008] In some embodiments, the heat insulation pad is provided with a receiving groove, and the fire extinguishing disc is placed in the receiving groove.

[0009] In some embodiments, the receiving groove is an opening groove that opens toward one of the sides of the heat insulation pad.

[0010] In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing pad is attached to one side of the heat insulation pad.

[0011] In some embodiments, the heat insulation pad is an L-shaped heat insulation pad, which includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is located within the space between two adjacent battery cells, and the second portion is located outside the space and on the outer side of one of the battery cells. The fire extinguishing pad is disposed on the second portion.

[0012] In some embodiments, the temperature sensor is a thin-film temperature sensor attached to one side of the heat insulation pad; and / or, the pressure sensor is a thin-film pressure sensor attached to one side of the heat insulation pad.

[0013] In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing disc is provided with an activation wire that extends to the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell.

[0014] In some embodiments, the heat insulation pad is an aerogel heat insulation pad, and the fire extinguishing pad is an aerosol fire extinguishing pad.

[0015] A battery assembly comprising the heat-insulating fire extinguishing device described in any of the preceding claims.

[0016] An electrical device includes the aforementioned battery assembly.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the above technical solution has at least the following advantages:

[0018] This utility model provides a heat-insulating fire extinguishing device that integrates a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a fire extinguishing pad into a heat-insulating pad. This effectively improves the integration of the device. During installation, the heat-insulating pad is placed between two adjacent battery cells, thus significantly improving installation convenience. During use, if the temperature monitored by the temperature sensor exceeds a preset temperature value, or if the expansion pressure monitored by the pressure sensor exceeds a preset pressure value, thermal runaway of the battery cell will occur. The fire extinguishing pad releases extinguishing agent to extinguish the fire in the event of thermal runaway. Furthermore, by combining the temperature and pressure sensors, synchronous acquisition of the battery cell temperature field and expansion pressure can be achieved, further improving safety compared to traditional single-parameter monitoring methods.

[0019] This utility model also provides a battery assembly, which, due to including the aforementioned heat insulation and fire extinguishing device, also possesses corresponding advantages.

[0020] This utility model also provides an electrical device that, because it includes the aforementioned battery component, also has corresponding advantages. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a heat-insulating fire extinguishing device provided in a specific embodiment of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 An explosion structure diagram of a heat-insulating fire extinguishing device provided for a specific embodiment of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery assembly provided for a specific embodiment of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a heat-insulating fire extinguishing device provided for another specific embodiment of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 An explosion structure diagram of a heat-insulating fire extinguishing device provided for another specific embodiment of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a battery assembly provided for another specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0029] 100-Insulated fire extinguishing device; 11-Insulated pad; 111-Accommodation slot; 101-First piece; 102-Second piece; 12-Temperature sensor; 13-Pressure sensor; 14-Fire extinguishing disc; 141-Starting wire; 200-Battery assembly; 21-Explosion-proof valve; 201-Interval space. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 .

[0032] This utility model provides a heat-insulating fire extinguishing device 100, comprising: a heat-insulating pad 11, a temperature sensor 12, a pressure sensor 13, and a fire extinguishing disc 14. The temperature sensor 12, pressure sensor 13, and fire extinguishing disc 14 are disposed within the heat-insulating pad 11, meaning they are integrated into the heat-insulating pad 11. For example, they can be fixed to the heat-insulating pad 11 by plastic sealing. This arrangement effectively improves the integration of the heat-insulating fire extinguishing device 100, reduces the installation steps of the temperature sensor 12 and pressure sensor 13, and the need for a fixing bracket for the fire extinguishing disc 14, thus effectively reducing manufacturing costs. During installation, the heat-insulating pad 11 is placed between two adjacent battery cells, thereby significantly improving installation convenience.

[0033] During use, temperature sensor 12 monitors the temperature of the battery cell, and pressure sensor 13 monitors the expansion pressure of the battery cell. If the temperature detected by temperature sensor 12 exceeds a preset temperature value, or the expansion pressure detected by pressure sensor 13 exceeds a preset pressure value, thermal runaway of the battery cell will occur. Fire extinguishing disc 14 releases extinguishing agent to extinguish the fire in the event of thermal runaway. This invention, by combining temperature sensor 12 and pressure sensor 13, can achieve synchronous acquisition of the battery cell temperature field and expansion pressure, enabling the identification of early faults such as internal short circuits and overcharging. Compared to traditional single-parameter monitoring methods, safety is further improved.

[0034] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the heat insulation pad 11 has a receiving groove 111, and the fire extinguishing disc 14 is placed in the receiving groove 111. For example, the side of the fire extinguishing disc 14 can be fixed to the side of the receiving groove by plastic sealing. After the fire extinguishing disc 14 is placed in the receiving groove 111, it is flush with the heat insulation pad 11. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the left side of the fire extinguishing disc 14 is flush with the left side of the heat insulation pad 11, and the right side of the fire extinguishing disc 14 is flush with the right side of the heat insulation pad 11. By placing the fire extinguishing disc 14 within the receiving groove 111 on the heat insulation pad 11, fire can be extinguished on the opposing surfaces of adjacent battery cells. Compared to placing the fire extinguishing device outside the battery assembly 200, this effectively suppresses flames on the sides of the battery cells, thereby improving the fire extinguishing effect.

[0035] In some embodiments, the receiving groove 111 is an opening groove that opens toward one of the sides of the heat insulation pad 11, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the heat insulation pad 11 has an opening groove facing the top. The shape of the fire extinguishing disc 14 is adapted to the shape of the opening groove. For example, when the fire extinguishing disc 14 is a rectangular disc, the shape of the opening groove is also a rectangular groove. In addition, other shapes of fire extinguishing discs 14 and receiving grooves 111 can also be used. The specific selection can be made according to actual needs.

[0036] In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing disc 14 is attached to one side of the heat insulation pad 11. In this case, it is not necessary to provide a receiving groove 111 on the heat insulation pad 11, which can ensure the integrity of the structure of the heat insulation pad 11 and facilitate the manufacture of the heat insulation pad 11. It should be noted that, provided that the space 201 between the two battery cells allows, one or more fire extinguishing discs 14 can also be attached to both sides of the heat insulation pad 11.

[0037] In some embodiments, the heat insulation pad 11 is an L-shaped heat insulation pad. Whether to use a sheet-shaped heat insulation pad 11 or an L-shaped heat insulation pad can be selected according to actual needs. For example, when the spacing between adjacent cells is large, a sheet-shaped heat insulation pad 11 can be used; when the spacing is small, an L-shaped heat insulation pad can be used. Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the L-shaped heat insulation pad includes a first piece 101 and a second piece 102. The first piece 101 and the second piece 102 can be a separate structure or a one-piece molded structure. For the separate structure, the sides of the first piece 101 and the second piece 102 can be fixed by plastic sealing. The first piece 101 is located within the space 201 between two adjacent battery cells, and the second piece 102 is located outside the space 201 and on the outer side of one of the battery cells. The fire extinguishing plate 14 is disposed on the second piece 102, for example, the fire extinguishing plate 14 can be disposed on the side of the second piece 102 facing away from the battery cell. By placing the fire extinguishing plate 14 outside the space 201 between adjacent battery cells, the occupation of the space 201 between adjacent battery cells can be reduced, which helps to reduce the size of the space 201 in the direction of multiple battery cell distribution and helps to improve the energy density of the battery assembly 200.

[0038] In some embodiments, temperature sensor 12 is a thin-film temperature sensor, which may be a thermistor. The thin-film temperature sensor is attached to one side of the heat insulation pad 11, and the side of the thin-film temperature sensor 12 facing away from the heat insulation pad 11 is in contact with the battery cell. This increases the detection area of ​​the thin-film temperature sensor 12, resulting in higher detection accuracy compared to existing single-point monitoring methods, with temperature data accuracy ≤ ±0.5℃. And / or, pressure sensor 13 is a thin-film pressure sensor, which may be a piezoresistive sensor. The thin-film pressure sensor 13 is attached to one side of the heat insulation pad 11, and its pressure monitoring range is 0-5MPa. By integrating temperature sensor 12 and pressure sensor 13 onto the heat insulation pad 11, the temperature response time can be ≤0.5 seconds, and the pressure linearity ≤1%FS.

[0039] The temperature sensor 12 and pressure sensor 13 are equipped with temperature monitoring connection terminals, respectively. Both terminals can be flexible circuit boards and can be connected to the controller of the battery management system via wiring harnesses or integrated busbars. Through a temperature-pressure data fusion algorithm, early faults such as internal short circuits and overcharging within the battery cell can be identified, triggering a warning 5-10 minutes in advance. Compared to traditional single-parameter monitoring solutions, this significantly improves response speed. Furthermore, battery management can be optimized; for example, pressure data detected by the pressure sensor 13 can adjust the charging and discharging strategy of the battery assembly 200 to extend the cell's cycle life.

[0040] In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing disc 14 is provided with an activation wire 141, which extends to the explosion-proof valve 21 of the battery cell, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the upper end of the fire extinguishing disc 14 is equipped with a starting line 141, and the upper end of the battery cell is equipped with an explosion-proof valve 21. If the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the explosion-proof valve 21 will be the first to thermally runaway and spray out. The fire extinguishing disc 14 can be activated through the starting line 141 to complete the fire extinguishing action.

[0041] In some embodiments, the heat insulation pad 11 is an aerogel heat insulation pad, and the fire extinguishing disc 14 is an aerosol fire extinguishing disc. By integrating the aerosol fire extinguishing disc onto the heat insulation pad 11, compared to external fire extinguishing devices, the aerosol filling amount of a single fire extinguishing disc 14 can be optimized to 5g, while the aerosol filling amount of external fire extinguishing devices typically requires more than 100g. Moreover, the extinguishing agent release time can be shortened to 2 seconds, and the coverage area is also increased. In addition, the fire extinguishing efficiency can also be effectively improved. For example, it only takes 2.8 seconds for the cell surface temperature to drop from 800°C to below 100°C, which is significantly improved compared to the 8-10 seconds of the extinguishing time of external fire extinguishing modules. Furthermore, it can reduce secondary damage: the fire extinguishing disc 14 can be directed to avoid the fire extinguishing agent spreading to adjacent cells, reducing the risk of thermal runaway spread, and the reignition rate within the battery pack can be reduced from 15% to 0.3%. The heat insulation pad 11 can be made of silica aerogel as the substrate, with a polyimide film composite on the surface. The temperature sensor 12, pressure sensor 13, aerogel heat insulation pad, and aerosol fire extinguishing pad can be laminated together using a vacuum lamination process. The leads of the temperature sensor 12 and pressure sensor 13 are led out through an FPC flexible circuit board to avoid structural weaknesses caused by traditional welding. The aerogel pad has a thermal conductivity ≤0.02W / (m·K) and can withstand a 1000℃ flame impact for 30 minutes, providing time for fire extinguishing response. The aerosol fire extinguishing pad 14 uses thermal or electrical triggering and has no mechanical moving parts. The heat insulation fire extinguishing device 100 provided by this utility model can adapt to harsh working conditions: it can reliably operate within a temperature range of -40℃ to 85℃, meeting the needs of new energy vehicles and energy storage scenarios.

[0042] In one specific triggering mechanism, when the temperature sensor 12 detects a temperature rise rate > 5℃ / s and the pressure sensor 13 detects a pressure rise rate > 10Pa / s, the battery management system activates the fire extinguishing plate 14 via electrical triggering. Aerosols can also be thermally triggered by the high-temperature gas from the cell's explosion-proof valve 21 to ensure full coverage. By using a dual-parameter triggering logic based on temperature and pressure, the false alarm rate is reduced by 90% compared to a single temperature threshold scheme, thus reducing the risk of false triggering and ensuring the normal operation of the battery module 200.

[0043] This utility model also provides a battery assembly 200, including multiple battery cells arranged sequentially, and a heat insulation and fire extinguishing device 100 provided in any of the above embodiments, wherein the heat insulation and fire extinguishing device 100 is placed between two adjacent battery cells. Regarding the beneficial effects of the battery assembly 200, please refer to the heat insulation and fire extinguishing device 100 provided in any of the above embodiments; further details will not be elaborated here.

[0044] This utility model also provides an electrical device, including the battery assembly 200 described above. The electrical device can be a car, an energy storage device, etc. For the beneficial effects of the electrical device, please refer to the heat insulation and fire extinguishing device 100 provided in any of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0045] It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0046] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0047] The above provides a detailed description of the heat-insulating fire extinguishing device 100, battery assembly 200, and electrical equipment provided by this utility model. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the core ideas of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this utility model without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A heat-insulating fire extinguishing device, characterized in that, include: The device includes a heat insulation pad (11), a temperature sensor (12), a pressure sensor (13), and a fire extinguishing disc (14). The temperature sensor (12), the pressure sensor (13), and the fire extinguishing disc (14) are disposed on the heat insulation pad (11). The heat insulation pad (11) is placed between two adjacent battery cells. The temperature sensor (12) is used to monitor the temperature of the battery cell. The pressure sensor (13) is used to monitor the expansion pressure of the battery cell. The fire extinguishing disc (14) is used to release a fire extinguishing agent when the battery cell experiences thermal runaway.

2. The heat-insulating fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat insulation pad (11) is provided with a receiving groove (111), and the fire extinguishing plate (14) is placed in the receiving groove (111).

3. The heat-insulating fire extinguishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The receiving groove (111) is an opening groove that opens toward one of the sides of the heat insulation pad (11).

4. The heat-insulating fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing disc (14) is attached to one side of the heat insulation pad (11).

5. The heat-insulating fire extinguishing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat insulation pad (11) is an L-shaped heat insulation pad, which includes a first part (101) and a second part (102). The first part (101) is located in the space (201) between two adjacent cells, and the second part (102) is located outside the space (201) and on the outer side of one of the cells. The fire extinguishing plate (14) is located on the second part (102).

6. The heat-insulating fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature sensor (12) is a thin-film temperature sensor, which is attached to one side of the heat insulation pad (11); and / or, the pressure sensor (13) is a thin-film pressure sensor, which is attached to one side of the heat insulation pad (11).

7. The heat-insulating fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing disc (14) is provided with a starting wire (141), which extends to the explosion-proof valve (21) of the battery cell.

8. The heat-insulating fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat insulation pad (11) is an aerogel heat insulation pad, and the fire extinguishing pad (14) is an aerosol fire extinguishing pad.

9. A battery assembly, characterized in that, Includes the heat-insulating fire extinguishing device (100) as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery assembly (200) as described in claim 9.

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