Numerically controlled machine tool tool adaptive mounting structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a numerical control machine tool tool adaptability mounting structure belongs to mechanical manufacturing technical field, and its technical scheme main points include spindle unit, the inside fixed connection of spindle unit has servo motor, servo motor's output fixedly connected with support spindle, the outside swing joint of support spindle has self -adaptation installation mechanism, the inside swing joint of self -adaptation installation mechanism has elastic contact subassembly, can be different type tool spare corresponding size unified tool post handle, and help step motor drive linkage structure, through eight groups of slide block drive fixed block from multidirectional multipoint same direction even clamping handle, need not complex connecting piece, solved the original integration collocation dismounting need complete shutdown, adaptive connecting piece can only replace the problem of same type different model tool, realized different type rotary tool convenient and quick and the higher adaptability of replacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical manufacturing technology, and in particular to an adaptive mounting structure for CNC machine tool cutting tools. Background Technology

[0002] In CNC machine tool processing, due to the variety of tool types and specifications, traditional mounting structures often suffer from insufficient compatibility, time-consuming replacement, and easily affected positioning accuracy, making it difficult to adapt to the high-efficiency processing needs of various parts. This has driven the research and development of tool mounting structures with strong adaptability.

[0003] In existing technologies, in CNC machine tool machining environments, rotary cutting tools, such as milling cutters, drills, reamers, taps, and thread milling cutters, are usually installed on the outside of the spindle, which is supported by the main output end of the servo motor inside the spindle unit, to meet machining requirements. These cutting tools and the supporting spindle are usually connected by complex connectors to form an integrated unit. The entire assembly and disassembly require a complete machine stop. When using adaptive connectors to install rotary cutting tools, it is only possible to replace different models of the same type of cutting tool. It is not possible to achieve convenient, fast, and highly adaptable replacement of different types of rotary cutting tools.

[0004] To address this, an adaptive mounting structure for CNC machine tool cutting tools is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an adaptive mounting structure for CNC machine tool cutting tools, which can solve the problems of low tool replacement efficiency and poor adaptability in existing tools.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an adaptive mounting structure for CNC machine tool cutting tools, comprising a spindle unit, a servo motor fixedly connected to the inner side of the spindle unit, a supporting spindle fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor, an adaptive mounting mechanism movably connected to the outer side of the supporting spindle, an elastic contact component movably connected to the inner side of the adaptive mounting mechanism, the adaptive mounting mechanism comprising a mounting column, the mounting column fixedly connected to the outer side of the supporting spindle, a support plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner side of the mounting column, a sliding block slidably connected to the inner side of the support plate, a support block fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding block, the elastic contact component movably connected to the side of the support block away from the inner wall of the mounting column, a fixed block movably connected to the outer side of the elastic contact component, and a co-directional drive component movably connected to the top of the sliding block.

[0007] Preferably, the elastic contact assembly includes two telescopic columns, which are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite side of the support block and the fixing block.

[0008] Preferably, the telescopic column is slidably connected to a hollow column on its outer side, and the two telescopic columns are slidably connected to the two sides of the inner side of the hollow column respectively. A first compression spring is fixedly connected to the opposite side of the two telescopic columns, and the first compression spring is disposed on the inner side of the hollow column.

[0009] Preferably, a telescopic guide rod is rotatably connected to the inner side of the telescopic column, and the two sides of the telescopic guide rod are respectively rotatably connected to the inner walls on both sides of the telescopic column, and a second compression spring is fixedly connected to the outer side of the telescopic guide rod.

[0010] Preferably, the co-directional drive assembly includes a stepper motor, which is fixedly connected to the top of the inner side of the mounting column. The output end of the stepper motor is fixedly connected to a drive tooth, and the outer side of the drive tooth is meshed with a linkage tooth column. The bottom of the linkage tooth column is fixedly connected to an arc groove guide plate, and the outer side of the arc groove guide plate is rotatably connected to a support ring, which is fixedly connected to the top of the inner side of the mounting column.

[0011] Preferably, a linkage column is fixedly connected to the inner side of the arc groove guide plate, a linkage rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the linkage column, and the linkage rod is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding block.

[0012] Preferably, a positioning slot is provided at the bottom of the supporting spindle, and a positioning block is inserted into the inner side of the positioning slot.

[0013] Preferably, a tool cylindrical handle is fixedly connected to the bottom of the positioning block.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This application, by setting an adaptive installation mechanism, can equip different types of cutting tools with corresponding model and size uniform cylindrical shanks. With the help of a stepper motor driven linkage structure, eight sets of sliding blocks drive the fixed blocks to clamp the shank evenly from multiple directions and multiple points in the same direction. No complex connecting parts are required. This solves the problems of the original integrated matching and disassembly requiring a complete machine stop and the adaptive connecting parts only being able to replace different models of the same type of cutting tool. It realizes convenient, fast and highly adaptable replacement of different types of rotary cutting tools. 2. This application solves the potential problems of excessive stress during fixing and impact damage to the tool during machining by setting up an elastic contact component, which can be composed of a telescopic column, a hollow column, and an inner and outer first and second compression spring. During fixing, the outer first compression spring buffers the stress generated by the contraction of the telescopic column, and the inner telescopic guide rod and the second compression spring further buffer it. During normal use, the compression spring retains the contraction space, realizing double protection for the tool and reducing damage caused by stress and impact. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the CNC machine tool tool adaptability mounting structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the mounting column of this utility model; Figure 3 This is an overall structural diagram of the adaptive installation mechanism of this utility model; Figure 4 This is an overall structural diagram of the elastic contact component of this utility model.

[0016] In the diagram, 1. Spindle unit; 2. Servo motor; 3. Support spindle; 4. Adaptive mounting mechanism; 41. Mounting column; 42. Support plate; 43. Sliding block; 44. Support block; 45. Fixing block; 46. Co-directional drive assembly; 4601. Stepper motor; 4602. Drive gear; 4603. Linkage gear column; 4604. Arc groove guide plate; 4605. Support ring; 4606. Linkage column; 4607. Linkage rod; 5. Elastic contact assembly; 51. Telescopic column; 52. Hollow column; 53. First compression spring; 54. Telescopic guide rod; 55. Second compression spring; 6. Positioning slot; 7. Positioning insert; 8. Tool cylindrical shank. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] Please see Figure 1-4 The present invention provides the following technical solution: An adaptive mounting structure for CNC machine tool tools includes a spindle unit 1. A servo motor 2 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the spindle unit 1. A supporting spindle 3 is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor 2. An adaptive mounting mechanism 4 is movably connected to the outer side of the supporting spindle 3. An elastic contact component 5 is movably connected to the inner side of the adaptive mounting mechanism 4. The adaptive mounting mechanism 4 includes a mounting post 41, which is fixedly connected to the outer side of the supporting spindle 3. A support plate 42 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner side of the mounting post 41. A sliding block 43 is slidably connected to the inner side of the support plate 42. A support block 44 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding block 43. The elastic contact component 5 is movably connected to the side of the support block 44 away from the inner wall of the mounting post 41. A fixed block 45 is movably connected to the outer side of the elastic contact component 5. A co-directional drive component 46 is movably connected to the top of the sliding block 43.

[0019] In this embodiment: by replacing the mounting shank of the rotating tool with a corresponding type of tool cylindrical shank 8 at the mounting post 41 on the outside of the support spindle 3, the co-directional drive assembly 46 causes the eight sets of sliding blocks 43 in the circumferential area of ​​the support plate 42 to slide towards the circular area in the same direction, driving the support block 44 at the bottom of the sliding block 43 and the mounting fixing block 45 to move inward simultaneously, so that the cylindrical area of ​​the tool cylindrical shank 8 is uniformly contacted and clamped from multiple directions and multiple points on the outside. In this way, by attaching different tools to the bottom of the tool cylindrical shank 8, CNC machine tool tools can be flexibly installed, making it convenient to change models and adapting to a certain range of tool cylindrical shank 8 and different types of tools carried.

[0020] Specifically, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the elastic contact assembly 5 includes two telescopic columns 51, which are fixedly connected to the opposite side of the support block 44 and the fixing block 45, respectively.

[0021] Specifically, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, a hollow column 52 is slidably connected to the outer side of the telescopic column 51, and the two telescopic columns 51 are slidably connected to the two sides of the inner side of the hollow column 52 respectively. A first compression spring 53 is fixedly connected to the opposite side of the two telescopic columns 51, and the first compression spring 53 is set on the inner side of the hollow column 52.

[0022] Specifically, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, a telescopic guide rod 54 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the telescopic column 51, and the two sides of the telescopic guide rod 54 are respectively rotatably connected to the inner walls on both sides of the telescopic column 51. A second compression spring 55 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the telescopic guide rod 54.

[0023] In this embodiment: when the fixing block 45 first contacts the tool cylindrical handle 8, it is not pressed tightly. The support block 44 continues to move inward to reduce the distance between the fixing block 45 and the support block 44. The two sets of telescopic columns 51 slide into the hollow column 52. The first horizontal compression spring 53 between the two telescopic columns 51 is limited by the hollow column 52 to buffer from the outside. When the two sets of telescopic guide rods 54 distributed in a figure-eight shape inside the telescopic column 51 rotate and connect the inner walls of the small end and the large end respectively to contract, the second compression spring 55 buffers from the inside. In normal use, there is still a small amount of contraction space to protect the tool.

[0024] Specifically, such as Figure 3As shown, the co-directional drive assembly 46 includes a stepper motor 4601, which is fixedly connected to the top of the inner side of the mounting post 41. The output end of the stepper motor 4601 is fixedly connected to a drive tooth 4602. The outer side of the drive tooth 4602 is meshed with a linkage tooth post 4603. The bottom of the linkage tooth post 4603 is fixedly connected to an arc groove guide plate 4604. The outer side of the arc groove guide plate 4604 is rotatably connected to a support ring 4605, which is fixedly connected to the top of the inner side of the mounting post 41.

[0025] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, a linkage column 4606 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the arc groove guide plate 4604, and a linkage rod 4607 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the linkage column 4606. The linkage rod 4607 is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding block 43.

[0026] In this embodiment: by starting the stepper motor 4601 at the top of the mounting column 41, the drive gear 4602 at its output end rotates, driving the outer meshing linkage gear column 4603, which has the same tooth groove at the top, rotates at the same point as the support spindle 3, and is hollowed out in the center and does not contact the rotation. The arc groove guide plate 4604 at the bottom of the linkage gear column 4603 rotates in the support ring 4605. The eight sets of guide grooves on the inner side of the arc groove guide plate 4604 squeeze the internally movable linkage column 4606 to make it slide. The linkage column 4606 drives the eight sets of sliding blocks 43 on the support plate 42 to slide from the circumference to the center in the same direction through the linkage rod 4607.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, a positioning slot 6 is provided at the bottom of the supporting spindle 3, and a positioning block 7 is inserted into the inner side of the positioning slot 6.

[0028] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the positioning block 7 is fixedly connected to the tool cylindrical handle 8.

[0029] In this embodiment, primary positioning is achieved by inserting the positioning block 7 at the top of the tool cylindrical shank 8 into the positioning slot 6 at the bottom of the support spindle 3.

[0030] Working Principle: In a CNC machine tool machining environment, rotary cutting tools, such as milling cutters, drills, reamers, taps, and thread cutters, are typically mounted on the outside of the spindle 3, supported by the main output end of the servo motor 2 inside the spindle unit 1, to meet machining requirements. In existing technologies, these cutting tools and the supporting spindle 3 are usually connected as a single unit via complex connectors, requiring a complete machine shutdown for disassembly and assembly. Furthermore, existing methods using adaptable connectors for mounting rotary cutting tools only allow for the replacement of different models of the same type of tool, failing to provide convenient, quick, and highly adaptable replacement for different types of rotary cutting tools. To avoid this, a mounting post 41 for mounting rotary cutting tools is provided on the outside of the supporting spindle 3. At the tool holder location, the original tool holder is replaced with a tool post shank 8 corresponding to its model. When installation is required, the positioning block 7 on the top of the tool post shank 8 is inserted into the positioning slot 6 at the bottom of the support spindle 3 to achieve initial positioning. Then, the stepper motor 4601 located on top of the mounting post 41 is started, causing the drive gear 4602 at the output end of the stepper motor 4601 to rotate. The rotation of the drive gear 4602 will cause the linkage gear post 4603 meshing on its outer side to rotate in conjunction. The linkage gear post 4603 has the same tooth groove as the drive gear 4602 on its top, and its rotation point is consistent with the axis of rotation of the support spindle 3, but its center is hollow and does not contact the support spindle 3. When the linkage gear post 4603 rotates, the arc groove guide plate 4604 at its bottom will rotate accordingly. The support ring 4605 rotates inside the support ring 4605. Eight sets of guide grooves are provided on the inner side of the arc groove guide plate 4604 for guidance. Each guide groove is movably connected to a linkage column 4606. When the arc groove guide plate 4604 rotates, the position and direction of its internal guide grooves change, thus pressing and linking the linkage column 4606, causing it to slide along the axis within the guide groove of the arc groove guide plate 4604. The linkage column 4606 is fixedly connected to a sliding block 43 slidably connected inside the support plate 42 via a linkage rod 4607. Therefore, the displacement of the linkage column 4606 will act on the sliding block 43 through the linkage rod 4607, causing the eight sets of sliding blocks 43, evenly distributed in the circumferential area of ​​the support plate 42, to move from the circumferential area to the circular area. The sliding block 43 slides towards the bottom support block 44, causing the fixed block 45 mounted on it to move inward simultaneously. This results in uniform contact from multiple directions and points on the outside, achieving clamping of the cylindrical area of ​​the tool shank 8. In summary, by bolting or welding different tools to the bottom of the tool shank 8, and then adapting the tool shank 8 for installation, flexible installation of the overall CNC machine tool tool can be achieved. This mainly includes convenient model replacement and the ability to adapt to a certain range of tool shanks 8 and the different models of tools they support. Furthermore, after the tool is fixed to the mounting column 41, the mounting column 41 can rotate with the supporting spindle 3, still achieving coaxial CNC operation. This applies to the fixing of the fixed block 45 and normal use.To avoid hard damage to the tool during the fixing process and normal use, the fixing block 45 is not fully compressed when it first contacts the tool's cylindrical shank 8. An elastic element consisting of two sets of telescopic columns 51 and one set of hollow columns 52 is provided on the fixing block 45 and the support block 44 driven in the same direction. The two sets of telescopic columns 51 are connected to the support block 44 and the fixing block 45 respectively, and simultaneously slidably connected to both sides inside the hollow columns 52. When the fixing block 45 first contacts the surface of the clamped object, it is not in a fully compressed state, but rather the distance between it and the support block 44 decreases as the support block 44 continues to move inward. The telescopic columns 51 located between the support block 44 and the sliding block 43 also retract and slide into the hollow columns 52. A horizontal first compression spring 53 is provided between the two telescopic columns 51, mainly used to control the distance between the two telescopic columns 51. The stress generated by the contraction is pushed back and buffered, and the first compression spring 53 is directionally limited by the hollow column 52, achieving buffering from the outside of the two telescopic columns 51. Inside the telescopic column 51, its extension and retraction are manifested as sliding from the smaller end to the larger end. Two sets of telescopic guide rods 54 are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the smaller end and the larger end, respectively, and are distributed in a figure-eight pattern. When the telescopic column 51 retracts, the telescopic guide rods 54 rotate and retract along the two inner walls, and continue to be pushed back by the elastic potential energy of the second compression spring 55 on its outer side, thus achieving buffering from the inside. This can reduce and eliminate the stress during the clamping process to protect the tool. Under normal use, the first compression spring 53 and the second compression spring 55 still have a small amount of retraction space, which can provide a certain degree of protection for the tool during the machining process. In summary, this can optimize the adaptability of the CNC machine tool mounting structure.

[0031] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A numerical control machine tool tool adaptive mounting structure comprising a spindle unit (1), characterized by: A servo motor (2) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the spindle unit (1). A supporting spindle (3) is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor (2). An adaptive mounting mechanism (4) is movably connected to the outer side of the supporting spindle (3). An elastic contact component (5) is movably connected to the inner side of the adaptive mounting mechanism (4). The adaptive mounting mechanism (4) includes a mounting column (41). The mounting column (41) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the supporting spindle (3). A support plate (42) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner side of the mounting column (41). A sliding block (43) is slidably connected to the inner side of the support plate (42). A support block (44) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding block (43). The elastic contact component (5) is movably connected to the side of the support block (44) away from the inner wall of the mounting column (41). A fixed block (45) is movably connected to the outer side of the elastic contact component (5). A co-directional drive component (46) is movably connected to the top of the sliding block (43).

2. The tool adaptive mounting structure of claim 1, wherein: The elastic contact assembly (5) includes two telescopic columns (51), which are fixedly connected to the opposite side of the support block (44) and the fixing block (45), respectively.

3. The tool adaptive mounting structure of claim 2, wherein: The telescopic column (51) is slidably connected to a hollow column (52) on its outer side, and the two telescopic columns (51) are slidably connected to the two sides of the inner side of the hollow column (52) respectively. A first compression spring (53) is fixedly connected to the opposite side of the two telescopic columns (51), and the first compression spring (53) is set on the inner side of the hollow column (52).

4. The tool adaptive mounting structure of claim 2, wherein: The telescopic column (51) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the telescopic guide rod (54), and the two sides of the telescopic guide rod (54) are respectively rotatably connected to the inner walls of the two sides of the telescopic column (51). The outer side of the telescopic guide rod (54) is fixedly connected to the second compression spring (55).

5. The tool adaptive mounting structure of claim 1, wherein: The co-directional drive assembly (46) includes a stepper motor (4601), which is fixedly connected to the top of the inner side of the mounting post (41). The output end of the stepper motor (4601) is fixedly connected to a drive tooth (4602). The outer side of the drive tooth (4602) is meshed with a linkage tooth column (4603). The bottom of the linkage tooth column (4603) is fixedly connected to an arc groove guide plate (4604). The outer side of the arc groove guide plate (4604) is rotatably connected to a support ring (4605). The support ring (4605) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner side of the mounting post (41).

6. A tool mounting structure for a numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 5, wherein: The inner side of the arc groove guide plate (4604) is fixedly connected to a linkage column (4606), the bottom of the linkage column (4606) is fixedly connected to a linkage rod (4607), and the linkage rod (4607) is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding block (43).

7. The tool adaptive mounting structure of claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the support spindle (3) is provided with a positioning slot (6), and a positioning block (7) is inserted into the inner side of the positioning slot (6).

8. A tool mounting structure for a numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the positioning block (7) is fixedly connected to a tool cylindrical handle (8).

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