Gully water and debris flow prevention system for hydroelectric station channel

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower facilities, especially to a water and mud flow prevention and control system of hydropower station ditch, which realizes the cooperative prevention and control of ditch water and mud flow between adjacent branch ditches, comprising a first branch ditch, a first check dam and a first water dam are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction of the first branch ditch; comprising a second branch ditch, a second check dam and a second water dam are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction of the second branch ditch; comprising a first drainage hole, the first water inlet of the first drainage hole is arranged between the first check dam and the first water dam, and the first water outlet of the first drainage hole is arranged between the second check dam and the second water dam; comprising a second drainage hole, the second water inlet of the second drainage hole is arranged between the second check dam and the second water dam, and the second water outlet of the second drainage hole is communicated with a downstream river channel. The utility model is especially suitable for the hydropower station ditch management engineering in high mountain and valley area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower facilities, and in particular to a system for preventing and controlling water and debris flows in the channel of a hydropower station. Background Technology

[0002] When constructing hydroelectric power station projects in high mountain and canyon areas, the tributary valleys near the power station are often perennial and deeply incised, resulting in very limited usable construction sites near the dam area. During construction, a large amount of waste material needs to be stored; therefore, tributary valleys near the dam site are often used as permanent spoil heaps. This necessitates the prevention of water and debris flows from these tributary valleys to avoid damage to downstream spoil heaps.

[0003] Existing tributary ditch control systems typically involve sequentially installing barrier dams and retaining dams along the direction of water flow. The barrier dams first intercept solid materials carried by the tributary, such as rocks from debris flows, while the water flow continues forward through the spillways on the barrier dams to the retaining dams, where it is also intercepted. This coordinated division of labor between the barrier dams and retaining dams achieves the effect of intercepting solids and diverting liquids. However, existing control systems lack necessary coordinated control measures between adjacent tributaries, resulting in functional independence between them. If the flow rate in one tributary exceeds its design limit, its control function will fail. In severe cases, this can even lead to a chain reaction, causing adjacent tributaries to fail sequentially, ultimately causing the entire tributary system to fail. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a hydropower station channel water and debris flow prevention system that achieves coordinated prevention and control of water flow and debris flow between adjacent tributary ditches.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: a ditch water and debris flow prevention system for a hydropower station, including a first branch ditch, with a first retaining dam and a first water-retaining dam arranged sequentially along the water flow direction of the first branch ditch; including a second branch ditch, with a second retaining dam and a second water-retaining dam arranged sequentially along the water flow direction of the second branch ditch; including a first drainage tunnel, with a first inlet of the first drainage tunnel located between the first retaining dam and the first water-retaining dam, and a first outlet of the first drainage tunnel located between the second retaining dam and the second water-retaining dam; including a second drainage tunnel, with a second inlet of the second drainage tunnel located between the second retaining dam and the second water-retaining dam, and a second outlet of the second drainage tunnel connected to the downstream river channel.

[0006] Furthermore, including the spoil heap, the second outlet is located downstream of the spoil heap along the river channel.

[0007] Furthermore, the height of the first outlet is not lower than the height of the second inlet.

[0008] Furthermore, both the first and second dams are overflow gravity dams.

[0009] Furthermore, it includes a first emergency drainage channel, the inlet of which is connected to the crest of the first dam; This includes a second emergency drainage channel, the entrance of which is connected to the top of the second dam.

[0010] Furthermore, the outlet of the first emergency drainage channel is connected to the outlet of the second emergency drainage channel.

[0011] Furthermore, it includes a converging drainage channel, the inlet of which is connected to the outlets of the first and second emergency flood discharge channels, and the outlet of the converging drainage channel is connected to the river channel.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: In practical use, the first and second tributaries can initially function independently in terms of interception and prevention. When the water flow in the first tributary is too high, some of the water can enter the first drainage tunnel through the first inlet between the first retaining dam and the first water-retaining dam, then flow between the second retaining dam and the second water-retaining dam, and finally enter the second drainage tunnel before being discharged into the downstream river channel. By setting up the first and second drainage tunnels, the drainage linkage between the first and second tributaries is effectively enhanced, increasing the upper limit of water volume that a single tributary can bear, and effectively strengthening the coordinated protection capabilities of the tributaries in terms of water flow and debris flow prevention.

[0013] Second, the water collected by the first and second drainage tunnels will be discharged into the river channel through a location downstream of the spoil heap. This prevents potential damage to the spoil heap and surrounding structures caused by excessive drainage from the second drainage tunnel. This solution not only effectively controls the perennial water flow, providing a permanent spoil heap area downstream, but also protects against natural disasters such as debris flows, avoiding their hazards.

[0014] Third, by adding a first emergency drainage channel, excess water that the first dam cannot intercept can overflow from the top of the first dam and enter the first emergency drainage channel, eventually being discharged into the downstream river channel, further enhancing the system's drainage capacity. Similarly, the second emergency drainage channel and its corresponding second dam can achieve a similar drainage effect.

[0015] Fourth, merging and connecting the outlets of the first and second emergency drainage channels, and discharging them into the downstream river through a confluence drainage channel, can reduce the corresponding amount of construction work, effectively reducing construction costs and time while ensuring drainage effect.

[0016] This invention is particularly applicable to hydropower station channel management projects in high mountain and canyon areas. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] The following are marked on the map: First branch ditch 1, First retaining dam 11, First water-retaining dam 12, First emergency drainage channel 13, Second branch ditch 2, Second retaining dam 21, Second water-retaining dam 22, Second emergency drainage channel 23, First drainage tunnel 3, First inlet 31, First outlet 32, Second drainage tunnel 4, Second inlet 41, Second outlet 42, Converging drainage channel 5, River channel 6, Slag dump 7. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] like Figure 1 The diagram shows a ditch and debris flow prevention system for a hydroelectric power station. In the direction of the forward flow of water in the first branch ditch 1, a first retaining dam 11 and a first retaining dam 12 are installed sequentially. The first retaining dam 11 has a spillway, allowing water from the first branch ditch 1 to flow through the spillway to the area between the first retaining dam 11 and the first retaining dam 12 while intercepting solid materials such as rocks within the first branch ditch. Similarly, in the direction of the forward flow of water in the second branch ditch 2, a second retaining dam 21 and a second retaining dam 22 are installed sequentially. The second retaining dam 21 has a spillway, allowing water from the second branch ditch 2 to flow through the spillway to the area between the second retaining dam 21 and the second retaining dam 22 while intercepting solid materials such as rocks within the second branch ditch.

[0021] The first inlet 31 of the first drainage tunnel 3 is located between the first retaining dam 11 and the first water-retaining dam 12, and the first outlet 32 ​​of the first drainage tunnel 3 is located between the second retaining dam 21 and the second water-retaining dam 22. The position of the first inlet 31 is higher than the position of the first outlet 32, allowing the water entering the first inlet 31 to flow naturally to the first outlet 32 ​​under the action of gravity. The second inlet 41 of the second drainage tunnel 4 is located between the second retaining dam 21 and the second water-retaining dam 22, and the second outlet 42 of the second drainage tunnel 4 is connected to the river channel 6. The position of the first outlet 32 ​​is at the same height as the position of the second inlet 41, or the position of the first outlet 32 ​​is slightly higher than the position of the second inlet 41, as long as the water flowing out of the first outlet 32 ​​can smoothly enter the second inlet 41. Subsequently, the height of the second inlet 41 is higher than the height of the second outlet 42, allowing the water entering the second inlet 41 to flow along the second drainage hole 4 to the second outlet 42 under its own weight, and finally flow into the river channel 6. For example, Figure 1 As shown, since the slag heap 7 is set along the river channel 6, in order to prevent the water flow from the second outlet 42 from being too large and affecting the slag heap 7, it is preferable to set the second outlet 42 downstream of the slag heap 7 along the direction of the river channel 6. This way, the water discharged from the second outlet 42 will continue to flow downstream after entering the river channel 6, effectively protecting the safety of the slag heap 7 located upstream of the second outlet 42.

[0022] In this embodiment, the first dam 12 and the second dam 22 are overflow gravity dams, which allows them to meet certain flood discharge capacity. Specifically, the crest of the first dam 12 is connected to the inlet of the first emergency drainage channel 13, and the crest of the second dam 22 is connected to the inlet of the second emergency drainage channel 23. The width of the overflow section of the dam is greater than the width of the corresponding emergency drainage channel. Subsequently, the outlet of the first emergency drainage channel 13 is connected to the outlet of the second emergency drainage channel 23, and after the outlet connection, it flows into the confluence drainage channel 5 and into the river channel 6. The first emergency drainage channel 13 and the second emergency drainage channel 23 converge into the confluence drainage channel 5, forming a Y-shaped arrangement. Considering the actual flood discharge volume, frequency, and overall layout requirements of the confluence drainage channel 5, the outlet of the confluence drainage channel 5 can be located upstream of the slag heap 7 along the river channel 6.

[0023] When designing the above-mentioned prevention and control system, the following design method can be adopted, including the following steps: a. Based on the scale of the slag heap 7, determine the level of each building and the flood standard, as well as the emergency flood discharge standard of the emergency drainage channel; b. Based on the location of the slag heap 7 and the topographic and geological conditions of the high mountain and canyon area where the slag heap 7 is located, determine the first inlet 31 of the first drainage tunnel 3 and the second inlet 41 of the second drainage tunnel 4. The first inlet 31 and the slag heap 7 have sufficient space to arrange the first water-retaining dam 12, and the second inlet 41 and the slag heap 7 have sufficient space to arrange the second water-retaining dam 22; the first outlet 32 ​​of the first drainage tunnel 3 is connected to the second inlet 41 of the second drainage tunnel 4, and the second outlet 42 of the second drainage tunnel 4 is connected to the river channel 6. c. The design flood flow of the first branch ditch 1 is Q1, and the total amount of solid matter is V1; the design flood flow of the second branch ditch (2) is Q2, and the total amount of solid matter is V2; the emergency flood discharge flow of the first branch ditch 1 through the first emergency drainage channel 13 is S1, and the emergency flood discharge flow of the second branch ditch 2 through the second emergency drainage channel 23 is S2; d. Based on the topographic and geological conditions and in conjunction with the regulations and specifications, the scale of the second dam 22 and the scale of the second drainage tunnel 4 are determined through tunnel hydraulic calculations, and the flood discharge flow of the second drainage tunnel 4 is required to be Q1+Q2; e. Based on the topographic and geological conditions, the second retaining dam 21 is arranged at the position of the second inlet 41 of the second drainage tunnel 4 facing the upstream of the second branch ditch 2, and the scale of the second retaining dam 21 is determined. The second retaining dam 21 needs to meet the requirement of retaining the total amount of solid matter V2; f. Based on the topographic and geological conditions, the first inlet 31 of the first drainage tunnel 3 is located in the direction of the extension of the first branch ditch 1, and the first outlet 32 ​​of the first drainage tunnel 3 is located between the second retaining dam 21 and the second water-retaining dam 22. In accordance with regulations and standards, the scale of the first water-retaining dam 12 and the first drainage tunnel 3 are determined through tunnel hydraulic calculations to ensure that the flood discharge flow of the first drainage tunnel 3 is Q1. Based on the topographic and geological conditions and the layout of the slag heap 7, the spatial arrangement of the first emergency drainage channel 13 of the first branch ditch 1, the second emergency drainage channel 23 of the second branch ditch 2, and the confluence drainage channel 5 are determined. In accordance with regulations and standards, the scale of the first emergency drainage channel 13 is determined through channel hydraulic calculations to ensure that the emergency flood discharge flow of the first emergency drainage channel 13 is S1; the scale of the second emergency drainage channel 23 is determined to ensure that the emergency flood discharge flow of the second emergency drainage channel 23 is S2; and the scale of the confluence drainage channel 5 is determined to ensure that the emergency flood discharge flow of the confluence drainage channel 5 is S1+S. 2。

Claims

1. A system for preventing water flow and debris flow in a hydropower station channel, comprising a first branch channel (1), wherein a first retaining dam (11) and a first retaining dam (12) are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction of the first branch channel (1); comprising a second branch channel (2), wherein a second retaining dam (21) and a second retaining dam (22) are sequentially arranged along the water flow direction of the second branch channel (2); characterized in that: It includes a first drainage tunnel (3), the first inlet (31) of the first drainage tunnel (3) is located between the first retaining dam (11) and the first water retaining dam (12), and the first outlet (32) of the first drainage tunnel (3) is located between the second retaining dam (21) and the second water retaining dam (22); It includes a second drainage tunnel (4), the second inlet (41) of the second drainage tunnel (4) is located between the second retaining dam (21) and the second water retaining dam (22), and the second outlet (42) of the second drainage tunnel (4) is connected to the river channel (6).

2. The hydropower station channel water and debris flow prevention system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a slag heap (7) and a second outlet (42) located downstream of the slag heap (7) along the direction of the river channel (6).

3. The hydropower station channel water and debris flow prevention system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the first outlet (32) is not lower than the height of the second inlet (41).

4. The hydropower station channel water and debris flow prevention system as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first dam (12) and the second dam (22) are overflow gravity dams.

5. The hydropower station channel water and debris flow prevention system as described in claim 4, characterized in that: It includes a first emergency drainage channel (13), the inlet of which is connected to the top of the first dam (12); It includes a second emergency drainage channel (23), the inlet of which is connected to the top of the second dam (22).

6. The hydropower station channel water and debris flow prevention system as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The outlet of the first emergency drainage channel (13) is connected to the outlet of the second emergency drainage channel (23).

7. The hydropower station channel water and debris flow prevention system as described in claim 6, characterized in that: It includes a confluence drainage channel (5), the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the first emergency flood discharge channel (13) and the second emergency flood discharge channel (23), and the outlet of the confluence drainage channel (5) is connected to the river channel (6).

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