Multi-stage damping structure, air compressor and railway vehicle

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of air compressor technology, specifically to a multi-stage vibration damping structure, an air compressor, and a rail vehicle. The multi-stage vibration damping structure includes: a first vibration damping pad located below the system hanger, the first vibration damping pad comprising a first vibration damping pad body, the inner and outer walls of which are integrally formed with metal inserts and connecting sleeves, respectively; a second vibration damping pad, at least a portion of which is located above the system hanger; and a mounting bolt, which passes sequentially from top to bottom through the second vibration damping pad, the system hanger, the metal insert, and the washer before being threadedly connected to a mounting nut located below the washer. This utility model, by setting the first vibration damping pad, allows the vibration of the air compressor to be damped by the first vibration damping pad before being transmitted to the system hanger; by setting the second vibration damping pad, a portion of the vibration of the system hanger is absorbed by the second vibration damping pad, thereby achieving two-stage vibration damping and improving the vibration damping effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of air compressor technology, specifically to a multi-stage vibration reduction structure, an air compressor, and a rail vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Rail vehicles typically use a suspended mounting method for air compressors, meaning the air compressor and the rail vehicle's system hanger are interconnected. During operation, the air compressor generates significant vibrations, which are transmitted to the rail vehicle through the system hanger. This causes wear on the system hanger and other components of the rail vehicle, and also reduces passenger comfort. Therefore, it is necessary to maximize the vibration isolation effect between the air compressor and the system hanger.

[0003] Chinese utility model patent ZL200820182460.0 discloses a mobile vibration-damping air compressor base. This base, used to connect an air compressor, includes a frame, a connecting base, vibration-damping pads, and connecting screws. Vibration-damping pads are placed between the frame and the connecting base, and connecting bolts are installed on the connecting base. The vibration damping in this patent is a single-stage vibration damping system using vibration-damping pads; that is, only a single vibration-damping pad with a simple structure is used between the frame and the connecting base. While this provides some vibration isolation, the efficiency is low, and the pads are prone to fatigue, aging, and breakage due to excessive pressure. Therefore, improving the vibration damping effect is a key technical problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a multi-stage vibration reduction structure, an air compressor, and a rail vehicle.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application proposes a multi-stage vibration damping structure, comprising: a first vibration damping pad located below a system hanger, the first vibration damping pad comprising a first vibration damping pad body, the inner and outer walls of the first vibration damping pad body being integrally formed with a metal insert and a connecting sleeve, respectively; a second vibration damping pad, at least a portion of the second vibration damping pad being located above the system hanger; and a mounting bolt, the mounting bolt passing sequentially from top to bottom through the second vibration damping pad, the system hanger, the metal insert, and the washer, and threadedly connected to a mounting nut located below the washer.

[0006] Furthermore, the system hanger has a fixing hole through which the mounting bolt passes; the second vibration damping pad includes a second vibration damping pad body, the second vibration damping pad body includes a first vibration damping part and a second vibration damping part that are coaxially arranged and connected to each other; the first vibration damping part is located above the system hanger, the four edges of the first vibration damping part are set to extend beyond the fixing hole, and the second vibration damping part is disposed in the fixing hole.

[0007] Furthermore, the second vibration damping pad also includes a mounting plate integrally formed with the main body of the second vibration damping pad. The mounting plate includes a first mounting portion located below the first vibration damping portion and a second mounting portion located within the fixing hole. The four edges of the first mounting portion are set to extend beyond the first vibration damping portion, and the first mounting portion is connected to the system hanger.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a first support sleeve fitted around the mounting bolt, the first support sleeve being located between the second vibration damping pad and the mounting bolt, and the height of the first support sleeve being slightly less than the height of the second vibration damping pad.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes an upper cover plate sleeved around the mounting bolt, the upper cover plate being located between the bolt head and the second vibration damping pad, and the four edges of the upper cover plate extending beyond the second vibration damping pad.

[0010] Furthermore, the connecting sleeve includes a cylindrical portion integrally formed with the outer side wall of the first damping pad body and a flat plate portion extending outward in the circumferential direction at the bottom end of the cylindrical portion; the first bolt passes through the damping pad, the flat plate portion and the air compressor bracket and is threadedly connected to the first nut, and the damping pad is provided between the head of the first bolt and the flat plate portion and between the first nut and the air compressor bracket.

[0011] Furthermore, a first mounting hole is formed on the flat plate portion through which the first bolt passes, and a second mounting hole is formed on the air compressor bracket through which the first bolt passes. A second support sleeve is provided in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole to surround the first bolt. The height of the second support sleeve is greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the flat plate portion and the air compressor bracket, but less than the sum of the thicknesses of the flat plate portion, the air compressor bracket, and the two vibration damping pads.

[0012] Furthermore, a groove is provided at the upper end of the first vibration damping pad body, and the groove is recessed into the first vibration damping pad body along the direction of the system hanger pointing towards the first vibration damping pad body.

[0013] Secondly, this application also proposes an air compressor, including the above-mentioned multi-stage vibration damping structure, preferably, the number of the multi-stage vibration damping structures is multiple.

[0014] Thirdly, this application also proposes a rail vehicle including the aforementioned air compressor.

[0015] This invention improves vibration reduction by placing a first damping pad below the system hanger, which dampens the vibration of the air compressor before transmitting it to the system hanger; and by placing at least a portion of a second damping pad above the system hanger, which absorbs a portion of the vibration of the system hanger after vibration. This results in two stages of vibration reduction during the transmission of the air compressor's vibration to the system hanger. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-stage vibration reduction structure of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the multi-stage vibration reduction structure of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the middle vibration damping pad, the second support sleeve, the first bolt, and the first nut.

[0020] The reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 1-System hanger; 2-First vibration damping pad body; 3-Hanging bolt; 4-Washer; 5-Hanging nut; 6-Metal insert; 7-Cylindrical part; 8-Plate part; 9-First bolt; 10-Vibration damping pad; 11-First nut; 12-First support sleeve; 13-Second vibration damping pad; 14-First vibration damping part; 15-Second vibration damping part; 16-Connecting sleeve; 17-First vibration damping pad; 18-Upper cover plate; 19-Second support sleeve; 20-Mounting plate; 21-First mounting part; 22-Second mounting part; 23-Groove; 24-Fixing hole; 25-Air compressor bracket; 26-Washer body; 27-Protrusion; 28-Through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] This embodiment discloses a multi-stage vibration reduction structure; see [link / reference]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 It includes: a first damping pad 17 located below the system hanger 1, the first damping pad 17 including a first damping pad body 2, the inner and outer walls of the first damping pad body 2 being integrally formed with a metal insert 6 and a connecting sleeve 16 respectively; a second damping pad 13, at least part of the second damping pad 13 being located above the system hanger 1; and a mounting bolt 3, which passes through the second damping pad 13, the system hanger 1, the metal insert 6 and the washer 4 from top to bottom and is threadedly connected to the mounting nut 5 located below the washer 4.

[0024] In this embodiment, the first vibration damping pad 17 is integrally formed from the first vibration damping pad body 2, the metal insert 6, and the connecting sleeve 16. Preferably, the inner wall of the first vibration damping pad body 2 and the metal insert 6 are vulcanized together, and the outer wall of the first vibration damping pad body 2 and the connecting sleeve 16 are vulcanized together. The first vibration damping pad body 2 is made of an elastic material, preferably rubber, and is used to absorb vibration energy. The metal insert 6 and the connecting sleeve 16 are made of one of the following materials: stainless steel, carbon steel, copper alloy, or aluminum alloy. The metal insert 6 supports the first vibration damping pad body 2, allowing the mounting bolt 3 and mounting nut 5 to be locked, and preventing the first vibration damping pad body 2 from breaking under pressure exceeding its elastic deformation. The connecting sleeve 16 is used to connect with the air compressor bracket 25 and bear the weight of the air compressor. The connection method between the connecting sleeve 16 and the air compressor bracket 25 will be described in detail later and will not be discussed here.

[0025] The structure of the first damping pad 17 can vary; it can be cylindrical or inverted bowl-shaped. Preferably, the first damping pad 17 is inverted bowl-shaped. The metal insert 6 has a through hole 28 through which the mounting bolt 3 passes. Preferably, the through hole 28 is inverted bowl-shaped. The top of the metal insert 6 is slightly lower than the top of the first damping pad body 2, and the top of the connecting sleeve 16 is lower than the top of the metal insert 6, so that when the first damping pad 17 is compressed, the first damping pad body 2 is always in contact with the system hanger 1.

[0026] At least a portion of the second vibration damping pad 13 is located above the system hanger 1. This can be either entirely above the system hanger 1, or a portion of the second vibration damping pad 13 is located above the system hanger 1, with the remaining portion located within the fixing hole 24. The structure of the second vibration damping pad 13 is not specifically limited, but it must at least include an elastic structure made of elastic material.

[0027] In this embodiment, the gasket 4 is made of one of the following materials: iron, aluminum, stainless steel, carbon steel, copper alloy or aluminum alloy. Preferably, the gasket 4 includes a gasket body 26 and a protrusion 27 that protrudes from the gasket body 26 along the axial direction of the gasket body 26. The protrusion 27 extends into the through hole 28 of the metal insert 6 and preferably contacts the side wall of the through hole 28 of the metal insert 6.

[0028] The air compressor is installed on the rail vehicle by means of suspension. Specifically, the air compressor is connected to the first vibration damping pad 17 through the air compressor bracket 25. The mounting bolt 3 and mounting nut 5 cooperate to connect the first vibration damping pad 17, the second vibration damping pad 13 and the system hanger 1 together, so that the first vibration damping pad 17 and the second vibration damping pad 13 respectively abut against the system hanger 1.

[0029] When the vibration of the air compressor is transmitted to the first damping pad 17, the first damping pad 17 absorbs a portion of the vibration energy and then transmits the remaining vibration to the system hanger 1 and the second damping pad 13. The second damping pad 13 further absorbs the vibration energy, reducing the vibration of the system hanger 1. This embodiment ensures that the vibration of the air compressor undergoes two stages of damping during transmission to the system hanger 1, thus improving the vibration reduction effect.

[0030] Further, see Figure 2 The system hanger 1 has a fixing hole 24 through which the mounting bolt 3 passes; the second damping pad 13 includes a second damping pad body, which includes a first damping part 14 and a second damping part 15 that are coaxially arranged and connected to each other; the first damping part 14 is located above the system hanger 1, and the four edges of the first damping part 14 are set to extend beyond the fixing hole 24, and the second damping part 15 is disposed in the fixing hole 24.

[0031] In this embodiment, the first damping part 14 and the second damping part 15 are coaxial and interconnected. Preferably, the first damping part 14 and the second damping part 15 are integrally formed. A second hole is formed on the second damping pad through which the mounting bolt 3 passes. The structures of the first damping part 14 and the second damping part 15 are varied. Preferably, the first damping part 14 has an outer wall with an interlocking uneven cylindrical shape, and the second damping part 15 has a cylindrical structure.

[0032] The first vibration damping part 14 is located above the system hanger 1. The four edges of the first vibration damping part 14 are set to extend beyond the fixing hole 24, so that the first vibration damping part 14 can cover the fixing hole 24 and abut against the upper surface of the system hanger 1. The first vibration damping part 14 can absorb the vibration energy of the system hanger 1.

[0033] The second vibration damping part 15 is disposed in the fixing hole 24. The second vibration damping part 15 surrounds the periphery of the mounting bolt 3 and is located between the mounting bolt 3 and the system hanger 1. When the second vibration damping part 15 abuts against the side wall of the fixing hole 24, the second vibration damping part 15 absorbs the vibration energy of the system hanger 1 on the one hand, and avoids the system hanger 1 from colliding with the mounting bolt 3 when vibrating on the other hand.

[0034] Further, see Figure 2 The second damping pad 13 also includes a mounting plate 20 integrally formed with the main body of the second damping pad. The mounting plate 20 includes a first mounting part 21 located below the first damping part 14 and a second mounting part 22 located in the fixing hole 24. The four edges of the first mounting part 21 are set to extend beyond the first damping part 14, and the first mounting part 21 is connected to the system hanger 1.

[0035] In this embodiment, the mounting plate 20 and the second damping pad body are integrally formed. Preferably, the mounting plate 20 and the second damping pad body are vulcanized into one piece. The structure of the mounting plate 20 varies. Preferably, the first mounting part 21 and the second mounting part 22 are coaxial and integrally formed. The second mounting part 22 is disposed in the fixing hole 24, which means that the second mounting part 22 is located between the system hanger 1 and the second damping part 15.

[0036] The four edges of the first mounting part 21 are set to extend beyond the first vibration damping part 14. The first mounting part 21 is connected to the system hanger 1. The connection method can be welding or bolt connection. Preferably, the first mounting part 21, whose four edges extend beyond the first vibration damping part 14, is connected to the system hanger 1 by bolts.

[0037] In this embodiment, by setting an mounting plate 20 integrally formed with the second vibration damping pad body, and the mounting plate 20 being located between the second vibration damping pad body and the system hanger 1, the strength and corrosion resistance of the second vibration damping pad body are improved, thereby increasing the service life of the second vibration damping pad body.

[0038] Further, see Figure 2 The multi-stage vibration reduction structure also includes a first support sleeve 12 sleeved around the mounting bolt 3. The first support sleeve 12 is located between the second vibration damping pad 13 and the mounting bolt 3, and the height of the first support sleeve 12 is slightly less than the height of the second vibration damping pad 13.

[0039] In this embodiment, the height of the first support sleeve 12 is slightly less than the height of the second damping pad 13. The first support sleeve 12 is used to support the second damping pad 13, so that the second damping pad 13 will not be subjected to pressure exceeding its elastic deformation and thus break. On the other hand, when the mounting bolt 3 and the mounting nut 5 are tightened, the lower end of the first support sleeve 12 abuts against the metal insert 6, and the first damping pad 17 and the second damping pad 13 partially contact each other and may even partially compress each other.

[0040] The first support sleeve 12 is independent of the second damping pad 13, that is, there is no connection between the first support sleeve 12 and the second damping pad 13, so that when the mounting bolt 3 and the mounting nut 5 are tightened, there is no torsional deformation between the first support sleeve 12 and the second damping pad 13.

[0041] Further, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The multi-stage vibration reduction structure also includes an upper cover plate 18 sleeved around the mounting bolt 3. The upper cover plate 18 is located between the head of the mounting bolt 3 and the second vibration damping pad 13, and the four edges of the upper cover plate 18 extend beyond the second vibration damping pad 13.

[0042] In this embodiment, when the mounting bolt 3 and mounting nut 5 are tightened or the air compressor is fixed, from top to bottom, the upper cover plate 18 abuts against the first support sleeve 12, the first support sleeve 12 abuts against the metal insert 6, and the metal insert 6 abuts against the gasket 4. Through the cooperation between the upper cover plate 18, the first support sleeve 12, the metal insert 6 and the gasket 4, the mounting bolt 3 and mounting nut 5 are tightened, and at the same time, the first damping pad body 2 and the second damping pad body will not break due to the pressure exceeding their elastic deformation range.

[0043] The edges of the upper cover plate 18 extend beyond the second damping pad 13, so that the second damping pad 13 can maintain a large contact area with the upper cover plate 18 when it is compressed, thereby reducing the pressure on the second damping pad 13.

[0044] Further, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The connecting sleeve 16 includes a cylindrical part 7 integrally formed with the outer wall of the first damping pad body 2 and a flat plate part 8 extending outward in the circumferential direction at the bottom end of the cylindrical part 7; the first bolt 9 passes through the damping pad 10, the flat plate part 8 and the air compressor bracket 25 and is threadedly connected to the first nut 11. Damping pads 10 are provided between the head of the first bolt 9 and the flat plate part 8 and between the first nut 11 and the air compressor bracket 25.

[0045] In this embodiment, the cylindrical part 7 and the flat part 8 are integrally formed. The inner wall of the cylindrical part 7 is vulcanized with the outer wall of the first damping pad body 2. The top of the cylindrical part 7 is lower than the top of the metal insert 6.

[0046] The vibration of the air compressor is transmitted to the air compressor bracket 25, where the vibration damping pad 10 between the first nut 11 and the air compressor bracket 25 absorbs some of the vibration energy. The vibration of the air compressor bracket 25 is transmitted to the flat plate 8, where the vibration damping pad 10 between the head of the first bolt 9 and the flat plate 8 absorbs some of the vibration energy. During the transmission of vibration from the air compressor bracket 25 to the flat plate 8, the vibration damping pad 10 plays a role in vibration reduction.

[0047] Further, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 A first mounting hole is formed on the flat plate 8 through which the first bolt 9 passes, and a second mounting hole is formed on the air compressor bracket 25 through which the first bolt 9 passes. A second support sleeve 19 is provided in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole to surround the first bolt 9. The height of the second support sleeve 19 is greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the flat plate 8 and the air compressor bracket 25, but less than the sum of the thicknesses of the flat plate 8, the air compressor bracket 25, and the two vibration damping pads 10.

[0048] In this embodiment, by setting the height of the second support sleeve 19 to be greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the flat plate portion 8 and the air compressor bracket 25, the second support sleeve 19 supports the space within the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole. After the first bolt 9 and the first nut 11 are tightened, on the one hand, the second support sleeve 19 keeps the vibration damping pad 10 under a light compressive force, preventing the vibration damping pad 10 from breaking due to pressure exceeding its elastic deformation; on the other hand, the vibration damping pad 10 prevents the first bolt 9 from directly contacting the flat plate portion 8 and causing vibration, and prevents the first nut 11 from directly contacting the air compressor bracket 6 and causing vibration.

[0049] Further, see Figure 2 The upper end of the first damping pad body 2 is provided with a groove 23, which is recessed into the first damping pad body 2 along the direction from the system hanger 1 to the first damping pad body 2.

[0050] In this embodiment, the groove 23 is an annular structure with a cross-section that is close to a "V" shape. Providing the groove 23 on the first damping pad body 2 allows for greater deformation space inside the first damping pad body 2, effectively reducing the vibration amplitude of the first damping pad body 2. Furthermore, it reduces the rigidity of the first damping pad body 2 and improves its elasticity.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] This embodiment discloses an air compressor, which includes the multi-stage vibration damping structure described in Embodiment 1. In this embodiment, it is preferred that the number of the multi-stage vibration damping structure is four.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] This embodiment discloses a rail vehicle that includes the air compressor described in Embodiment 2.

[0055] During the transmission of vibration from the air compressor to system hanger 1, the vibration reduction process of the multi-stage vibration reduction structure is as follows:

[0056] When the vibration of the air compressor is transmitted to the air compressor bracket 25 and the plate section 8, the vibration damping pad 10 can absorb the vibration energy of the air compressor bracket 25 and the plate section 8, and the first-level vibration damping is achieved by setting the vibration damping pad 10.

[0057] When the vibration of the air compressor is transmitted to the first damping pad 17, the first damping pad 17 absorbs part of the vibration energy, and the first damping pad 17 achieves the second stage of vibration reduction.

[0058] When the vibration of the air compressor is transmitted to the second damping pad 13, the second damping pad 13 absorbs part of the vibration energy, and the second damping pad 13 achieves the third stage of vibration reduction.

[0059] This invention utilizes a multi-stage vibration damping structure to achieve three-stage series vibration damping during the transmission of air compressor vibration to the system hanger, resulting in better vibration damping than single-stage damping. Through three-stage damping, the pressure from vibration is distributed to each stage's damping pad or shim, extending its service life and reducing the occurrence of breakage, fatigue, and aging. Each stage's damping pad or shim bears pressure, meaning each stage's damping is a compression-variable type, avoiding the stretching of the rubber body and further improving the service life and reliability of the damping pad or shim. Furthermore, this invention's three-stage vibration damping structure is compact, and its installation method is the same as traditional methods, allowing it to directly replace traditional vibration damping structures.

Claims

1. A multi-stage vibration reduction structure, characterized in that, include: The first vibration damping pad (17) located below the system hanger (1) includes a first vibration damping pad body (2), and the inner and outer walls of the first vibration damping pad body (2) are integrally formed with a metal insert (6) and a connecting sleeve (16). The second damping pad (13), at least a portion of which is located above the system hanger (1); The mounting bolt (3) passes through the second damping pad (13), the system hanger (1), the metal insert (6) and the washer (4) from top to bottom and is threaded to the mounting nut (5) located below the washer (4).

2. The multi-stage vibration reduction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system hanger (1) has a fixing hole (24) through which the mounting bolt (3) passes. The second damping pad (13) includes a second damping pad body, which includes a first damping part (14) and a second damping part (15) that are coaxially arranged and connected to each other. The first vibration damping part (14) is located above the system hanger (1), and the four edges of the first vibration damping part (14) are set to extend beyond the fixing hole (24). The second vibration damping part (15) is disposed in the fixing hole (24).

3. The multi-stage vibration reduction structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second damping pad (13) also includes a mounting plate (20) integrally formed with the second damping pad body. The mounting plate (20) includes a first mounting part (21) located below the first damping part (14) and a second mounting part (22) located in the fixing hole (24). The four edges of the first mounting part (21) are set to extend beyond the first vibration damping part (14), and the first mounting part (21) is connected to the system hanger (1).

4. The multi-stage vibration reduction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first support sleeve (12) sleeved around the mounting bolt (3), the first support sleeve (12) being located between the second damping pad (13) and the mounting bolt (3), and the height of the first support sleeve (12) being slightly less than the height of the second damping pad (13).

5. The multi-stage vibration reduction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an upper cover plate (18) sleeved around the mounting bolt (3), the upper cover plate (18) being located between the head of the mounting bolt (3) and the second vibration damping pad (13), and the four edges of the upper cover plate (18) extending beyond the second vibration damping pad (13).

6. The multi-stage vibration reduction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting sleeve (16) includes a cylindrical part (7) integrally formed with the outer wall of the first damping pad body (2) and a flat plate part (8) extending outward in the circumferential direction at the bottom end of the cylindrical part (7). The first bolt (9) passes through the vibration damping pad (10), the flat plate (8) and the air compressor bracket (25) and is threaded to the first nut (11). The vibration damping pad (10) is provided between the head of the first bolt (9) and the flat plate (8) and between the first nut (11) and the air compressor bracket (25).

7. The multi-stage vibration reduction structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The flat plate (8) has a first mounting hole through which the first bolt (9) passes, and the air compressor bracket (25) has a second mounting hole through which the first bolt (9) passes. A second support sleeve (19) is provided in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole to surround the first bolt (9). The height of the second support sleeve (19) is greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the flat plate (8) and the air compressor bracket (25), but less than the sum of the thicknesses of the flat plate (8), the air compressor bracket (25), and the two vibration damping pads (10).

8. The multi-stage vibration reduction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the first damping pad body (2) is provided with a groove (23), and the groove (23) is recessed into the first damping pad body (2) along the direction of the system hanger (1) pointing to the first damping pad body (2).

9. An air compressor, characterized in that, Includes the multi-stage vibration reduction structure described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A rail vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the air compressor described in claim 9.

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