High-elastic damping composite asphalt material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-elastic damping composite asphalt material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the crossing field of road engineering and a new energy technology. The high-elastic damping composite asphalt material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of matrix asphalt, 4.4 to 4.6 parts of rock asphalt, 4.3 to 8.2 parts of rubber and 5.3 to 5.5 parts of SBS (Styrene Butadiene Styrene) modifier. The high-elastic damping composite asphalt material has high-temperature stability, high damping performance, vibration absorbability, low-temperature toughness and environmental durability, stress buffering and energy dissipation of a photovoltaic structure system can be achieved, load damage to a photovoltaic module is effectively relieved, the fatigue resistance and vibration reduction capacity of a photovoltaic road are remarkably improved, and the service life of the photovoltaic road is prolonged. And thus, the overall service performance and life cycle of the photovoltaic road are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the intersection of road engineering and new energy technologies, and in particular to a high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] "Photovoltaic roads" are a new generation of integrated transportation and energy systems. By embedding photovoltaic modules into the road surface, they enable solar power generation on the road surface, offering multiple benefits such as energy conservation, environmental protection, on-site power generation, and intelligent transportation. Currently, pilot projects are underway in airport runways, highway service areas, and industrial park sidewalks. However, photovoltaic roads differ significantly from traditional roads in structural design and performance requirements. Besides bearing vehicle loads, photovoltaic pavements must also ensure the structural integrity, electrical safety, and energy efficiency stability of the photovoltaic modules. Especially in the subbase or "damping layer" beneath the photovoltaic modules, a material system that combines flexible buffering and load-bearing capacity must be selected to reduce structural stress concentration and module fatigue damage caused by external excitations such as vehicle loads and thermal expansion and contraction.

[0003] The existing photovoltaic road damping layer material system mostly adopts traditional asphalt or cement concrete paving. Although some research and testing of photovoltaic road paving materials have been carried out, the following problems still exist in terms of structural synergy, functional compositeness and environmental adaptability: (1) The damping performance is insufficient to meet the protection requirements of photovoltaic modules. Traditional SBS modified asphalt still softens under high temperature conditions and is difficult to maintain effective elastic support for a long time. Especially under the low speed and high frequency vibration of large vehicles, it is easy to cause vertical energy concentration, which will accelerate the aging or failure of photovoltaic panels; (2) The structure has poor rigidity and flexibility matching and poor fatigue performance. If rigid base materials (such as asphalt concrete, cement stabilized base) are used, the load-bearing capacity may be improved, but the overall structural stiffness is too high, which makes it difficult to effectively coordinate deformation during temperature difference or load change. It is easy to generate shear stress concentration and microcrack propagation, weaken the interface between photovoltaic modules and road structure, and have weak energy absorption; (3) The material system is single and the functional integration is not high. Currently, most single modification technologies are used, such as using only rubber powder or SBS modifiers, which fail to take into account multiple indicators such as structural rigidity, elastic recovery ability and vibration damping performance, making it difficult to meet the requirements of "high durability + high comfort + low damage" in composite use scenarios; (4) Insufficient environmental adaptability and long-term stability. Some asphalt composite materials have poor stability under extreme climatic conditions such as high and low temperature cycles, freeze-thaw cycles, and salt freezing, and are prone to aging, debonding, water seepage and other problems, which further affect the photovoltaic power generation efficiency and road service life. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material, its preparation method, and its application, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: One of the technical solutions of the present invention is a high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of base asphalt, 4.4 to 4.6 parts of rock asphalt, 4.3 to 8.2 parts of rubber, and 5.3 to 5.5 parts of SBS modifier.

[0006] The high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material of this invention utilizes a scientific ratio and complementary functions of rock asphalt, rubber (rubber powder), and SBS modifier to construct a multifunctional damping structure that combines high-temperature stability, high damping performance, vibration absorption, and low-temperature toughness. This significantly improves the overall mechanical properties and service reliability of photovoltaic pavements. The specific synergistic mechanism is as follows: Rock asphalt is a natural mineral-based rigid material with a high softening point, dense microcrystalline structure, strong high-temperature resistance, and good oxidation resistance. In composite asphalt materials, rock asphalt mainly serves as a high-temperature skeleton support and structural reinforcement, significantly improving the deformation resistance and shear strength of composite asphalt materials under high-temperature loads, ensuring the stability of the pavement interlayer structure and the load-bearing safety of photovoltaic modules.

[0007] Rubber is an elastic material with excellent viscoelasticity, toughness and energy dissipation capacity. In composite asphalt materials, it mainly serves as a vibration damping and impact absorption unit. Under vehicle load, it can release strain energy through the movement of internal molecular chains, realize multi-scale hysteretic energy dissipation, improve the fatigue resistance and comfort of composite asphalt materials, and at the same time improve the crack resistance and flexible response of composite asphalt materials.

[0008] SBS modifier (styrene-butadiene-styrene), as a thermoplastic elastomer, is mainly used to improve compatibility and enhance low-temperature performance. Although its contribution to viscoelasticity is not as prominent as that of rubber, SBS modifier can form a flexible elastic network under low-temperature conditions, effectively compensating for the performance degradation of rubber in cold environments, thereby enhancing the overall system's resistance to low-temperature cracking and structural toughness. Furthermore, SBS modifier can improve the dispersion uniformity between asphalt components, constructing a more stable interfacial structure. Rock asphalt and rubber represent a coupling interface between rigid and elastic materials; if they coexist directly, stress concentration is easily generated at the interface. The introduction of SBS modifier regulates the interfacial compatibility of these two types of components at the molecular scale, forming a good cementing network and reducing interfacial delamination and microcrack formation.

[0009] The base asphalt plays a fundamental bonding and skeleton role in this composite asphalt material. It serves as the dispersion medium and thermodynamic platform for the entire composite system, providing a stable environment for the uniform distribution of rock asphalt, rubber, and SBS modifier, and ensuring that the material system possesses appropriate rheological properties and construction adaptability.

[0010] The three components—rock asphalt, rubber, and SBS modifier—complement each other, forming a composite system that possesses both structural strength and cushioning properties, while also adapting to changes in high and low temperatures. This significantly improves the material's durability and comfort. The base asphalt, as a continuous phase material, runs throughout the entire damping composite system, acting as a binder, synergist, and load-bearing agent for the other components, ensuring overall balance in mechanical properties and engineering practicality. Ultimately, this material system achieves the comprehensive performance goals of "no softening at high temperatures, no brittleness at low temperatures, and vibration dissipation."

[0011] Furthermore, the rubber includes one or more of waste tire rubber, nitrile rubber, and EPDM rubber.

[0012] Furthermore, the rubber includes recycled tire rubber.

[0013] The second technical solution of the present invention: a method for preparing the above-mentioned high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material, comprising the following steps: The base asphalt is melted and then added to other raw materials, and mixed evenly to obtain the high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material.

[0014] Furthermore, the preparation method of the high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material includes the following steps: melting the base asphalt and adding rock asphalt, initially dispersing it and then adding rubber, mixing it evenly and heating it up, adding SBS modifier, and shearing and dispersing it to obtain the high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material.

[0015] Furthermore, the melting temperature is 165~175℃.

[0016] Furthermore, the initial dispersion is carried out at a rotation speed of 3000 rpm for a time of ≥30 min.

[0017] Furthermore, the heating after uniform mixing includes: stirring at 3000 rpm for 30 minutes at 175~180℃ and then heating to 180~190℃.

[0018] Furthermore, the shear dispersion is performed at a rotation speed of 3000 rpm for a duration of 60 min.

[0019] Furthermore, the rubber has a particle size of 150 mesh.

[0020] This invention first heats and melts the base asphalt, then adds rock asphalt, rubber, and SBS modifier, and stirs to obtain a high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material with good energy absorption effect that can be used for photovoltaic structure pavement.

[0021] The third technical solution of the present invention: the application of the above-mentioned high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material in photovoltaic road construction.

[0022] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: (1) The high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material of the present invention has high temperature stability, high damping performance, vibration absorption, low temperature toughness and environmental durability. It can realize stress buffering and energy dissipation of photovoltaic structure system, effectively alleviate the damage of photovoltaic modules under load, significantly improve the fatigue resistance and vibration reduction capability of photovoltaic road, and thus significantly improve the overall service performance and life cycle of photovoltaic road.

[0023] (2) The high elasticity damping composite asphalt material of the present invention is given high elasticity by rubber powder, provides a rigid and tough skeleton by rock asphalt, and improves viscoelastic matching by SBS modification. Thus, while bearing photovoltaic panels and sharing traffic loads, it has good dynamic energy absorption and buffering capabilities, which can significantly improve the overall structural stability and service durability of photovoltaic pavement system.

[0024] (3) When the high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material of the present invention is subjected to load excitation, it can convert part of the mechanical vibration energy into heat energy and dissipate it through the viscoelastic response mechanism of its internal molecular chain, thereby realizing the energy absorption and attenuation function and having a good energy absorption effect.

[0025] (3) The high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material of the present invention has a moderately rigid and flexible structure, strong thermal stability, and high process adaptability. It can be prepared on existing asphalt mixing equipment, which is conducive to its promotion and application. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 A physical image of the high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material prepared in Comparative Example 2; Figure 2 A photograph of a damping layer specimen prepared from the high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material prepared in Example 4, taken as a physical sample for a single rolling test. Figure 3 The image shows a physical specimen of the damping layer prepared from the high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material prepared in Example 4 after a single rolling process. Figure 4 A photograph of a car wheel that has been held vertically on a damping layer specimen made of the high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material of Example 4 for 24 hours. Figure 5 The image shows a car wheel that was parked vertically on a damping layer specimen made of the high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material of Example 4 for 24 hours, and then left to stand for 24 hours after the load was removed. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0030] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0031] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be apparent to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0032] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0033] It should be noted that any aspects not described in detail in this invention are conventional practices in the field and are not the focus of this invention.

[0034] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the base asphalt used has a CAS number of 8052-42-4; the rubber includes one or more of waste tire rubber, nitrile rubber, and EPDM rubber; the SBS modifier is YH-792 or a similar product, which has good shear dispersion properties.

[0035] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the waste tire rubber is mainly composed of natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), and butadiene rubber (BR), accounting for 8% to 20%.

[0036] In the specific embodiments of this invention, all raw materials are stored under dry and ventilated conditions to prevent moisture absorption.

[0037] In the following examples, "parts" refers to "parts by weight".

[0038] Example 1 A method for preparing a highly elastic damping composite asphalt material suitable for photovoltaic pavement structures: (1) Pre-crush the rock asphalt and sieve it to ≤2mm, then dry it to obtain dry rock asphalt particles; Waste tire rubber is ground to 150 mesh and dried to obtain dry rubber powder; The high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 kg of base asphalt (CAS No.: 8052-42-4), 5 kg of rock asphalt particles, 5 kg of rubber powder (150 mesh), and 6 kg of SBS modifier (YH-792).

[0039] (2) Heat the base asphalt to 170°C and keep it in a molten state. First, add rock asphalt particles and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to achieve initial dispersion. Then, heat to 175~180°C, add rubber powder, stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min, then heat to 180~190°C, add SBS modifier, and continuously shear and stir at 3000 rpm for 60 min to allow SBS to fully swell and disperse into the asphalt system, forming a stable network structure, and obtain a high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material.

[0040] Example 2 A method for preparing a highly elastic damping composite asphalt material suitable for photovoltaic pavement structures: (1) Pre-crush the rock asphalt and sieve it to ≤2mm, then dry it to obtain dry rock asphalt particles; Waste tire rubber is ground to 150 mesh and dried to obtain dry rubber powder; The high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 kg of base asphalt (CAS No.: 8052-42-4), 5 kg of rock asphalt particles, 10 kg of rubber powder (150 mesh), and 6 kg of SBS modifier (YH-792).

[0041] (2) Heat the base asphalt to 170°C and keep it in a molten state. First, add rock asphalt particles and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to achieve initial dispersion. Then, heat to 175~180°C, add rubber powder, stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min, then heat to 180~190°C, add SBS modifier, and continuously shear and stir at 3000 rpm for 60 min to allow SBS to fully swell and disperse into the asphalt system, forming a stable network structure, and obtain a high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material.

[0042] Example 3 A method for preparing a highly elastic damping composite asphalt material suitable for photovoltaic pavement structures: (1) Pre-crush the rock asphalt and sieve it to ≤2mm, then dry it to obtain dry rock asphalt particles; Waste tire rubber is ground to 150 mesh and dried to obtain dry rubber powder; The high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 kg of base asphalt (CAS No.: 8052-42-4), 4.4 kg of rock asphalt particles, 8.2 kg of rubber powder (150 mesh), and 5.3 kg of SBS modifier (YH-792).

[0043] (2) Heat the base asphalt to 170°C and keep it in a molten state. First, add rock asphalt particles and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to achieve initial dispersion. Then, heat to 175~180°C, add rubber powder, stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min, then heat to 180~190°C, add SBS modifier, and continuously shear and stir at 3000 rpm for 60 min to allow SBS to fully swell and disperse into the asphalt system, forming a stable network structure, and obtain a high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material.

[0044] Example 4 A method for preparing a highly elastic damping composite asphalt material suitable for photovoltaic pavement structures: (1) Pre-crush the rock asphalt and sieve it to ≤2mm, then dry it to obtain dry rock asphalt particles; Waste tire rubber is ground to 150 mesh and dried to obtain dry rubber powder; The high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 kg of base asphalt (CAS No.: 8052-42-4), 4.6 kg of rock asphalt particles, 4.3 kg of rubber powder (150 mesh), and 5.5 kg of SBS modifier (YH-792).

[0045] (2) Heat the base asphalt to 170°C and keep it in a molten state. First, add rock asphalt particles and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to achieve initial dispersion. Then, heat to 175~180°C, add rubber powder, stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min, then heat to 180~190°C, add SBS modifier, and continuously shear and stir at 3000 rpm for 60 min to allow SBS to fully swell and disperse into the asphalt system, forming a stable network structure, and obtain a high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material.

[0046] Comparative Example 1 A method for preparing a highly elastic damping composite asphalt material suitable for photovoltaic pavement structures: (1) Pre-crush the rock asphalt and sieve it to ≤2mm, then dry it to obtain dry rock asphalt particles; The high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 kg of base asphalt (CAS No.: 8052-42-4), 4.8 kg of rock asphalt particles, and 5.7 kg of SBS modifier (YH-792).

[0047] (2) Heat the base asphalt to 170°C and keep it in a molten state. First, add rock asphalt particles and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to achieve initial dispersion. Then, raise the temperature to 180~190°C, add SBS modifier, and continuously shear and stir at 3000 rpm for 60 min to allow SBS to fully swell and disperse into the asphalt system, forming a stable network structure to obtain a high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material.

[0048] Comparative Example 2 A method for preparing a highly elastic damping composite asphalt material suitable for photovoltaic pavement structures: (1) Pre-crush the rock asphalt and sieve it to ≤2mm, then dry it to obtain dry rock asphalt particles; Waste tire rubber is ground to 150 mesh and dried to obtain dry rubber powder; The high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 kg of base asphalt (CAS No.: 8052-42-4), 20 kg of rock asphalt particles, and 20 kg of rubber powder (150 mesh).

[0049] (2) Heat the base asphalt to 170°C and keep it in a molten state. First, add rock asphalt particles and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to achieve initial dispersion. Then, heat to 175~180°C, add rubber powder, and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to obtain high elastic damping composite asphalt material.

[0050] A physical image of the high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material prepared in this comparative example is shown below. Figure 1 .

[0051] from Figure 1 As can be seen from this, the high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material in this embodiment cannot be molded and cannot form a uniform and stable material.

[0052] Comparative Example 3 A method for preparing a highly elastic damping composite asphalt material suitable for photovoltaic pavement structures: (1) Pre-crush the rock asphalt and sieve it to ≤2mm, then dry it to obtain dry rock asphalt particles; Waste tire rubber is ground to 150 mesh and dried to obtain dry rubber powder; The high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 kg of base asphalt (CAS No.: 8052-42-4), 20 kg of rock asphalt particles, and 10 kg of rubber powder (150 mesh).

[0053] (2) Heat the base asphalt to 170°C and keep it in a molten state. First, add rock asphalt particles and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to achieve initial dispersion. Then, heat to 175~180°C, add rubber powder, and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to obtain high elastic damping composite asphalt material.

[0054] Comparative Example 4 A method for preparing a highly elastic damping composite asphalt material suitable for photovoltaic pavement structures: (1) Pre-crush the rock asphalt and sieve it to ≤2mm, then dry it to obtain dry rock asphalt particles; Waste tire rubber is ground to 150 mesh and dried to obtain dry rubber powder; The high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 kg of base asphalt (CAS No.: 8052-42-4), 20 kg of rock asphalt particles, and 5 kg of rubber powder (150 mesh).

[0055] (2) Heat the base asphalt to 170°C and keep it in a molten state. First, add rock asphalt particles and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to achieve initial dispersion. Then, heat to 175~180°C, add rubber powder, and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to obtain high elastic damping composite asphalt material.

[0056] Comparative Example 5 A method for preparing a highly elastic damping composite asphalt material suitable for photovoltaic pavement structures: (1) Pre-crush the rock asphalt and sieve it to ≤2mm, then dry it to obtain dry rock asphalt particles; Waste tire rubber is ground to 150 mesh and dried to obtain dry rubber powder; The high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 kg of base asphalt (CAS No.: 8052-42-4), 10 kg of rock asphalt particles, and 20 kg of rubber powder (150 mesh).

[0057] (2) Heat the base asphalt to 170°C and keep it in a molten state. First, add rock asphalt particles and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to achieve initial dispersion. Then, heat to 175~180°C, add rubber powder, and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to obtain high elastic damping composite asphalt material.

[0058] Comparative Example 6 A method for preparing a highly elastic damping composite asphalt material suitable for photovoltaic pavement structures: (1) Pre-crush the rock asphalt and sieve it to ≤2mm, then dry it to obtain dry rock asphalt particles; Waste tire rubber is ground to 150 mesh and dried to obtain dry rubber powder; The high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 kg of base asphalt (CAS No.: 8052-42-4), 10 kg of rock asphalt particles, and 15 kg of rubber powder (150 mesh).

[0059] (2) Heat the base asphalt to 170°C and keep it in a molten state. First, add rock asphalt particles and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to achieve initial dispersion. Then, heat to 175~180°C, add rubber powder, and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to obtain high elastic damping composite asphalt material.

[0060] Comparative Example 7 A method for preparing a highly elastic damping composite asphalt material suitable for photovoltaic pavement structures: (1) Pre-crush the rock asphalt and sieve it to ≤2mm, then dry it to obtain dry rock asphalt particles; Waste tire rubber is ground to 150 mesh and dried to obtain dry rubber powder; The high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 kg of base asphalt (CAS No.: 8052-42-4), 10 kg of rock asphalt particles, and 5 kg of rubber powder (150 mesh).

[0061] (2) Heat the base asphalt to 170°C and keep it in a molten state. First, add rock asphalt particles and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to achieve initial dispersion. Then, heat to 175~180°C, add rubber powder, and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to obtain high elastic damping composite asphalt material.

[0062] Comparative Example 8 A method for preparing a highly elastic damping composite asphalt material suitable for photovoltaic pavement structures: (1) Grind the waste tire rubber to 150 mesh, dry it, and obtain dry rubber powder; The high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 kg of base asphalt (CAS No.: 8052-42-4) and 20 kg of rubber powder (150 mesh).

[0063] (2) Heat the base asphalt to 175~180℃ and keep it in a molten state, add rubber powder, stir at 3000rpm for 30min to obtain a high elastic damping composite asphalt material.

[0064] Comparative Example 9 A method for preparing a highly elastic damping composite asphalt material suitable for photovoltaic pavement structures: (1) Pre-crush the rock asphalt and sieve it to ≤2mm, then dry it to obtain dry rock asphalt particles; Waste tire rubber is ground to 150 mesh and dried to obtain dry rubber powder; The high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 kg of base asphalt (CAS No.: 8052-42-4), 5 kg of rock asphalt particles, and 5 kg of rubber powder (150 mesh).

[0065] (2) Heat the base asphalt to 170°C and keep it in a molten state. First, add rock asphalt particles and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to achieve initial dispersion. Then, heat to 175~180°C, add rubber powder, and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to obtain high elastic damping composite asphalt material.

[0066] Comparative Example 10 A method for preparing a highly elastic damping composite asphalt material suitable for photovoltaic pavement structures: (1) Pre-crush the rock asphalt and sieve it to ≤2mm, then dry it to obtain dry rock asphalt particles; Waste tire rubber is ground to 150 mesh and dried to obtain dry rubber powder; The high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 kg of base asphalt (CAS No.: 8052-42-4), 5 kg of rock asphalt particles, and 10 kg of rubber powder (150 mesh).

[0067] (2) Heat the base asphalt to 170°C and keep it in a molten state. First, add rock asphalt particles and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to achieve initial dispersion. Then, heat to 175~180°C, add rubber powder, and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to obtain high elastic damping composite asphalt material.

[0068] Comparative Example 11 (1) Pre-crush the rock asphalt and sieve it to ≤2mm, then dry it to obtain dry rock asphalt particles; Waste tire rubber is ground to 150 mesh and dried to obtain dry rubber powder; The high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 kg of base asphalt (CAS No.: 8052-42-4), 5 kg of rock asphalt particles, and 20 kg of rubber powder (150 mesh).

[0069] (2) Heat the base asphalt to 170°C and keep it in a molten state. First, add rock asphalt particles and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to achieve initial dispersion. Then, heat to 175~180°C, add rubber powder, and stir at 3000 rpm for 30 min to obtain high elastic damping composite asphalt material.

[0070] The performance of the high-elasticity damping composite asphalt materials prepared in the examples and comparative examples was tested in accordance with the experimental procedure JTGE20-2011 "Test Procedure for Asphalt and Asphalt Mixtures in Highway Engineering". The results are shown in Table 1.

[0071] Table 1 Performance test results of asphalt materials In Table 1, "-" indicates that the sample could not be formed.

[0072] Comparing Comparative Examples 2, 5, and 8, it was found that Comparative Examples 2 and 5 could not be molded, while Comparative Example 8 showed better molding results. This indicates that, in the absence of other additives (such as SBS), rubber powder and rock asphalt particles should not be added simultaneously in amounts exceeding 20%. This is because rock asphalt, due to its anti-aging properties, can increase the softening point, but mixing multiple components disrupts the original physical structure of the base asphalt, thus reducing the ductility value.

[0073] Comparative Examples 7 and 8 had lower softening points and poorer resistance to high-temperature aging.

[0074] Comparative Examples 1-4, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Examples 9-10 revealed that SBS modifier can significantly improve the low-temperature performance of asphalt materials, increase the softening point of the materials, and improve the high-temperature resistance of the materials.

[0075] Comparative examples 2 to 11 show that rubber powder can increase the softening point and reduce ductility and penetration.

[0076] Example of effect 1 Wheel crush and elastic recovery test (1) Single compaction test The high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material prepared in Example 4 was cast into a mold to obtain a damping layer specimen. The car wheel was driven over the damping layer test piece, with a single loading time of approximately 10 seconds.

[0077] See the actual image of the single compaction test. Figure 2 See the physical image of the damping layer specimen after a single compaction. Figure 3 .

[0078] Post-test observation revealed that the surface of the damping layer showed no obvious deformation, dents, or cracks; the surface was restored to its original integrity, the structural boundaries were clear, and there were no signs of fatigue; indicating that the material has good instantaneous stress dispersion and deformation resistance under short-term concentrated load.

[0079] (2) 24-hour continuous compaction and static recovery test The car wheels were placed perpendicularly on the damping layer specimen for 24 hours, then the load was removed, and the specimen was left to stand for another 24 hours. The morphology was then observed, and the results are shown below. Figure 4 and Figure 5 .

[0080] Figure 4 A photograph of a car wheel that has been perpendicularly stopped on a damping layer specimen for 24 hours. Figure 5 This is a photograph of the actual object after it has been unloaded and left to stand still for 24 hours.

[0081] from Figure 4 and Figure 5 As can be seen, after the car wheel was perpendicularly placed on the damping layer specimen for 24 hours, slight indentations and tire tread marks appeared in the loaded area of ​​the specimen, indicating that the material underwent some elastoplastic deformation under continuous load. After the load was removed and the specimen was left to stand for 24 hours, the indentations almost completely disappeared, and the surface contour was basically restored, indicating that the material has a strong time-dependent elastic recovery capability. This shows that the damping layer material not only has good instantaneous elasticity but also excellent delayed recovery capability (deformation hysteresis but reversible), which can release stress through time buffering.

[0082] The above results indicate that the damping layer material has good elasticity and plasticity, significant energy absorption capacity, and obvious application prospects in engineering.

[0083] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly elastic damping composite asphalt material, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 100 parts base bitumen, 4.4 to 4.6 parts rock bitumen, 4.3 to 8.2 parts rubber, and 5.3 to 5.5 parts SBS modifier.

2. The high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rubber includes one or more of waste tire rubber, nitrile rubber, and EPDM rubber.

3. A method for preparing the high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The base asphalt is melted and then added to other raw materials, and mixed evenly to obtain the high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: melting the base asphalt and adding rock asphalt, initially dispersing it and then adding rubber, mixing it evenly and heating it up, adding SBS modifier, and shearing and dispersing it to obtain the high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The melting temperature is 165~175℃.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The initial dispersion is carried out at a rotation speed of 3000 rpm for a time of ≥30 min.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heating after uniform mixing includes stirring at 3000 rpm for 30 minutes at 175~180℃, followed by heating to 180~190℃.

8. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The shear dispersion was performed at a rotation speed of 3000 rpm for 60 minutes.

9. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rubber has a particle size of 150 mesh.

10. The application of the high-elasticity damping composite asphalt material according to any one of claims 1 to 2 in the construction of photovoltaic roads.

Images