Speed reducer output end adaptive lubricating structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of reducer output end self-adapting lubricating structure, including the communication of output end lubricating cavity being communicated with the output end bearing being set on the output shaft of reducer;The output end oil storage cavity is also set on the output end side of the reducer, and the output end oil storage cavity is communicated with the output end lubricating cavity by output end oil channel;When the output end of the reducer starts to work at an angle, the oil surface of the output end oil storage cavity is higher than the oil surface of the output end lubricating cavity, and oil is supplied to the output end lubricating cavity through the output end oil channel, so that the lubrication of the output end bearing and output shaft of the reducer can be realized at each working angle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of speed reducers with elevation or depression angles, such as cutting speed reducers, and specifically relates to an adaptive lubrication structure at the output end of a speed reducer. Background Technology

[0002] During the operation of underground tunneling machines in coal mines, the cutting head needs to perform cutting operations at large elevation and depression angles. Especially when the cutting head is operating at an elevation angle, the output end of the cutting reducer is significantly higher than the input end, with the entire output end above the reducer's lubricating oil level. This insufficient lubrication at the output end causes bearing wear and damage. Existing reducers with elevation angle operation all suffer from insufficient lubrication issues. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides an adaptive lubrication structure for the output end of a speed reducer.

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is achieved in the following manner: a reducer output end adaptive lubrication structure, including an output end lubrication cavity communicating with an output end bearing disposed on the output shaft of the reducer; an output end oil storage cavity is also disposed on one side of the output end of the reducer, and the output end oil storage cavity and the output end lubrication cavity are connected through an output end oil passage; when the output end of the reducer starts to operate at an elevation angle, the oil level in the output end oil storage cavity is higher than the oil level in the output end lubrication cavity, and oil is supplied to the output end lubrication cavity through the output end oil passage.

[0005] The output end oil storage chamber is partly located below the center line of the reducer and partly located above the center line of the reducer; the output end oil passage is located below the center line of the reducer; the connection port between the output end lubrication chamber and the output end oil passage is located on the outer side of the output end lubrication chamber; when the reducer output end is operating at an elevation angle, the liquid level in the output end oil storage chamber is higher than the position of the connection port.

[0006] An output end bearing housing is provided on the output shaft of the reducer; the output end lubrication cavity is located between the inner hole of the output end bearing housing and the outer surface of the output shaft; a first plate is fixedly provided on the output end bearing housing; the first plate and the outer surface of the output end bearing housing form the output end oil storage cavity; an output end oil passage is provided on the output end bearing housing; the output end oil passage is located below the center line of the reducer.

[0007] The top of the oil storage chamber at the output end is provided with an opening that communicates with the internal space of the reducer.

[0008] The output end lubrication cavity is connected to the input end lubrication cavity, which is located on the input shaft of the reducer and communicates with the input end bearing on the input shaft.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, in this utility model, when the output end of the reducer is working at an elevation angle, the oil storage chamber at the output end provides oil lubrication to the output end; when it is working at a depression angle, the output end provides oil to the oil storage chamber at the output end; thus, the output end bearing and output shaft of the reducer can be lubricated at all working angles. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model (A is the output end, B is the input end).

[0011] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the lubrication cavity at the output end.

[0012] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the output terminal.

[0013] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model (A is the output end, B is the input end).

[0014] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the input terminal.

[0015] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lubrication cavity at the input end.

[0016] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the reducer in its depressed working state.

[0017] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the reducer's elevation angle operation.

[0018] Among them, 11 is the first plate, 12 is the output end oil storage cavity, 13 is the output end bearing seat, 14 is the output end oil passage, 15 is the output end bearing, 16 is the output end lubrication cavity, and 17 is the output shaft; 21 is the second plate, 22 is the input end oil storage cavity, 23 is the input end bearing seat, 24 is the input end oil passage, 25 is the input end bearing, 26 is the input end lubrication cavity, and 27 is the input shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0019] In this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the technical terms used in this application shall have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art. Terms such as "connected," "linked," "fixed," and "set" shall be interpreted broadly, referring to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; direct connections or indirect connections via an intermediate medium; mechanical connections or electrical connections. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," or "over" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," or "under" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature. Relational terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. The terms used in the description, such as “center,” “lateral,” “longitudinal,” “length,” “width,” “thickness,” “height,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “up,” “down,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” “outer,” “axial,” “radial,” “circumferential,” “clockwise,” and “counterclockwise,” indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0020] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Figures 1-8As shown, a speed reducer output end adaptive lubrication structure includes at least one output end bearing 15 disposed on the output shaft 17 of the speed reducer and an output end lubrication cavity 16 communicating with the output end bearing 15. The structure is characterized in that: an output end oil storage cavity 12 is also disposed on one side of the output end of the speed reducer, and the output end oil storage cavity 12 and the output end lubrication cavity 16 are connected through an output end oil passage 14; when the output end of the speed reducer begins to operate at an elevation angle, the oil level in the output end oil storage cavity 12 is higher than the oil level in the output end lubrication cavity 16, and oil is supplied to the output end lubrication cavity 16 through the output end oil passage 14. There may be one or more output end oil passages 14. When the speed reducer is in a horizontal position, the oil level in the output end lubrication cavity can ensure the lubrication of the output end bearing 15 and other components. After the oil levels in the output end oil storage cavity 12 and the output end lubrication cavity 16 are connected through the output end oil passage 14, they reach the same horizontal oil level after a period of time. When the reducer starts operating at an upward angle, the output end is in a high position, and the liquid level in the output end lubrication chamber 16 quickly drops below the horizontal liquid level. Since the output end oil storage chamber 12 generally holds a large amount of oil, and the liquid level between it and the output end lubrication chamber 16 is only connected through the output end oil passage 14, the liquid level changes slowly. Its liquid level will be higher than that of the output end lubrication chamber 16, creating a pressure difference. The output end oil storage chamber 12 supplies oil to the output end lubrication chamber 16 through the output end oil passage 14, lubricating the output end bearing 15 and output shaft 17. When the reducer starts operating at a downward angle, the output end is in a low position, and the liquid level in the output end lubrication chamber 16 rises above the horizontal liquid level. At this time, the liquid level in the output end oil storage chamber 12 is lower than that in the output end lubrication chamber 16; lubricating oil flows into the output end oil storage chamber 12 through the output end oil passage 14, or lubricating oil from within the reducer flows in from the top opening of the storage chamber, replenishing the lubricant. The position and size of the output end oil storage chamber 12 and the position and dimensions of the output end oil passage 14 are determined as needed, as long as the oil level in the output end oil storage chamber 12 is higher than the oil level in the output end lubrication chamber 16 when operating at an elevation angle. In this utility model, when the reducer output end is operating at an elevation angle, the output end oil storage chamber 12 replenishes oil to the output end lubrication chamber 16; when operating at a depression angle, the output end lubrication chamber 16 replenishes oil to the output end oil storage chamber 12; thus, lubrication of the output end bearing 15 and output shaft 17 of the reducer can be achieved at all operating angles.

[0021] The output end oil storage chamber 12 is partly located below the centerline of the reducer and partly located above the centerline of the reducer; the output end oil passage 14 is located below the centerline of the reducer; the connection port between the output end lubrication chamber 16 and the output end oil passage 14 is located on the outer side of the output end lubrication chamber 16; when the reducer operates at an elevation angle, the oil level in the output end oil storage chamber 12 is higher than the position of the connection port. Here, the centerline of the reducer generally coincides with the centerline of the output shaft 17. The outer side refers to the side closer to the protruding end of the output shaft 17, that is, the working end; when the reducer operates at an elevation angle, the outer side of the output end lubrication chamber 16 is at a higher position, and the inner side is relatively at a lower position. The output end oil passage 14 connects to the outer side of the output end lubrication chamber 16 to facilitate oil supply to the entire output end lubrication chamber 16 when the output end operates at an elevation angle.

[0022] An output end bearing seat 13 is provided on the output shaft 17 of the reducer; an output end lubrication cavity 16 is disposed between the inner hole of the output end bearing seat 13 and the outer surface of the output shaft 17; a first plate 11 is fixedly disposed on the output end bearing seat 13; the first plate 11 and the outer surface of the output end bearing seat 13 form the output end oil storage cavity 12; an output end oil passage 14 is provided on the output end bearing seat 13; the output end oil passage 14 is located below the center line of the reducer. The shape of the first plate 11 is not limited, as long as it serves the corresponding function. The output end oil passage 14 connects the bottom of the output end oil storage cavity 12 and the bottom of the output end lubrication cavity 16. The output end oil passage 14 can be inclined and pass through the output end bearing 15; the outer end of the output end lubrication cavity 16 is connected to the output end oil passage 14. The inner side of the output end bearing seat 13 is fixed to the housing of the reducer, and the outer side is fixed by an output end cover. In the specific structure, the first plate 11 is generally a barrel structure with one open end. A central hole is provided in the center, corresponding to the outer surface of the inner end of the output bearing seat 13. The open end of the barrel is connected to the adjacent side wall of the output bearing seat 13. The entire first plate 11 is located inside the reducer housing. The specific arrangement of the output bearing 15 and the output bearing seat 13 is prior art and will not be described in detail. Of course, other connection structures are also possible. The output oil storage chamber 12 can also be fixed at another position on the output shaft 17, all of which are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0023] The top of the output oil storage chamber 12 has an opening that communicates with the internal space of the reducer. After this connection, the internal air pressure of the output oil storage chamber 12 is consistent with the internal space of the reducer. This prevents air pressure or suction forces from being generated in the output oil storage chamber 12 during oil storage and discharge, which could affect the process. The output lubrication chamber 16 also communicates with the internal space of the reducer. During the oil replenishment stage, lubricating oil in the reducer space (not the lubricating oil in the output lubrication chamber 16) can also enter the output oil storage chamber 12 through the opening for replenishment. In the embodiment shown in the attached drawings, the opening is located at the upper end of the side wall of the barrel of the first plate 11.

[0024] The output lubrication chamber 16 is connected to the input lubrication chamber 26, which is located on the input shaft 27 of the reducer and communicates with the input bearing 25 on the input shaft 27. Specifically, a lubrication chamber is provided inside the reducer; the lubrication chamber includes the connected output lubrication chamber 16 and the input lubrication chamber 26; of course, depending on the different power transmission mechanisms between the input shaft 27 and the output shaft 17, there can also be intermediate lubrication chambers with different structures. The input lubrication chamber 26, the intermediate lubrication chamber, and the output lubrication chamber 16 are all connected. The output bearing 15 is located in the output lubrication chamber 16; the input bearing is located in the input lubrication chamber 26. The intermediate transmission component is located in the intermediate lubrication chamber. Therefore, when the output end is operating at an elevation angle, the lubricating oil in the output lubrication chamber 16 will flow into other lubrication chambers, causing the liquid level to drop. Of course, the scheme of lubrication chambers not being connected and lubricating individually is also within the protection scope of this utility model; in this case, when the output end is operating at an elevation angle, the liquid level will also drop, but the drop will be smaller.

[0025] In this invention, the diameter of the output oil passage 14 is determined according to actual needs. For example, the diameter of the output oil passage 14 is about 5 mm, which is much smaller than the single-side width of the output lubrication cavity 16 of the reducer, which is 40 to 60 mm. Here, the single-side width refers to the shortest distance between the output shaft 17 and the output bearing seat 13 on the same side. This ensures that oil storage and drainage can be achieved within a certain time when the gear is tilted or depressed.

[0026] Furthermore, the speed reducer, such as the cutting speed reducer, includes a coaxial input shaft 27 and an output shaft 17; the two are connected by a power transmission mechanism, such as a gear meshing structure, to achieve power transmission and speed reduction, such as a two-stage planetary gear transmission mechanism. The lubrication chambers within the speed reducer, the parts not described in this invention, are prior art, including the input lubrication chamber 26, the output lubrication chamber 16, and the lubrication chambers of the planetary gear train, etc., and these lubrication chambers are interconnected. The remaining structure of the speed reducer is prior art and will not be described in detail.

[0027] In practical implementation: When the output end of the reducer operates at an elevation angle, the input end of the reducer is in a low position. The output end lubrication chamber 16 is in a high position, and the lubricating oil in the output end lubrication chamber 16 flows to the low position, causing the liquid level in the output end lubrication chamber 16 to decrease. At this time, the output end oil storage chamber 12 replenishes oil into the output end lubrication chamber 16, solving the problem of insufficient lubrication at the output end.

[0028] When the reducer operates at a downward angle, the output end is in a low position and the input end is in a high position. The lubricating oil at the high position inside the reducer flows into the output end lubrication chamber 16, raising the oil level within the chamber. At this time, the output end lubrication chamber 16 supplies oil to the output end replenishment chamber through the output end oil passage 14, facilitating future use.

[0029] In addition, an adaptive lubrication structure can also be provided at the input end of the reducer of this utility model.

[0030] like Figures 1-8As shown, a speed reducer input end adaptive lubrication structure includes at least one input end bearing 25 mounted on the input shaft 27 of the speed reducer and an input end lubrication cavity 26 communicating with the input end bearing 25. An input end oil storage cavity 22 is also provided on one side of the speed reducer input end, and the input end oil storage cavity 22 and the input end lubrication cavity 26 are connected through an input end oil passage 24. When the output end of the speed reducer begins to operate at a downward angle, the oil level in the input end oil storage cavity 22 is higher than the oil level in the input end lubrication cavity 26, and oil is supplied to the input end lubrication cavity 26 through the input end oil passage 24. There can be one or more input end oil passages 24. When the speed reducer is in a horizontal position, the oil level in the input end lubrication cavity is sufficient to ensure lubrication of the input end bearing 25 and other components. After a period of time, the oil levels in the input end oil storage cavity 22 and the input end lubrication cavity 26, connected by the input end oil passage 24, reach the same horizontal oil level. When the reducer starts operating at a downward angle, the output end is in a low position, and the input end is in a high position. The liquid level in the input end lubrication chamber 26 quickly drops below the horizontal liquid level. Since the input end oil storage chamber 22 generally holds a large amount of oil, and the liquid level between it and the input end lubrication chamber 26 is only connected through the input end oil passage 24, the liquid level changes slowly. Its liquid level will be higher than that of the input end lubrication chamber 26, creating a pressure difference. The input end oil storage chamber 22 supplies oil to the input end lubrication chamber 26 through the input end oil passage 24, lubricating the input end bearing 25 and the input shaft 27. When the reducer starts operating at an upward angle, the output end is in a high position, and the input end is in a low position. The liquid level in the input end lubrication chamber 26 rises above the horizontal liquid level. At this time, the liquid level in the input end oil storage chamber 22 is lower than the liquid level in the input end lubrication chamber 26; lubricating oil flows into the input end oil storage chamber 22 through the input end oil passage 24, or lubricating oil in the reducer flows in from the top opening of the input end oil storage chamber 22 to replenish it. The position and size of the input end oil storage chamber 22 and the position and size of the input end oil passage 24 are determined as needed, as long as the oil level in the input end oil storage chamber 22 is higher than the oil level in the input end lubrication chamber 26 when the reducer is operating at a downward angle. In this utility model, when the reducer is operating at a downward angle, the input end oil storage chamber 22 replenishes oil to the input end lubrication chamber 26, thereby ensuring continuous lubrication of the input end bearing 25. When the reducer is operating at an upward angle, the input end lubrication chamber 26 replenishes oil to the input end oil storage chamber 22; thus, lubrication of the input end bearing 25 and the input shaft 27 can be achieved at various operating angles.

[0031] The input end oil storage chamber 22 is partly located below the centerline of the reducer and partly located above the centerline of the reducer; the input end oil passage 24 is located below the centerline of the reducer; the connection port between the input end lubrication chamber 26 and the input end oil passage 24 is located on the outer side of the input end lubrication chamber 26; when the reducer output end is operating at a downward angle, the oil level in the input end oil storage chamber 22 is higher than the position of the connection port. Here, the centerline of the reducer generally coincides with the centerline of the input shaft 27. The outer side refers to the side closer to the power source of the input shaft 27; when the reducer output end is operating at a downward angle, the outer side of the input end lubrication chamber 26 is at a higher position, and the inner side is relatively at a lower position. The input end oil passage 24 is connected to the outer side of the input end lubrication chamber 26 to facilitate oil supply to the entire input end lubrication chamber 26 when the input end is operating at an upward angle.

[0032] An input end bearing housing 23 is provided on the input shaft 27 of the reducer; an input end lubrication cavity 26 is disposed between the inner hole of the input end bearing housing 23 and the outer surface of the input shaft 27; a second plate 21 is fixedly disposed on the input end bearing housing 23; the second plate 21 and the outer surface of the input end bearing housing 23 form the input end oil storage cavity 22, or the second plate 21, the outer surface of the input end bearing housing 23, and the housing of the reducer form the input end oil storage cavity 22; an input end oil passage 24 is provided on the input end bearing housing 23; the input end oil passage 24 is located below the centerline of the reducer. The shape of the second plate 21 is not limited, as long as it serves the corresponding function. The input end oil passage 24 connects the bottom of the input end oil storage cavity 22 and the bottom of the input end lubrication cavity 26. The input end oil passage 24 can be inclined and pass through the input end bearing 25; or the input end oil passage 24 can be composed of several connected oil passages, such as one end connected to the input end lubrication chamber 26, one end connected to the input end oil storage chamber 22, and the other end connected to the above two oil passages. The outer end of the input end lubrication chamber 26 is connected to the input end oil passage 24. The inner side of the input end bearing seat 23 is fixed to the housing of the reducer, and the outer side is fixed by the input end cover. In one specific structure, the input end bearing seat 23 itself is small in size, and the two ends cannot be fixed to the housing of the reducer. In this case, the circumferential surface of the input end bearing seat 23 can be fixed to a plate or ring structure by welding or other means, thereby connecting it to the housing of the reducer; in this case, the fixing plate or ring structure is also a part of the output end bearing seat 13. The second plate 21 is generally a barrel structure with one open end. A central hole is provided at the center, corresponding to the inner outer surface of the input bearing seat 23. The open end of the barrel is connected to the adjacent side wall of the input bearing seat 23 or to a ring structure welded to the output bearing seat 13. Alternatively, the barrel, the outer surface of the input bearing seat 23, and the reducer housing can form a ring. The entire second plate 21 is located inside the reducer housing. The specific configuration of the input bearing 25 and input bearing seat 23 is prior art and will not be described in detail. Of course, other connection structures are also possible. The input oil storage chamber 22 can also be fixed at another position on the input shaft 27; all of these are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0033] The top of the input oil storage chamber 22 has an opening that connects to the internal space of the reducer. (After connection, the internal air pressure of the input oil storage chamber 22 is consistent with that of the internal space of the reducer. This prevents air pressure or suction force from being generated in the input oil storage chamber 22 during oil storage and discharge, which would affect oil storage and discharge.) The input lubrication chamber 26 also connects to the internal space of the reducer. During the oil replenishment stage, the lubricating oil in the reducer space (not the lubricating oil in the input lubrication chamber 26) can also enter the input oil storage chamber 22 through the opening for oil replenishment. In the embodiment shown in the attached figure, the opening is located at the upper end of the side wall of the barrel of the second plate 21.

[0034] The input lubrication chamber 26 is connected to the output lubrication chamber 16, which is located on the output shaft 17 of the reducer and communicates with the output bearing 15 on the output shaft 17. The specific structure has been described above. When the reducer operates at a downward angle, the lubricating oil in the input lubrication chamber 26 will flow into other lubrication chambers, causing the liquid level to drop. Of course, the solution of lubricating individual chambers without communication is also within the protection scope of this utility model; at this time, when the input end operates at an upward angle, the liquid level will also drop, but the drop will be smaller.

[0035] In this invention, the diameter of the input oil passage 24 is determined according to actual needs. For example, the diameter of the input oil passage 24 is about 8-15 mm, which is much smaller than the single-side width of the input lubrication cavity 26 of the reducer, which is 80 to 100 mm. Here, the single-side width refers to the shortest distance between the input shaft 27 and the input bearing seat 23 on the same side. This ensures that oil storage and drainage can be achieved within a certain time when the gear is tilted or depressed.

[0036] In specific implementation: When the reducer operates at a downward angle, the reducer's output end is in a low position. The input end lubrication chamber 26 is in a high position, and the lubricating oil in the input end lubrication chamber 26 flows to the low position, causing the liquid level in the input end lubrication chamber 26 to decrease. At this time, the input end oil storage chamber 22 replenishes oil to the input end lubrication chamber 26, solving the problem of insufficient lubrication at the input end.

[0037] When the reducer operates at an elevation angle, the input end is in a low position and the output end is in a high position. The lubricating oil at the high position inside the reducer flows into the input end lubrication chamber 26, raising the oil level within it. At this time, the input end lubrication chamber 26 supplies oil to the input end replenishment chamber through the input end oil passage 24, facilitating future use.

[0038] The technical features of the embodiments described above can be combined in any way, and as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should all be considered within the scope of this specification. Without departing from the overall concept of this utility model, any equivalent substitutions or modifications made to the technical solution of this utility model, as well as any changes and improvements, should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A reducer output adaptive lubrication structure, comprising an output lubrication cavity in communication with an output bearing arranged on an output shaft of a reducer; characterized in that: The output end of the reducer is also provided with an output end oil storage chamber on one side. The output end oil storage chamber is connected to the output end lubrication chamber through an output end oil passage. When the output end of the reducer starts to work at an elevation angle, the oil level in the output end oil storage chamber is higher than the oil level in the output end lubrication chamber, and oil is supplied to the output end lubrication chamber through the output end oil passage.

2. The self-adapting lubrication structure for the output end of a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end oil storage chamber is partly located below the center line of the reducer and partly located above the center line of the reducer; the output end oil passage is located below the center line of the reducer; the connection port between the output end lubrication chamber and the output end oil passage is located on the outer side of the output end lubrication chamber; when the reducer output end is operating at an elevation angle, the liquid level in the output end oil storage chamber is higher than the position of the connection port.

3. The self-adapting lubrication structure for the output end of a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: An output end bearing housing is provided on the output shaft of the reducer; the output end lubrication cavity is located between the inner hole of the output end bearing housing and the outer surface of the output shaft; a first plate is fixedly provided on the output end bearing housing; the first plate and the outer surface of the output end bearing housing form the output end oil storage cavity; an output end oil passage is provided on the output end bearing housing; the output end oil passage is located below the center line of the reducer.

4. The self-adapting lubrication structure for the output end of a speed reducer according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The top of the oil storage chamber at the output end is provided with an opening that communicates with the internal space of the reducer.

5. The self-adapting lubrication structure for the output end of a speed reducer according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The output end lubrication cavity is connected to the input end lubrication cavity, which is located on the input shaft of the reducer and is connected to the input end bearing on the input shaft.

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