Ignition burner, burner device, and gasification furnace

Abstract

The application relates to the field of gasification furnaces, and discloses an ignition burner, a burner device and a gasification furnace. The ignition burner comprises an igniter, an inner tube and an outer tube. The igniter comprises an ignition end. The inner tube comprises a fuel cavity. The igniter and the inner tube are provided with a fuel channel. The inner tube comprises a communication tube, a mixing tube and a flame stabilizer arranged in sequence along an axial direction. The ignition end is located on the side of the mixing tube away from the communication tube. The outer tube comprises a tube body and a distribution structure. The tube body comprises an air passage cavity, a mixing cavity and a fire outlet in sequence along the axial direction. The distribution structure is located between the air passage cavity and the mixing cavity and is located between the tube body and the inner tube along the radial direction. The distribution structure comprises a distribution hole communicating the air passage cavity and the mixing cavity. The mixing tube, the flame stabilizer and the ignition end are all located in the mixing cavity. The mixing tube is provided with a mixing hole. The fuel channel communicates with the mixing cavity through the mixing hole. The stability of the ignition burner is improved under the working condition with a larger load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of gasifiers, and particularly relates to an ignition burner, a burner device, and a gasifier. Background Technology

[0002] A gasifier is a core piece of equipment that converts solid fuels (such as coal, biomass, and waste) into syngas (mainly containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen) through a high-temperature thermochemical reaction. The core of the gasifier lies in achieving incomplete oxidation of the fuel by controlling temperature, pressure, and the gasifying agent (oxygen, steam, etc.). The burner within the gasifier is the key component for achieving efficient mixing and a stable reaction between the fuel and the gasifying agent.

[0003] Currently, the ignition burners in the gasifier exhibit poor stability under heavy load conditions. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides an ignition burner, a burner device, and a gasifier, which can improve the stability of the ignition burner under heavy load conditions.

[0005] On one hand, this application provides an ignition burner, including an igniter, an inner tube, and an outer tube. The igniter includes an ignition end located at one end along the axial direction. The inner tube includes a fuel chamber, in which the igniter is at least partially housed. A fuel channel is provided between the igniter and the inner tube. The inner tube includes a connecting tube, a mixing tube, and a flame stabilizer arranged sequentially along the axial direction. The ignition end is located on the side of the mixing tube opposite to the connecting tube. The outer tube includes a tube body and a distribution structure. The tube body includes a venting chamber, a mixing chamber, and a flame outlet arranged sequentially along the axial direction. The distribution structure is located between the venting chamber and the mixing chamber and is radially positioned between the tube body and the inner tube. The distribution structure includes a distribution hole connecting the venting chamber and the mixing chamber. The mixing tube, the flame stabilizer, and the ignition end are all located within the mixing chamber. The mixing tube has a mixing hole, and the fuel channel communicates with the mixing chamber through the mixing hole.

[0006] In some embodiments of this application, the mixing tube includes a jet tube and an extension tube arranged axially, the jet tube connecting the connecting tube and the extension tube, and the jet tube having a plurality of mixing holes circumferentially.

[0007] In some embodiments of this application, the jet tube includes a main body and a protrusion, the protrusion connecting the main body and the extension tube axially, and the protrusion at least partially protruding radially from the side of the main body facing the igniter.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the extension tube includes a plurality of through holes extending axially, the through holes connecting the fuel passage and the mixing chamber, and the plurality of through holes are spaced apart circumferentially; wherein, in radial orthographic projection, the projected area of ​​the through holes is larger than the projected area of ​​the mixing holes.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the outer tube further includes a cooling tube, which is radially disposed between the tube body and the inner tube and is located in the mixing chamber. Radially, the cooling tube and the tube body have a cooling channel communicating with the ventilation chamber. The mixing tube, the flame stabilizer and the ignition end are all located inside the cooling tube.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the cooling pipe has multiple cooling holes, which are spaced apart circumferentially and located between the ignition end and the ignition port.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the cooling pipe includes a first pipe section and a second pipe section arranged sequentially along the axial direction, the second pipe section being located between the ignition end and the ignition port; the inner diameter of the second pipe section tends to decrease in the direction from the ignition end to the ignition port.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, the gas flow rate of the cooling channel is A1, the gas flow rate in the cavity formed by the cooling pipe is A2, and 0.1≤A1 / A2≤0.35.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, the flame stabilizer has a gradually expanding tendency from the ignition end to the flame outlet, and the flame stabilizer has vent holes.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, the flame stabilizer includes a first port and a second port. The first port is connected to the mixing tube. In the orthographic projection along the axial direction, the width of the vent tends to increase from the first port to the second port.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, the flame stabilizer includes a first port and a second port. The first port is connected to the mixing tube. In radial orthographic projection, the distance between the second port and the side of the distribution structure facing the ignition end is L. The inner diameter of the tube body is R, and 6≤L / R≤10.

[0016] On the other hand, some embodiments of this application also provide a burner device, including a process burner and the above-mentioned ignition burner, wherein the ignition burner is sleeved and installed inside the process burner.

[0017] In another aspect, some embodiments of this application also provide a gasifier, including: a burner device as described above.

[0018] The ignition burner, burner device, and gasifier of this application embodiment form a fuel channel for fuel and a mixing chamber for combustion medium by radially spaced igniter, inner tube, and outer tube. A mixing hole is opened on the mixing tube of the inner tube to inject fuel into the mixing chamber and premix the combustion medium and fuel. This allows a relatively stable mixed airflow to be formed in the recirculation area of ​​the flame stabilizer under variable load and high flow conditions, which is conducive to ignition at the ignition end. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ignition burner according to some embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 Show Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the ignition burner in the image;

[0022] Figure 3 Show Figure 2 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of a center-ignition burner;

[0023] Figure 4 Show Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the distribution structure;

[0024] Figure 5 Show Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of point Q;

[0025] Figure 6 Show Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mixing tube;

[0026] Figure 7 Show Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the intermediate cooling pipe;

[0027] Figure 8 Show Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a flame stabilizer;

[0028] Figure 9 Show Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point P in the middle;

[0029] Figure 10 Show Figure 3 A front view of another type of flame stabilizer.

[0030] Figure label:

[0031] 10. Combustion-supporting mounting assembly; 11. First mounting pipe; 12. First mounting flange; 20. Fuel mounting assembly; 21. Second mounting pipe; 22. Second mounting flange; 30. Third mounting flange; 40. Fourth mounting flange; 41. Electrical conduit; 42. Electrical bore; 50. Fifth mounting flange;

[0032] 100. Ignition device; 101. Ignition end;

[0033] 200. Inner tube; 201. Fuel chamber; 202. Fuel passage; 203. Mixing hole; 204. Through hole; 205. Vent hole; 210. Connecting pipe; 220. Mixing pipe; 221. Jet pipe; 221a. Main body; 221b. Protrusion; 222. Extension pipe; 222c. Guide surface; 230. Flame stabilizer; 231. First port; 232. Second port; 233. Limiting component;

[0034] 300, Outer tube; 301, Ventilation chamber; 302, Mixing chamber; 303, Flame outlet; 304, Cooling hole; 305, Combustion channel; 310, Tube body; 320, Distribution structure; 321, Distribution hole; 330, Cooling tube; 331, Cooling channel; 332, Second tube section; 333, First tube section; 400, Detection piece; X, Axial direction; Y, Radial direction. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0037] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0038] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0041] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," and "lateral" are used.

[0042] Length, Width, Thickness, Top, Bottom, Front, Back, Left, Right

[0043] "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise"

[0044] The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description. It is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of this application.

[0045] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] Ignition burners are key devices used to ignite initial fuel and establish a stable ignition source during the start-up phase of industrial combustion equipment (such as gasifiers, boilers, and industrial kilns). Their core function is to safely ignite the main fuel (such as residual oil, natural gas, and pulverized coal) through a controllable ignition process, providing the initial flame foundation for the subsequent normal operation of the equipment.

[0047] Currently, the ignition burners in gasifiers are located on the top of the gasifier and are nested inside other process burners. Therefore, the size of the ignition burners is limited. As the load on the gasifier increases, the flow rate of fuel and combustion gas supplied to the ignition burners also increases. Since the dimensions of the fuel and combustion gas channels are fixed, the flow velocity of the fuel and combustion gas will increase. With the increased flow velocity, the ignition burners are too affected by the flow rate and cannot ignite normally. Therefore, how to achieve stable ignition under high load conditions is one of the urgent problems that ignition burners need to solve.

[0048] In view of this, the present application provides an ignition burner, which forms a fuel channel for fuel and a mixing chamber for combustion gas by radially spaced igniter, inner tube and outer tube, and a mixing hole is opened on the mixing tube of the inner tube to inject fuel into the mixing chamber, so as to premix the combustion gas and fuel. This allows the backflow area of ​​the flame stabilizer to form a relatively stable mixed airflow under variable load and high flow conditions, which is conducive to ignition at the ignition end.

[0049] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, some embodiments of this application provide an ignition burner, including an igniter 100, an inner tube 200, and an outer tube 300. The inner tube 200 is located radially Y between the outer tube 300 and the igniter 100, and is spaced apart from both the inner tube 300 and the igniter 100. A fuel passage 202 is formed between the inner tube 200 and the igniter 100, and a combustion-supporting passage 305 is formed between the outer tube 300 and the inner tube 200. Fuel is introduced into the fuel passage 202, and a combustion-supporting medium is introduced into the combustion-supporting passage 305.

[0050] In some embodiments, the igniter 100 includes an ignition end 101 at the end, where the combustion medium and fuel medium are ignited.

[0051] In some embodiments, the ignition burner includes a combustion-supporting mounting assembly 10, which connects the combustion-supporting channel 305 to a combustion-supporting medium source. Exemplarily, the combustion-supporting mounting assembly 10 includes a first mounting pipe 11 and a first mounting flange 12. The first mounting pipe 11 is connected to and communicates with the outer pipe 300, and the first mounting flange 12 connects the first mounting pipe 11 to the combustion-supporting medium source.

[0052] In other embodiments, the ignition burner includes a fuel mounting assembly 20 for communicating a fuel passage 202 with a fuel source. Exemplarily, the fuel mounting assembly 20 includes a second mounting pipe 21 and a second mounting flange 22, the second mounting pipe 21 being connected to and communicating with the inner pipe 200, and the second mounting flange 22 for connecting the second mounting pipe 21 to the fuel source.

[0053] In some embodiments, the ignition burner includes a third mounting flange 30, which is connected to the outer tube 300 and the first mounting tube 11 to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the first mounting tube 11 and the outer tube 300.

[0054] In some embodiments, the ignition burner further includes a fourth mounting flange 40 and an electrical conduit 41, the electrical conduit 41 being connected to the first mounting conduit 11 via the fourth mounting flange 40 for cable protection. Exemplarily, one end of the electrical conduit 41 is sealed, and the other end is connected to the second mounting conduit 21.

[0055] In one example, an electrical hole 42 is provided on the side wall of the electrical conduit 41 for the passage of a cable.

[0056] In some embodiments, the ignition burner further includes a fifth mounting flange 50, which is mounted on the outer tube 300 for mounting the outer tube 300 to other burners.

[0057] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, some embodiments of this application provide an ignition burner, including an igniter 100, an inner tube 200, and an outer tube 300. The igniter 100 includes an ignition end 101 located at one end along the axial direction X; the inner tube 200 includes a fuel chamber 201, and the igniter 100 is at least partially housed in the fuel chamber 201. A fuel passage 202 is provided between the igniter 100 and the inner tube 200. The inner tube 200 includes a connecting pipe 210, a mixing pipe 220, and a flame stabilizer 230 sequentially connected along the axial direction X. The ignition end 101 is located on the side of the mixing pipe 220 opposite to the connecting pipe 210; the outer tube 300 includes a tube body 310 and... The distribution structure 320 includes a venting chamber 301, a mixing chamber 302, and an outlet 303 sequentially along the axial direction X of the pipe body 310. The distribution structure 320 is located between the venting chamber 301 and the mixing chamber 302, and along the radial direction Y, it is located between the pipe body 310 and the inner pipe 200. The distribution structure 320 includes a distribution hole 321 that connects the venting chamber 301 and the mixing chamber 302. The mixing pipe 220, the flame stabilizer 230, and the ignition end 101 are all located inside the mixing chamber 302. The mixing pipe 220 has a mixing hole 203, and the fuel passage 202 is connected to the mixing chamber 302 through the mixing hole 203.

[0058] Axial direction X refers to the length direction of the ignition burner, for example, the direction from one end of the connecting pipe 210 to the end of the ignition port 303. Radial direction Y refers to the direction perpendicular to axial direction X.

[0059] Igniter 100 is a device for generating an ignition spark or high temperature. Exemplarily, igniter 100 may be an electrode igniter 100 or a semiconductor igniter 100. In some examples, the material of igniter 100 may be a high-temperature resistant alloy, and its ignition end 101 is a pointed or planar discharge structure located at the front end of igniter 100 along the axial direction X.

[0060] The ignition end 101 is the part of the igniter 100 that generates a spark or high temperature. It is located at the end of the igniter 100 and is used to ignite the mixture of fuel and combustion-supporting gas.

[0061] For example, the igniter 100 includes a control terminal along the axial direction X, which is opposite to the ignition terminal 101 and can be electrically connected to an external control circuit.

[0062] The inner tube 200 is a tubular structure for conveying fuel. For example, the material of the inner tube 200 may be 310S stainless steel or silicon nitride ceramic. The fuel chamber 201 of the inner tube 200 is a hollow cavity inside the inner tube 200.

[0063] In one example, 70%-90% of the length of the igniter 100 is located within the fuel chamber 201. Exemplarily, the ignition end 101 may be located within the fuel chamber 201 or outside the fuel chamber 201. As an example, the control end is located outside the fuel chamber 201.

[0064] The fuel passage 202 is a gap for fuel flow, used to guide fuel from the second mounting tube 21 to the vicinity of the ignition end 101 of the igniter 100. Exemplarily, the fuel passage 202 between the igniter 100 and the inner tube 200 is an annular gap or formed by a plurality of axial X-grooves.

[0065] The connecting pipe 210, mixing pipe 220, and flame stabilizer 230 of the inner tube 200 are sequentially connected along the axial direction X. The connection method of the three can be welding, flange connection, or threaded connection. The dimensions of the fuel passage 202 formed between the connecting pipe 210, mixing pipe 220, and flame stabilizer 230 and the igniter 100 can be different.

[0066] In some examples, the connecting pipe 210 can be a cylindrical straight pipe; the mixing pipe 220 can be a cylindrical or conical pipe; and the flame stabilizer 230 is a component with flame stabilization function, and its shape includes a flared mouth shape or a perforated plate shape.

[0067] In some examples, the ignition end 101 extends beyond the end of the mixing tube 220 away from the connecting tube 210, or is flush with the end of the mixing tube 220 away from the connecting tube 210.

[0068] In some examples, the ignition end 101 is located inside the flame stabilizer 230, or extends outside the flame stabilizer 230. As an example, the ignition end 101 is flush with the end of the flame stabilizer 230 away from the mixing tube 220.

[0069] The outer tube 300 has a tube body 310 as an outer protective tube. For example, the tube body 310 can be made of heat-resistant steel. In some examples, the outer tube 300 can be a straight tube, a tapered tube, or a stepped tube.

[0070] In some examples, the tube body 310 includes a venting chamber 301, a mixing chamber 302 and a flame outlet 303 in sequence along the axial direction X. The venting chamber 301 and the mixing chamber 302 can be integrally formed continuous cavities or independent cavities formed by welding.

[0071] In one example, the cross-sectional shape of the nozzle 303 can be circular or rectangular.

[0072] The distribution structure 320 is a component for distributing combustion-supporting gas. Exemplarily, the distribution structure 320 may be an annular plate or an annular sleeve. In some examples, the distribution structure 320 may be connected to the outer pipe 300, or to the inner pipe 200, or simultaneously to both the outer pipe 300 and the inner pipe 200. As an example, the distribution structure 320 may be connected by welding or bolting.

[0073] The distribution structure 320 has a distribution hole 321, which is a hole that penetrates the wall thickness of the distribution structure 320. For example, the shape of the distribution hole 321 can be a regular or irregular shape such as a circle, ellipse, triangle, or rectangle.

[0074] The distribution structure 320 is used to separate the venting chamber 301 and the mixing chamber 302. Exemplarily, the mixing tube 220, the flame stabilizer 230 and the ignition end 101 may be located entirely in the central region of the mixing chamber 302, or partially extend into the inlet section of the mixing chamber 302.

[0075] The mixing orifice 203 in the mixing pipe 220 connects the fuel passage 202 and the mixing chamber 302, allowing fuel in the fuel passage 202 to be injected into the mixing chamber 302 through the mixing orifice 203 and mixed with the combustion-supporting medium. In one example, the radial Y dimension of the fuel passage 202 is smaller than the radial Y dimension of the combustion-supporting passage 305 between the outer pipe 300 and the inner pipe 200. Therefore, the mixing orifice 203 allows fuel to be injected into the mixing chamber 302. That is, the fuel flow velocity in the fuel passage 202 is greater than the flow velocity of the combustion-supporting medium in the combustion-supporting passage 305.

[0076] For example, the mixing orifice 203 may be tapered, and the inner diameter of the mixing orifice 203 tends to taper from the fuel passage 202 toward the outer tube 300. This facilitates fuel injection into the mixing chamber 302. As an example, the mixing orifices 203 may be uniformly distributed circumferentially along the mixing tube 220 or arranged in a spiral pattern.

[0077] In one example, multiple mixing holes 203 are located within a length of the mixing tube 220 along the axial direction X that is less than one-fifth of the length of the mixing tube 220. As an example, multiple mixing holes 203 are located on the side of the mixing tube 220 closer to the dispensing structure 320.

[0078] In the embodiments of this application, by arranging the igniter 100, inner tube 200 and outer tube 300 radially Y-spaced, a fuel channel 202 for fuel and a mixing chamber 302 for combustion medium are formed. A mixing hole 203 is opened on the mixing tube 220 of the inner tube 200, and fuel is injected into the mixing chamber 302 to premix the combustion medium and fuel. This allows a relatively stable mixed airflow to be formed in the recirculation area of ​​the flame stabilizer 230 under variable load and high flow conditions, which is beneficial to the ignition of the ignition end 101.

[0079] In one embodiment of this application, the mixing tube 220 includes a jet tube 221 and an extension tube 222 arranged along the axial direction X. The jet tube 221 connects the connecting tube 210 and the extension tube 222. The jet tube 221 is provided with a plurality of mixing holes 203 along the circumferential direction.

[0080] The jet pipe 221 is the part of the mixing pipe 220 used for injecting fuel. For example, the shape of the jet pipe 221 may be a constant diameter circular pipe or a variable diameter circular pipe.

[0081] The extension tube 222 is the part that connects the jet tube 221 and the flame stabilizer 230. For example, the extension tube 222 may be cylindrical or conical.

[0082] In one example, the two ends of the jet pipe 221 are welded to the connecting pipe 210 and the extension pipe 222 respectively, or the three are integrally formed pipe fittings made of the same pipe material.

[0083] In some examples, the multiple mixing holes 203 opened circumferentially in the jet pipe 221 can be arranged in multiple rows at equal angles along the circumference, with multiple rows and intervals along the axial direction X. The axis of the mixing holes 203 can be at an angle of 30°-60° with the radial direction Y of the jet pipe 221 to enhance the diffusion effect of fuel injection.

[0084] In the embodiments of this application, the mixing pipe 220 is divided into a jet pipe 221 and an extension pipe 222, and multiple mixing holes 203 are formed circumferentially on the jet pipe 221 away from the ignition end 101, which enables the fuel to be injected more evenly into the mixing chamber 302. Compared with the case of only one mixing hole 203, multiple mixing holes 203 can increase the fuel injection area and injection point, making the fuel and combustion-supporting gas more fully mixed. Under the condition of variable load and high flow rate, this more thorough mixing method helps to form a more stable mixed airflow in the mixing chamber 302, further improving the ignition stability of the ignition end 101.

[0085] Furthermore, in one embodiment of this application, the jet tube 221 includes a main body portion 221a and a protrusion portion 221b, the protrusion portion 221b connecting the main body portion 221a and the extension tube 222 along the axial direction X, and the protrusion portion 221b at least partially protruding along the radial direction Y from the side of the main body portion 221a facing the igniter 100.

[0086] In other words, the distance between the main body 221a and the igniter 100 is greater than the distance between the protrusion 221b and the igniter 100. For example, the main body 221a and the protrusion 221b can be an integral structure or a separate welded structure.

[0087] In one example, the main body 221a may be located on one side of the protrusion 221b along the axial direction X, or the main body 221a may be located on the side of the protrusion 221b facing away from the igniter 100. As an example, the mixing hole 203 is formed in the main body 221a.

[0088] In one example, the protrusion 221b can transition smoothly to the body or at a stepped right angle.

[0089] In the embodiments of this application, the arrangement of the protrusion 221b changes the flow field within the fuel channel 202, causing local turbulence and resistance to be generated at the protrusion 221b, making it easier for the fuel to be jetted from the mixing hole 203 into the combustion channel 305, thereby enhancing the mixing intensity of the fuel and the combustion medium and improving ignition stability.

[0090] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in some optional embodiments of this application, the extension tube 222 includes a plurality of through holes 204 extending along the axial direction X. The through holes 204 connect the fuel passage 202 and the mixing chamber 302. The plurality of through holes 204 are spaced apart circumferentially. In the orthographic projection along the radial direction Y, the projected area of ​​the through holes 204 is larger than the projected area of ​​the mixing holes 203.

[0091] For example, the through hole 204 has a regular or irregular shape, such as an ellipse or a strip. As an example, the radial Y-projected area of ​​the through hole 204 is 5-20 times the projected area of ​​the mixed hole 203.

[0092] In one example, the extension tube 222 has one or more spaced through holes 204 along the axial direction X.

[0093] In the embodiments of this application, the through hole 204 of the extension tube 222 allows some fuel to directly enter the downstream region of the mixing chamber 302, forming a multi-stage mixture with the fuel ejected from the mixing hole 203. Combined with the large projected area of ​​the through hole 204, it is beneficial for some combustion-supporting medium to enter the extension tube 222, so that there is a mixture of combustion-supporting medium and fuel in the extension tube 222. This can increase the fuel flow rate without increasing the flow velocity, adapting to high-load conditions. At the same time, it can also form a stable fuel and combustion-supporting mixture in the central region of the flame stabilizer 230, further ensuring ignition stability.

[0094] Continue to refer to Figure 7 In some embodiments of this application, the outer tube 300 further includes a cooling tube 330, which is disposed radially Y between the tube body 310 and the inner tube 200, and the cooling tube 330 is located in the mixing chamber 302. A cooling channel 331 communicating with the ventilation chamber 301 is provided between the cooling tube 330 and the tube body 310 radially Y. The mixing tube 220, the flame stabilizer 230 and the ignition end 101 are all located in the cooling tube 330.

[0095] Cooling pipe 330 is a tubular structure for introducing cooling medium to cool outer pipe 300. Exemplarily, cooling pipe 330 is made of a high-temperature resistant alloy. In some examples, cooling pipe 330 is cylindrical or conical in shape.

[0096] In one example, the length of the cooling pipe 330 may be extended to the outlet 303 by the distribution structure 320.

[0097] For example, one end of the cooling pipe 330 is welded or snapped to the inner wall of the pipe body 310, and the other end is suspended; or, one end of the cooling pipe 330 is connected to the distribution structure 320.

[0098] In some examples, the cooling channel 331 between the cooling pipe 330 and the pipe body 310 is an annular gap or a channel formed by multiple axial X-ribs.

[0099] In one example, the cooling pipe 330 can be one or more segments connected together.

[0100] In the embodiments of this application, a portion of the combustion medium is cooled by the cooling pipe 330 to reduce the temperature of the burner outlet 303, thereby increasing the service life of the ignition burner. Furthermore, the cooling pipe 330 increases the thickness of the burner outlet 303, which is beneficial for extending its service life.

[0101] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the cooling pipe 330 is provided with a plurality of cooling holes 304, which are spaced apart circumferentially, and the cooling holes 304 are located between the ignition end 101 and the flame outlet 303.

[0102] For example, the cooling hole 304 can be in the shape of a circle, rectangle, triangle, ellipse, etc.

[0103] In one example, the cooling hole 304 may be located along the axial direction X in the middle of the cooling pipe 330 or in the 1 / 3 region near the outlet 303; the cooling hole 304 penetrates the pipe wall of the cooling pipe 330, so that part of the combustion gas in the cooling channel 331 can enter the mixing chamber 302 through the cooling hole 304.

[0104] In the embodiments of this application, the cooling hole 304 allows the low-temperature combustion medium to enter the mixing chamber 302 where the ignition end 101 is located, which enhances the cooling effect on the outer tube 300 and the interior of the cooling tube 330. At the same time, it can balance the pressure between the cooling channel 331 and the mixing chamber 302, avoid pressure fluctuations from affecting the airflow stability, and ensure the reliability of the ignition process.

[0105] Furthermore, in one embodiment of this application, the cooling pipe 330 includes a first pipe section 333 and a second pipe section 332 arranged sequentially along the axial direction X. The second pipe section 332 is located between the ignition end 101 and the outlet 303. The inner diameter of the second pipe section 332 tends to decrease in the direction from the ignition end 101 to the outlet 303.

[0106] For example, the inner diameter of the second pipe section 332 decreases linearly or stepwise along the direction from the ignition end 101 to the outlet 303.

[0107] In one example, the outer diameter of the second pipe section 332 decreases linearly or in a stepped manner along the direction from the ignition end 101 to the outlet 303. The wall thickness of the second pipe section 332 is uniformly distributed.

[0108] In some examples, the first pipe segment 333 and the second pipe segment 332 can be connected by welding or integral molding.

[0109] In other examples, the starting end of the second pipe section 332 corresponds to the position of the ignition end 101, and the ending end is close to the outlet 303.

[0110] In the embodiments of this application, the decreasing inner diameter of the second pipe section 332 can accelerate the airflow velocity in the mixing chamber 302, improve the ignition success rate of the igniter 100 under back pressure, and at the same time, the formed tapering channel can suppress flame backfire and enhance the safety of the ignition burner.

[0111] In addition, in some embodiments of this application, the gas flow rate of the cooling channel 331 is A1, and the gas flow rate in the cavity enclosed by the cooling pipe 330 is A2, where 0.1≤A1 / A2≤0.35.

[0112] As an example, A1 / A2 is a range consisting of one or two of the following values: 0.1, 0.18, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, and 0.35.

[0113] In the embodiments of this application, a flow ratio of 0.1≤A1 / A2≤0.35 ensures that the cooling pipe 330 has sufficient cooling effect without affecting the airflow mixing effect in the mixing chamber 302 due to excessive diversion of the cooling channel 331, thus balancing cooling performance and combustion stability.

[0114] Continue to refer to Figures 8 to 10 In one embodiment of this application, the flame stabilizer 230 has a gradually expanding trend in the direction from the ignition end 101 to the flame outlet 303, and the flame stabilizer 230 is provided with vent holes 205.

[0115] In some examples, the flame stabilizer 230 may expand linearly or arcuately along the axial direction X. Exemplarily, the flame stabilizer 230 may be formed as a single component or a combination of components.

[0116] For example, there may be one or more vents 205. In one example, the shape of the vent 205 may be circular, oval, or rectangular, etc.

[0117] In some examples, the flame stabilizer 230 can be welded, snap-fitted, or threaded to the extension tube 222.

[0118] In the embodiments of this application, the gradually expanding trend of the flame stabilizer 230 can form a recirculation zone, which keeps the flame root in a stable high-temperature environment. The vent 205 allows some of the mixed airflow to flow back through the vent 205, further enhancing the recirculation effect, reducing the impact of increased flow velocity on flame stability, and adapting to high-load conditions.

[0119] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the flame stabilizer 230 includes a first port 231 and a second port 232. The first port 231 is connected to the mixing tube 220. In the orthographic projection along the axial direction X, the width of the vent 205 tends to increase from the first port 231 to the second port 232.

[0120] For example, the first port 231 of the flame stabilizer 230 is the end connected to the mixing tube 220 and has a smaller diameter, while the second port 232 is the end away from the mixing tube 220 and has a larger diameter.

[0121] In one example, the first port 231 overlaps with the extension tube 222 along the radial Y direction. The first port 231 is provided with an internal thread, and the extension tube 222 is provided with an external thread, thereby realizing the threaded connection between the first port 231 and the extension tube 222.

[0122] In another example, the vents 205 can be arranged in multiple rows evenly distributed along the circumference, with the width of each row of vents 205 increasing sequentially along the axial direction X. Alternatively, the width of each vent 205 can tend to increase.

[0123] In the embodiments of this application, the incremental design of the width of the vent 205 allows for a reasonable distribution of the recirculation flow in different areas of the flame stabilizer 230. The small-width vent 205 near the first port 231 reduces interference with the main flow, while the large-width vent 205 near the second port 232 enhances the recirculation intensity, thereby improving the overall flame stabilization effect and ensuring stable ignition.

[0124] In one embodiment, the end of the extension tube 222 near the first port 231 has a guide surface 222c for guiding gas in the fuel passage 202 into the flame stabilizer 230. As an example, the guide surface 222c is a slope with a gradually tapering tendency from the outer radial direction to the inner diameter direction.

[0125] In some embodiments of this application, the flame stabilizer 230 includes a first port 231 and a second port 232. The first port 231 is connected to the mixing tube 220. In the orthographic projection along the radial Y, the distance between the second port 232 and the side of the distribution structure 320 facing the ignition end 101 is L. The inner diameter of the tube body 310 is R, and 6≤L / R≤10.

[0126] As an example, L / R is a range consisting of one or two of 6, 6.5, 8, 8.4, 9, 9.5, and 10.

[0127] In the embodiments of this application, the ratio range of 6≤L / R≤10 can ensure that a suitable space is formed between the second port 232 of the flame stabilizer 230 and the distribution structure 320, so that the combustion gas can be fully mixed with the fuel after entering through the distribution hole 321, while ensuring that the size of the recirculation zone is moderate, taking into account both the mixing effect and flame stability, and adapting to the ignition requirements under high load.

[0128] In some embodiments, a limiting member 233 is provided on the outer periphery of the flame stabilizer 230, the limiting member 233 being used to limit the flame stabilizer 230 to the middle of the outer tube 300 along the radial Y direction. As an example, the limiting member 233 can be one or more pairs. In some embodiments, the ignition burner also includes a detection member 400, the detection member 400 being located between the outer tube 300 and the inner tube 200, and extending between the ignition end 101 and the flame outlet 303, for detecting the ignition status. As an example, the detection member 400 can be a temperature sensor, a flame detector, or a pressure sensor, etc.

[0129] Some embodiments of this application also provide a burner device, including a process burner and an ignition burner as described above, wherein the ignition burner is sleeved and installed inside the process burner.

[0130] Some embodiments of this application also provide a gasifier, including: a burner device including the above embodiments.

[0131] The above description is merely a specific implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, modules, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A pilot burner characterized by, include: Igniter, including an ignition terminal located at one end along the axial direction; The inner tube includes a fuel chamber, the igniter is at least partially housed in the fuel chamber, a fuel passage is provided between the igniter and the inner tube, the inner tube includes a connecting tube, a mixing tube and a flame stabilizer arranged sequentially along the axial direction, and the ignition end is located on the side of the mixing tube opposite to the connecting tube; The outer tube includes a tube body and a distribution structure. The tube body includes a venting chamber, a mixing chamber and a flare outlet in sequence along the axial direction. The distribution structure is located between the venting chamber and the mixing chamber and is radially located between the tube body and the inner tube. The distribution structure includes a distribution hole connecting the venting chamber and the mixing chamber. The mixing tube, the flame stabilizer and the ignition end are all located in the mixing chamber. The mixing pipe has a mixing hole, and the fuel channel is connected to the mixing chamber through the mixing hole.

2. The pilot burner of claim 1, wherein The mixing tube includes a jet tube and an extension tube arranged along the axial direction. The jet tube connects the connecting tube and the extension tube, and the jet tube has a plurality of mixing holes opened in the circumferential direction.

3. The pilot burner of claim 2, wherein, The jet tube includes a main body and a protrusion, the protrusion connecting the main body and the extension tube along the axial direction, and the protrusion at least partially protruding radially from the side of the main body facing the igniter.

4. The pilot burner of claim 3, wherein The extension tube includes a plurality of through holes extending along the axial direction, the through holes connecting the fuel passage and the mixing chamber, and the plurality of through holes are spaced apart along the circumferential direction; In the radial orthogonal projection, the projected area of ​​the through hole is greater than the projected area of ​​the mixing hole.

5. The ignition burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer tube also includes a cooling tube, which is arranged radially between the tube body and the inner tube, and the cooling tube is located in the mixing chamber. A cooling channel communicating with the venting chamber is formed between the cooling tube and the tube body along the radial direction. The mixing tube, the flame stabilizer, and the ignition end are all located inside the cooling tube.

6. The ignition burner according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cooling pipe has multiple cooling holes, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the cooling pipe and are located between the ignition end and the flame outlet.

7. The ignition burner according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cooling pipe includes a first pipe section and a second pipe section arranged sequentially along the axial direction, with the second pipe section located between the ignition end and the ignition outlet. The inner diameter of the second pipe section tends to decrease from the direction of the ignition end to the ignition outlet.

8. The ignition burner according to claim 5, characterized in that, The gas flow rate of the cooling channel is A1, and the gas flow rate in the cavity formed by the cooling pipe is A2, where 0.1 ≤ A1 / A2 ≤ 0.

35.

9. The ignition burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flame stabilizer has a gradually expanding tendency in the direction from the ignition end to the flame outlet, and the flame stabilizer is provided with air holes.

10. The ignition burner according to claim 9, characterized in that, The flame stabilizer includes a first port and a second port. The first port is connected to the mixing tube. In the orthographic projection along the axial direction, the width of the vent tends to increase from the first port to the second port.

11. The ignition burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flame stabilizer includes a first port and a second port. The first port is connected to the mixing tube. In the orthographic projection along the radial direction, the distance between the second port and the side of the distribution structure facing the ignition end is L. The inner diameter of the tube body is R, and 6≤L / R≤10.

12. A burner device, characterized in that, It includes a process burner and an ignition burner as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the ignition burner is sleeved and installed inside the process burner.

13. A gasifier, characterized in that, include: Includes the burner device as described in claim 12.

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