New energy commercial vehicle power battery liquid cooling system

Abstract

A liquid cooling system for power batteries in new energy commercial vehicles includes a mounting frame, frame skin, a primary heat dissipation device, a secondary heat dissipation device, and a tertiary heat dissipation device. This invention uses coolant in a water-cooled condenser to absorb the heat of the refrigerant, and then uses ambient air to carry it away through a low-temperature radiator. By using a water-cooled condenser and a low-temperature radiator instead of an air-cooled condenser, the heat dissipation area is reduced by half compared to using a parallel flow condenser. Similarly, the number of fans can also be reduced by half. At the same time, the fixing method of the low-temperature radiator is easy to install, which can effectively reduce the assembly difficulties caused by dimensional tolerances. This invention has a specially designed cooling pipe structure, which can maximize the temperature uniformity of all battery packs and improve the cell life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of liquid cooling technology for new energy vehicle batteries, and in particular to a liquid cooling system for power batteries of new energy commercial vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Under my country's "dual-carbon" strategy, the electrification of the automotive industry is accelerating across the board, and sales of new energy commercial vehicles are increasing rapidly. With the increasing application scenarios for new energy commercial vehicles, their battery capacities are becoming larger and their charging rates are becoming faster, leading to a significant increase in the demand for battery cooling.

[0003] During charging and discharging, power batteries generate a significant amount of heat. This heat needs to be transferred to the battery cooling system via the coolant in the liquid cooling plates within the battery pack, and then dissipated into the environment by the battery cooling system. High-capacity batteries are generally composed of multiple battery packs. Due to the relatively limited space on a vehicle to accommodate these battery packs, they are placed in different locations to fit the overall vehicle layout. This results in uneven coolant distribution across each battery pack, significant temperature differences between the cells, and a shortened overall lifespan of the cells.

[0004] In the Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN217158308U and titled "A Liquid-Cooled Power Battery System and Electric Vehicle", the coolant distribution adopts a cross-shaped distribution structure. In order to solve the problem of uneven distribution, a distributor and a collector are set up, and a regulating water valve is added to each water path. Although this method can keep the water flow difference within 20% to a certain extent, it increases the cost. It is impossible to maintain the consistency of the opening of the regulating water valve during the production process. In addition, the addition of the throttle device increases the water resistance of the overall pipeline, reduces the total water flow, and affects the heat dissipation effect. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a liquid cooling system for power batteries in new energy commercial vehicles, which facilitates installation and layout in commercial vehicles, while maximizing the uniformity of temperature across all battery packs and improving battery life.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A liquid cooling system for a power battery in a new energy commercial vehicle includes a mounting frame, a frame skin, a primary cooling device, a secondary cooling device, and a tertiary cooling device. The primary, secondary, and tertiary cooling devices are installed inside the mounting frame, and a frame skin surrounds the mounting frame. The primary cooling device includes a battery liquid cooling plate, a second liquid storage tank, a second electronic water pump, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a cooler, a refrigerant main pipeline, and cooling hoses. The second liquid storage tank, the second electronic water pump, and the cooler are fixed to the mounting frame. The first and second temperature sensors are installed on connecting pipes. The refrigerant main pipeline and cooling hoses connect the battery liquid cooling plate, the cooler, and the second electronic water pump. The secondary cooling device includes a second temperature and pressure sensor, an electric compressor, the first temperature and pressure sensor, an electronic expansion valve, and a water-cooled condenser. The water-cooled condenser is fixed on the mounting frame. Temperature and pressure sensors 2 and 1, and an electronic expansion valve are installed on the connecting pipes. The three-stage heat dissipation device includes a liquid storage tank 1, a fan, a low-temperature radiator, a temperature sensor 3, and an electronic water pump 1. The liquid storage tank 1, the low-temperature radiator, and the electronic water pump 1 are fixed on the mounting frame. Temperature sensor 3 is installed on the connecting pipes. The cooling hoses include refrigerant branch pipes and liquid-cooled plate refrigerant inlet and outlet pipes. The main refrigerant line, refrigerant branch pipes, and liquid-cooled plate refrigerant inlet and outlet pipes all include inlet pipes and return pipes. The inlet and return pipes of the main refrigerant line are correspondingly provided with the inlet and return pipes of the refrigerant branch pipes. The inlet and return pipes of the refrigerant branch pipes are correspondingly provided with the inlet and return pipes of the liquid-cooled plate refrigerant inlet and outlet pipes. An angle is provided between the liquid-cooled plate refrigerant inlet and outlet pipes and the refrigerant branch pipes.

[0007] In the aforementioned liquid cooling system for power batteries of new energy commercial vehicles, the liquid cooling plate refrigerant inlet / outlet pipes and the refrigerant branch pipes are provided with an angle of 40°.

[0008] In the aforementioned liquid cooling system for power batteries of new energy commercial vehicles, the inner diameters of the main refrigerant pipeline, the branch refrigerant pipeline, and the refrigerant inlet and outlet pipeline of the liquid cooling plate decrease sequentially.

[0009] The aforementioned liquid cooling system for the power battery of new energy commercial vehicles has an upper grille and a lower grille on the frame skin, with the upper grille being inclined relative to the vertical plane.

[0010] This utility model has the following advantages: This invention uses coolant in a water-cooled condenser to absorb heat from the refrigerant, and then uses ambient air to carry it away through a low-temperature radiator. By replacing the air-cooled condenser with a water-cooled condenser and a low-temperature radiator, the heat dissipation area is reduced by half compared to using a parallel flow condenser. Similarly, the number of fans can also be reduced by half. At the same time, the fixing method of the low-temperature radiator is easy to install, which can effectively reduce the assembly difficulties caused by dimensional tolerances. This invention has a specially designed cooling pipe structure, which can maximize the temperature uniformity of all battery packs and improve the life of the battery cells. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a low-temperature heat sink on a mounting frame. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of this utility model; Figure 4 Diagram showing the location relationship between the refrigerant inlet / outlet pipes and refrigerant branch pipes of the liquid cooling plate; The labels in the diagram represent: 100, mounting frame; 200, frame skin; 300, refrigerant main pipeline; 400, cooling hose; 1, liquid storage tank I; 2, electronic water pump I; 3, temperature sensor I; 4, temperature sensor II; 5, cooler; 6, temperature and pressure sensor II; 7, electric compressor; 8, temperature and pressure sensor I; 9, electronic expansion valve; 10, water-cooled condenser; 11, liquid storage tank II; 12, fan; 13, low-temperature radiator; 14, temperature sensor III; 15, electronic water pump II; 16, battery liquid cooling plate; 101, right longitudinal beam; 102, left longitudinal beam; 103, support bracket; 104, upper fixed bracket; 105, lower fixed bracket; 201, upper grille; 202, lower grille; 401, refrigerant branch pipeline; 402, liquid cooling plate refrigerant inlet and outlet pipeline; α, angle. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0013] This utility model discloses a liquid cooling system for a power battery in a new energy commercial vehicle, comprising a primary cooling device, a secondary cooling device, and a tertiary cooling device, such as... Figure 1As shown, all components of the primary, secondary, and tertiary heat dissipation devices are integrated within the mounting frame 100. A frame skin 200 is provided on the outer periphery of the mounting frame 100 to prevent the entry of foreign objects and dust. The frame skin 200 is composed of multiple small skins, an upper grille 201, and a lower grille 202. During after-sales maintenance, it can be disassembled and reassembled individually, making after-sales maintenance more convenient. The upper grille 201 is inclined, and its acute angle with the vertical plane is 60°, which can increase the air intake area by 10% and reduce the overall size of the unit.

[0014] This utility model discloses a liquid cooling system for a power battery in a new energy commercial vehicle. The primary cooling device includes a battery liquid cooling plate 16, a second liquid storage tank 11, a second electronic water pump 15, a first temperature sensor 3, a second temperature sensor 4, a cooler 5, a refrigerant main pipeline 300, and a cooling hose 400. The secondary cooling device includes a second temperature and pressure sensor 6, an electric compressor 7, a first temperature and pressure sensor 8, an electronic expansion valve 9, and a water-cooled condenser 10. The tertiary cooling device includes a first liquid storage tank 1, a fan 12, a low-temperature radiator 13, a third temperature sensor 14, and a first electronic water pump 2. The battery liquid cooling plate 16 is integrated with the commercial vehicle power battery for heat dissipation. The second liquid storage tank 11, the second electronic water pump 15, the cooler 5, the electric compressor 7, the first liquid storage tank 1, the low-temperature radiator 13, and the water-cooled condenser 10 are fixedly mounted on the mounting frame 100 and connected by connecting pipelines. The remaining sensor components are mounted on the connecting pipelines.

[0015] This utility model discloses a liquid cooling system for a power battery in a new energy commercial vehicle. The cooling hose 400 includes a refrigerant branch pipe 401 and a liquid cooling plate refrigerant inlet / outlet pipe 402. The main refrigerant line 300, the refrigerant branch pipe 401, and the liquid cooling plate refrigerant inlet / outlet pipe 402 each include an inlet pipe and a return pipe. The inlet and return pipes of the main refrigerant line 300 are correspondingly provided with the inlet and return pipes of the refrigerant branch pipe 401, and the inlet and return pipes of the liquid cooling plate refrigerant inlet / outlet pipe 402 are correspondingly provided with the inlet and return pipes of the refrigerant branch pipe 401. Figure 1 As shown, the main refrigerant line 300 is located at the bottom, and several sets of refrigerant branch lines 401 are connected to the main refrigerant line 300 and located above it. Several liquid cooling plate refrigerant inlet and outlet lines 402 are provided on the refrigerant branch lines 401, and the liquid cooling plate refrigerant inlet and outlet lines 402 are connected to the battery liquid cooling plate 16, as shown. Figure 4 As shown, the angle α between the centerline of the liquid cooling plate refrigerant inlet / outlet pipe 402 and the refrigerant branch pipe 401 is 40°.

[0016] This utility model discloses a liquid cooling system for a power battery in a new energy commercial vehicle. The inner diameters of the main refrigerant pipeline 300, the branch refrigerant pipeline 401, and the liquid cooling plate refrigerant inlet / outlet pipeline 402 decrease sequentially. With the same pipe wall thickness, the outer diameter of the main refrigerant pipeline 300 is 38mm, the outer diameter of the branch refrigerant pipeline 401 is 25mm, and the outer diameter of the liquid cooling plate refrigerant inlet / outlet pipeline 402 is 16mm.

[0017] This utility model discloses a liquid cooling system for the power battery of a new energy commercial vehicle, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the low-temperature radiator 13 is fixed using two longitudinal beams, left and right. The right longitudinal beam 101 is welded to the main frame of the mounting frame 100, while the left longitudinal beam 102 is fixed with bolts. The installation process is as follows: first, the left longitudinal beam 102 is fixed to the low-temperature radiator 13, at which point the fan 12 is pre-installed on the low-temperature radiator 13. Then, the right support bracket 103 is fixed, and the low-temperature radiator 13 is placed on the support bracket 103 and fixed to the right longitudinal beam 101. Finally, the upper fixing bracket 104 and the lower fixing bracket 105 are bolted to the entire frame. By using a fixing method without welding the left longitudinal beam, the assembly difficulties caused by the dimensional tolerances of the low-temperature radiator can be reduced; the addition of the right support bracket makes the installation process easier and less strenuous for workers.

[0018] This utility model discloses a liquid cooling system for the power battery of a new energy commercial vehicle, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the working principle is as follows: When the battery needs cooling, the controller of this utility model receives the cooling request from the battery control system. The electronic water pump 15 circulates the high-temperature cooling water from the battery liquid cooling plate 16 to the cooler 5. The low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant in the cooler 5 absorbs the heat from the high-temperature coolant and becomes a medium-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant. At the same time, the coolant in the cooler 5 becomes a low-temperature coolant and enters the battery pack to absorb heat. The electric compressor 7 performs work on the medium-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant to become a high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant. The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant dissipates heat through the water-cooled condenser 10 and becomes a medium-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant. Then, it undergoes adiabatic expansion through the electronic expansion valve 9 to become a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant and enters the cooler to absorb heat from the high-temperature coolant. The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant transfers heat to the coolant through the water-cooled condenser. The coolant discharges the heat from the low-temperature radiator into the environment through the fan 12.

Claims

1. A new energy commercial vehicle power battery liquid cooling system, characterized in that: The device includes a mounting frame (100), a frame skin (200), a primary heat dissipation device, a secondary heat dissipation device, and a tertiary heat dissipation device. The primary, secondary, and tertiary heat dissipation devices are installed inside the mounting frame (100), and a frame skin (200) is provided around the mounting frame (100). The primary heat dissipation device includes a battery liquid cooling plate (16), a second liquid storage tank (11), a second electronic water pump (15), a first temperature sensor (3), a second temperature sensor (4), a cooler (5), a refrigerant main pipeline (300), and a cooling hose (400). The liquid storage tank 2 (11), the electronic water pump 2 (15), and the cooler (5) are fixed on the mounting frame (100). Temperature sensor 1 (3) and temperature sensor 2 (4) are set on the connecting pipe. The refrigerant main pipe (300) and the cooling hose (400) connect the battery liquid cooling plate (16), the cooler (5), and the electronic water pump 2 (15). The secondary heat dissipation device includes temperature and pressure sensor 2 (6), electric compressor (7), temperature and pressure sensor 1 (8), electronic expansion valve (9), and water-cooled condenser (10). The electric compressor (7) and water-cooled condenser (10) are fixed on the mounting frame (100). 0) Fixed on the mounting frame (100), temperature and pressure sensor 2 (6), temperature and pressure sensor 1 (8), and electronic expansion valve (9) are installed on the connecting pipe. The three-stage heat dissipation device includes liquid storage tank 1 (1), fan (12), low-temperature radiator (13), temperature sensor 3 (14), and electronic water pump 1 (2). Liquid storage tank 1 (1), low-temperature radiator (13), and electronic water pump 1 (2) are fixed on the mounting frame (100), and temperature sensor 3 (14) is installed on the connecting pipe. The cooling hose (400) includes a refrigerant branch pipe (401). The liquid-cooled plate refrigerant inlet and outlet pipes (402), the refrigerant main pipe (300), the refrigerant branch pipes (401), and the liquid-cooled plate refrigerant inlet and outlet pipes (402) all include inlet pipes and return pipes. The inlet pipes and return pipes of the refrigerant main pipe (300) are correspondingly provided with the inlet pipes and return pipes of the refrigerant branch pipes (401). The inlet pipes and return pipes of the refrigerant branch pipes (401) are correspondingly provided with the inlet pipes and return pipes of the liquid-cooled plate refrigerant inlet and outlet pipes (402). An angle (α) is provided between the liquid-cooled plate refrigerant inlet and outlet pipes (402) and the refrigerant branch pipes (401).

2. The liquid cooling system for a power battery of a new energy commercial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid cooling plate refrigerant inlet / outlet pipe (402) and the refrigerant branch pipe (401) are provided with an included angle (α) of 40°.

3. The liquid cooling system for a power battery of a new energy commercial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameters of the main refrigerant pipeline (300), the branch refrigerant pipeline (401), and the liquid cooling plate refrigerant inlet and outlet pipeline (402) decrease sequentially.

4. The liquid cooling system for a power battery of a new energy commercial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame skin (200) is provided with an upper grille (201) and a lower grille (202), and the upper grille (201) is inclined relative to the vertical plane.

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