Power supply circuit and electronic device

Abstract

The specification provides a power supply circuit and an electronic device. In the power supply circuit, a first port is connected to an input end of a first voltage conversion circuit through a first switch tube, a second port is connected to the input end of the first voltage conversion circuit through a second switch tube, an output end of the first voltage conversion circuit is connected to a battery and a second voltage conversion circuit, an output end of the second voltage conversion circuit is connected to the first port through a third switch tube and connected to the second port through a fourth switch tube. In the embodiment of the specification, the second voltage conversion circuit is used to independently supply power to the two ports, thereby expanding the port capacity, for example, the two ports can simultaneously support OTG device access, or can support charging of the electronic device while accessing the OTG device, etc., enriching the functions of the electronic device and improving the user experience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to the field of electronic circuit technology, specifically to a power supply circuit and electronic equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the technological advancements in electronic devices, some mobile terminals offer two data interfaces to meet users' functional needs in specific scenarios. For example, tablet computers can have two Type-C ports. In certain situations, one Type-C port can be used to connect a charger, while the other can be used to connect headphones, allowing users to charge and listen to music simultaneously.

[0003] OTG (On The Go) is a technology published by the USB standardization organization, primarily used for data exchange between different devices. A device with OTG functionality is called an OTG device. When an OTG device is plugged into the data interface of a mobile terminal, the mobile terminal needs to provide power to the OTG device.

[0004] However, in related technologies, the OTG power supply function of mobile terminals is limited. For example, when two OTG devices are plugged into two data interfaces simultaneously, it is impossible to power both OTG devices at the same time. Furthermore, charging and OTG devices cannot coexist. This limits the functionality of the mobile terminal and affects the user experience. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to expand the data interface capabilities of mobile terminals and enrich their functions, this specification provides a power supply circuit and an electronic device having the power supply circuit.

[0006] In one aspect, the embodiments of this specification provide a power supply circuit, including a first port, a second port, a first transformer circuit, and a second transformer circuit;

[0007] The first port and the second port are used to connect to external devices. The first port is connected to the input terminal of the first transformer circuit through a first switching transistor, and the second port is connected to the input terminal of the first transformer circuit through a second switching transistor. The output terminal of the first transformer circuit is connected to the battery of the electronic device.

[0008] The input terminal of the second transformer circuit is connected to the output terminal of the first transformer circuit, the output terminal of the second transformer circuit is connected to the first node, the first node is connected to the first port through the third switch, and the first node is connected to the second port through the fourth switch.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first transformer circuit includes a power management circuit, the first port is connected to the input terminal of the power management circuit through the first switching transistor, the second port is connected to the input terminal of the power management circuit through the second switching transistor, and the output terminal of the power management circuit is connected to the battery and the input terminal of the second transformer circuit respectively.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first transformer circuit further includes a charge pump circuit, the first port being connected to the input terminal of the charge pump circuit via the first switching transistor, the second port being connected to the input terminal of the charge pump circuit via the second switching transistor, and the output terminal of the charge pump circuit being connected to the battery and the input terminal of the second transformer circuit, respectively.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first switching transistor includes a first MOSFET and a second MOSFET connected in series, the second switching transistor includes a third MOSFET and a fourth MOSFET connected in series, the parasitic diode of the first MOSFET has the opposite conduction direction to the parasitic diode of the second MOSFET, and the parasitic diode of the third MOSFET has the opposite conduction direction to the parasitic diode of the fourth MOSFET.

[0012] In some embodiments, the power supply circuit further includes a control circuit, which is connected to the control terminals of the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, and the fourth switch, and is used to control the on / off state of each switch.

[0013] In some embodiments, the control circuit is also connected to the control terminal of the second transformer circuit for controlling the power-on and power-off of the second transformer circuit.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first switch and the second switch are high-level turn-on switches, and the control terminals of the first switch and the second switch are connected to the charge pump circuit, and the on and off states are controlled by the output voltage of the charge pump circuit.

[0015] In some embodiments, the power supply circuit further includes a protection circuit located between the second transformer circuit and the first node, the protection circuit being used to disconnect the circuit in the event of an overload.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of this specification provide an electronic device including the power supply circuit described in any of the above embodiments.

[0017] In some embodiments, the electronic device includes a tablet computer, with the first port located on one long side of the tablet computer and the second port located on one short side of the tablet computer.

[0018] In the power supply circuit described in this specification, the first port is connected to the input terminal of the first transformer circuit via a first switching transistor, and the second port is connected to the input terminal of the first transformer circuit via a second switching transistor. The output terminal of the first transformer circuit is connected to the battery and the second transformer circuit. The output terminal of the second transformer circuit is connected to the first port via a third switching transistor and to the second port via a fourth switching transistor. In this embodiment, the second transformer circuit provides independent power to the two ports, thereby expanding port capabilities. For example, the two ports can simultaneously support OTG device access, or support charging an electronic device while simultaneously connecting an OTG device, enriching the functionality of the electronic device and improving the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of this specification, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of this specification. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply circuit of an electronic device in related technologies.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another power supply circuit for electronic devices in related technologies.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply circuit in some embodiments of this specification.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the power supply circuit in some embodiments of this specification.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the power supply circuit in some embodiments of this specification.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the power supply circuit in some embodiments of this specification.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the power supply circuit in some embodiments of this specification.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of the power supply circuit in some embodiments of this specification.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply circuit in some embodiments of this specification.

[0029] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first switching transistor in some embodiments of this specification.

[0030] Figure 11 This is a circuit diagram of the power supply circuit in some embodiments of this specification.

[0031] Figure 12 This is a circuit diagram of the power supply circuit in some embodiments of this specification.

[0032] Figure 13 This is a circuit diagram of the power supply circuit in some embodiments of this specification.

[0033] Figure 14 These are structural block diagrams of electronic devices in some embodiments of this specification. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this specification, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this specification. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this specification described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0035] OTG (On The Go) is a technology published by the USB standardization organization, mainly used for data exchange between different devices. A device with OTG functionality is called an OTG device. An OTG device can act as a master device or a slave device.

[0036] Common OTG devices include USB flash drives, Type-C earphones, and mobile phone dongles. When a terminal device detects another OTG device connected, it can supply power to the OTG device through its internal power supply circuitry. For example, after a user inserts a USB flash drive into the phone's charging port, the phone can detect the presence of an OTG device and thus supply power to the USB flash drive through the charging port.

[0037] In related technologies, the OTG power supply of terminal devices is generally provided by the PMIC (Power Management Integrated Circuit) of the terminal device. The operating voltage of common OTG devices is 5V, while the battery of the terminal device is generally 3.7V to 4.3V. The PMIC of the terminal device boosts the battery voltage to 5V before outputting it.

[0038] Figure 1 This illustrates a power supply circuit scheme for a terminal device with a single Type-C interface in the related art. See also... Figure 1 As shown, the power supply circuit of the terminal device includes a Type-C interface, a PMIC, and a charge pump. The PMIC and charge pump are generally integrated chips.

[0039] When the terminal device is charging, the Type-C interface is connected to the charger. In this case, the charger acts as the power source, and the terminal device is the power consumer. The current flow direction at this time can be referred to... Figure 1 The direction of the black dashed arrow in the image indicates that after the power supply enters the device through the Type-C interface, one branch goes through the PMIC to power the system load and charge the battery, while the other branch goes through the charge pump to step down the voltage and charge the battery.

[0040] During the charging process, the PMIC can handshake with the charger via the CC line to implement the fast charging protocol. If the handshake is successful, the corresponding fast charging protocol can be achieved through the charge pump. The fast charging protocol may include, for example, the PD (Power Delivery) fast charging protocol, the QC (Quick Charge) fast charging protocol, or other proprietary fast charging protocols. This disclosure does not limit the specific protocols.

[0041] When an OTG device is plugged into a Type-C port, the terminal device detects that the plugged device is an OTG device (such as a USB flash drive or headphones). Therefore, the terminal device needs to act as a power source, and the OTG device acts as the power consumer. The current flow at this time can be referenced... Figure 1 The red dashed arrow in the image indicates that the terminal device's battery is boosted by the boost circuit inside the PMIC and then supplies power to the OTG device through the Type-C interface.

[0042] With the technological advancements in electronic devices, users have increasingly diverse functional requirements, making it difficult for traditional single Type-C interfaces to meet these needs. To address user demands in specific scenarios, some terminal devices employ dual Type-C interfaces. For instance, some tablets feature two Type-C ports, allowing users to connect a charger to one port while simultaneously connecting other devices to transfer data via the other, thus expanding the interface's functionality.

[0043] For example Figure 2 The power supply circuit scheme for a terminal device with dual Type-C interfaces in the related art is shown. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the terminal device includes two Type C interfaces, namely Type C 1 and Type C 2, and the power supply circuit is switched by a switch.

[0044] When an OTG device is plugged into the Type C1 interface, the switch switches to Type C1 interface on. At this time, the terminal device's battery, after being boosted by the PMIC's internal boost circuit, powers the OTG device via the Type C1 interface after passing through the switch. When an OTG device is plugged into the Type C2 interface, the switch switches to Type C2 interface on. At this time, the terminal device's battery, after being boosted by the PMIC's internal boost circuit, powers the OTG device via the Type C2 interface after passing through the switch.

[0045] exist Figure 2 In the related technical solutions shown, the power supply circuit has limited functionality, affecting the user experience. For example, in an exemplary scenario, if two Type-C ports are plugged into OTG devices, since the switch can only turn on one power supply at a time, it can only support power supply for one OTG device at a time, and cannot power two OTG devices simultaneously.

[0046] For example, in another exemplary scenario, if an OTG device is plugged into the Type C1 interface and a charger is plugged into the Type C2 interface, the charging and discharging circuits of the PMIC will conflict, resulting in the OTG device being powered and the terminal device being charged simultaneously. In other words, it is not possible to connect one interface to the charger to charge the device while the other interface is connected to the OTG device.

[0047] As can be seen from the above, the circuitry of dual Type-C interfaces in the relevant technical solutions is relatively limited, which restricts the functional expansion of terminal devices and reduces the user experience.

[0048] Based on this, the embodiments of this specification provide a power supply circuit and an electronic device having the power supply circuit, aiming to expand interface capabilities by improving the dual-interface power supply circuit architecture, such as enabling simultaneous power supply to two OTG devices, charging the electronic device while connecting to an OTG device, etc., thereby enriching the functions of the mobile terminal and improving the user experience.

[0049] In some embodiments, this specification provides a power supply circuit that can be applied to an electronic device, which can be any suitable type of device, such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, wearable device, etc., and this specification does not limit it.

[0050] Figure 3 This specification shows schematic diagrams of the power supply circuits in some embodiments. The following is a description of the circuits in conjunction with... Figure 3 Please provide an explanation.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown in the diagram, the power supply circuit in this specification includes a first port, a second port, a first transformer circuit, and a second transformer circuit.

[0052] The first port and the second port refer to the power interface of the electronic device. In the embodiments described in this specification, the first port and the second port can serve as both charging and discharging interfaces. The first port and the second port are used to connect external devices. When the electronic device acts as a power source, the external device may be, for example, an OTG device. When the electronic device acts as a sink, the external device may be, for example, a charger.

[0053] In the embodiments described in this specification, the first port and the second port can be any type of interface, such as USB (Universal Serial Bus)-A interface, Micro USB interface, USB Type C interface, etc., and this specification does not limit them.

[0054] In electronic devices, the first port and the second port can be located on different parts of the device. For example, in a mobile phone, the first port can be located on the top side, and the second port can be located on the bottom side. Similarly, in a tablet computer, the first port can be located on the long side, and the second port can be located on the short side. Those skilled in the art will understand this, and it will not be elaborated further in this specification.

[0055] The first and second transformer circuits refer to DC / DC (DCDC) voltage conversion circuits. Depending on the circuit function requirements, the first and second transformer circuits can be boost circuits, buck circuits, or buck-boost circuits.

[0056] The first port is connected to the input terminal of the first transformer circuit through the first switch S1, the second port is connected to the input terminal of the first transformer circuit through the second switch S2, and the output terminal of the first transformer circuit is connected to the battery of the electronic device. Thus, the first transformer circuit is used to form a charging circuit for charging the battery of the electronic device.

[0057] In some embodiments, the first transformer circuit may include a PMIC chip of the electronic device. It is understood that the PMIC chip integrates a DC-DC converter for charging the battery, such as a BUCK circuit. However, the charging power provided by a typical PMIC chip is relatively small and cannot meet the fast charging requirements of electronic devices. Therefore, in electronic devices with fast charging capabilities, the first transformer circuit may further include a charge pump (CP) circuit. A charge pump circuit is a switched-capacitor voltage converter. Charge pumps have high electrical efficiency and are therefore widely used in fast charging circuits of terminal devices as high-power fast charging circuits. This will be described in detail below.

[0058] Continue to refer to Figure 3As shown, the input terminal of the second transformer circuit is connected to the output terminal of the first transformer circuit; that is, the input terminal of the second transformer circuit is connected to the battery. The output terminal of the second transformer circuit is connected to the first node P, which is the output terminal node of the second transformer circuit. The rear end of the first node P includes two branches. In one branch, the first node P is connected to the first port through the third switch S3; in the other branch, the first node P is connected to the second port through the fourth switch S4.

[0059] In the embodiments described in this specification, the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3, and the fourth switch S4 are all switching devices that can be driven to control the on / off state of their respective circuits. The switching devices include, but are not limited to, MOS (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) switches, transistor switches, etc.

[0060] In order to realize the on / off control of each switching transistor, the power supply circuit may further include a control circuit, which may be, for example, a processor of an electronic device or a power manager, etc., which will be described in detail in the embodiments later in this specification, and will not be described in detail here.

[0061] exist Figure 3 In the power supply circuit shown, the charging of electronic devices is achieved by the first transformer circuit, while the discharging of electronic devices (such as powering OTG devices) is achieved by the second transformer circuit. To facilitate understanding of the power supply circuit principle, the control logic of the power supply circuit will be explained below in conjunction with various scenarios.

[0062] Scenario 1: The charger is connected to the first port, and no device is inserted into the second port.

[0063] When a charger is plugged into the first port of the electronic device, the electronic device detects the charger insertion. At this time, the on / off states of the first switch S1 to the fourth switch S4 are as shown in Table 1 below:

[0064] Table 1: On / Off State of Switching Transistors

[0065] Switching transistor On / off state S1 Conductivity S2 disconnect S3 disconnect S4 disconnect

[0066] In this scenario, the electronic device controls the first switch S1 to turn on, while switches S2 through S4 are all turned off. At this time, the current flow is as follows: Figure 4As shown by the red dashed arrow, power enters the device from the first port, passes through the first switching transistor S1, and enters the first transformer circuit. The first transformer circuit, through protocol interaction and voltage regulation, outputs voltage to the battery to charge it. Of course, the output of the first transformer circuit can also be connected to a system load, supplying power to the system while charging; this is understandable to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated further.

[0067] Scenario 2: The charger is connected to the second port, and no device is inserted into the first port.

[0068] When a charger is plugged into the second port of the electronic device, the electronic device detects the charger insertion. At this time, the on / off states of the first switch S1 to the fourth switch S4 are as shown in Table 2:

[0069] Table 2: On / Off Status of Switching Transistors

[0070] Switching transistor On / off state S1 disconnect S2 Conductivity S3 disconnect S4 disconnect

[0071] In this scenario, the electronic device controls the second switch S2 to turn on, while switches S1, S3, and S4 are all turned off. At this time, the current flow is as follows: Figure 4 As shown by the green dashed arrow, power enters the device from the second port, passes through the second switch S2, and enters the first transformer circuit. The first transformer circuit, through protocol interaction and voltage regulation, outputs voltage to the battery to charge it. Of course, the output of the first transformer circuit can also be connected to a system load, supplying power to the system while charging; this is understandable to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated further.

[0072] Scenario 3: Both the first and second ports are connected to the charger.

[0073] When a charger is plugged into both the first and second ports of an electronic device, the device detects that a charger is plugged into both ports. It's understandable that the charging protocols of the two ports may differ, making it difficult to coordinate and control the charging current and voltage. To avoid damaging the circuit, a priority order can be pre-set for the two ports. If a charger is plugged into both ports simultaneously, only the port with the higher priority will be charged.

[0074] For example, in one scenario, the charging priority of the first port and the second port is: the first port has a higher priority than the second port. When the charger is plugged into both the first and second ports simultaneously, the on / off states of the first switch S1 to the fourth switch S4 are shown in Table 3 below:

[0075] Table 3: On / Off State of Switching Transistors

[0076] Switching transistor On / off state S1 Conductivity S2 disconnect S3 disconnect S4 disconnect

[0077] In this scenario, the electronic device controls the first switch S1 to turn on, while switches S2 through S4 are all turned off. At this time, the current flow is as follows: Figure 4 As shown by the red dashed arrow in the diagram, power enters the device from the first port, passes through the first switching transistor S1, and enters the first transformer circuit. The first transformer circuit outputs voltage to the battery through protocol interaction, voltage regulation and transformation, etc., to charge the battery.

[0078] Scenario 4: The first port is connected to an OTG device, and the second port is empty.

[0079] When an OTG device is inserted into the first port of the electronic device, the electronic device detects the insertion of the OTG device. At this time, the on / off states of the first switch S1 to the fourth switch S4 are as shown in Table 4 below:

[0080] Table 4: On / Off Status of Switching Transistors

[0081] Switching transistor On / off state S1 disconnect S2 disconnect S3 Conductivity S4 disconnect

[0082] In this scenario, the electronic device controls the third switch S3 to turn on, while switches S1, S2, and S4 are all turned off. At this time, the current flow is as follows: Figure 5 As shown by the red dashed arrow in the diagram, the power is supplied by the battery of the electronic device. After passing through the second transformer circuit, as mentioned above, the battery voltage is generally 3.7V to 4.3V. The second transformer circuit can boost the battery voltage to the voltage required by the OTG device (e.g., 5V) for output. Then, after passing through the third switch S3, since the first switch S1 is in the open state, the current is output from the first port to the OTG device to power the OTG device.

[0083] Scenario 5: An OTG device is connected to the second port, and no device is inserted into the first port.

[0084] When an OTG device is inserted into the second port of the electronic device, the electronic device detects the insertion of the OTG device. At this time, the on / off states of the first switch S1 to the fourth switch S4 are as shown in Table 5 below:

[0085] Table 5: On / Off Status of Switching Transistors

[0086] Switching transistor On / off state S1 disconnect S2 disconnect S3 disconnect S4 Conductivity

[0087] In this scenario, the electronic device controls the fourth switch S4 to turn on, while switches S1 through S3 are all turned off. At this time, the current flow is as follows: Figure 5As shown by the green dashed arrow, the power is supplied by the battery of the electronic device. After passing through the second transformer circuit, as mentioned above, the battery voltage is generally 3.7V to 4.3V. The second transformer circuit can boost the battery voltage to the voltage required by the OTG device (e.g., 5V) for output. Then, after passing through the fourth switch S4, since the second switch S2 is in the open state, the current is output from the second port to the OTG device to power the OTG device.

[0088] Scenario 6: The first port is connected to OTG device 1, and the second port is connected to OTG device 2.

[0089] When an OTG device is inserted into both the first and second ports of the electronic device, the electronic device detects the insertion of the OTG device. At this time, the on / off states of the first switch S1 to the fourth switch S4 are as shown in Table 6 below:

[0090] Table 6: On / Off Status of Switching Transistors

[0091] Switching transistor On / off state S1 disconnect S2 disconnect S3 Conductivity S4 Conductivity

[0092] In this scenario, the electronic device controls the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 to turn on, while switches S1 and S2 are both turned off. At this time, the current flow is as follows: Figure 6 As shown by the red dashed arrow, the power source, supplied by the battery of the electronic device, splits into two branches after passing through the second transformer circuit. The current from one branch flows through the third switch S3 to the first port, powering OTG device 1 at that port. The current from the other branch flows through the fourth switch S4 to the second port, powering OTG device 2 at that port. This allows both ports to power the OTG devices simultaneously.

[0093] Scenario 7: The first port is connected to an OTG device, and the second port is connected to a charger.

[0094] When an OTG device is plugged into the first port of the electronic device and a charger is plugged into the second port, the electronic device detects the insertion of the OTG device and the charger. At this time, the on / off states of the first switch S1 to the fourth switch S4 are as shown in Table 7 below:

[0095] Table 7: On / Off Status of Switching Transistors

[0096] Switching transistor On / off state S1 disconnect S2 Conductivity S3 Conductivity S4 disconnect

[0097] In this scenario, the electronic device controls the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4 to be disconnected, while the second switch S2 and the third switch S3 are turned on.

[0098] At this time, the current flows as follows Figure 7As shown by the red dashed arrow, the power supply current enters the device through the second port, passes through the second switch S2, and then reaches the first transformer circuit. The first transformer circuit, through protocol interaction and voltage regulation, divides the output current into two branches. One branch charges the battery, while the other branch enters the second transformer circuit. The second transformer circuit converts the voltage output from the first transformer circuit into the voltage required by the OTG device, and then, after passing through the third switch S3, reaches the first port to power the OTG device connected to that port. This allows for one port to power the OTG device and another port to charge the electronic device's battery.

[0099] Scenario 8: The second port is connected to an OTG device, and the first port is connected to a charger.

[0100] Similar to scenario 7 above, the on / off states of the first switch S1 to the fourth switch S4 are shown in Table 8 below:

[0101] Table 8: On / Off Status of Switching Transistors

[0102] Switching transistor On / off state S1 Conductivity S2 disconnect S3 disconnect S4 Conductivity

[0103] In this scenario, the electronic device controls the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4 to be turned on, while the second switch S2 and the third switch S3 are turned off.

[0104] At this time, the current flows as follows Figure 8 As shown by the red dashed arrow, the power supply current enters the device through the first port, passes through the first switch S1, and then reaches the first transformer circuit. The first transformer circuit, through protocol interaction and voltage regulation, divides the output current into two branches. One branch charges the battery, while the other branch enters the second transformer circuit. The second transformer circuit converts the voltage output from the first transformer circuit into the voltage required by the OTG device, and then, after passing through the fourth switch S4, reaches the second port to power the OTG device at that port. This allows for one port to power the OTG device and another port to charge the electronic device's battery.

[0105] As can be seen from the examples in scenarios 1 to 8 above, the solution in this manual, through the improved circuit structure, can enable two ports to simultaneously power OTG devices and connect OTG devices while charging the battery. Compared with traditional power supply circuit solutions, the circuit in this manual supports more circuit functions, greatly enhances port capabilities, enriches mobile terminal functions, and improves user experience.

[0106] Figure 9 This specification shows schematic diagrams of the power supply circuits in some embodiments. The following is a description of the circuits in conjunction with... Figure 9 This specification provides further details on the proposed solution.

[0107] In the embodiments described in this specification, the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3, and the fourth switch S4 can be transistor switches, such as MOSFETs, triodes, etc.

[0108] For example Figure 9 In the example, switches S1 to S4 are all MOSFETs. A MOSFET has three terminals: gate (G), source (S), and drain (D). The basic working principle of a MOSFET is that by applying a control level to the gate (G), the source (S) and drain (D) are turned on or off. MOSFETs can be divided into NMOS and PMOS, and according to different control levels, they can be divided into enhancement-mode and depletion-mode. In the embodiments of this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, there are no restrictions on the type of MOSFET, and all types can implement the scheme of this disclosure.

[0109] See Figure 9 As shown, the first transformer circuit includes a power management circuit (PMIC) and a charge pump circuit (CP), and the second transformer circuit may include a DC-DC transformer circuit. In the embodiments of this specification, the power management circuit (PMIC), the charge pump circuit (CP), and the DC-DC converter can all be implemented using integrated circuits. For example, the charge pump circuit can be a charge pump chip, the power management circuit can be a PMIC chip, and the DC-DC converter circuit can be a BOOST chip.

[0110] Power Management Interface (PMIC) circuits are primarily used for power management in electronic devices, such as power distribution, battery charge / discharge management, and voltage conversion. PMICs have basic transformer functions; for example, they typically integrate a buck converter circuit, enabling basic power charging of the battery. Charge pump circuits (CP) are switched-capacitor voltage converters. In terminal devices, charge pump circuits are usually buck converters, operating in modes such as 2:1 and 4:1. Charge pump circuits can achieve high-power charging, and combined with the fast charging protocol of the PMIC, they can be used to achieve high-power, fast charging of electronic devices.

[0111] like Figure 9 As shown, the first port is connected to the input of the power management circuit's PMIC and the input of the charge pump circuit CP via the first switch S1. Similarly, the second port is connected to the input of the power management circuit's PMIC and the input of the charge pump circuit CP via the second switch S2. Therefore, both ports can achieve the same charging function using the power management circuit PMIC and the charge pump circuit CP. The outputs of both the power management circuit PMIC and the charge pump circuit CP are connected to the battery, thereby enabling the charging of the electronic device's battery.

[0112] The input terminal of the second transformer circuit DC-DC is connected to the output terminal of the power management circuit PMIC and the charge pump circuit CP. Therefore, the second transformer circuit DC-DC can be powered by the power management circuit PMIC, the charge pump circuit CP or a battery.

[0113] The output of the second transformer circuit (DCDC) is connected to the first node P via an overvoltage protection circuit (OVP). The function of the OVP is to disconnect the circuit when the circuit load is too high, such as when the voltage or current exceeds a safe threshold, thereby preventing overvoltage damage to the circuit. One branch of the first node P is connected to the first port via the third switch S3, and the other branch is connected to the second port via the fourth switch S4.

[0114] In this example, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 can be PMOS. PMOS is characterized by being turned on at a low level, that is, the source (S) and drain (D) are turned on when the gate (G) voltage is low, and the source (S) and drain (D) are turned off when the gate (G) voltage is low.

[0115] like Figure 9 As shown, the control terminal (i.e., gate) of the third switch S3 and the control terminal of the fourth switch S4 can be connected to a control circuit. This control circuit can be a processor of an electronic device, for example, connected to the processor's GPIO (General Purpose Input / Output) pin. The processor outputs control signal OTG_3 to the control terminal of the third switch S3 and control signal OTG_4 to the control terminal of the fourth switch S4 through the GPIO pin. When control signal OTG_3 is low, the third switch S3 is turned on; otherwise, it is turned off. Similarly, when control signal OTG_4 is low, the fourth switch S4 is turned on; otherwise, it is turned off.

[0116] The control terminal of the second transformer circuit DC-DC is connected to the control circuit, which controls the power-on and power-off of the second transformer circuit DC-DC. It can be understood that when no OTG device is inserted, the second transformer circuit DC-DC can be powered off at both the first and second ports, thereby reducing power consumption. When an OTG device is detected, the control circuit can control the second transformer circuit DC-DC to power on and start working.

[0117] For example, in one scenario, the control circuit uses a processor in an electronic device. The control terminal of the second transformer circuit (DC-CDC) can be connected to the processor's GPIO pin. The processor then outputs an enable signal (OTG_EN) to the control terminal of the second transformer circuit (DC-CDC) through the GPIO pin. For instance, when the enable signal OTG_EN is high, the second transformer circuit (DC-CDC) powers on and operates; conversely, when it is low, the second transformer circuit (DC-CDC) powers off, thereby reducing device power consumption.

[0118] In some implementations, the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 can be composed of two MOSFETs connected in series and flowing in opposite directions to form a reverse connection protection switch to prevent current backflow.

[0119] For example, taking the first switching transistor S1 as an example. Figure 10 The structure of the first switching transistor S1 is shown; see [link / reference]. Figure 10 As shown, the first switch S1 includes a first MOSFET 610 and a second MOSFET 620. The source S of the first MOSFET 610 is connected to the first port, and the drain D of the first MOSFET 610 is connected to the drain D of the second MOSFET 620. The source of the second MOSFET 620 is connected to the input terminals of the PMIC and CP. It can be understood that the MOSFET includes a parasitic diode (also called a body diode). To prevent leakage current from the parasitic diode of a single MOSFET in the off state, in this embodiment, the conduction direction of the parasitic diode 611 of the first MOSFET 610 is opposite to the conduction direction of the parasitic diode 621 of the second MOSFET 620. Since the current flows in opposite directions through the two parasitic diodes, a cutoff effect can be formed regardless of the direction, effectively preventing leakage current from a single MOSFET. Similarly, the structure of the second switch S2 can be referred to... Figure 10 I will not go into details about that.

[0120] In some implementations, the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 can be NMOS. The characteristic of NMOS is that it is turned on when the control terminal (i.e., the gate) voltage is high, that is, the switch is turned on when the control terminal (i.e., the gate) voltage is high, and the switch is turned off when the control terminal (i.e., the gate) voltage is low.

[0121] In the example provided, to achieve high-level control of the first switch S1 and the second switch S2, the control terminals of the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 can be connected to a charge pump circuit. For example, they can be connected to the OVP port of the charge pump circuit CP. The charge pump circuit CP outputs control signal OTG_1 to the control terminal of the first switch S1 and control signal OTG_2 to the control terminal of the second switch S2 through the OVP port. When control signal OTG_1 is high, the first switch S1 is turned on; otherwise, it is turned off. Similarly, when control signal OTG_2 is high, the second switch S2 is turned on; otherwise, it is turned off.

[0122] Of course, those skilled in the art will understand that when the voltage value of the processor output signal of the electronic device meets the turn-on voltage of the first switch S1 and the second switch S2, the control terminals of the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 can also be connected to the processor and controlled by the processor to turn on and off. This specification will not elaborate further.

[0123] like Figure 11 As shown, when the charger is plugged into the first port, the first switch S1 is turned on, and the other switches are turned off. At this time, the charging current is as follows: Figure 11 As indicated by the red dashed arrow, the power supply current enters the device through the first port, passes through the first switching transistor S1, and reaches the power management circuit and charge pump circuit. It can be understood that the power management circuit PMIC and the charge pump circuit CP can operate simultaneously, or one of them can operate selectively; the specific implementation depends on the charging protocol, which will not be elaborated further in this manual. The current output from the power management circuit PMIC and / or the charge pump circuit CP reaches the battery of the electronic device, thus charging the battery.

[0124] When the charger is plugged into the second port, the second switch S2 is turned on, and the other switches are turned off. At this time, the charging current is as follows: Figure 11 As indicated by the green dashed arrow, the principle is the same as described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0125] like Figure 12 As shown, when an OTG device is simultaneously inserted into the first and second ports, the electronic device detects the insertion and the processor sends a high-level enable signal OTG_EN to the second transformer circuit DC-DC, thereby controlling the second transformer circuit DC-DC to power on and start. After the second transformer circuit DC-DC stabilizes (e.g., after a 1-second delay), it controls the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 to turn off, while the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 turn on. At this time, the current flow can be as follows: Figure 12 As shown by the red dashed arrow, when the power current supplied by the battery passes through the second transformer circuit DC-DC, the second transformer circuit DC-DC increases the battery voltage Vbat (approximately 3.7V to 4.3V) to the voltage required by the OTG device (such as 5V). Then, it powers the OTG device at the first port through the third switch S3, and simultaneously powers the OTG device at the second port through the fourth switch S4, thus enabling simultaneous power supply to two OTG devices.

[0126] like Figure 13As shown, when a charger is plugged into the first port and an OTG device is plugged into the second port, the electronic device detects the OTG device plugged into the second port. The processor sends a high-level enable signal OTG_EN to the second transformer circuit DC-DC converter, thereby controlling the second transformer circuit DC-DC converter to power on and start. Simultaneously, detecting the charger plugged into the first port, the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4 are turned off, while the second switch S2 and the third switch S3 are turned on. At this time, the current flow can be as follows: Figure 13 The direction indicated by the red dashed arrow in the middle.

[0127] The power supply current enters the device through the first port, passes through the first switch S1, and reaches the power management circuit (PMIC) and charge pump circuit (CP). It is understood that the PMIC and CP can operate simultaneously, or one of them can operate selectively; the specific implementation depends on the charging protocol, which will not be elaborated upon in this manual. The current output from the PMIC and / or CP is divided into two branches: one branch charges the battery, and the other branch enters the second transformer circuit (DCDC). The second transformer circuit (DCDC) converts the voltage to the voltage required by the OTG device, and then, after passing through the fourth switch S4, reaches the second port to power the OTG device at the second port. This allows for one port to power the OTG device and another port to charge the electronic device's battery.

[0128] As can be seen from the above, in the embodiments of this specification, by improving the power supply circuit architecture of the electronic device, the second transformer circuit is used to power the two charging ports, thereby expanding the port capabilities. For example, the two ports can support the simultaneous access of OTG devices, or can support the simultaneous charging of electronic devices and the access of OTG devices, thus enriching the functions of electronic devices and improving the user experience.

[0129] In some embodiments, this specification provides an electronic device that includes the power supply circuitry of any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0130] In some embodiments, the electronic device described herein may be any type of device suitable for implementation, such as a smartphone, tablet computer, laptop computer, wearable device, etc., and this disclosure does not limit it.

[0131] For example, in one embodiment, the electronic device is a tablet computer. Tablet computers generally offer both landscape and portrait modes, so their shape is typically rectangular, consisting of two long sides and two short sides. In some embodiments of this specification, the two ports of the power supply circuit can be located on different sides of the tablet computer. For example, the first port can be located on the long side of the tablet computer, and the second port can be located on the short side, thereby preventing the two ports from interfering with each other when connected to external devices.

[0132] Figure 14 The diagram illustrates the electronic device structure in some embodiments of this specification, which will be discussed below in conjunction with... Figure 14 The terminal devices of some embodiments described in this specification are explained.

[0133] Reference Figure 14 The terminal device 1800 may include one or more of the following components: processing component 1802, memory 1804, power supply component 1806, multimedia component 1808, audio component 1810, input / output (I / O) interface 1812, sensor component 1816, and communication component 1818.

[0134] Processing component 1802 typically controls the overall operation of terminal device 1800, such as operations associated with display, telephone calls, data communication, camera operation, and recording operations. Processing component 1802 may include one or more processors 1820 to execute instructions. Furthermore, processing component 1802 may include one or more modules to facilitate interaction between processing component 1802 and other components. For example, processing component 1802 may include a multimedia module to facilitate interaction between multimedia component 1808 and processing component 1802. As another example, processing component 1802 may read executable instructions from memory to implement relevant functions of the terminal device.

[0135] Memory 1804 is configured to store various types of data to support the operation of terminal device 1800. Examples of this data include instructions for any application or method operating on terminal device 1800, contact data, phonebook data, messages, pictures, videos, etc. Memory 1804 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0136] Power supply component 1806 provides power to various components of terminal device 1800. Power supply component 1806 may include a power management system, one or more power supplies, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power to terminal device 1800.

[0137] The multimedia component 1808 includes a display screen that provides an output interface between the terminal device 1800 and the user. In some embodiments, the multimedia component 1808 includes a front-facing camera and / or a rear-facing camera. When the terminal device 1800 is in an operating mode, such as a shooting mode or a video mode, the front-facing camera and / or the rear-facing camera can receive external multimedia data. Each front-facing camera and rear-facing camera can be a fixed optical lens system or have focal length and optical zoom capabilities.

[0138] Audio component 1810 is configured to output and / or input audio signals. For example, audio component 1810 includes a microphone (MIC) configured to receive external audio signals when terminal device 1800 is in an operating mode, such as call mode, recording mode, and voice recognition mode. The received audio signals may be further stored in memory 1804 or transmitted via communication component 1818. In some embodiments, audio component 1810 also includes a speaker for outputting audio signals.

[0139] I / O interface 1812 provides an interface between processing component 1802 and peripheral interface modules, such as keyboards, click wheels, buttons, etc. These buttons may include, but are not limited to, home buttons, volume buttons, power buttons, and lock buttons.

[0140] Sensor assembly 1816 includes one or more sensors for providing status assessments of various aspects of terminal device 1800. For example, sensor assembly 1816 can detect the on / off state of terminal device 1800, the relative positioning of components such as the display and keypad of terminal device 1800, changes in position of terminal device 1800 or a component of terminal device 1800, the presence or absence of user contact with terminal device 1800, the orientation or acceleration / deceleration of terminal device 1800, and temperature changes of terminal device 1800. Sensor assembly 1816 may include a proximity sensor configured to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact. Sensor assembly 1816 may also include a light sensor, such as a CMOS or CCD image sensor, for use in imaging applications. In some embodiments, sensor assembly 1816 may also include an accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, pressure sensor, or temperature sensor.

[0141] Communication component 1818 is configured to facilitate wired or wireless communication between terminal device 1800 and other devices. Terminal device 1800 can access wireless networks based on communication standards, such as Wi-Fi, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, or 6G, or combinations thereof. In one exemplary embodiment, communication component 1818 receives broadcast signals or broadcast-related information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel. In one exemplary embodiment, communication component 1818 also includes a near-field communication (NFC) module to facilitate short-range communication. For example, the NFC module may be implemented based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, Infrared Data Association (IrDA) technology, ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, Bluetooth (BT) technology, and other technologies.

[0142] In an exemplary embodiment, the terminal device 1800 may be implemented by one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic components.

[0143] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clear illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all embodiments here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom remain within the scope of protection created by this specification.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit, characterized in that, Includes a first port, a second port, a first transformer circuit, and a second transformer circuit; The first port and the second port are used to connect to external devices. The first port is connected to the input terminal of the first transformer circuit through a first switching transistor, and the second port is connected to the input terminal of the first transformer circuit through a second switching transistor. The output terminal of the first transformer circuit is connected to the battery of the electronic device. The input terminal of the second transformer circuit is connected to the output terminal of the first transformer circuit, the output terminal of the second transformer circuit is connected to the first node, the first node is connected to the first port through the third switch, and the first node is connected to the second port through the fourth switch.

2. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first transformer circuit includes a power management circuit. The first port is connected to the input terminal of the power management circuit through the first switching transistor, and the second port is connected to the input terminal of the power management circuit through the second switching transistor. The output terminal of the power management circuit is connected to the battery and the input terminal of the second transformer circuit, respectively.

3. The power supply circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first transformer circuit further includes a charge pump circuit. The first port is connected to the input terminal of the charge pump circuit through the first switching transistor, and the second port is connected to the input terminal of the charge pump circuit through the second switching transistor. The output terminal of the charge pump circuit is connected to the battery and the input terminal of the second transformer circuit, respectively.

4. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first switching transistor includes a first MOSFET and a second MOSFET connected in series. The second switching transistor includes a third MOSFET and a fourth MOSFET connected in series. The parasitic diode of the first MOSFET has the opposite conduction direction to the parasitic diode of the second MOSFET, and the parasitic diode of the third MOSFET has the opposite conduction direction to the parasitic diode of the fourth MOSFET.

5. The power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It also includes a control circuit, which is connected to the control terminals of the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, and the fourth switch, and is used to control the on / off state of each switch.

6. The power supply circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The control circuit is also connected to the control terminal of the second transformer circuit, and is used to control the power-on and power-off of the second transformer circuit.

7. The power supply circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first and second switching transistors are high-level conducting switching transistors. The control terminals of the first and second switching transistors are connected to the charge pump circuit, and their on / off state is controlled by the output voltage of the charge pump circuit.

8. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a protection circuit, which is located between the second transformer circuit and the first node, and is used to disconnect the circuit when the circuit is overloaded.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a tablet computer, with the first port located on the long side of one side of the tablet computer and the second port located on the short side of one side of the tablet computer.

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