Impact-resistant constant pressure anchor rod structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of anchoring and supporting, especially to an impact-resistant constant-pressure anchor rod structure, which comprises an anchor rod, an anchor head and a yielding assembly, the anchor rod is fixed to the bottom of a hole wall through the anchor head, the yielding assembly is installed at the outer end of the anchor rod, the anchor rod is a hollow rod, the middle hole serves as a grouting hole, the yielding assembly comprises a yielding inner core and an anchor rod screw connection, the front end of the yielding inner core abuts against a yielding sleeve, under the action of constant external force, the yielding inner core moves forward along the inner wall of the yielding sleeve, resists impact pressure, by setting constant parameters, the resistance that the yielding inner core receives when moving forward is constant, when the geology changes, the working resistance of the anchor rod remains constant, and the impact-resistant effect is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of anchoring support technology, and in particular to an impact-resistant constant pressure anchor structure. Background Technology

[0002] Anchor bolt support is a commonly used reinforcement and support method in surface engineering projects such as slopes and deep foundation pits, as well as in underground chamber construction such as tunnels and mining areas. The construction process involves first drilling holes in advance, then embedding anchor bolts in them, and finally fixing the bolts by using anchor heads and filling anchoring materials. This support method has significant advantages such as simple construction, low cost, and high safety.

[0003] As resource development continues to deepen, the use of rock bolt support technology is increasingly necessary when constructing projects in unstable rock formations. However, in complex physical environments such as high permeability, mining disturbances, and large rock deformations, existing rock bolt support structures, which install the base at the borehole wall, the anchor head at the bottom of the borehole, and fill the space between the base and the anchor head with supporting material to form a single unit with the rock mass, are prone to deformation or even fracture in the middle when subjected to strong concentrated stress, leading to anchoring failure.

[0004] Based on the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model proposes an impact-resistant constant pressure anchor structure. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide an impact-resistant constant pressure anchor structure to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: an impact-resistant constant pressure anchor bolt structure, including an anchor bolt, an anchor head, and a base. The anchor bolt is fixed to the bottom of the hole wall by the anchor head. It includes a pressure-relief assembly, which includes a pressure-relief sleeve and a pressure-relief inner core. The pressure-relief sleeve is used to connect with the outer end of the base and the anchor bolt. The pressure-relief inner core is installed on the anchor bolt and its front end abuts against the pressure-relief sleeve. When the anchor bolt is under force, the pressure-relief inner core can slide along the pressure-relief sleeve.

[0007] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the pressure relief sleeve is smaller than the outer diameter of the pressure relief inner core.

[0008] Furthermore, the front end of the pressure relief sleeve is set as a fixed end and welded to the base, and the outer surface of the fixed end of the pressure relief sleeve is uniformly provided with resistance structures.

[0009] Furthermore, the rear end of the pressure relief sleeve is configured as a deformable end, which is shaped like a flared mouth, and the inner wall of the flared mouth abuts against the front end of the pressure relief inner core.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner wall of the pressure-relief sleeve is uniformly provided with multiple conical deformation control grooves, which are located at the deformable end of the pressure-relief sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, an elastic grout stop plug is installed between the front end of the pressure sleeve and the anchor rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the front end of the pressure-relief inner core is provided with an arc-shaped pressure-resistant head, which contacts the inner wall of the pressure-relief sleeve. When the pressure-relief inner core moves forward, the deformation control groove of the pressure-relief sleeve deforms first, thus guiding the deformation of the pressure-relief sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, the pressure-relief sleeve is provided with an outer shell, and several pipes are provided on the surface of the outer shell. The outer ends of the pipes are connected to indicator blocks. The indicator blocks are hollow shells. The pipes and indicator blocks are filled with bright dye. The material of the pipes is different from that of the indicator blocks. The ports of the pipes are fixed to the outer shell. The pipe ports are evenly distributed along the length of the outer shell. A piston is provided inside the pipe. The piston includes a piston head and a piston rod. The piston head is placed in the pipe to block the bright dye. The piston rod extends into the inside of the pressure-relief sleeve, and its end is on the movement path of the pressure-relief inner core.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer shell and the pressure-relief sleeve are fixedly connected by a support filler, and the interior of the outer shell is evenly divided into multiple chambers by a partition, with the chambers communicating with the pressure-relief sleeve.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: An impact-resistant constant pressure anchor bolt structure includes an anchor bolt, an anchor head, and a pressure-relief assembly. The anchor head is installed at the inner end of the anchor bolt, and the pressure-relief assembly is installed at the outer end of the anchor bolt. The pressure-relief assembly includes a pressure-relief inner core and a pressure-relief sleeve. When the geological conditions change and the anchor bolt body is subjected to large stress, it will drag the pressure-relief inner core forward along the pressure-relief sleeve. By setting a specific deformation control groove, it is ensured that the pressure-relief inner core is subjected to constant resistance when moving forward, so that the force on the anchor bolt is maintained within the effective stress range, avoiding anchor bolt breakage and failure, and achieving the effect of impact resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pressure relief component of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the base;

[0019] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the pressure sleeve;

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the inner core for pressure relief;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure relief component in the second embodiment;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pressure relief component in the second embodiment;

[0023] Figure 8 This is an enlarged view of point A.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Anchor bolt; 11. Grouting hole; 2. Pressure relief core; 21. Pressure resisting head; 22. Core thread; 3. Base; 31. Relief hole; 4. Pressure relief sleeve; 41. Protrusion; 42. Pressure relief groove; 5. Grout stop plug; 6. Anchor head; 7. Pipe; 71. Indicator block; 72. Relief tube; 73. Piston head; 74. Piston rod; 8. Outer shell; 81. Support filler; 82. Partition plate. Detailed Implementation

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] like Figure 1-5 As shown, an impact-resistant constant pressure anchor structure includes: an anchor 1, a pressure-relief inner core 2, a base 3, a pressure-relief sleeve 4, a grout stop plug 5, and an anchor head 6.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, an anchor head 6 is installed at the front end of the anchor rod 1, and a pressure-relieving inner core 2 is installed at the rear end. The anchor head 6 is fixed to the bottom of the borehole, and the pressure-relieving inner core 2 is outside the borehole. The front end of the pressure-relieving inner core 2 contacts the flared end of the pressure-relieving sleeve 4, and the outer diameter of the pressure-relieving inner core 2 is greater than the inner diameter of the pressure-relieving sleeve 4. The flared end of the pressure-relieving sleeve 4 is its pressure-relieving end. The inner wall of the pressure-relieving end has a conical pressure-relieving groove 42. When the pressure-relieving inner core 2 moves forward, the pressure-relieving end of the pressure-relieving sleeve 4 expands outward evenly under the guidance of the pressure-relieving groove 42, so that the pressure-relieving sleeve 4 can provide constant resistance to the pressure-relieving inner core 2. A rubber grout stop plug 5 is installed at the front end of the pressure-relieving sleeve 4 to seal the gap between the pressure-relieving sleeve 4 and the anchor rod 1 to prevent grout from flowing out during grouting.

[0030] like Figure 3-5 As shown, the tail end of the pressure sleeve 4 is flared, which allows it to abut against the base 3 through the conical part. The flared shape of the inner wall guides the pressure core 2, causing the pressure core 2 to evenly compress the inner wall of the pressure sleeve 4. The pressure sleeve 4 is cast, with multiple sets of evenly distributed protrusions 41 on its outer wall. When installing the pressure sleeve 4 and the base 3, the positioning holes 31 and protrusions 41 need to be inserted correspondingly. After insertion, the pressure sleeve 4 is welded to the base 3. The protrusions 41 enhance the connection strength between the pressure sleeve 4 and the inner wall of the drilled hole. Multiple sets of pressure grooves 42 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the inner wall of the pressure sleeve 4. The pressure grooves 42 have a conical cross-section, allowing the pressure core to evenly compress the inner wall. The front end of the core 2 is equipped with a pressure-resistant head 21 that directly contacts the pressure-relieving sleeve 4. The pressure-relieving inner core 2 is in any position in the pressure-relieving sleeve 4, and the contact area between the pressure-resistant head and the inner wall of the pressure-relieving sleeve remains approximately the same. The resistance experienced by the pressure-relieving inner core 2 remains unchanged, so the force on the anchor rod remains constant when the pressure-relieving inner core 2 moves forward. The pressure-relieving grooves 42, which are evenly distributed around the circumference, cause the inner wall of the pressure-relieving sleeve to deform preferentially at the pressure-relieving grooves when the pressure-relieving inner core 2 moves forward. This guides the deformation direction of the pressure-relieving sleeve and prevents the pressure-relieving sleeve 4 from being cracked due to excessive overall force. At the same time, the inner wall of the pressure-relieving inner core 2 has threads 22. During installation, the pressure-relieving inner core 2 needs to be threaded with the anchor rod through the built-in threads 22.

[0031] When using it, the anchor structure needs to be arranged according to... Figure 1As shown, the anchor head 6 is installed in the borehole and is fixedly connected to the borehole through the expansion shell structure. It is connected to the anchor rod 1 through the pressure-relief inner core 2, and the base 3 is abutted against the wall. At this time, the base 3 and the borehole wall form a grouting space. Cement is injected through the grouting hole 11 to fill the borehole and complete the anchoring. At this time, the base 3 is fixed in the borehole through the pressure-relief sleeve 4. If geological movement occurs later and causes the anchor rod 1 to be stressed, it will pull the pressure-relief inner core 2 to move forward along the pressure-relief sleeve. When the pressure-relief inner core 2 moves forward, the deformation control groove of the pressure-relief sleeve 4 will deform first, guiding the deformation of the pressure-relief sleeve 4. The deformed part curls outward into a plum blossom shape, so that the pressure-relief sleeve 4 generates a constant force on the pressure-relief inner core 2, thereby achieving pressure relief and avoiding stress concentration in the anchor rod 1, which may cause it to break in the middle, or the base to detach from the anchor rod, resulting in anchoring failure.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] like Figure 6-8 As shown, an impact-resistant constant pressure anchor structure differs from Embodiment 1 in that, during the experimental stage of pressure relief component parameter design, the position of the pressure relief core within the pressure relief sleeve cannot be clearly observed. In summary, an outer shell 8 is added outside the pressure relief sleeve 4. The outer shell 8 is fixedly connected to the pressure relief sleeve 4 via a support filler 81. A partition 82 separates the support filler 81, allowing the pipe port chamber to communicate with the pressure relief sleeve 4, preventing negative pressure from being generated when the piston head 73 moves upward. A pipe 7 is installed on the surface of the outer shell 8, and an indicator block 71 is installed at the outer end of the pipe 7. The indicator block 71 is a thin-walled transparent glass and communicates with the pipe 7. A bright dye is filled into the pipe 7 and the indicator block 71, so the indicator block should have a distinct color. It can be directly observed by the staff that when the pressure-relieving inner core 2 moves forward, the pressure-resistant head 21 contacts the bottom of the piston rod 74, pushing the piston upward and compressing the dye in the pipe 7, generating pressure that causes the indicator block 71 to break. Different positions of the indicator block 71 correspond to different positions of the pressure-relieving sleeve 4. By observing the damage of the indicator block 71, the position of the pressure-relieving inner core 2 in the pressure-relieving sleeve 4 can be comprehensively judged. If all the indicator blocks are broken, it proves that the anchor bolt has failed. Since the failure of the existing anchor bolt support device cannot be directly observed, in the production and testing stage of the impact-resistant constant pressure anchor bolt structure, by installing indicator blocks, the staff can directly observe the actual situation of the pressure-relieving component.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An impact-resistant constant-pressure anchor bolt structure, comprising an anchor bolt, an anchor head, and a base, wherein the anchor bolt is fixed to the bottom of the borehole wall via the anchor head, characterized in that, The device includes a pressure-relief assembly, which comprises a pressure-relief sleeve and a pressure-relief inner core. The pressure-relief sleeve is used to connect with the outer end of the base and the anchor rod. The pressure-relief inner core is installed on the anchor rod. When the anchor rod is under force, the pressure-relief inner core can slide along the pressure-relief sleeve.

2. The impact-resistant constant pressure anchor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the pressure relief sleeve is smaller than the outer diameter of the pressure relief inner core.

3. The impact-resistant constant pressure anchor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the pressure relief sleeve is set as a fixed end, which is connected to the base. The outer surface of the fixed end of the pressure relief sleeve is uniformly provided with resistance structures.

4. The impact-resistant constant pressure anchor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear end of the pressure relief sleeve is configured as a deformable end, which is shaped like a flared mouth, and the inner wall of the deformable end abuts against the front end of the pressure relief inner core.

5. The impact-resistant constant pressure anchor structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the pressure-relief sleeve is uniformly provided with multiple conical deformation control grooves, which are located at the deformable end of the pressure-relief sleeve.

6. The impact-resistant constant pressure anchor structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, An elastic grout stop plug is installed between the front end of the pressure relief sleeve and the anchor rod.

7. The impact-resistant constant pressure anchor structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The front end of the pressure-relief inner core is provided with an arc-shaped pressure-resistant head. The pressure-resistant head contacts the inner wall of the pressure-relief sleeve. When the pressure-relief inner core moves forward, the deformation control groove of the pressure-relief sleeve deforms first.

8. The impact-resistant constant pressure anchor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure relief sleeve is equipped with an outer shell, and several pipes are arranged on the surface of the outer shell. The outer ends of the pipes are connected to indicator blocks. The indicator blocks are hollow shells. The pipes and the inside of the indicator blocks are filled with bright dye. The material of the pipes is different from that of the indicator blocks. The inner ends of the pipes are fixed to the outer shell and are evenly distributed along the length of the outer shell. A piston is arranged inside the pipe. The piston includes a piston head and a piston rod. The piston head is arranged in the pipe to block the bright dye. The piston rod extends into the inside of the pressure relief sleeve, and its end is on the movement path of the pressure relief core.

9. The impact-resistant constant pressure anchor structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer shell and the pressure relief sleeve are fixedly connected by a support filler. The interior of the outer shell is evenly divided into multiple chambers by a partition, and the chambers are connected to the pressure relief sleeve.

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