An alloy end mill

Abstract

This utility model proposes an alloy end mill, including a shank and a drill body. Four main cutting edges extend outward from the center of the drill body away from the shank end. Secondary cutting edges are evenly spaced along the sides of the drill body, each secondary cutting edge corresponding to a main cutting edge. The secondary cutting edges have a stepped structure. By setting a multi-step secondary cutting edge structure, efficient integrated machining of multiple hole diameters can be achieved, effectively reducing cutting resistance. A double clearance angle structure is provided between the main cutting edges, balancing cutting sharpness and vibration resistance, improving machining stability. Simultaneously, by setting redundant transition sections and controlling the width of the secondary cutting edges, the rigidity and durability of the tool body are enhanced, comprehensively improving the tool's machining efficiency and service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of drilling tool technology, and more specifically, to an alloy milling cutter. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the field of machining, the forming of stepped holes, multi-diameter holes, or high-precision holes is generally accomplished by a combination of multi-stage drilling and milling. This involves changing tools of different diameters or types multiple times to sequentially cut the workpiece in layers. This traditional process not only suffers from frequent tool changes and long processing cycles, but is also prone to quality defects such as hole runout, rough hole walls, and residual steps due to the accumulation of positioning errors, especially in the machining of deep holes or high-strength materials.

[0003] To address this, various tool structures integrating drilling and milling functions have been proposed in existing technologies. For example, utility model patent CN208467351U discloses a drilling and milling tool, including a shank and a cutting section. A cutting edge, composed of multiple helical main cutting edges, is provided at the end of the cutting section. The inner ends of the helical main cutting edges converge at the center of the end of the cutting section, forming a sharp angle structure. Multiple helical chip removal grooves run through the cutting section. Secondary cutting edges are provided on the edges of the helical chip removal grooves. The number of helical chip removal grooves is the same as the number of helical main cutting edges, and their positions correspond one-to-one.

[0004] Its secondary cutting edges are mostly set in parallel, and the cutting process is not graded and pressure-divided, so it cannot effectively achieve multi-level hole diameter integral forming; moreover, the cutting load is concentrated during the processing, the stress distribution is uneven, and problems such as vibration, burrs and dimensional instability are prone to occur.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an alloy milling cutter with a more refined structure and reasonable cutting force distribution, in order to overcome the problems of unstable processing, poor chip removal and insufficient durability in the prior art, and improve the efficiency and quality of multi-stage hole processing. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an alloy end mill with a more refined structure and a more reasonable distribution of cutting force.

[0007] An alloy end mill includes a shank 1 and a drill body 2. The drill body 2 is located at one end of the shank 1. The drill body 2 is characterized by having four main cutting edges 3 extending outward from the center of the end away from the shank 1. Secondary cutting edges 4 are evenly spaced along the sides of the drill body 2, each secondary cutting edge 4 corresponding to a main cutting edge 3. The secondary cutting edges 4 have a stepped structure, which serves to perform layered cutting, reduce cutting resistance, and achieve multi-level hole forming. Chip removal grooves 5 are provided between adjacent secondary cutting edges 4, with one end of each groove corresponding to a main cutting edge 3, for discharging waste material generated by the main cutting edges 3. A first clearance angle 6 and a second clearance angle 7 are sequentially arranged between adjacent main cutting edges 3. The first clearance angle 6 and the second clearance angle 7 serve to balance the cutting edge strength and sharpness, reduce friction with the workpiece, improve heat dissipation, and guide the chips to the chip removal grooves 5.

[0008] Furthermore, the secondary cutting edge 4 includes a first secondary cutting edge 8, a second secondary cutting edge 9, and a third secondary cutting edge 10 arranged sequentially. Adjacent first secondary cutting edges 8, second secondary cutting edges 9, and third secondary cutting edges 10 are connected by a connecting transition part 13, which plays a role in smoothly transitioning cutting forces, reducing stress concentration, guiding chip flow, and ensuring the surface quality of machining with different step diameters.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first clearance angle 6 has an angle of 5°-6° and a width of 0.5mm. If the first clearance angle 6 is too large, such as 9°, it becomes too sharp, causing the drill body 2 to vibrate excessively. Therefore, the first clearance angle 6 serves three purposes: first, it provides basic support, offering rigid support to the root of the main cutting edge 3 and suppressing axial vibration; second, it controls friction by reducing the contact area between the clearance face and the hole wall through a small clearance angle, thus reducing frictional heat; and third, it acts as a vibration threshold: the 0.5mm width forms a damping band to absorb high-frequency vibration energy.

[0010] Furthermore, the second back angle 7 is 15°. Firstly, the 15° angle guides the chip to naturally curl along the helical rise angle of the back face; secondly, it enhances heat dissipation and increases the heat dissipation area of ​​the back face.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first secondary cutting edge 8 has an angle of 30°±0.5°, the second secondary cutting edge 9 has an angle of 45°±0.5°, and the third secondary cutting edge 10 has an angle of 17°±0.5°. The first secondary cutting edge 8 is the roughing layer: high-rigidity entry, bearing the main cutting load; the second secondary cutting edge 9 is the transition layer: balancing radial / axial forces; the third secondary cutting edge 10 is the finishing layer: low-resistance cutting. The angle combination is achieved through a three-order decomposition of cutting force: First, stepped load distribution, with progressively reduced pressure from 30° to 45° and then to 17°; second, chip morphology control, with thick chips generated at 30°, followed by tearing and chip breaking at 45°, and thin chips formed at 17°, perfectly matching the chip-breaking groove 12; third, dynamic stability, with angle gradient changes disrupting the resonant frequency and reducing vibration acceleration.

[0012] In some embodiments, the third cutting edge 10 is connected to the tool holder 1 via a redundant transition section 11. The redundant transition section 11 is designed to be redundant, increasing structural rigidity, dispersing stress, preventing early failure due to stress concentration or wear in the transition area, and improving tool durability.

[0013] In some embodiments, the width of the secondary cutting edge 4 is greater than 0.5 mm, which serves to enhance the structural strength and prevent the blade from vibrating.

[0014] In some embodiments, each main cutting edge 3 is provided with a chip-breaking groove 12 along its length.

[0015] In some embodiments, the centers of the four chip-breaking grooves 12 are located on the same axis of the drill bit body 2, and are respectively arranged on four circumferences of different diameters, and are staggered at 90° intervals in the circumferential direction.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model proposes an alloy end mill, including a shank 1 and a drill body 2. The drill body 2 extends outward from the center of the end away from the shank 1 to form four main cutting edges 3. The sides of the drill body 2 are evenly spaced with secondary cutting edges 4. Each secondary cutting edge 4 is connected to a corresponding main cutting edge 3. The secondary cutting edges 4 have a stepped structure. By setting a multi-step secondary cutting edge structure, efficient integrated machining of multiple hole diameters can be achieved, effectively reducing cutting resistance. A double clearance angle structure is set between the main cutting edges to balance cutting sharpness and vibration resistance, improving machining stability. At the same time, by setting a redundant transition part and controlling the width of the secondary cutting edges, the rigidity and durability of the tool body are enhanced, and the overall machining efficiency and service life of the tool are improved. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is the front view of the alloy end mill of this application.

[0018] Figure 2This is a left view of the alloy end mill of this application.

[0019] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0020] 1. Tool holder; 2. Drill body; 3. Main cutting edge; 3. Sub-cutting edge; 31. Long backlash cutting edge; 311. Short backlash cutting edge; 312. Secondary cutting edge; 4. Chip removal groove; 5. First clearance angle; 6. Second clearance angle; 7. First secondary cutting edge; 8. Second secondary cutting edge; 9. Third secondary cutting edge; 10. Redundant transition section; 11. Chip separation groove; 12. Connecting transition section; 13.

[0021] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will further illustrate this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following embodiments are described to aid in understanding this application. These embodiments are not, and should not be, construed in any way as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] In the following description, those skilled in the art will recognize that throughout this discussion, components may be described as individual functional units (which may include subunits), but those skilled in the art will recognize that various components or portions thereof may be divided into individual components or may be integrated together (including integrated within a single system or component).

[0024] Furthermore, the connection between components or systems is not intended to be limited to a direct connection; on the contrary, data between these components may be modified, reformatted, or otherwise altered by intermediate components. Additionally, other or fewer connections may be used. It should also be noted that the terms "connection," "link," or "input" should be understood to include direct connections, indirect connections via one or more intermediate devices, and wireless connections. Example 1:

[0025] like Figure 1 The image shown is a front view of the alloy end mill of this application; as shown... Figure 2 The image shown is a left view of the alloy end mill of this application.

[0026] An alloy end mill includes a shank 1 and a drill body 2. The drill body 2 is located at one end of the shank 1. The drill body 2 is characterized by having four main cutting edges 3 extending outward from the center of the end away from the shank 1. Secondary cutting edges 4 are evenly spaced along the sides of the drill body 2, each secondary cutting edge 4 corresponding to a main cutting edge 3. The secondary cutting edges 4 have a stepped structure, which serves to perform layered cutting, reduce cutting resistance, and achieve multi-level hole forming. Chip removal grooves 5 are provided between adjacent secondary cutting edges 4, with one end of each groove corresponding to a main cutting edge 3, for discharging waste material generated by the main cutting edges 3. A first clearance angle 6 and a second clearance angle 7 are sequentially arranged between adjacent main cutting edges 3. The first clearance angle 6 and the second clearance angle 7 serve to balance the cutting edge strength and sharpness, reduce friction with the workpiece, improve heat dissipation, and guide the chips to the chip removal grooves 5.

[0027] The secondary cutting edge 4 includes a first secondary cutting edge 8, a second secondary cutting edge 9, and a third secondary cutting edge 10 arranged sequentially. Adjacent first secondary cutting edges 8, second secondary cutting edges 9, and third secondary cutting edges 10 are connected by a connecting transition part 13, which plays a role in smoothly transitioning cutting forces, reducing stress concentration, guiding chip flow, and ensuring the surface quality of machining with different step diameters.

[0028] The first clearance angle 6 has an angle of 5°-6° and a width of 0.5mm. If the first clearance angle 6 is too large, such as 9°, it becomes too sharp, causing the drill bit body 2 to vibrate excessively. Therefore, the first clearance angle 6 serves three purposes: first, it provides basic support, offering rigid support to the root of the main cutting edge 3 and suppressing axial vibration; second, it controls friction by reducing the contact area between the clearance face and the hole wall through a small clearance angle, thus reducing frictional heat; and third, it acts as a vibration threshold: the 0.5mm width forms a damping band to absorb high-frequency vibration energy.

[0029] The second back angle 7 is 15°. Firstly, the 15° angle guides the chips to naturally curl along the helical rise angle of the back face; secondly, it enhances heat dissipation by increasing the heat dissipation area of ​​the back face.

[0030] The first set of cutting edges 8 has an angle of 30°±0.5°, the second set of cutting edges 9 has an angle of 45°±0.5°, and the third set of cutting edges 10 has an angle of 17°±0.5°. Specifically, the first set of cutting edges 8 is the roughing layer: high-rigidity entry, bearing the main cutting load; the second set of cutting edges 9 is the transition layer: balancing radial / axial forces; and the third set of cutting edges 10 is the finishing layer: low-resistance cutting. The angle combination is achieved through a three-order decomposition of cutting force: firstly, a stepped load distribution, with progressively reduced pressure from 30° to 45° and then to 17°; secondly, chip morphology control, with thick chips generated at 30°, followed by tearing and chip breaking at 45°, and thin chips formed at 17°, perfectly matching the chip-breaking groove 12; and thirdly, dynamic stability, with angle gradient changes disrupting the resonant frequency and reducing vibration acceleration.

[0031] The third set of cutting edges 10 is connected to the tool holder 1 through a redundant transition section 11. The redundant transition section 11 is designed to be redundant, which increases structural rigidity, disperses stress, prevents early failure caused by stress concentration or wear in the transition area, and improves tool durability.

[0032] The secondary cutting edge 4 has a width greater than 0.5mm, which serves to enhance structural strength and prevent vibration.

[0033] Each main cutting edge 3 is provided with a chip-breaking groove 12 along its length direction.

[0034] The centers of the four chip-breaking grooves 12 are located on the same axis of the drill bit body 2, and are respectively arranged on four circumferences of different diameters, and are staggered at 90° intervals in the circumferential direction.

[0035] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model proposes an alloy end mill, including a shank 1 and a drill body 2. The drill body 2 extends outward from the center of the end away from the shank 1 to form four main cutting edges 3. The sides of the drill body 2 are evenly spaced with secondary cutting edges 4. Each secondary cutting edge 4 is connected to a corresponding main cutting edge 3. The secondary cutting edges 4 have a stepped structure. By setting a multi-step secondary cutting edge structure, efficient integrated machining of multiple hole diameters can be achieved, effectively reducing cutting resistance. A double clearance angle structure is set between the main cutting edges to balance cutting sharpness and vibration resistance, improving machining stability. At the same time, by setting a redundant transition part and controlling the width of the secondary cutting edges, the rigidity and durability of the tool body are enhanced, and the overall machining efficiency and service life of the tool are improved.

[0036] Although this application discloses several aspects and embodiments, other aspects and embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this application. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed in this application are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit this application. The actual scope of protection of this application is determined by the claims.

Claims

1. An alloy end mill, comprising a shank (1) and a drill body (2), wherein the drill body (2) is provided at one end of the shank (1), characterized in that: The drill body (2) extends outward from the center of the end away from the tool holder (1) to form 4 main cutting edges (3). The drill body (2) is provided with secondary cutting edges (4) evenly spaced on the side. Each secondary cutting edge (4) is connected to the main cutting edge (3). The secondary cutting edge (4) has a stepped structure. The stepped structure plays the role of layered cutting, reducing cutting resistance and realizing multi-level hole forming. Chip removal grooves (5) are provided between adjacent secondary cutting edges (4). One end of the chip removal groove (5) is connected to the main cutting edge (3) to remove the waste generated by the cutting of the main cutting edge (3). A first clearance angle (6) and a second clearance angle (7) are set between adjacent main cutting edges (3). The first clearance angle (6) and the second clearance angle (7) play the role of balancing the strength and sharpness of the cutting edge, reducing friction with the workpiece, improving heat dissipation, and guiding the chips to the chip removal groove (5).

2. The alloy end mill as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary cutting edge (4) includes a first secondary cutting edge (8), a second secondary cutting edge (9), and a third secondary cutting edge (10) arranged sequentially. Adjacent first secondary cutting edges (8), second secondary cutting edges (9), and third secondary cutting edges (10) are connected by a connecting transition part (13).

3. The alloy end mill as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first rear angle (6) has an angle of 5°-6° and a width of 0.5mm.

4. The alloy end mill as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The angle of the second rear angle (7) is 15°.

5. The alloy end mill as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The first set of cutting edges (8) has an angle of 30°±0.5°, the second set of cutting edges (9) has an angle of 45°±0.5°, and the third set of cutting edges (10) has an angle of 17°±0.5°.

6. The alloy end mill as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The third cutting edge (10) is connected to the tool holder (1) through a redundant transition section (11).

7. The alloy end mill as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary cutting edge (4) has a width greater than 0.5 mm, which enhances the structural strength and prevents it from vibrating.

8. The alloy end mill as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the main cutting edges (3) is provided with a chip-breaking groove (12) along its length direction.

9. The alloy end mill as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The centers of the four chip-breaking grooves (12) are located on the same axis of the drill bit body (2), and are respectively set on four circumferences of different diameters, and are staggered at 90° intervals in the circumferential direction.

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