A machining positioning device for pre-positioning a swing limit block

Abstract

This utility model discloses a machining positioning device for pre-positioning a swing limiting block, including a base plate with an axis positioning mechanism, an angle limiting mechanism, and a clamping mechanism on the base plate. The axis positioning mechanism can position the axis of the workpiece to be processed, the angle limiting mechanism can restrict the rotational degree of freedom of the workpiece to be processed, and the clamping mechanism can clamp the workpiece to be processed. The workpiece to be processed has a lateral limiting surface. The angle limiting mechanism includes a rotating shaft with a swing limiting block on the rotating shaft. After the axis of the workpiece to be processed is positioned, the swing limiting block can rotate with the rotating shaft to be close to or away from the lateral limiting surface. In the process of clamping the workpiece to be processed, this utility model uses the angle limiting mechanism to restrict the rotational degree of freedom of the workpiece to ensure the accurate position of the workpiece to be processed, and at the same time plays a role in fixing the workpiece to be processed during the clamping process. After clamping the workpiece to be processed, the angle limiting mechanism moves away from the workpiece to avoid causing abnormal vibration of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining positioning devices, and in particular to a machining positioning device for pre-positioning a swing limit block. Background Technology

[0002] Before machining the transition flange, it is installed on a positioning fixture. The positioning fixture typically includes a positioning structure to position the axis of the transition flange, a limiting structure to restrict the rotational freedom of the transition flange, and a clamping structure to press the transition flange.

[0003] During the machining of the transition flange, if the main feed force and cutting force act on the axial direction of the transition flange, even without restricting the rotational freedom of the transition flange around the axis, the clamping force of the clamping structure can completely ensure that the transition flange will not rotate around the axis. In other words, the rotational freedom of the transition flange can be restricted during the clamping process, and the rotational restriction can be released after clamping. Based on this, a machining positioning device with a pre-positioning swing limit block is provided. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model provides a processing positioning device for pre-positioning a swing limiting block. During the process of pressing the workpiece, the swing limiting block swings to contact the workpiece, restricting the rotational freedom of the workpiece. After pressing the workpiece, the swing limiting block swings to disengage from the workpiece, avoiding abnormal vibration of the system.

[0005] Technical Solution: To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a machining positioning device for pre-positioning a swing limiting block, comprising a base plate, on which are an axis positioning mechanism, an angle limiting mechanism, and a clamping mechanism; the axis positioning mechanism can position the axis of the workpiece to be processed, the angle limiting mechanism can restrict the rotational freedom of the workpiece to be processed, and the clamping mechanism can clamp the workpiece to be processed; the workpiece to be processed has a lateral limiting surface; the angle limiting mechanism includes a rotating shaft, on which a swing limiting block is mounted; when the axis of the workpiece to be processed is positioned, the swing limiting block can rotate with the rotating shaft to be close to or away from the lateral limiting surface.

[0006] Furthermore, the swing limiting block has a curved contact surface; when the swing limiting block stands on the rotating shaft, it will tilt. The direction in which the swing limiting block tilts towards the workpiece is called the forward rotation direction, and the opposite is the reverse rotation direction; along the reverse rotation direction, the horizontal projection distance between the curved contact surface and the rotating shaft gradually increases; after the swing limiting block tilts towards the workpiece in a forward rotation, the curved contact surface will rest against the lateral limiting surface in an inclined posture. Under the gravity of the swing limiting block, the curved contact surface tends to press against the lateral limiting surface.

[0007] Furthermore, the lateral limiting surface is a plane, and the curved contact surface is a cylinder; when the curved contact surface rests on the lateral limiting surface, a line contact is formed between the two.

[0008] Furthermore, a hinge support is provided on the base plate, and a support hole is provided in the hinge support to rotate with the shaft; the tightness of the support hole is adjustable, and when the support hole is tightened, the swing limit block can overcome gravity and not tip over.

[0009] Furthermore, an adjusting slot is provided on one side of the support hole, and the two sides of the adjusting slot are connected by adjusting bolts; the adjusting bolts can change the width of the adjusting slot, thereby adjusting the tightness of the support hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the base plate has several workstations, each workstation positioning a workpiece to be processed; the several workstations are arranged linearly, and the extension direction of the rotating shaft is consistent with the linear arrangement direction of the several workstations; swing limit blocks are respectively provided on the rotating shaft at the corresponding positions of each workstation.

[0011] Furthermore, the swing limit block is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and at least one swing limit block is connected to a handle.

[0012] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes a movable rod and a pressure plate disposed on the top of the movable rod. When the movable rod moves down, it drives the pressure plate to clamp the workpiece to be processed. The base plate is provided with several equal height blocks, and the movable rod can also drive the pressure plate to rotate to be opposite to or offset from the equal height blocks.

[0013] Furthermore, the pressure plate installed on the movable rod between two adjacent workstations is a double-arm pressure plate. The double-arm pressure plate is installed on the movable rod in a hinged manner, and the two ends of the double-arm pressure plate can press on the workpieces to be processed at the two workstations respectively.

[0014] Furthermore, the axis positioning mechanism includes a positioning pin, and the workpiece to be processed has a center hole opposite to the positioning pin.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a machining positioning device for pre-positioning a swing limit block, which uses a rotating shaft and a swing limit block in cooperation to temporarily limit the workpiece to be processed. Before performing the operation of clamping the workpiece to be processed, the rotating shaft is first rotated clockwise to make the swing limit block contact the workpiece to be processed, thereby restricting the rotational freedom of the workpiece to be processed. After clamping the workpiece to be processed, the rotating shaft is rotated counterclockwise to make the swing limit block disengage from the workpiece to be processed, thereby making the processing area of ​​the workpiece directly exposed larger, and the swing limit block is less likely to cause motion interference during the processing, which is beneficial to the processing of the workpiece to be processed. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Appendix Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the machining positioning device;

[0017] Appendix Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the workpiece to be processed mounted on the processing positioning device;

[0018] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the swing limit block. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] As attached Figures 1 to 3 The aforementioned machining positioning device for pre-positioning a swing limiting block includes a base plate 1, on which an axis positioning mechanism 2, an angle limiting mechanism 3, and a clamping mechanism 4 are mounted. The axis positioning mechanism 2 positions the axis of the workpiece 5 to be processed. The angle limiting mechanism 3 restricts the rotational freedom of the workpiece 5, that is, it restricts the degree of freedom of rotation of the workpiece 5 around its axis. The clamping mechanism 4 clamps the workpiece 5 onto the leveling block 16 of the base plate 1. With the cooperation of the axis positioning mechanism 2, the angle limiting mechanism 3, and the clamping mechanism 4, all degrees of freedom of the workpiece 5 can be restricted, thereby fixing the workpiece 5 onto the positioning device.

[0021] During the machining of workpiece 5, if the main feed force and cutting force act on the axial direction of workpiece 5, even without restricting the rotational degree of freedom of workpiece 5 around the axis, the clamping force of the clamping structure can completely ensure that workpiece 5 will not undergo rotational displacement around the axis. In other words, the rotational degree of freedom of workpiece 5 only needs to be restricted during clamping, and the rotational restriction can be released after clamping. The advantage of this approach is that there are fewer restrictive structures on workpiece 5, the directly exposed machining area on workpiece 5 is larger, and machining is more convenient.

[0022] For the reasons mentioned above, the angle limiting mechanism 3 in this invention can temporarily restrict the rotational freedom of the workpiece 5. Specifically, the workpiece 5 has a lateral limiting surface 6, and the angle limiting mechanism 3 includes a rotating shaft 7 with a swing limiting block 8 on the shaft 7. When the axis of the workpiece 5 is positioned by the axis positioning mechanism 2, the swing limiting block 8 can rotate with the rotating shaft 7 until it comes into contact with or moves away from the lateral limiting surface 6. During the pressing process of the clamping mechanism 4, the swing limiting block 8 rotates to come into contact with the lateral limiting surface 6, thereby restricting the rotational freedom of the workpiece 5. After the clamping mechanism 4 presses the workpiece 5, the swing limiting block 8 rotates away from the limiting surface. After moving away, the swing limiting block 8 is less likely to cause motion interference to the processing device, and it can also make the directly exposed processing area on the workpiece 5 larger, which is beneficial to the processing of the workpiece 5.

[0023] As attached Figure 3As shown, the swing limit block 8 is a non-circular block and is a heavy block. Therefore, when the swing limit block 8 is placed on the rotating shaft 7, it will tilt to one side. The direction in which the swing limit block 8 tilts towards the workpiece 5 is called the forward rotation direction, and the opposite is the reverse rotation direction. That is, the direction in which the swing limit block 8 tilts away from the workpiece 5 is the reverse rotation direction.

[0024] Taking the workpiece 5 as an adapter flange as an example, during the clamping process of the adapter flange, the swing limit block 8 swings to contact the adapter flange, restricting the rotational freedom of the adapter flange and ensuring its accurate position in the fixture. It also serves to fix the adapter flange during clamping. After clamping the adapter flange, the swing limit block 8 swings away from the adapter flange, preventing intermittent contact and disengagement between the angle limit mechanism 3 (which lacks self-locking function) and the adapter flange during processing, thus avoiding abnormal vibration of the system and ensuring the stability and reliability of the tooling positioning and clamping.

[0025] The swing limit block 8 has a curved contact surface 9. Along the reversing direction, the horizontal projection distance between the curved contact surface 9 and the rotating shaft 7 gradually increases. The length of the swing limit block 8 is slightly greater than the horizontal projection distance between the rotating shaft 7 and the workpiece 5. Therefore, after the swing limit block 8 rotates forward and tilts towards the workpiece 5, the curved contact surface 9 will rest on the lateral limit surface 6 in an inclined posture. Under the gravity of the swing limit block 8, the curved contact surface 9 tends to continue sliding down along the lateral limit surface 6. However, because the horizontal projection distance between the curved contact surface 9 and the rotating shaft 7 gradually increases along the reversing direction, during the sliding process of the curved contact surface 9, the contact area between the curved contact surface 9 and the lateral limit surface 6 and the horizontal projection distance of the rotating shaft 7 becomes increasingly farther, thus causing the curved contact surface 9 to tend to press against the lateral limit surface 6. After the curved contact surface 9 presses against the lateral limit surface 6, the swing limit block 8 can restrict the rotational freedom of the workpiece 5.

[0026] The lateral limiting surface 6 is a plane, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 In one embodiment shown, the workpiece 5 to be processed is a transition flange, and the lateral limiting surface 6 is the side surface of the workpiece 5 to be processed. When the base plate 1 is in a horizontal state, the lateral limiting surface 6 is a vertical plane. The curved contact surface 9 is a cylindrical surface, which is a curved surface formed by a straight line moving parallel to a fixed curve. Therefore, when the curved contact surface 9 rests on the lateral limiting surface 6, a line contact is formed between the lateral limiting surface 6 and the curved contact surface 9.

[0027] As attached Figure 3In one embodiment shown, the swing limiting block 8 is generally rectangular. The bottom of the swing limiting block 8 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 7. The top of the swing limiting block 8 has a semi-circular arc surface, but the semi-circular arc surface is not equivalent to the curved contact surface 9. Only half of the semi-circular arc surface is the curved contact surface 9. During the rotation of the swing limiting block 8, the other half of the semi-circular arc surface will not contact the workpiece 5 to be processed.

[0028] The base plate 1 is provided with hinge supports 10, at least two of which are located at opposite ends of the rotating shaft 7. Each hinge support 10 has a support hole 11 that rotatably engages with the rotating shaft 7. The diameter of the support hole 11 is larger than the outer diameter of the rotating shaft 7, and the tightness of the support hole 11 is adjustable. When the support hole 11 is tightened, it clamps the rotating shaft 7, preventing it from rotating. The swing limit block 8 is fixed to the rotating shaft 7, thus overcoming gravity and preventing it from tipping over, keeping it away from the workpiece 5.

[0029] As attached Figure 3 In one embodiment shown, an adjusting slot 12 is provided on one side of the support hole 11, and the two sides of the adjusting slot 12 are connected by adjusting bolts 13. The adjusting bolts 13 can change the width of the adjusting slot 12, thereby adjusting the tightness of the support hole 11. There is a large gap between the mounting hole on the upper side of the adjusting slot 12 and the adjusting bolts 13, and the mounting hole on the lower side of the adjusting slot 12 is a threaded hole, which is threadedly connected to the adjusting bolts 13. When the adjusting bolts 13 are tightened or loosened, the adjusting slot 12 narrows or widens due to the elastic deformation of the material of the hinge support 10, and the diameter of the support hole 11 also changes accordingly, thereby changing the fit clearance between the rotating shaft 7 and the support hole 11, and controlling the ease with which the rotating shaft 7 rotates relative to the hinge support 10 around the axis.

[0030] The base plate 1 has several workstations, each positioning a workpiece 5 to be processed. The workstations are arranged linearly, and the extension direction of the rotating shaft 7 is consistent with the linear arrangement of the workstations. A swing limit block 8 is provided on the rotating shaft 7 at a corresponding position to each workstation. Each workstation can correspond to one or more swing limit blocks 8. Rotating the rotating shaft 7 can drive multiple swing limit blocks 8 to rotate synchronously, simplifying operation.

[0031] The swing limit block 8 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 7, and there is no relative rotational displacement between the swing limit block 8 and the rotating shaft 7 during operation. At least one swing limit block 8 is fixedly connected to a handle 14, which facilitates the rotation of the swing limit block 8 and the rotating shaft 7.

[0032] The clamping mechanism 4 includes a movable rod and a pressure plate 15 disposed on the top of the movable rod. When the movable rod moves downward, it drives the pressure plate 15 to clamp the workpiece 5 to be processed. A plurality of equal-height blocks 16 are disposed on the base plate 1. The movable rod can also drive the pressure plate 15 to rotate so that it is opposite to or offset from the equal-height blocks 16. In one embodiment, the clamping mechanism 4 is a hydraulic angle cylinder 18, and the movable rod is the piston rod of the hydraulic angle cylinder 18. The hydraulic angle cylinder 18 can both drive the piston rod to rise and fall, thereby driving the pressure plate 15 to press onto the workpiece 5 to be processed; and it can also drive the piston rod to rotate, thereby driving the pressure plate 15 to rotate so that it is opposite to or offset from the equal-height blocks 16. When the pressure plate 15 is offset from the equal-height blocks 16, it is convenient to place the workpiece 5 on the equal-height blocks 16 or to remove the workpiece 5 from the equal-height blocks 16. A pressure head 19 is also disposed at the end of the pressure plate 15. When the pressure plate 15 rotates to be opposite to the equal-height blocks 16, the pressure head 19 is located directly above the equal-height blocks 16.

[0033] The pressure plate 15 installed on the movable rod between two adjacent workstations is a double-arm pressure plate. The double-arm pressure plate is hinged to the movable rod, and its two ends can press on the workpieces 5 to be processed at the two workstations respectively. The double-arm pressure plate is hinged to give the pressure plate 15 a certain degree of flexibility to compensate for large height errors on the casting surface when pressing the workpieces 5 on both sides at the same time, making the pressing more reliable.

[0034] The axis positioning mechanism 2 includes positioning pins 17 disposed at the center of each workstation, and the workpiece 5 to be processed has a center hole corresponding to the positioning pins 17. (See attached diagram) Figure 1 and 2 In one embodiment shown, the workpiece 5 to be processed is an adapter flange. Since the adapter flange is large, the positioning pin 17 is beveled to facilitate loading and unloading.

[0035] The working method of this utility model is described with reference to the embodiments in the accompanying drawings: The workpiece 5 to be processed is a transition flange. During positioning and clamping, the center hole of the transition flange is precisely positioned with the positioning pin 17 with clearance fit. The large end face of the transition flange is tightly fitted with the top of the four equal-height blocks 16. Positioning is achieved by one face and one pin, restricting the five degrees of freedom of the transition flange. Then, the two handles 14 are pushed to drive the four swing limit blocks 8 to rotate. The semi-circular arc surface at the front end of the limit block contacts the two short lines on the side blank surfaces of the two transition flanges respectively, so as to simultaneously restrict the rotational degrees of freedom of the two transition flanges around the axis. After the transition flange is positioned, the tooling hydraulic system switch is turned on, and the hydraulic angle cylinder 18 drives the pressure plate 15 to rotate and press the transition flange. After the pressure plate 15 presses the transition flange, the handle 14 is rotated to disengage the limit blocks from the transition flange. Since the main feed and cutting forces during machining act along the axis of the transition flange, even without restricting the transition flange's rotational freedom around the axis, the clamping force of the hydraulic cylinder is sufficient to ensure that the transition flange will not rotate around the axis. Therefore, as long as the transition flange is in a fully positioned state during clamping, it can be in a partially positioned state during machining. Thus, a movable swing limit block 8 is used in the tooling, simplifying the tooling. Furthermore, the swing limit block 8 is less likely to cause motion interference during machining and allows for a larger directly exposed machining area on the transition flange, which is beneficial for machining the workpiece 5.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A machining positioning device for pre-positioning a swing limit block, characterized in that: The device includes a base plate (1), on which there is an axis positioning mechanism (2), an angle limiting mechanism (3), and a clamping mechanism (4); the axis positioning mechanism (2) can position the axis of the workpiece (5), the angle limiting mechanism (3) can limit the rotational freedom of the workpiece (5), and the clamping mechanism (4) can clamp the workpiece (5); the workpiece (5) has a lateral limiting surface (6); the angle limiting mechanism (3) includes a rotating shaft (7), on which there is a swing limiting block (8); when the axis of the workpiece (5) is positioned, the swing limiting block (8) can rotate with the rotating shaft (7) to be close to or away from the lateral limiting surface (6).

2. The machining positioning device for swing limit block pre-positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing limit block (8) has a curved contact surface (9); when the swing limit block (8) stands on the rotating shaft (7), it will tilt. The direction in which the swing limit block (8) tilts towards the workpiece (5) is called the forward rotation direction, and the opposite is the reverse rotation direction; along the reverse rotation direction, the horizontal projection distance between the curved contact surface (9) and the rotating shaft (7) gradually increases; after the swing limit block (8) tilts towards the workpiece (5), the curved contact surface (9) will lean against the lateral limit surface (6) in an inclined posture. Under the gravity of the swing limit block (8), the curved contact surface (9) tends to press against the lateral limit surface (6).

3. The machining positioning device for swing limit block pre-positioning according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lateral limiting surface (6) is a plane, and the curved contact surface (9) is a cylindrical surface; when the curved contact surface (9) rests on the lateral limiting surface (6), a line contact is formed between the two.

4. The machining positioning device for swing limit block pre-positioning according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base plate (1) is provided with a hinge support (10), and the hinge support (10) has a support hole (11) that rotates with the shaft (7). The tightness of the support hole (11) is adjustable. When the support hole (11) is tightened, the swing limit block (8) can overcome gravity and not tip over.

5. The machining positioning device for swing limit block pre-positioning according to claim 4, characterized in that: An adjustment slot (12) is provided on one side of the support hole (11), and the two sides of the adjustment slot (12) are connected by an adjustment bolt (13); the adjustment bolt (13) can change the width of the adjustment slot (12), thereby adjusting the tightness of the support hole (11).

6. The machining positioning device for swing limit block pre-positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate (1) has several workstations, each workstation is positioned for a workpiece (5) to be processed; the several workstations are arranged linearly, and the extension direction of the rotating shaft (7) is consistent with the linear arrangement direction of the several workstations. Swing limit blocks (8) are respectively provided on the rotating shaft (7) at the corresponding positions of each workstation.

7. The machining positioning device for swing limit block pre-positioning according to claim 6, characterized in that: The swing limit block (8) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (7), and at least one swing limit block (8) is connected to a handle (14).

8. The machining positioning device for swing limit block pre-positioning according to claim 6, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (4) includes a movable rod and a pressure plate (15) set on the top of the movable rod. When the movable rod moves down, it drives the pressure plate (15) to clamp the workpiece (5) to be processed. The base plate (1) is provided with several equal height blocks (16). The movable rod can also drive the pressure plate (15) to rotate to be opposite to or offset from the equal height blocks (16).

9. The machining positioning device for swing limit block pre-positioning according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressure plate (15) set on the movable rod between two adjacent workstations is a double-arm pressure plate. The double-arm pressure plate is installed on the movable rod in a hinged manner. The two ends of the double-arm pressure plate can press on the workpiece (5) to be processed at the two workstations respectively.

10. The machining positioning device for swing limit block pre-positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axis positioning mechanism (2) includes a positioning pin (17), and the workpiece (5) to be processed has a center hole opposite to the positioning pin (17).

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