A soil remediation mobile trolley

Abstract

This utility model discloses a mobile soil remediation vehicle, relating to the technical field of soil pollution remediation equipment, for collaborative remediation operations in farmland with mild heavy metal pollution. It mainly includes an earthworm maintenance chamber, an operating device, a turning and pushing mechanism, a chemical dosing system, and a funnel. The operating device at the front of the vehicle is equipped with double turning and pushing wheels and a chemical dosing system, enabling precise soil crushing and simultaneous chemical injection. The rear earthworm maintenance chamber integrates temperature control, ventilation, lighting, and spraying systems to maintain high earthworm activity and allows for precise chemical dosing through the funnel. Through the linkage of "mechanical crushing - precise chemical injection - biological disturbance," an integrated biological and chemical remediation system is constructed, improving remediation efficiency by more than 20%, reducing energy consumption and chemical dosage, and improving soil fertility after remediation, achieving a balance between economic efficiency and ecological sustainability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of soil pollution remediation equipment, specifically to a mobile soil remediation vehicle suitable for collaborative remediation operations of farmland with mild heavy metal pollution. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, heavy metal pollution in agricultural soils mainly stems from the overuse of pesticides and fertilizers, the spread of industrial and mining wastewater, and the deposition of traffic exhaust. Mainstream remediation technologies for this type of pollution have significant shortcomings. Traditional physicochemical remediation techniques, such as leaching and solidification, while effective quickly, damage the soil's ecological structure and are costly. Agricultural ecological remediation techniques, such as those using hyperaccumulating plants, have remediation cycles that can take several years, and the adaptability of plant varieties is limited. Microbial remediation techniques are highly specific, but the cost of cultivating microbial agents is high, and environmental stability is poor.

[0003] Existing bioremediation equipment generally suffers from two major bottlenecks: Firstly, the remediation methods are often limited to a single traditional approach, making it difficult to avoid the drawbacks of traditional methods. For example, the published patent CN118287482A uses a mobile soil loosening device for soil remediation, which is a single-method approach with low efficiency, and the extensive use of chemicals can damage the soil's ecological environment. Secondly, traditional mobile carts have some shortcomings in the field of bioremediation. The lack of integrated environmental control systems (such as temperature control, ventilation, and escape prevention) results in low bioactivity and a sharp reduction in the effectiveness of bio-disturbance. In addition, there is a serious disconnect between the mechanical and chemical synergy: traditional chemical dosing systems use static spraying, which makes it difficult for chemicals to penetrate into soil fissures, resulting in low contact area and excessively large particle size, further reducing the efficiency of chemical diffusion. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a mobile remediation cart that integrates bioremediation, precise soil fragmentation, and simultaneous chemical injection into fissures to ensure bioactivity and achieve low-pollution / high-efficiency soil pollution remediation. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings and limitations of existing technologies, this invention provides an integrated, mobile soil remediation vehicle. One objective of this invention is to break down the barriers of traditional single-remediation technologies by using a working device 2 to turn over the soil and spray a remediation agent, followed by the release of stored, active earthworms from a vermicomposting chamber 1 for subsequent bioremediation. This utilizes the biological disturbance caused by the earthworms to better integrate the remediation agent with the soil, while simultaneously leveraging the earthworms' biological characteristics for further soil remediation, thus combining biological and chemical remediation methods. A further objective of this invention is to achieve precise application of the agent and earthworms through the spatial linkage of the turning mechanism 3, the dosing system 4, and the funnel 5, enabling soil pretreatment and precise remediation, thereby improving remediation efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a soil remediation mobile trolley, comprising: an earthworm maintenance chamber 1 with a working device 2 installed at its head; a turning mechanism 3 installed inside the working device 2, and a turning wheel 34 arranged below the turning mechanism 3; a funnel 5 arranged on the bottom plane of the earthworm maintenance chamber 1, aligned with the turning wheel 34; and the working device 2 having a cylindrical outer cover, which is connected and fixed to the earthworm maintenance chamber 1 by a buckle 21.

[0006] Preferably, the turning mechanism 3 is installed inside the working device 2, including a motor 31, a support arm 32, and a connecting arm 33. The starting end of the support arm 32 is located at the center inside the working device 2 on the side near the earthworm maintenance chamber 1, and is installed horizontally, with a connecting hole at its end. The upper end of the connecting arm 33 has three limiting holes that mate with the connecting hole of the support arm 32 and are fixed by inserting a shaft. The connecting arm 33 is installed vertically downward. This structure ensures the overall rigidity and stability of the turning system. The central arrangement effectively balances the torsional torque during operation, while the three limiting holes provide an adjustable suspension height, allowing the equipment to adapt to different tillage depth requirements and improving the adaptability of the trolley under working conditions.

[0007] Preferably, two parallel turning wheels 34 are installed at the end of the connecting arm 33, which turn along the axis of the working device 2 to achieve a wider working width and improve repair efficiency. The blades of the cutting wheel 34 are arranged in a spiral shape and are crescent-shaped. The spirally arranged crescent-shaped blades generate progressive cutting force when rotating, which significantly reduces impact load and energy consumption. At the same time, its arc-shaped cutting edge has a good sliding cutting effect, which can effectively prevent weeds and roots from getting entangled and ensure continuous operation in complex soil environments.

[0008] Preferably, the motor 31 is mounted on the side of the connecting arm 33, and a transmission belt 35 is provided between it and the rotor of the cutting wheel 34. The transmission belt 35 has buffering and overload protection capabilities, can smoothly transmit power, reduce the impact on the motor, and improve the reliability and service life of the transmission system.

[0009] As a preferred design, two funnels 5 are arranged horizontally side-by-side on the bottom plane of the earthworm preservation chamber 1. Each funnel 5 is composed of four downward-sloping trapezoidal plates, forming a rectangular opening in the middle. The two funnels 5 are respectively aligned with the two cutting rollers 34 on the same plane. This one-to-one correspondence between the double funnels 5 and the double cutting rollers 34 enables precise delivery, ensuring that earthworms are accurately guided into the soil fissures turned up by the corresponding rollers, greatly improving the targeting and efficiency of bioremediation. The inclined trapezoidal plate structure ensures smooth earthworm delivery.

[0010] Preferably, a dosing system 4 is provided on the right side of the overturning mechanism 3, which includes a storage container 41, a dosing pump 42 and a dosing pipe 43. The dosing pipe 43 connects the storage container 41 and the dosing pump 42, and extends vertically downward through the bottom of the working device 2 after being led out from the dosing pump 42. The nozzle is located immediately behind the cutting wheel 34, ensuring that the agent can be injected into the fresh soil fissures instantly, which significantly improves the agent utilization rate.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the earthworm preservation chamber 1 is a container with a semi-cylindrical lid on top and a light adjustment device 14 on top, consisting of two long strip lamps horizontally installed at the arched top. The design of the semi-cylindrical lid and the arched top lamps maximizes the use of the interior space and provides conditions for uniform lighting. A ventilation system 12 is provided on the side wall. The ventilation system is a cylindrical vent with a fan inside to assist air circulation and expel harmful gases, thus ensuring the high activity preservation of earthworms.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom of the chamber is equipped with six straight wheels 11, installed at the four bottom corners and the center of the long side. The direction of the straight wheels 11 is the same as that of the long side of the bottom, facing the front of the chamber. The arrangement of the six straight wheels 11 forms a stable support system, which improves the load-bearing capacity and operational stability of the earthworm maintenance chamber 1.

[0013] Preferably, a water pump 15 is installed on the side of the earthworm maintenance chamber 1 near the working device 2. The water pump 15 is connected to a spray pipe 16, and a micro-mist nozzle 17 is installed at the end of the pipe. A substrate control system 18 and a temperature control device 19 are respectively installed on both sides of the water pump 15. The water pump 15, substrate control system 18 and temperature control device 19 are integrated and arranged on the side near the working device 2, which results in a compact structure and facilitates maintenance and management.

[0014] As a preferred option, an escape-proof net 3 is installed between the water pump 15 and the funnel 5, and the spray pipe 16 passes through the net to ensure the long-term unobstructed flow of the delivery channel and the normal operation of the equipment.

[0015] Beneficial Effects: This invention integrates temperature control, humidity control, ventilation, light control, pH regulation, and automatic feeding functions in the earthworm maintenance chamber 1, creating an optimal growth environment for earthworms, ensuring high activity and stable supply of the bioremediation agent, and overcoming the adverse effects of outdoor environmental factors. Furthermore, through the structural and positional design of the earthworm maintenance chamber 1 and the operating device 2, precise linkage is achieved between the turning mechanism 3, the dosing device 4, and the biological agent delivery, realizing a synergistic "mechanical-chemical-biological" remediation effect. This breaks down the barriers of traditional single remediation technologies, forming a complementary remediation synergy. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cabin of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the working device of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a side sectional view of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a top sectional view of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram, 1-Earthworm maintenance chamber, 2-Working device, 3-Tilting mechanism, 4-Dosing system, 5-Function funnel, 11-Straight wheel, 12-Ventilation system, 13-Escape prevention net, 14-Light adjustment device, 15-Water pump, 16-Spray pipe, 17-Micro-mist nozzle, 18-Matrix control system, 19-Temperature control device, 21-Snap fastener, 31-Motor, 32-Support arm, 33-Connecting arm, 34-Tilting wheel, 35-Drive belt, 41-Drug storage container, 42-Dosing pump, 43-Dosing pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0022] This utility model provides a soil remediation vehicle. The front working device is equipped with a turning mechanism and a spraying system. While cutting up the soil, it sprays biochar remediation agent into the crevices, increasing the contact area between the remediation agent and the soil. The vehicle body is a biological maintenance chamber to maintain the activity of earthworms. The chamber is equipped with a funnel corresponding to the turning mechanism. While moving and applying the agent, earthworms are released and precisely placed into the turned soil, realizing the combination of bioremediation and chemical remediation, reducing the damage to the ecosystem during soil remediation.

[0023] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the overall structure of the soil remediation mobile vehicle consists of a front working device 2 and a rear earthworm care chamber 1, connected by four mechanical clips 21, spaced 90° apart, installed on the four cardinal directions of the cylindrical working device 2 sidewalls, forming a complete movable vehicle body. The earthworm care chamber 1 has six straight wheels 11 at its bottom: four at the four corners and two at the center of the two long sides. All the straight wheels 11 roll in the same direction as the long sides of the chamber, ensuring optimal load-bearing stability during field movement. The multiple sets of straight wheels 11 also guarantee the load-bearing capacity of the earthworm care chamber 1's substrate and better adapt to uneven farmland conditions.

[0024] like Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the earthworm care chamber 1 is the core of the entire vehicle's bioremediation system. To ensure the activity of the earthworms within the chamber during the remediation process, its design fully considers various biological care requirements. The top of the chamber is equipped with an openable semi-cylindrical cover for easy maintenance. Two long LED tubes are horizontally installed at the arched top below the cover, forming a light regulation device 14. During the remediation process, this device can simulate the sunrise and sunset light cycle (e.g., setting 14 hours of light / 10 hours of darkness). This periodic light effectively stimulates the earthworms' physiological rhythms, promoting their feeding and reproductive behaviors, significantly improving their biological activity and population growth rate. A ventilation system 12 is installed on the side wall of the chamber, a cylindrical structure with an embedded low-speed adjustable fan. The fan continuously delivers fresh air into the chamber while expelling harmful gases such as carbon dioxide and ammonia produced by earthworm metabolism, maintaining humidity within a suitable range of 70%-80%, thus avoiding damage to earthworm activity caused by oxygen deficiency and accumulated exhaust gases in a confined environment.

[0025] The earthworm care chamber 1 maintains earthworm activity by regulating its internal environment through the installation of control facilities. Inside the chamber, near the operating device 2, a water pump 15, a substrate control system 18, and a temperature control device 19 are integrated. The water pump 15's inlet is connected to a clean water source, and its outlet is connected to a micro-mist nozzle 17 via a spray pipe 16. The micro-mist nozzle 17 can be moved to the substrate area inside the chamber and can be periodically activated to generate a fine mist, providing uniform humidification and preventing water flow from damaging the earthworm burrow structure. The substrate control system 18 has a built-in pH sensor and injection pump, which can monitor the pH of the substrate in real time. When the pH value deviates from the optimal range for earthworm survival (6.5-7.5), the system automatically injects a trace amount of acidic or alkaline regulator to ensure a stable substrate environment. The temperature control device 19 uses a combination of a semiconductor cooling chip and a heating wire, along with a temperature sensor, to precisely control the temperature inside the chamber between 15-25℃, where earthworms are most active, overcoming the adverse effects of external diurnal temperature variations and seasonal changes on earthworm activity.

[0026] The bottom plane of the earthworm rearing chamber 1 is equipped with one or more funnels 5, serving as channels for earthworm release, corresponding to the number of tilting wheels at the front. In this embodiment, two funnels 5 are preferably used, arranged horizontally side-by-side. Each funnel 5 is welded from four downward-sloping trapezoidal steel plates, forming a rectangular outlet at the bottom center. The inclined inner walls of the funnels 5 guide the earthworms to slide smoothly, preventing accumulation. A fine escape-prevention net 13 is placed on the side of the two funnels 5 closest to the control device. The mesh size is less than 1mm, effectively preventing earthworms from crossing the funnels 5 and approaching the control device, ensuring controllable release. The spray pipe 16 can pass through the mesh without affecting normal movement.

[0027] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the working device 2 is a chemical remediation method for the trolley, responsible for soil turning and pretreatment followed by chemical remediation. Inside the device, near the earthworm care chamber 1, is a turning mechanism 3. This device consists of a motor 31, a support arm 32, a connecting arm 33, and a turning wheel 34. The starting end of the support arm 32 is fixed to a pre-set base inside the working device 2 using high-strength bolts. Its installation position is located at the exact center of the working device 2 near the earthworm care chamber 1, ensuring the force balance of the entire turning system. The support arm 32 extends horizontally forward, with a connecting hole machined at its end.

[0028] The upper end of the connecting arm 33 is designed with three limiting holes, which are connected to the connecting holes at the end of the support arm 32 by inserting a pin. These three limiting holes provide different installation height options, allowing users to adjust the suspension height of the connecting arm 33 according to actual operational needs (such as the overturning depth), and to retract the overturning wheel 34 during non-working periods, offering high flexibility. The connecting arm 33 extends vertically downwards, and its end is equipped with two cutting wheels 34 mounted side-by-side via bearing seats. The axes of the two wheels are parallel to the axis of the working device 2, i.e., the direction of travel, achieving synchronous dual-wheel cutting of the soil and doubling the work efficiency.

[0029] Each cutting wheel 34 is welded with six crescent-shaped blades arranged in a spiral pattern. This spiral arrangement ensures that the blades cut into the soil gradually, greatly reducing cutting impact load and operating noise, and making the workload of the motor 31 more stable. Compared with the traditional straight cutting edge, the curved edge of the crescent-shaped blade has a better sliding cutting effect, less cutting resistance, and is less likely to get entangled in weeds and roots. The motor 31 transmits power through the transmission belt 35, driving the cutting wheel 34 to rotate at high speed, which can easily break up compacted soil and organic lumps into fine particles of 0.5-5mm. This particle size greatly increases the specific surface area of ​​the soil, creating excellent conditions for the subsequent adsorption reaction of pesticides. Tests have shown that this device can reduce the average particle size of the broken soil to half that of traditional rotary tillage methods, while reducing the required drive power by more than 10%. The crescent-shaped blade is made of 65Mn spring steel, quenched and tempered at medium temperature, achieving a surface hardness of HRC45-50. This allows it to maintain excellent wear resistance and impact toughness even when breaking up soil containing a small amount of sand and gravel. The helix angle of the blade is precisely calculated and optimally set at 12°. This angle provides the blade with a forward "pushing" force while ensuring effective cutting, slightly turning over the broken soil and exposing more fresh, uncovered fissures to the following pesticide nozzle. Field trials have shown that compared to traditional vertical rotary tillers, this design increases soil fissure exposure by approximately 15%, creating superior conditions for efficient pesticide penetration.

[0030] The right side of the turning mechanism 3 is integrated with a dosing system 4. This system consists of a storage container 41, a dosing pump 42, and a dosing pipe 43. The storage container 41 is used to hold powdered biochar remediation agent and has a fan blade to stir the agent, preventing clumping and uneven dispensing. The dosing pump 42 is a high-pressure peristaltic pump, which has the advantages of accurate metering and is not prone to clogging. The dosing pipe 43 extends vertically downward from the pump outlet, passing through the bottom of the working device 2. Its outlet nozzle is located directly behind the cutting wheel 34 and very close to the fresh cracks formed after the blade turns over the soil.

[0031] The workflow and collaborative mechanism of this invention are as follows: When the trolley moves in the field, the overturning structure 3 at the front of the working device 2 operates first. Two high-speed rotating cutting wheels 34 finely break up the contaminated soil within a depth of 0-20cm from the surface, instantly forming a large number of soil particles and micro-cracks filled with fresh cross-sections. Almost simultaneously, the dosing system 4 starts, and the dosing pump 42 precisely sprays the biochar agent through nozzles into the freshly broken soil cracks at a pressure of 0.5-1MPa. Because the crack surface is fresh and unoxidized, the adsorption effect on biochar particles is significantly enhanced. This synchronous dynamic dosing mode, compared with the traditional static method of surface spraying after the soil has been broken up, improves the uniformity of agent distribution in the soil by more than 15%, avoids the problem of insufficient contact between the agent and the pollutants, and greatly improves the efficiency of the remediation agent.

[0032] After the soil is mechanically broken up and initially mixed with the pesticide, the trolley continues to move forward. The earthworm rearing chamber 1 at the rear begins operation, precisely releasing the cultivated, highly active earthworms through a funnel 5 at the bottom into the freshly treated, loose, pesticide-laden surface layer of soil. Because the funnel 5 is linked to the turning wheel 34, the earthworms are placed into the recently turned soil fissures, allowing them to more quickly exert their bio-disturbing effect. Once in the soil, the earthworms' bio-disturbing effect begins to exert multiple benefits: First, as the earthworms burrow and forage, they continue to stir the soil, causing the injected biochar pesticide to further diffuse and migrate downwards, effectively performing a second deep mixing, solving the problem of limited depth in mechanical mixing. Second, the earthworms' intestinal microorganisms and their secreted mucus can alter the form of heavy metals in the soil, transforming them from an effective state into a more stable residual state, thereby reducing their biotoxicity. Finally, the activity of earthworms greatly improved the soil's aggregate structure and porosity, enhancing its aeration and water retention capacity, truly achieving "remediation and improvement simultaneously" and restoring the soil's ecological function. The earthworms cultivated and released in the earthworm maintenance chamber 1 were preferably Eisenia fetidae. This species not only has strong environmental tolerance and rapid reproduction, but more importantly, its gut secretes unique lumbrokinase and a series of binding proteins. When earthworms ingest soil mixed with biochar, their gut microenvironment (weakly acidic, highly active microorganisms) synergistically works with the biochar to not only adsorb and fix heavy metals, but also promote the transformation of heavy metals from highly reactive forms such as exchangeable and carbonate-bound states to more stable iron-manganese oxide-bound and residual states, thereby fundamentally reducing the bioavailability and mobility of heavy metals. This vehicle is not only suitable for the remediation of field crops such as rice and wheat, but its lightweight and modular design also allows it to be used in irregular plots such as hills and terraces. Furthermore, by changing the species of organisms cultivated in the earthworm maintenance chamber 1 or the type of remediation agent in the drug storage container 41, this vehicle can be easily adapted to the remediation of sites contaminated by organic pollutants such as petroleum hydrocarbons and pesticides, demonstrating broad application expansion potential.

[0033] In summary, this invention provides a stable and efficient bioremediation method for soil restoration through the earthworm maintenance chamber 1; the precise delivery of the remediation agent is achieved through the coordinated system of turning, injecting, and biological delivery on the working device 2; and the effect of chemical remediation is enhanced by the biological behavior of earthworms. These three elements are interconnected and work synergistically, not only increasing remediation efficiency by more than 20%, but also avoiding the irreversible damage to the ecosystem caused by traditional large-scale pesticide use, minimizing the damage to the soil ecology during the remediation process, and improving soil fertility after remediation, truly achieving both economic and ecological benefits.

Claims

1. A mobile soil remediation vehicle, characterized in that, include: The earthworm maintenance chamber (1) is equipped with a working device (2) at its head; The working device (2) is equipped with a tilting mechanism (3), and a tilting wheel (34) is set below the tilting mechanism (3); The bottom plane of the earthworm maintenance chamber (1) is provided with a funnel (5) and aligned with the turning wheel (34); The outer cover of the working device (2) is cylindrical and is connected and fixed to the earthworm maintenance chamber (1) by a buckle (21).

2. The mobile soil remediation vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overturning mechanism (3) is set inside the working device (2) and includes a motor (31), a support arm (32), and a connecting arm (33). The starting end of the support arm (32) is set at the center of the side of the earthworm maintenance chamber (1) inside the working device (2), and is installed horizontally. A connecting hole is set at the end. The upper end of the connecting arm (33) is provided with three limiting holes that cooperate with the connecting hole of the support arm (32) and are fixed by inserting a shaft. The connecting arm (33) is set vertically downward.

3. A mobile soil remediation vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Two parallel turning wheels (34) are installed at the end of the connecting arm (33) to turn the soil along the axis of the working device (2); the blades of the turning wheels (34) are crescent-shaped and arranged in a spiral.

4. A mobile soil remediation vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The motor (31) is mounted on the side of the connecting arm (33), and a transmission belt (35) is provided between it and the rotor of the tilting wheel (34).

5. A mobile soil remediation vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The earthworm maintenance chamber (1) has two funnels (5) arranged horizontally side by side on the bottom plane. The funnels (5) are made of four downward-sloping trapezoidal plates, forming a rectangular opening in the middle. The two funnels (5) are aligned with two flipping wheels (34) and are on the same line.

6. A mobile soil remediation vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A dosing system (4) is set on the right side of the overturning mechanism (3), which includes a drug storage container (41), a dosing pump (42) and a dosing pipe (43); the dosing pipe (43) connects the drug storage container (41) and the dosing pump (42), and extends vertically downward through the bottom of the working device (2) after being led out from the dosing pump (42).

7. A mobile soil remediation vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The earthworm maintenance chamber (1) is a container with a semi-cylindrical lid on top and a light adjustment device (14) on top, consisting of two long strip lamps installed horizontally at the top of the arc; a ventilation system (12) is provided on the side wall, which is a cylindrical vent with a fan inside to assist air circulation.

8. A mobile soil remediation vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the cabin is equipped with 6 straight wheels (11), which are installed at the 4 bottom corners and the center of the long side. The direction of the straight wheels (11) is the same as the direction of the long side of the bottom, facing the front of the cabin.

9. A mobile soil remediation vehicle according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The earthworm maintenance chamber (1) is equipped with a water pump (15) on one side of the working device (2). The water pump (15) is connected to a spray pipe (16), and a micro-mist nozzle (17) is installed at the end of the pipe. A substrate control system (18) and a temperature control device (19) are respectively installed on both sides of the water pump (15).

10. A mobile soil remediation vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that: An escape-proof net (13) is installed between the water pump (15) and the funnel (5), and the spray pipe (16) passes through the net.

Images