A new micro-flocculation filter device

Abstract

The utility model provides a novel micro flocculation filter device belongs to water treatment technical field, including micro flocculation filter pool body, the top of micro flocculation filter pool body inner chamber is provided with filter pool water distribution flower pipe, the upper portion of micro flocculation filter pool body inner chamber is provided with sand pebble micro flocculation reaction layer, the lower portion of micro flocculation filter pool body inner chamber is provided with quartz sand filter layer. The utility model discloses through PLC control system, can realize PLC full -automatic operation, can simplify water treatment technology, improves the filtration effect, improves the water quality of outlet water, can also prolong filter tank backwashing period. At the same time, the flocculating agent dosage can also reduce, the filter tank water head loss will increase fast, the filter tank failure, the backwashing period shortens, has the advantages such as short process, simple structure, little land occupation, high efficiency, high degree of automation, convenient installation and use, stable operation, safe and reliable, especially applicable to low turbidity water treatment, can be widely used in large, medium and small waterworks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of water treatment technology, specifically relating to a novel micro-flocculation filtration device. Background Technology

[0002] Microflocculation refers to the flocculation process in turbid water containing suspended particles, where flocculants are added to form tiny aggregates. Microflocculation filtration involves adding a small amount of flocculant to the water before filtration, rapidly mixing colloidal particles to destabilize them and form microflocculations invisible to the naked eye. These microflocculations, typically 10-50 μm in size, directly enter the filter bed for filtration. Due to their small size and low inertia, the microflocculations increase their contact with the filter media surface, resulting in full-surface adhesion. Once adhered, they are difficult to detach under normal filtration rates, improving the filter media's dirt-holding capacity and allowing the filter layer to trap more impurities. In microflocculation filtration systems, the filter bed not only performs conventional filtration but also acts as a flocculation and sedimentation unit. Microflocculation filtration primarily utilizes contact flocculation, supplemented by mechanical filtration and sedimentation. In the water treatment field, traditional flocculation-sedimentation-filtration processes typically require three independent unit operations: flocculation reaction, sedimentation separation, and filtration. This process is lengthy, requires a large area, and has high construction and operating costs. While conventional direct filtration technology simplifies the process, it has high requirements for the quality of the raw water and is prone to clogging or penetration of the filter layer due to excessively large or insufficiently strong flocs, which affects the quality of the effluent and the filtration cycle.

[0003] In recent years, microflocculation filtration technology has attracted widespread attention due to its high efficiency and energy saving. This technology involves adding a small amount of flocculant to the pre-filtration water, which is then rapidly mixed to destabilize colloidal particles and form microflocculations (typically 10-50 μm in size), which then directly enter the filter bed for filtration. Because of their small size and low inertia, the microflocculations easily come into full contact with the filter media surface and adhere stably through adsorption, significantly improving the filter bed's ability to trap contaminants. Furthermore, this technology integrates flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration functions into the filter bed, with contact flocculation as the primary method, supplemented by mechanical filtration and sedimentation. This not only simplifies the process but also improves the treatment efficiency for low-turbidity or slightly polluted water. However, existing technologies still suffer from problems such as insufficient precision in controlling flocculant dosage, poor stability of microflocculation formation, and imperfect filter bed optimization design, leading to fluctuations in filtration efficiency or increased operating energy consumption. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel micro-flocculation filtration device, which aims to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A novel micro-flocculation filtration device includes a micro-flocculation filtration tank. A water distribution pipe is installed at the top of the tank's internal cavity. A sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer is installed in the upper part of the tank's internal cavity. A quartz sand filter layer is installed in the lower part of the tank's internal cavity. A perforated flocculation plate is installed between the sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer and the quartz sand filter layer. Several water caps are installed at the bottom of the quartz sand filter layer. A backwash inlet pipe is installed at the bottom of each water cap. An outlet pipe is installed at the bottom of the backwash inlet pipe. A sludge collection hopper is installed at the bottom of the outlet pipe.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the end of the water distribution pipe of the filter pool is connected to a pipe mixer, the other end of the pipe mixer is connected to a flocculant dosing pump, and the input end of the flocculant dosing pump is connected to an inlet pipe.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a backwash outlet pipe is provided between the water distribution pipe of the filter pool and the sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer, and the end of the backwash outlet pipe is connected to the micro-flocculation filter pool body.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the end of the water outlet pipe is connected to a water outlet pipe, and the end of the backwash inlet pipe is connected to a backwash inlet pipe.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a certain expansion space is left between the sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer and the quartz sand filter layer.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer is placed on top of the perforated flocculation plate, and the micro-flocculation filter tank is automatically controlled by a PLC control system.

[0012] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: Through the PLC control system, fully automatic operation can be achieved; the water treatment process can be shortened, the filtration effect improved, the effluent quality enhanced, and the backwashing cycle of the filter bed extended. Simultaneously, the amount of flocculant used can be reduced; the head loss of the filter bed will increase rapidly, leading to filter bed failure and a shorter backwashing cycle; it has the advantages of short process, simple structure, small footprint, high efficiency, high degree of automation, convenient installation and use, stable operation, and safety and reliability; it is particularly suitable for low-turbidity water treatment and can be widely used in large, medium, and small waterworks. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Among them:

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Micro-flocculation filtration tank; 10. Inlet pipe; 11. Flocculant dosing pump; 12. Pipe mixer; 13. Filtration tank water distribution pipe; 14. Backwash outlet pipe; 15. Sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer; 16. Perforated flocculation plate; 17. Quartz sand filter layer; 18. Water cap; 19. Backwash inlet pipe; 20. Outlet pipe; 21. Outlet pipe; 22. Backwash inlet pipe; 23. Sludge collection hopper. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0018] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that excludes other embodiments.

[0019] Example

[0020] Reference Figure 1This embodiment of the present invention provides a novel micro-flocculation filtration device, including a micro-flocculation filtration tank 1, a filter tank water distribution pipe 13 at the top of the inner cavity of the micro-flocculation filtration tank 1, a sand and pebble micro-flocculation reaction layer 15 at the upper part of the inner cavity of the micro-flocculation filtration tank 1, a quartz sand filter layer 17 at the lower part of the inner cavity of the micro-flocculation filtration tank 1, a perforated flocculation plate 16 between the sand and pebble micro-flocculation reaction layer 15 and the quartz sand filter layer 17, a plurality of water caps 18 at the bottom of the quartz sand filter layer 17, a backwash water inlet pipe 19 at the bottom of the water caps 18, a water outlet pipe 20 at the bottom of the backwash water inlet pipe 19, and a sludge collection hopper 23 at the bottom of the water outlet pipe 20.

[0021] In this process, a micro-flocculation reaction layer 15 made of sand and gravel replaces the flocculation reaction tank, and the flocculation reaction and quartz sand filtration are completed in one tank, forming a micro-flocculation filtration tank. The micro-flocculation reaction layer 15 of sand and gravel is in the upper part of the tank, and the quartz sand filtration layer 17 is in the lower part of the tank. A certain expansion space (about 0.5m high) is left between the flocculation reaction layer 15 and the quartz sand filtration layer 17. The quartz sand filtration is transformed into a deep filtration tank, which not only shortens the water treatment process, improves the filtration effect, and improves the effluent quality, but also extends the backwashing cycle of the filter tank. At the same time, the amount of flocculant used can be reduced. The maturation period of the micro-flocculation filter tank can be shortened to about 30min to 40min. The total water production cost will decrease.

[0022] A sludge collection hopper 23 and a sludge discharge pipe are installed at the bottom. This is to collect and discharge the small amount of sludge that has settled into the micro-flocculation filtration tank 1. The water purification system does not need to stop operating when discharging sludge. It can effectively reduce the turbidity of the filtered water. When the turbidity of the water to be filtered is about 1 NTU, the turbidity of the filtered water can be controlled at about 0.1 NTU. In addition, the secondary micro-flocculation process is better than the conventional flocculation process in terms of TOC treatment effect, and the average removal rate can be increased by about 4%. The use of micro-flocculation filtration not only solves the problem of high turbidity of the initial filtered water, but also improves the removal rate of organic matter and algae. At the same time, the aluminum content of the filtered water does not increase, and the head loss of the filter water does not increase significantly.

[0023] Specifically, the end of the water distribution pipe 13 in the filter pool is connected to a pipe mixer 12, the other end of the pipe mixer 12 is connected to a flocculant dosing pump 11, and the input end of the flocculant dosing pump 11 is connected to an inlet pipe 10.

[0024] When the turbidity of the influent is low year-round (low temperature and low turbidity water), generally below 10-20 NTU, a trace amount of flocculant (coagulant aid) is added to the raw water via flocculant dosing pump 11. After mixing via pipeline mixer 12, the water enters the sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer 15, where the water has a short residence time. Afterward, the water directly enters the quartz sand filter layer 17 for deep filtration. Disinfectant is added to the filtered water before it enters the clear water tank. The turbidity of the effluent from the micro-flocculation filter tank 1 is generally less than 1 NTU. The trace amount of flocculant (coagulant aid) is added using metering dosing pump 11. The flocculant dosage is 2-4 mg / L; the coagulant aid dosage is 0.01-0.02 mg / L. The flocculant is generally PAC, or PFT, FeCl3; the coagulant aid is generally PAM.

[0025] Furthermore, a backwash outlet pipe 14 is provided between the water distribution pipe 13 of the filter tank and the sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer 15, and the end of the backwash outlet pipe 14 is connected to the micro-flocculation filter tank body 1.

[0026] The micro-flocculation reaction is completed in the sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer 15. The sand and gravel particles are relatively large, and the water flow resistance is small. The water flows through the sand and gravel layer as if it were flowing through a flocculation reaction tank. The water should not stay in the sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer 15 for too long, generally 2 to 4 minutes. The flocculant in the water can react more fully to form tiny flocs. The size of the tiny flocs is generally between 10-50 μm. If the formed flocs are too large, they are easily intercepted by the filter media, forming a layer of flocculent obstruction on the surface of the filter media in the filter tank. The deep filtration effect of the quartz sand filter layer 17 cannot be fully utilized. As a result, the head loss of the filter tank will increase rapidly, the filter tank will fail, and the backwashing cycle will be shortened.

[0027] Because the sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer 15 is high, it is a deep filtration. Therefore, the backwashing of the filter tank requires air and water backwashing to clean the filter media. The backwashing enters from the bottom of the micro-flocculation filter tank 1 and exits from the top. The backwashing wastewater of the micro-flocculation filter tank 1 enters the backwash water collection tank, and can be directly reused after sedimentation treatment.

[0028] Preferably, the end of the water outlet pipe 20 is connected to the water outlet pipe 21, and the end of the backwash inlet pipe 19 is connected to the backwash inlet pipe 22.

[0029] The quartz sand filter layer 17 has a height of 1.2m, of which the support layer is 0.2m. The filter media layer is higher than that of a typical filter tank, in order to achieve deep filtration, improve filtration efficiency, and extend the working cycle of the filter tank.

[0030] Furthermore, a certain expansion space is left between the sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer 15 and the quartz sand filter layer 17.

[0031] Furthermore, the sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer 15 is placed on top of the perforated flocculation plate 16, and the micro-flocculation filter tank 1 is automatically controlled by a PLC control system.

[0032] The sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer 15 is placed on the perforated flocculation plate 16, and the height of the sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer 15 is about 1m. Automatic control can be achieved through the PLC control system, which improves the efficiency of debugging and operation.

[0033] In use, based on conventional water treatment processes, a sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer 15 is used to replace the flocculation reaction tank, and the flocculation reaction and quartz sand filtration are completed in one tank to form a micro-flocculation filtration tank. The sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer 15 is in the upper part of the tank, and the quartz sand filtration layer 17 is in the lower part of the tank. A certain expansion space (about 0.5m high) is left between the flocculation reaction layer 15 and the quartz sand filtration layer 17; and the quartz sand filtration is transformed into a deep filtration tank, thus transforming the quartz sand (about 1.2m high) filtration into a deep filtration tank.

[0034] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., changes in the size, dimensions, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application). For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be inverted or otherwise altered, and the nature or number or position of discrete elements may be changed or altered. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this utility model. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Without departing from the scope of this invention, other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments. Therefore, this invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0035] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the best mode of carrying out the present invention as currently considered, or those features that are not relevant to implementing the present invention) may be omitted.

[0036] It should be understood that numerous specific implementation decisions can be made during the development of any practical implementation, such as in any engineering or design project. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure, the development effort will be a routine work of design, manufacturing, and production without requiring much experimentation.

[0037] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A novel micro-flocculation filtration device, characterized in that: The system includes a micro-flocculation filter tank (1), with a filter tank water distribution pipe (13) at the top of the inner cavity of the micro-flocculation filter tank (1), a sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer (15) at the upper part of the inner cavity of the micro-flocculation filter tank (1), a quartz sand filter layer (17) at the lower part of the inner cavity of the micro-flocculation filter tank (1), a perforated flocculation plate (16) between the sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer (15) and the quartz sand filter layer (17), a number of water caps (18) at the bottom of the quartz sand filter layer (17), a backwash water inlet pipe (19) at the bottom of the water caps (18), a water outlet pipe (20) at the bottom of the backwash water inlet pipe (19), and a sludge collection hopper (23) at the bottom of the water outlet pipe (20).

2. The novel micro-flocculation filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the filter pool water distribution pipe (13) is connected to a pipe mixer (12), the other end of the pipe mixer (12) is connected to a flocculant dosing pump (11), and the input end of the flocculant dosing pump (11) is connected to an inlet pipe (10).

3. The novel micro-flocculation filtration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A backwash outlet pipe (14) is provided between the water distribution pipe (13) of the filter pool and the sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer (15), and the end of the backwash outlet pipe (14) is connected to the micro-flocculation filter pool body (1).

4. The novel micro-flocculation filtration device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end of the water outlet pipe (20) is connected to the water outlet pipe (21), and the end of the backwash water inlet pipe (19) is connected to the backwash water inlet pipe (22).

5. The novel micro-flocculation filtration device according to claim 4, characterized in that: There is a certain expansion space between the sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer (15) and the quartz sand filter layer (17).

6. A novel micro-flocculation filtration device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sand and gravel micro-flocculation reaction layer (15) is placed on top of the perforated flocculation plate (16), and the micro-flocculation filter tank (1) is automatically controlled by a PLC control system.

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