A slope-adjustable experimental platform for water inrush volume of mine rock channel flow

Abstract

The application discloses a slope-adjustable mine rock channel flow and water inrush amount experimental platform, which is used to solve the problem that the slope of a leakage water tank is fixed and it is difficult to flexibly simulate the crack water inrush amount change under different channel slope conditions in the prior art. The experimental platform comprises a water storage device, a leakage water tank, a lifting mechanism, a drainage channel assembly and a measurement assembly. The leakage water tank is communicated with the water storage device, the water storage device is used for providing water flow to the leakage water tank, and the leakage water tank is provided with a crack for discharging water flow. The lifting mechanism is connected with the leakage water tank and is used for driving one end of the leakage water tank to lift so as to adjust the slope of the leakage water tank. The drainage channel assembly comprises an auxiliary drainage channel and a main drainage channel. The auxiliary drainage channel is used for receiving the water flow discharged by the crack, and the main drainage channel is used for receiving the water flow discharged from the end of the leakage water tank. The measurement assembly is connected with the drainage channel assembly and is used for measuring the water flow discharged by the crack received by the auxiliary drainage channel and the water flow discharged from the end received by the main drainage channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mine water hazard prevention and control technology, specifically to an experimental platform for the flow and outflow of water in mine rock channels with adjustable slope. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of mine water hazard prevention and control, the intrusion of surface water from gullies into the mine through mining-induced fractures is one of the important factors inducing mine water inrush accidents. After coal seam mining, the overlying strata develop fissures or cracks due to mining activities. When these cracks develop upwards and connect with surface rock gullies, surface water in the gullies may leak downwards into the goaf or underground roadways. This type of water inrush process is affected by factors such as gully slope, water flow rate, water flow velocity, gully roughness, crack aperture, number of cracks, and crack distribution location. Field conditions are complex and it is difficult to directly control variables for repeated experiments. Therefore, it is usually necessary to conduct indoor model experiments to simulate the process of surface water from gullies entering the mine through mining-induced fractures, so as to change the relevant influencing factors under controllable conditions, obtain the variation law of water inrush volume in gullies and fractures under different working conditions, and provide experimental basis for mine water hazard prevention and control, water inrush risk assessment, and prevention and control measure design.

[0003] In the prior art, Chinese utility model patent CN206224888U discloses an experimental platform for the outflow volume of water in mine rock channels. This platform supplies water to a drainage trough with a slope via a water storage device. Multiple adjustable-tension cracks are set at the bottom of the drainage trough, and the outflow volume from the cracks and the remaining flow rate at the end of the trough are measured using auxiliary drainage channels, main drainage channels, triangular weirs, rectangular weirs, and measuring needles. This experimental platform can simulate the process of water flowing down a channel through cracks. However, its drainage trough has a fixed slope structure. To simulate different channel slopes, multiple drainage troughs with different fixed slopes need to be set up. Due to limitations in laboratory space, platform construction costs, and trough processing conditions, the number of troughs with fixed slopes is usually limited, resulting in fewer simulated slope conditions and discontinuous slope changes. Furthermore, experiments with different slopes require switching between different troughs, and differences in trough roughness, crack arrangement, and installation errors may also affect the comparability of experimental data. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address this issue, this application provides a slope-adjustable experimental platform for the outflow volume of water in mine rock channels, which solves the problem that the slope of the leakage trough in existing experimental platforms for the outflow volume of water in mine rock channels is fixed, making it difficult to flexibly adjust the channel slope on the same experimental platform and measure the outflow of water from cracks and the water discharged at the end under different slope conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: An experimental platform for the flow and outflow of water in a mine rock channel with adjustable slope includes a water storage device, a water leakage tank, a lifting mechanism, a drainage channel assembly, and a measurement assembly. The leaking water tank is connected to the water storage device, which is used to supply water to the leaking water tank. The bottom of the leaking water tank is provided with cracks for water to flow down. The lifting mechanism is connected to the water leakage tank and is used to drive one end of the water leakage tank to rise and fall, so as to adjust the slope of the water leakage tank. The drainage ditch assembly includes an auxiliary drainage ditch and a main drainage ditch. The auxiliary drainage ditch is used to receive water flowing down from the crack, and the main drainage ditch is used to receive water flowing out from the end of the leaking trough. The measuring component is connected and cooperates with the drainage ditch component to measure the water flow flowing down the cracks in the auxiliary drainage ditch and the water flow flowing out of the end of the main drainage ditch.

[0006] Optionally, there are multiple cracks, and the opening of the multiple cracks is adjustable; there are multiple auxiliary drainage channels, and the multiple auxiliary drainage channels are respectively arranged corresponding to the multiple cracks, for receiving the water flow discharged from the corresponding cracks.

[0007] Optionally, it also includes a horizontal sliding mechanism, on which the drainage ditch assembly is disposed. The horizontal sliding mechanism is used to drive the drainage ditch assembly to move horizontally, so that during or after the slope adjustment of the leakage trough, the main drainage ditch corresponds to the end outlet position of the leakage trough, and each of the auxiliary drainage ditches corresponds to the discharge position of the corresponding crack.

[0008] Optionally, flexible flow guiding connectors are provided between the end outlet of the water leakage trough and the main drainage channel, and between the discharge point of the crack and the corresponding auxiliary drainage channel. The flexible flow guiding connectors are used to guide the water flow into the corresponding main drainage channel or auxiliary drainage channel during or after the slope adjustment of the water leakage trough.

[0009] Optionally, the lifting mechanism is a first electric cylinder, the fixed end of the first electric cylinder is connected to the drainage ditch assembly, the output end of the first electric cylinder is connected to the end of the water tank away from the water storage device, and a rotary connector is connected between the output end of the first electric cylinder and the water tank.

[0010] Optionally, the water storage device includes a water storage tank, the top of which is provided with a connecting section, and a telescopic elastic element is provided between the connecting section and the water leakage trough. The telescopic elastic element is used to expand and contract when the lifting mechanism drives one end of the water leakage trough to rise and fall, so as to adapt to the relative position change between the water storage device and the water leakage trough and maintain the water supply connection between the water storage device and the water leakage trough.

[0011] Optionally, the two ends of the water leakage tank are respectively connected to lifting baffles. The lifting baffles are adjustable relative to the water leakage tank and are used to adjust the size of the water passage openings at both ends of the water leakage tank, so as to adjust the water level and flow rate of the experimental water in the water leakage tank.

[0012] Optionally, the measuring components include a triangular measuring weir, a rectangular measuring weir, a fixed probe, a movable probe, and a Pitot tube; the triangular measuring weir is provided at the end of each of the auxiliary drainage channels, and the rectangular measuring weir is provided at the end of the main drainage channel; the fixed probe is provided on the auxiliary drainage channel and the main drainage channel for measuring the water level in the corresponding drainage channel; the movable probe and the Pitot tube are provided on the leaking water tank, the movable probe is used to measure the water level in the leaking water tank, and the Pitot tube is used to measure the water flow velocity in the leaking water tank.

[0013] Optionally, the water storage device includes a water storage tank, a water supply pipe, a water pump, a valve, and a water stabilizing grid. The water supply pipe is connected to the water storage tank, the water pump is used to supply water to the water storage tank through the water supply pipe, the valve is installed on the water supply pipe to regulate the flow rate of water entering the water storage tank, and the water stabilizing grid is installed in the water storage tank to stabilize the water output from the water supply pipe.

[0014] The slope-adjustable mine rock channel water runoff volume test platform also includes a return pool, which is connected to the auxiliary drainage channel and the main drainage channel. The water pump is used to transport the water in the return pool to the water storage tank.

[0015] Optionally, the inner wall of the water leakage trough is provided with a roughening layer to simulate the roughness of the inner wall of a rock channel.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least the following beneficial effects: During the experiment, the water storage device continuously supplies water to the leaking trough, allowing the water to flow along it to simulate the water flow process in a mine rock channel. A lifting mechanism drives one end of the leaking trough to rise and fall, changing its slope and simulating the water flow under different slope conditions. When the water flows through a crack at the bottom of the leaking trough, some water flows down through the crack and is collected by an auxiliary drainage channel; water that does not flow down through the crack continues to flow along the leaking trough and is discharged from the end of the trough before being collected by the main drainage channel. Measurement components measure the water flow from the crack collected by the auxiliary drainage channel and the water flow discharged from the end of the main drainage channel, respectively, thereby obtaining the changes in the amount of water flowing down through the crack and the remaining water flow at the end under different slope conditions. Through the above structural arrangement, this application can adjust the slope of the leaking trough on the same experimental platform, avoiding reliance on multiple fixed-slope troughs for experiments. This improves the flexibility of channel slope simulation and facilitates the analysis of the impact of changes in the leaking trough slope on the water flow flowing down through the crack. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more intuitively illustrate the prior art and this application, several exemplary figures are provided below. It should be understood that the specific shapes and structures shown in the figures should not generally be regarded as limiting conditions for implementing this application; for example, based on the technical concept disclosed in this application and the exemplary figures, those skilled in the art are able to easily make conventional adjustments or further optimizations to the addition / reduction / classification, specific shapes, positional relationships, connection methods, size ratios, etc. of certain units (components).

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an experimental platform for the runoff volume of rocky mine water in a slope-adjustable mine channel, provided as an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Another structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a drainage ditch assembly provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a water leakage tank provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between a water storage device and a return pool provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Water storage device; 11. Water storage tank; 111. Connecting section; 12. Water supply pipe; 13. Water pump; 14. Valve; 15. Water stabilizing grid; 2. Leakage trough; 21. Crack; 22. Lifting baffle plate; 3. Lifting mechanism; 31. Rotary connector; 4. Drainage ditch assembly; 41. Auxiliary drainage ditch; 42. Main drainage ditch; 5. Measuring assembly; 51. Triangular measuring weir; 52. Rectangular measuring weir; 53. Fixed probe; 54. Movable probe; 55. Pitot tube; 6. Return tank; 7. Telescopic elastic element; 8. Horizontal sliding mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0021] In the description of this application: unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. The terms "first," "second," "third," etc., in this application are intended to distinguish the objects referred to and do not have any special meaning in terms of technical connotation (e.g., they should not be construed as an emphasis on importance or order). Expressions such as "including," "comprising," and "having" also mean "not limited to" (certain units, components, materials, steps, etc.).

[0022] refer to Figure 1-5 This application discloses an experimental platform for the flow and outflow of water in a mine rock channel with adjustable slope, including a water storage device 1, a water leakage tank 2, a lifting mechanism 3, a drainage channel assembly 4, and a measuring assembly 5. The water leakage tank 2 is connected to the water storage device 1. The water storage device 1 is used to supply water to the water leakage tank 2. The bottom of the water leakage tank 2 is provided with a crack 21 for water to flow down. The lifting mechanism 3 is connected and cooperates with the water tank 2 to drive one end of the water tank 2 to lift and lower, so as to adjust the slope of the water tank 2. The drainage ditch assembly 4 includes an auxiliary drainage ditch 41 and a main drainage ditch 42. The auxiliary drainage ditch 41 is used to receive the water flow discharged from the crack 21, and the main drainage ditch 42 is used to receive the water flow discharged from the end of the leakage trough 2. The measuring component 5 is connected and cooperates with the drainage ditch component 4 to measure the water flow flowing down the crack 21 received by the auxiliary drainage ditch 41 and the end discharge water flow received by the main drainage ditch 42.

[0023] During the experiment, the water storage device 1 continuously supplies water to the leakage trough 2, allowing the water to flow along the trough 2 to simulate the water flow process in a rocky channel in a mine. The lifting mechanism 3 drives one end of the leakage trough 2 to rise and fall, changing its slope and simulating the water flow under different slope conditions. When the water flows through the crack 21 at the bottom of the leakage trough 2, some water flows down through the crack 21 and is collected by the auxiliary drainage channel 41; the water that does not flow down through the crack 21 continues to flow along the leakage trough 2 and is discharged from the end of the leakage trough 2, where it is collected by the main drainage channel 42. The measuring component 5 measures the water flow from the crack 21 collected by the auxiliary drainage channel 41 and the water flow discharged from the end of the main drainage channel 42, thereby obtaining the changes in the amount of water flowing down through the crack 21 and the remaining outflow at the end under different slope conditions. With the above-mentioned structural combination, this application can adjust the slope of the leakage tank 2 on the same experimental platform, avoiding the need to rely on multiple tanks with fixed slopes for experiments. This is beneficial to improving the flexibility of channel slope simulation and facilitates the analysis of the impact of the slope change of the leakage tank 2 on the water flow discharged from the crack 21.

[0024] There are multiple cracks 21, and the opening of multiple cracks 21 is adjustable; there are multiple auxiliary drainage channels 41, and the multiple auxiliary drainage channels 41 are respectively set up to correspond to the multiple cracks 21, and are used to receive the water flow discharged from the corresponding cracks 21.

[0025] By setting multiple cracks 21, the actual situation of multiple mining-induced cracks 21 or fissure channels at the bottom of rock channels can be simulated. By setting multiple cracks 21 with adjustable openings, the width of cracks 21 can be changed on the same experimental platform, thereby simulating the channel water discharge process under different crack development levels. When the experimental water flows along the leakage channel 2 to the location of each crack 21, part of the water flows down through the corresponding crack 21 and enters the corresponding auxiliary drainage channel 41. This allows for separate collection and subsequent measurement of the discharged water flow under different crack 21 locations and different crack 21 opening conditions. Through the above settings, the problem of difficulty in distinguishing the discharged water flow from multiple cracks 21 after mixing can be avoided, which is conducive to obtaining the outflow volume corresponding to each crack 21 and further analyzing the impact of crack 21 opening changes on the outflow volume of channel water, thus improving the relevance and comparability of experimental data.

[0026] In some embodiments, an adjustable gate is provided below the crack 21. The adjustable gate is movably connected to the bottom of the water leakage trough 2. By adjusting the position of the adjustable gate relative to the crack 21, the degree to which the crack 21 is blocked or opened is changed, thereby adjusting the effective water passage opening of the crack 21. Specifically, the adjustable gate can move along the width direction or the length direction of the crack 21, or it can rotate relative to the crack 21 to change the water passage area of ​​the crack 21. With this structure, different opening conditions can be formed at the same crack 21 position without replacing the water leakage trough 2 or reprocessing the crack 21, facilitating experiments on the opening variation of the crack 21.

[0027] In other embodiments, the opening of crack 21 can also be adjusted using a removable shim, insert plate, slide plate, or screw adjustment structure. For example, guide grooves can be provided on both sides of crack 21, and an adjustment plate can be installed in the guide grooves. The opening size of crack 21 can be changed by moving the adjustment plate; or a screw drive can be provided at crack 21, and the adjustment plate can be moved by rotating the screw, thereby achieving continuous adjustment of the opening of crack 21. All of the above structures can achieve adjustment of the size of the discharge channel of crack 21 to adapt to the flood discharge simulation experiment under different crack 21 width conditions.

[0028] The slope-adjustable mine rock channel water runoff volume test platform also includes a horizontal sliding mechanism 8. The drainage channel component 4 is set on the horizontal sliding mechanism 8. The horizontal sliding mechanism 8 is used to drive the drainage channel component 4 to move in the horizontal direction so that during or after the slope adjustment of the water leakage tank 2, the main drainage channel 42 is aligned with the end outlet position of the water leakage tank 2, and each auxiliary drainage channel 41 is aligned with the discharge position of the corresponding crack 21.

[0029] When one end of the leaking water tank 2 is raised or lowered by the lifting mechanism 3, the slope of the leaking water tank 2 changes, and the water outlet position at the end of the leaking water tank 2 and the discharge position of each crack 21 will shift horizontally relative to the drainage ditch assembly 4. By setting the drainage ditch assembly 4 on the horizontal sliding mechanism 8, the horizontal sliding mechanism 8 can drive the drainage ditch assembly 4 to move horizontally, so that the main drainage ditch 42 adjusts its position according to the water outlet position at the end of the leaking water tank 2, and each auxiliary drainage ditch 41 adjusts its position according to the discharge position of the corresponding crack 21. Thus, when the leaking water tank 2 is in different slope states, the main drainage ditch 42 can still stably receive the water flow discharged from the end of the leaking water tank 2, and each auxiliary drainage ditch 41 can still stably receive the water flow discharged from the corresponding crack 21, avoiding the problems of water flow deviation, leakage, or water flow from adjacent cracks 21 mixing into the same auxiliary drainage ditch 41 due to changes in the slope of the leaking water tank 2, thereby improving the accuracy of water flow collection and the reliability of measurement results under different slope experimental conditions.

[0030] In some embodiments, the slope-adjustable mine rock channel water runoff volume experimental platform includes a platform, a horizontal sliding mechanism 8 including a second electric cylinder, the second electric cylinder being fixed on the platform, and the output shaft of the second electric cylinder being connected to the drainage channel assembly 4. Multiple auxiliary drainage channels 41 and a main drainage channel 42 are formed on the drainage channel assembly 4. When the output shaft of the second electric cylinder extends or retracts, it can drive the drainage channel assembly 4 to move horizontally relative to the platform as a whole, thereby synchronously adjusting the positions of the multiple auxiliary drainage channels 41 and the main drainage channel 42. After the slope of the water leakage tank 2 is adjusted, by controlling the extension and retraction of the second electric cylinder, the main drainage channel 42 is moved to a position corresponding to the water outlet position at the end of the water leakage tank 2, and each auxiliary drainage channel 41 is moved to a position corresponding to the discharge position of the corresponding crack 21. Using the second electric cylinder to drive the overall movement of the drainage channel assembly 4 facilitates precise adjustment of the position of the drainage channel assembly 4.

[0031] In other embodiments, flexible flow guides are provided between the end outlet of the water leakage trough 2 and the main drainage channel 42, and between the discharge point of the crack 21 and the corresponding auxiliary drainage channel 41. The flexible flow guides are used to guide the water flow into the corresponding main drainage channel 42 or auxiliary drainage channel 41 during or after the slope adjustment of the water leakage trough 2.

[0032] When the slope of the leaking trough 2 is adjusted, the outlet position at the end of the leaking trough 2 and the discharge position of each crack 21 will shift relative to the change in the posture of the leaking trough 2. If only the fixed receiving position of the drainage channel is relied upon, problems such as water flow deviation, leakage, or splashing into adjacent drainage areas are likely to occur. By setting flexible flow guiding connectors between the outlet position at the end of the leaking trough 2 and the main drainage channel 42, and by setting flexible flow guiding connectors between the discharge position of the crack 21 and the corresponding auxiliary drainage channel 41, the bending, deformation, or position compensation capabilities of the flexible flow guiding connectors can be utilized to guide the water flow discharged at the end into the main drainage channel 42 during or after the slope adjustment of the leaking trough 2, and guide the water flow discharged from each crack 21 into the corresponding auxiliary drainage channel 41.

[0033] In some embodiments, the flexible flow guide connector can be a hose, with multiple hoses respectively corresponding to multiple auxiliary drainage channels 41 and main drainage channels 42; one end of the hose corresponding to the auxiliary drainage channel 41 is connected to the discharge position of the corresponding crack 21, and the other end extends into the corresponding auxiliary drainage channel 41, for guiding the water flow discharged from the crack 21 into the corresponding auxiliary drainage channel 41; one end of the hose corresponding to the main drainage channel 42 is connected to the water outlet channel at the end of the water leakage tank 2, and the other end extends into the main drainage channel 42, for guiding the water flow discharged from the end of the water leakage tank 2 into the main drainage channel 42. The hose can bend or swing with the slope of the water leakage tank 2, thereby adapting to the relative position changes between the water leakage tank 2 and the drainage channel, avoiding connection interference caused by rigid connection, and also avoiding water flow not entering the corresponding drainage channel due to water outlet position deviation.

[0034] In some embodiments, the water outlet at the end of the water tank 2 may be a crack 21 opened at the end of the water tank 2, or it may be the outlet at the end of the water tank 2.

[0035] The lifting mechanism 3 is a first electric cylinder. The fixed end of the first electric cylinder is connected to the drainage ditch assembly 4, and the output end of the first electric cylinder is connected to the end of the water tank 2 away from the water storage device 1. A rotary connector 31 is connected between the output end of the first electric cylinder and the water tank 2.

[0036] When the slope of the water trough 2 needs to be adjusted, the output end of the first electric cylinder extends or retracts, causing the end of the water trough 2 away from the water storage device 1 to rise or fall, thus creating different tilt states for the water trough 2 relative to the water storage device 1 and changing the hydraulic gradient of the water flow within the water trough 2. Simultaneously, by installing a rotary connector 31 between the output end of the first electric cylinder and the water trough 2, the angle of the water trough 2 relative to the output end of the first electric cylinder can change during the raising and lowering process, avoiding interference, jamming, or localized stress concentration caused by a rigid connection between the output end of the first electric cylinder and the water trough 2. Therefore, the slope adjustment of the water trough 2 can be made more stable, and different slopes of channel flow simulation conditions can be formed on the same experimental platform.

[0037] In some embodiments, the rotary connector 31 can be a hinged connection structure. The rotary connector 31 includes a connecting seat, a hinge shaft, and a connecting ear plate. The connecting seat is connected to the output end of the first electric cylinder, and the connecting ear plate is connected to the end of the water tank 2 away from the water storage device 1. The connecting seat and the connecting ear plate are rotatably connected via the hinge shaft. When the output end of the first electric cylinder extends or retracts, the water tank 2 can rotate adaptively around the hinge shaft while being lifted or pulled, so that the linear extension and retraction motion of the first electric cylinder and the rotational lifting and lowering motion of the water tank 2 are matched, avoiding the lateral pushing or torsional action on the output end of the first electric cylinder due to the change of the connection angle when the water tank 2 rotates.

[0038] The water storage device 1 includes a water storage tank 11. A connecting section 111 is provided on the top of the water storage tank 11. A telescopic elastic element 7 is provided between the connecting section 111 and the water leakage tank 2. The telescopic elastic element 7 is used to expand and contract when the lifting mechanism 3 drives one end of the water leakage tank 2 to rise and fall, so as to adapt to the relative position change between the water storage device 1 and the water leakage tank 2 and maintain the water supply connection between the water storage device 1 and the water leakage tank 2.

[0039] In some embodiments, the telescopic elastic element 7 can adopt an existing structure capable of forming a flexible, sealed water-guiding channel. For example, the telescopic elastic element 7 can be a rubber corrugated pipe, a flexible waterproof sleeve, a rubber expansion joint, or a silicone flexible connector, with one end sealed to the connecting section 111 at the top of the water storage tank 11, and the other end sealed to the water inlet end of the leaking water tank 2. When the leaking water tank 2 is raised or lowered to adjust its slope, the rubber corrugated pipe, flexible waterproof sleeve, rubber expansion joint, or silicone flexible connector can expand or bend with changes in the connection angle and connection distance, thereby maintaining a seal at the connection without affecting the flow of water. The two ends of the telescopic elastic element 7 can be connected to the connecting section 111 and the leaking water tank 2 through flanges, pressure plates, clamps, bolts, or sealant to improve the leak-proof capability of the connection.

[0040] In some embodiments, the planar projection of the connecting section 111 between the water leakage trough 2 and the water storage tank 11 is trapezoidal, and the length of the connecting section 111 is 0.5m. By setting the connecting section 111 as a trapezoidal transition structure, the water flow output from the water storage tank 11 can gradually transition before entering the water leakage trough 2, reducing the local impact and turbulence when the water flow enters the water leakage trough 2 from the water storage tank 11, making the water flow entering the water leakage trough 2 more stable; the connecting section 111 can provide a certain rectification transition distance for the water flow, and also facilitates the connection arrangement between the connecting section 111 and the telescopic elastic member 7 and the water inlet end of the water leakage trough 2.

[0041] The two ends of the water leakage tank 2 are respectively connected to lifting baffles 22. The lifting baffles 22 are adjustable relative to the water leakage tank 2 and are used to adjust the size of the water passage openings at both ends of the water leakage tank 2 so as to adjust the water level and flow rate of the experimental water in the water leakage tank 2.

[0042] During the experiment, the lifting baffles 22 located at both ends of the leaking water tank 2 can provide adjustable water blocking at the inlet and outlet ends of the leaking water tank 2. By adjusting the position of the lifting baffles 22 relative to the leaking water tank 2, the size of the water passage openings at both ends of the leaking water tank 2 can be changed, thereby adjusting the water flow conditions entering the leaking water tank 2, as well as the water level and flow velocity within the leaking water tank 2. When the water passage opening is smaller, the water level in the leaking water tank 2 rises relatively, and the water flow velocity and flow pattern change accordingly; when the water passage opening is larger, the water flow capacity is enhanced, and the water level and flow velocity within the leaking water tank 2 also change accordingly. Therefore, based on the experimental conditions such as the slope of the leaking water tank 2 and the opening of the crack 21, the water flow boundary conditions can be further adjusted, enabling the experimental platform to simulate the process of water flowing down the rock channel through the crack 21 under different water levels and flow velocities, and facilitating the analysis of the impact of changes in water level and flow velocity on the water flow flowing down the crack 21.

[0043] In some embodiments, the lifting baffle 22 can adopt a pluggable structure. Specifically, slots for inserting the lifting baffle 22 are respectively provided on the inner walls at both ends of the water leakage tank 2. The two side edges of the lifting baffle 22 are respectively inserted into the corresponding slots, so that the lifting baffle 22 can be disassembled or adjusted relative to the water leakage tank 2. By changing the depth of the lifting baffle 22 inserted into the slot, the degree of obstruction of the water passage opening at the end of the water leakage tank 2 by the lifting baffle 22 can be changed, thereby adjusting the size of the water passage opening. The slots can guide and limit the lifting baffle 22, so that the lifting baffle 22 remains stable after adjustment, reducing the problem of baffle displacement caused by the impact of experimental water flow.

[0044] In some embodiments, the lifting baffle 22 may be provided with scale markings, or the water leakage trough 2 may be provided with scale markings near the slot, so as to record the adjustment position of the lifting baffle 22. Thus, the size of the water passage opening can be repeatedly set according to the same baffle position across different experimental groups, improving the repeatability of water level and flow rate adjustments.

[0045] The measuring component 5 includes a triangular measuring weir 51, a rectangular measuring weir 52, a fixed measuring needle 53, a movable measuring needle 54, and a Pitot tube 55. A triangular measuring weir 51 is provided at the end of each auxiliary drainage channel 41, and a rectangular measuring weir 52 is provided at the end of the main drainage channel 42. The fixed measuring needle 53 is provided on the auxiliary drainage channel 41 and the main drainage channel 42 to measure the water level in the corresponding drainage channel. The movable measuring needle 54 and the Pitot tube 55 are provided on the water leakage tank 2. The movable measuring needle 54 is used to measure the water level in the water leakage tank 2, and the Pitot tube 55 is used to measure the water flow velocity in the water leakage tank 2.

[0046] During the experiment, the water flowing down from crack 21 enters the corresponding auxiliary drainage channel 41 and is discharged through the triangular measuring weir 51 at the end of the auxiliary drainage channel 41. The fixed probe 53 is used to measure the water level in the auxiliary drainage channel 41 or the head above the triangular measuring weir 51, thereby determining the water flow rate in the corresponding auxiliary drainage channel 41 based on the correspondence between water level and flow rate. This water flow rate can be used as the discharge volume of the corresponding crack 21. The water flowing out from the end of the leakage trough 2 enters the main drainage channel 42 and is discharged through the rectangular measuring weir 52 at the end of the main drainage channel 42. The fixed probe 53 is used to measure the water level in the main drainage channel 42 or the head above the rectangular measuring weir 52, thereby determining the outflow volume at the end of the main drainage channel 42. The movable probe 54 is set on the leakage trough 2 to measure the water level in the leakage trough 2, and the Pitot tube 55 is used to measure the water flow velocity in the leakage trough 2. With the cooperation of the above-mentioned measuring components 5, experimental parameters such as the discharge volume of crack 21, the remaining outflow volume at the end of the leakage tank 2, the water level in the leakage tank 2, and the water flow velocity can be obtained respectively. This enables the experimental platform to conduct a relatively complete test on the channel water flow and breaching process under different slopes, different crack 21 openings, and different water flow conditions. It also facilitates the comparative analysis of experimental water volume and improves the completeness and reliability of experimental data.

[0047] It should be noted that the triangular weir 51, rectangular weir 52, fixed probe 53, movable probe 54, and Pitot tube 55 can all be commonly used hydraulic measurement structures in this field. Specifically, the triangular weir 51 is typically suitable for measuring relatively small flow rates in the auxiliary drainage channel 41, while the rectangular weir 52 is typically suitable for measuring relatively large flow rates in the main drainage channel 42. The fixed probe 53 can be fixedly installed on the corresponding drainage channel to read the stable water level or the water level upstream of the weir. The movable probe 54 can be adjusted according to the measurement position within the leakage tank 2 to obtain the water level at different locations. The Pitot tube 55 can determine the water flow velocity within the leakage tank 2 based on the relationship between the dynamic pressure and static pressure. The specific model, installation method, and calibration method of the above measurement structures can be selected according to the experimental platform size and measurement accuracy requirements.

[0048] The water storage device 1 includes a water storage tank 11, a water supply pipe 12, a water pump 13, a valve 14, and a water stabilizing grid 15. The water supply pipe 12 is connected to the water storage tank 11. The water pump 13 is used to supply water to the water storage tank 11 through the water supply pipe 12. The valve 14 is installed on the water supply pipe 12 and is used to regulate the flow rate of water entering the water storage tank 11. The water stabilizing grid 15 is installed in the water storage tank 11 and is used to stabilize the water output from the water supply pipe 12. The slope-adjustable mine rock channel water flow and outflow test platform also includes a return pool 6, which is connected to the auxiliary drainage channel 41 and the main drainage channel 42. The water pump 13 is used to transport the water in the return pool 6 to the water storage tank 11.

[0049] During the experiment, water pump 13 transports water from the return pool 6 to the storage tank 11 via the water supply pipe 12. The storage tank 11 then supplies experimental water to the leakage tank 2. By adjusting the opening of valve 14 on the water supply pipe 12, the flow rate of water entering the storage tank 11 can be changed, thereby providing experimental water under different flow conditions to the leakage tank 2. Since the water flow output by water pump 13 usually has a certain impact and disturbance, the water stabilizing grid 15, after being installed in the storage tank 11, can disperse, buffer, and rectify the water flow output by the water supply pipe 12, making the water flow in the storage tank 11 more stable. This reduces the fluctuations and turbulence generated when the water flow directly enters the leakage tank 2, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the water level, flow velocity, and water discharge volume measurement in the leakage tank 2. The water collected by the auxiliary drainage ditch 41 and the main drainage ditch 42 eventually flows back to the return pool 6, and is then pumped back to the water storage pool 11 by the water pump 13, thus forming a circulating water supply path, which can reduce water consumption during the experiment and enable the experimental platform to operate continuously for a longer period of time.

[0050] The inner wall of the water leakage trough 2 is equipped with a roughening layer to simulate the roughness of the inner wall of a rock channel.

[0051] By adding a roughening layer to the inner wall of the water leakage channel 2, a rough surface similar to the channel bed and wall of a rock channel can be formed on the inner wall of the water leakage channel 2. This causes the experimental water flow to experience resistance similar to that of a real rock channel, thus more realistically simulating the water flow state in a surface rock channel. The roughening layer can change the roughness of the inner wall of the water leakage channel 2, thereby affecting the flow velocity, water depth, and flow pattern of the water flow in the water leakage channel 2. This allows the experimental platform to not only adjust the slope of the water leakage channel 2, but also simulate the water flow process under different surface conditions of a rock channel by adjusting the roughness of the inner wall. As a result, the difference between the smooth inner wall of the water leakage channel and a real rock channel can be reduced, and the water discharge volume obtained under different slopes and different crack openings 21 is closer to the hydraulic process of water flowing into the well through crack 21 in the actual channel, improving the reliability and reference value of the experimental simulation results.

[0052] In some embodiments, the roughening layer can be formed by attaching coarse sand and gravel to the inner wall of the drainage channel 2. Specifically, cement mortar, epoxy resin, structural adhesive, or other bonding materials can be applied to the inner wall of the drainage channel 2 first. Then, before the bonding material cures, coarse sand and gravel are sprinkled on top, embedding the coarse sand and gravel into the bonding material. After the bonding material cures, the inner wall of the drainage channel 2 is rinsed or cleaned to remove any loosely attached sand and gravel, exposing the fixed coarse sand and gravel, thereby forming a roughening layer with a rough surface. By adjusting the particle size, spreading density, and bonding layer thickness of the coarse sand and gravel, drainage channel 2 inner walls with different roughness conditions can be formed to meet the needs of different rock channel roughness simulation experiments.

[0053] Overall experimental process of the slope-adjustable mine rock channel runoff volume test platform: During the experiment, the model scale of the experimental platform was first determined based on the actual mine rock channel's cross-sectional dimensions, channel slope, water inflow, and the location of mining-induced cracks 21. Based on this, the cross-sectional dimensions of the water leakage trough 2, the location of cracks 21, the opening range of cracks 21, and the experimental water flow range were determined. Then, according to the channel slope to be simulated, the height of one end of the water leakage trough 2 was adjusted using the lifting mechanism 3 to create the corresponding experimental slope. After adjusting the slope of the water leakage trough 2, the connection between the drainage channel assembly 4 and the water leakage trough 2 was adjusted using the horizontal sliding mechanism 8 and / or flexible guide connectors, so that each auxiliary drainage channel 41 corresponds to the discharge position of the corresponding crack 21, and the main drainage channel 42 corresponds to the end outlet position of the water leakage trough 2.

[0054] After the water pump 13 is started, the water flows through the water supply pipe 12 into the water storage tank 11, and tends to stabilize under the action of the water stabilizing grid 15, before flowing from the water storage tank 11 into the leakage trough 2. The flow rate of the water entering the leakage trough 2 can be controlled by adjusting the valve 14 on the water supply pipe 12; the water level and flow velocity in the leakage trough 2 can be changed by adjusting the lifting baffles 22 at both ends of the leakage trough 2; and the discharge channel under different crack widths or development degrees of cracks 21 can be simulated by adjusting the opening of the cracks 21. When the water flows along the leakage trough 2, some of the water flows down through the cracks 21 and enters the corresponding auxiliary drainage channel 41, while the water that does not flow down through the cracks 21 continues to flow along the leakage trough 2 and enters the main drainage channel 42 from the end of the leakage trough 2.

[0055] During measurement, the water level in the leakage tank 2 is obtained through the movable probe 54, and the water flow velocity in the leakage tank 2 is obtained through the Pitot tube 55. The water level and flow rate in each auxiliary drainage channel 41 are obtained through the triangular measuring weir 51 and the fixed probe 53 set at the end of each auxiliary drainage channel 41, and the flow rate is used as the discharge volume of the corresponding crack 21. The water level and flow rate in the main drainage channel 42 are obtained through the rectangular measuring weir 52 and the fixed probe 53 set at the end of the main drainage channel 42, and the flow rate is used as the remaining outflow volume at the end of the leakage tank 2. The sum of the water flow rates of multiple auxiliary drainage channels 41 can be used as the total discharge volume of the leakage tank 2 from the crack 21 under the experimental conditions, and the flow rate of the main drainage channel 42 can be used as the remaining water volume that does not discharge from the crack 21 and continues to be discharged along the channel. The specific flow conversion, the proportion of actual runoff volume, and the calculation methods for the degree of influence of different variables can be handled by referring to the experimental methods of the existing experimental platform for runoff volume based on surface gully water flow in mines. For example, CN106228889B has disclosed the idea of ​​obtaining the flow rate of auxiliary drainage channel 41 through triangular measuring weir 51, obtaining the flow rate of main drainage channel 42 through rectangular measuring weir 52, and using the sum of the flow rates of multiple auxiliary drainage channels 41 as the calculation method for the runoff volume of leakage trough 2.

[0056] When conducting variable experiments, two of the variables—crack opening 21, water flow rate, and water flow velocity—can be kept constant while the third variable is changed. The effect of this third variable on the amount of water discharged through crack 21 can then be observed. For example, under the same slope of the leaking trough 2, while keeping the water flow rate and velocity relatively stable, the crack opening 21 can be changed to analyze the effect of crack width on the amount of water overflowed. While keeping the crack opening 21 and water flow velocity relatively stable, valve 14 can be adjusted to change the water flow rate to analyze the effect of the inflow volume of the channel on the amount of water overflowed. While keeping the crack opening 21 and water flow rate relatively stable, the lifting baffle 22 can be adjusted to change the water flow velocity to analyze the effect of velocity changes on the amount of water overflowed. After completing a set of experiments under different slope conditions, the slope of the leaking water tank 2 is adjusted by the lifting mechanism 3, and the above experimental process is repeated. Data such as the discharge volume of crack 21, the outflow volume at the end, the water level and the flow velocity under different slope conditions can be obtained. This allows for the analysis of the influence of the slope of the rock channel, the opening of crack 21, the flow rate and the flow velocity on the volume of water flowing out of the channel.

[0057] Through the above experimental process, this application can simulate the flow conditions of channels with different slopes on the same leaking water tank 2, avoiding the need to set up multiple fixed slope water tanks for different slopes. At the same time, the auxiliary drainage channel 41 and the main drainage channel 42 respectively receive the water flow from the crack 21 and the water flow discharged at the end, which facilitates the separate measurement of the water volume of the crack 21 and the remaining outflow volume, and helps to form a complete water volume comparison relationship. This experimental process can change the influencing factors one by one under controllable conditions, reduce the interference of uncontrollable field conditions on the experimental results, and make the experimental data under different slopes, different crack 21 openings and different water flow conditions have good repeatability and comparability.

[0058] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way (as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features). For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described; these embodiments not explicitly written should also be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0059] The present application has been described in a relatively specific and detailed manner above through general descriptions and specific embodiments. It should be understood that, based on the technical concept of the present application, several conventional adjustments or further innovations can be made to these specific embodiments; however, as long as they do not depart from the technical concept of the present application, the technical solutions obtained by these conventional adjustments or further innovations also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A slope-adjustable experimental platform for water runoff volume in mine rock channels, characterized in that, Includes water storage device, water leakage tank, lifting mechanism, drainage ditch assembly and measuring assembly; The leaking water tank is connected to the water storage device, which is used to supply water to the leaking water tank. The bottom of the leaking water tank is provided with cracks for water to flow down. The lifting mechanism is connected to the water leakage tank and is used to drive one end of the water leakage tank to rise and fall, so as to adjust the slope of the water leakage tank. The drainage ditch assembly includes an auxiliary drainage ditch and a main drainage ditch. The auxiliary drainage ditch is used to receive water flowing down from the crack, and the main drainage ditch is used to receive water flowing out from the end of the leaking trough. The measuring component is connected and cooperates with the drainage ditch component to measure the water flow flowing down the cracks in the auxiliary drainage ditch and the water flow flowing out of the end of the main drainage ditch.

2. The slope-adjustable mine rock channel runoff volume experimental platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple cracks, and the opening of the multiple cracks is adjustable; there are multiple auxiliary drainage channels, and the multiple auxiliary drainage channels are respectively set up corresponding to the multiple cracks, and are used to receive the water flow discharged from the corresponding cracks.

3. The slope-adjustable mine rock channel runoff volume experimental platform according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a horizontal sliding mechanism, on which the drainage ditch assembly is mounted. The horizontal sliding mechanism is used to drive the drainage ditch assembly to move horizontally, so that during or after the slope adjustment of the leakage trough, the main drainage ditch corresponds to the end outlet position of the leakage trough, and each of the auxiliary drainage ditches corresponds to the discharge position of the corresponding crack.

4. The slope-adjustable mine rock channel runoff volume experimental platform according to claim 2, characterized in that, Flexible flow guiding connectors are provided between the end outlet of the water leakage trough and the main drainage channel, and between the outlet of the crack and the corresponding auxiliary drainage channel. The flexible flow guiding connectors are used to guide the water flow into the corresponding main drainage channel or auxiliary drainage channel during or after the slope adjustment of the water leakage trough.

5. The slope-adjustable mine rock channel runoff volume experimental platform according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism is a first electric cylinder. The fixed end of the first electric cylinder is connected to the drainage ditch assembly, and the output end of the first electric cylinder is connected to the end of the water tank away from the water storage device. A rotary connector is connected between the output end of the first electric cylinder and the water tank.

6. The slope-adjustable mine rock channel runoff volume experimental platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water storage device includes a water storage tank, and a connecting section is provided on the top of the water storage tank. A telescopic elastic element is provided between the connecting section and the water leakage trough. The telescopic elastic element is used to expand and contract when the lifting mechanism drives one end of the water leakage trough to rise and fall, so as to adapt to the relative position change between the water storage device and the water leakage trough and maintain the water supply connection between the water storage device and the water leakage trough.

7. The slope-adjustable mine rock channel runoff volume experimental platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the water leakage tank are respectively connected to lifting baffles. The lifting baffles are adjustable relative to the water leakage tank and are used to adjust the size of the water passage openings at both ends of the water leakage tank, so as to adjust the water level and flow rate of the experimental water in the water leakage tank.

8. The slope-adjustable mine rock channel runoff volume experimental platform according to claim 2, characterized in that, The measuring components include a triangular measuring weir, a rectangular measuring weir, a fixed probe, a movable probe, and a Pitot tube. The triangular measuring weir is located at the end of each auxiliary drainage channel, and the rectangular measuring weir is located at the end of each main drainage channel. The fixed probe is installed on the auxiliary and main drainage channels to measure the water level in the corresponding channels. The movable probe and the Pitot tube are installed on the leaking water tank. The movable probe measures the water level in the leaking water tank, and the Pitot tube measures the water flow velocity in the leaking water tank.

9. The slope-adjustable mine rock channel runoff volume experimental platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water storage device includes a water storage tank, a water supply pipe, a water pump, a valve, and a water stabilizing grid. The water supply pipe is connected to the water storage tank. The water pump is used to supply water to the water storage tank through the water supply pipe. The valve is installed on the water supply pipe to regulate the flow rate of water entering the water storage tank. The water stabilizing grid is installed in the water storage tank to stabilize the water output from the water supply pipe. The slope-adjustable mine rock channel water runoff volume test platform also includes a return pool, which is connected to the auxiliary drainage channel and the main drainage channel. The water pump is used to transport the water in the return pool to the water storage tank.

10. The slope-adjustable mine rock channel runoff volume experimental platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the water leakage trough is provided with a roughening layer to simulate the roughness of the inner wall of a rock channel.

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