A subway civil foundation pit deformation measuring device

Abstract

The utility model provides a subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measuring device, including foldable support and four measuring mechanisms, four measuring mechanisms are detachable connection in the four crosspieces bottom of foldable support respectively, measuring mechanism includes casing, scale, angle disc, pull rope and fixed plate, the upper end of casing is fixed in the crosspiece bottom of foldable support, and the upper end inboard wall of casing is assembled with two guide wheels, scale and angle disc are fixed in the casing inside respectively, and two are located below two guide wheels respectively, one end of pull rope is connected with gravity slide block in scale, and the other end is around two guide wheels and is connected with fixed plate to the offset slot of casing bottom and is downwardly penetrated, the side wall of fixed plate near foldable support extends a staff horizontally, and the casing bottom is assembled with the range finder corresponding with staff. The utility model not only can reduce detection difficulty, improve measuring efficiency, and also can be convenient to store and transport, reduce the space occupation under non - measuring state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of foundation pit construction technology, specifically to a deformation measuring device for subway civil engineering foundation pits. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of urban rail transit construction, the safety issues of deep foundation pit construction in subway civil engineering are becoming increasingly prominent. During the excavation and support process, foundation pits are prone to deformation phenomena such as horizontal displacement of sidewalls and bottom settlement due to factors such as geological conditions, surrounding loads, and construction disturbances. If these deformations exceed the safety threshold, they may cause engineering accidents such as foundation pit collapse, surrounding ground settlement, and cracking of adjacent buildings. Therefore, high-precision, real-time monitoring of foundation pit deformation is a key link in ensuring construction safety.

[0003] Currently, deformation monitoring of subway foundation pits largely relies on total stations to collect key data. While calculating deformation by measuring the relative positional changes between pre-established benchmarks and monitoring points, achieving high measurement accuracy, it has significant drawbacks: firstly, multi-point monitoring requires individual calibration at each point, leading to low measurement efficiency; secondly, as a specialized measuring instrument, total stations demand a high level of technical skill from operators, making it difficult for non-professionals to operate, resulting in poor operational flexibility. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a deformation measurement device for subway civil engineering foundation pits, which effectively solves the technical problems of low measurement efficiency and poor operational flexibility of existing subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation monitoring devices.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a deformation measuring device for subway civil engineering foundation pits, including a foldable bracket and four measuring mechanisms; the four measuring mechanisms are detachably connected to the bottom of the four crossbars of the foldable bracket; each measuring mechanism includes a housing, a scale, an angle disc, a pull rope, and a fixing plate; the upper end of the housing is fixed to the bottom of the crossbars of the foldable bracket, and two guide wheels are mounted on the inner side wall of the upper end of the housing; the scale and angle disc are fixed inside the housing, and are located below the two guide wheels; one end of the pull rope is connected to the gravity slider inside the scale, and the other end is wound around the two guide wheels and passes downward through the offset groove at the bottom of the housing to connect with the fixing plate; a marker extends horizontally on the side wall of the fixing plate near the foldable bracket; a distance measuring instrument corresponding to the marker is mounted at the bottom of the housing.

[0006] Preferably, a limiting ring is fixed to the upper end of the scale and the angle dial, and the limiting ring is sleeved on the outside of the pull rope.

[0007] Preferably, the scale includes a scale body and a gravity slider; a groove is formed inside the scale body along the length direction, and the cross-section of the groove is convex; a receiving groove communicating with the groove is formed on the side wall of the scale body away from the shell along the length direction; the gravity slider is slidably disposed in the groove and adapted to the groove; a pointer is fixed on the outer side wall of the gravity slider; the pointer is located in the receiving groove.

[0008] Preferably, a displacement sensor is provided at the bottom of the gravity slider.

[0009] Preferably, a tilt sensor is mounted on the outer surface of the pull rope on one side of the angle disc.

[0010] Preferably, the foldable bracket includes a column, four crossbars, and a hinge sleeve; a first limiting plate is fixed on the outer peripheral wall of the column near its upper end; the four crossbars are hinged at equal intervals to the upper outer peripheral wall of the column; the hinge sleeve is slidably sleeved on the outside of the column and located above the first limiting plate; a diagonal brace is hinged between the bottom of each crossbar and the hinge sleeve, and a clamping assembly is detachably connected to the free end of each crossbar.

[0011] Preferably, the clamping assembly includes a T-shaped connecting seat and two Z-shaped clamping plates that are symmetrical to each other; one end of each Z-shaped plate is hinged to the upper two sides of the T-shaped connecting seat, and the other ends of the two plates are detachably connected by fastening bolts; the upper end of the housing is fixed to the lower end of the T-shaped connecting seat.

[0012] Preferably, the foldable bracket also includes a pressure plate, a throttle, and an adjusting bolt for limiting the rotation of the crossbar; the pressure plate is located below the throttle; the upper end of the adjusting bolt is connected to the bottom of the throttle, and the lower end of the adjusting bolt moves through the pressure plate and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole at the upper end of the column.

[0013] Preferably, the free end of the crossbar is provided with two second limiting plates spaced apart from each other along the length direction, and the clamping assembly is clamped between the two second limiting plates.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this utility model has the following advantages:

[0015] (1) The subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measuring device provided by this utility model is equipped with a foldable bracket and a measuring mechanism. The measuring mechanism is equipped with a shell, a scale, an angle plate, a pull rope and a fixing plate. Two guide wheels are installed on the inner side wall of the upper end of the shell. A benchmark extends horizontally on the side wall of the fixing plate near the foldable bracket. A distance measuring instrument corresponding to the benchmark is installed at the bottom of the shell. Through the cooperation of the above components, the deformation measurement of the foundation pit can be realized through the measuring mechanism. The operation is simple and convenient, and there are no professional requirements for the inspection personnel. The operation is highly flexible, effectively reducing the inspection difficulty and improving the measurement efficiency. Moreover, the foldable bracket can realize the convenient storage and transportation of the subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measuring device, reducing the space occupation in the non-measurement state.

[0016] (2) The present invention provides a subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measuring device. By setting a limit ring, the stability of the pull rope can be improved, effectively preventing the pull rope from detaching from the guide wheel, so that the measuring mechanism can operate normally and ensure that the pull rope can smoothly drive the gravity slider to slide when the foundation pit deforms, so that the testing personnel can accurately read the displacement value of the gravity slider.

[0017] (3) The subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measuring device provided by this utility model has a foldable bracket with a column, four horizontal bars and a hinge sleeve. A first limiting plate is fixed on the outer peripheral wall of the column near the upper end. A diagonal brace is hinged between the bottom of each horizontal bar and the hinge sleeve. A clamping component is detachably connected to the free end of each horizontal bar. Through the cooperation of the above components, the foldable bracket can be opened or closed by sliding the hinge sleeve along the upper outer surface of the column to drive the diagonal brace to pull or push the horizontal bar to rotate around the hinge point between the column and the column. The operation is simple and convenient, which greatly improves the disassembly and assembly efficiency of the subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measuring device. Moreover, after the foldable bracket is opened, the first limiting plate can provide stable support for the hinge sleeve to ensure that the horizontal bar can remain horizontal.

[0018] (4) The subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measuring device provided by this utility model has a foldable bracket equipped with a pressure plate, a handle, and an adjusting bolt. Through the cooperation of the above components, the stability of the crossbar in the measurement state of the subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measuring device can be effectively improved, and the rotation of the crossbar can be prevented from affecting the measurement results. Specifically, when the foldable bracket is unfolded, the adjusting bolt is loosened by turning the handle, the pressure plate is rotated and the protrusions at the four corners of the pressure plate are rotated to the hinge seat of the hinge sleeve, and then the adjusting bolt is tightened by turning the handle to lock and fix the pressure plate, thereby limiting and fixing the crossbar. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the prior art and the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the prior art and the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the clamping component and the measuring mechanism in this utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the ruler in this utility model.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the foldable bracket in the folded state of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measuring device according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of a section at point C.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the usage state of a subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measuring device according to the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 10. Foldable bracket; 11. Column; 11a. First limiting plate; 12. Horizontal bar; 12a. Second limiting plate; 13. Hinge sleeve; 14. Diagonal brace; 15. Clamping assembly; 15a. T-shaped connecting seat; 15b. Z-shaped clamping plate; 16. Pressure plate; 17. Turn handle; 18. Adjusting bolt; 20. Measuring mechanism; 21. Housing; 21a. Guide wheel; 21b. Offset groove; 21c. Rangefinder; 22. Scale; 22a. Scale body; 22b. Gravity slider; 22c. Slide groove; 22d. Receiving groove; 22e. Pointer; 23. Angle disc; 24. Pull rope; 25. Fixing plate; 26. Marker; 27. Limiting ring; 28. Displacement sensor; 29. ​​Tilt sensor; 30. Foundation pit. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this utility model, the following detailed description of a subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measuring device provided by this utility model is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can better understand this utility model and implement it. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0030] In this embodiment, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0031] It should be noted that when one element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it is directly connected to and integrated with the other element, or there may be an intervening element present. The terms "mounted," "one end," "the other end," and similar expressions used in this invention are for illustrative purposes only.

[0032] Please see Figures 1 to 8 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a deformation measuring device for subway civil engineering foundation pits is provided, including a foldable bracket 10 and four measuring mechanisms 20; the four measuring mechanisms 20 are detachably connected to the bottom of the four crossbars 12 of the foldable bracket 10; the measuring mechanism 20 includes a housing 21, a scale 22, an angle plate 23, a pull rope 24, and a fixing plate 25; the upper end of the housing 21 is fixed to the bottom of the crossbars 12 of the foldable bracket 10, and two guide wheels 21 are mounted on the inner side wall of the upper end of the housing 21. a; The scale 22 and the angle disc 23 are fixed inside the housing 21, and are located below the two guide wheels 21a respectively; one end of the pull rope 24 is connected to the gravity slider 22b inside the scale 22, and the other end is wound around the two guide wheels 21a and passes downward through the offset groove 21b at the bottom of the housing 21 to connect with the fixed plate 25; a marker 26 extends horizontally on the side wall of the fixed plate 25 near the foldable bracket 10; a rangefinder 21c corresponding to the marker 26 is mounted at the bottom of the housing 21. A cover plate is rotatably connected to the housing 21; a viewing window corresponding to the scale 22 and the angle disc 23 is opened on the cover plate. An offset groove 21b is opened along the length direction at the bottom of the housing 21, and the pull rope 24 can move within the offset groove 21b. The rangefinder 21c can be an infrared rangefinder 21c, a laser rangefinder 21c, etc., and the rangefinder 21c can send the measurement data to a controller (not shown in the figure) for analysis and processing through a built-in data transmission module.

[0033] Because it is equipped with a foldable bracket 10 and a measuring mechanism 20, and the measuring mechanism 20 is equipped with a housing 21, a scale 22, an angle disc 23, a pull rope 24 and a fixing plate 25, two guide wheels 21a are mounted on the upper inner side wall of the housing 21, and a marker 26 extends horizontally on the side wall of the fixing plate 25 near the foldable bracket 10; a rangefinder 21c corresponding to the marker 26 is mounted on the bottom of the housing 21. Through the coordinated use of the above components, the deformation measurement of the foundation pit 30 can be realized through the measuring mechanism 20. The operation is simple and convenient, no professional requirements are required for the inspection personnel, the operation is highly flexible, the inspection difficulty is effectively reduced, and the measurement efficiency is improved. Moreover, the foldable bracket 10 can be used to facilitate the storage and transportation of the subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measurement device, reducing the space occupation in the non-measurement state.

[0034] Specifically, by setting up the foldable bracket 10, not only can it provide an installation carrier for the four measuring mechanisms 20, enabling synchronous monitoring and deployment at different points in the foundation pit 30, but it can also allow the subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measuring device to be folded and stored when not measuring, reducing space occupation and facilitating transportation. By detachably connecting the measuring mechanism 20 to the foldable bracket 10, the measuring mechanism 20 can be individually disassembled and assembled, facilitating maintenance or replacement of damaged measuring mechanisms 20. By assembling two guide wheels 21a on the inner sidewall of the upper end of the housing 21, and connecting one end of the pull rope 24 to the gravity slider 22b inside the scale 22, and the other end vertically downward through the offset groove 21b at the bottom of the housing 21 to connect to the fixing plate 25, the fixing plate 25 is fixed at the upper edge of the sidewall of the pit 30 and perpendicular to the sidewall of the pit 30. When the pit 30 settles, the fixing plate 25 drives the pull rope 24 to move, and the gravity slider 22b slides on the scale 22. The inspection personnel can intuitively read the displacement value of the gravity slider 22b through the scale 22. By fixing an angle plate 23 inside the housing 21 and placing a pull rope 24 on one side of the outer surface of the angle plate 23, when the pit 30 undergoes horizontal deformation causing the pull rope 24 to deflect, the pull rope 24 forms a corresponding angle with the angle plate 23. Inspectors can visually read the deflection angle of the pull rope 24. Simultaneously, by combining the displacement value of the gravity slider 22b and the height value measured by the rangefinder 21c, the horizontal displacement or settlement value of the pit 30 can be calculated. By horizontally extending a marker 26 from the side wall of the fixed plate 25 near the foldable bracket 10, and with a rangefinder 21c corresponding to the marker 26 mounted at the bottom of the housing 21, when the pit 30 undergoes both horizontal deformation and settlement, the fixed plate 25 can move the marker 26 synchronously. The height value between the marker 26 and the rangefinder 21c is measured, and this is combined with the deflection angle of the pull rope 24 and the displacement value of the gravity slider 22b to calculate the horizontal displacement value of the pit 30.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, a limiting ring 27 is fixed to the upper end of the scale 22 and the angle disc 23, respectively, and the limiting ring 27 is sleeved on the outside of the pull rope 24. By setting the limiting ring 27, the stability of the pull rope 24 can be improved, effectively preventing the pull rope 24 from detaching from the guide wheel 21a, so that the measuring mechanism 20 can operate normally, and ensuring that the pull rope 24 can smoothly drive the gravity slider 22b to slide when the foundation pit 30 deforms, so that the inspection personnel can accurately read the displacement value of the gravity slider 22b.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the scale 22 includes a scale body 22a and a gravity slider 22b. A groove 22c is formed along the length of the interior of the scale body 22a, and the groove 22c has a convex cross-section. A receiving groove 22d communicating with the groove 22c is formed along the length of the sidewall of the scale body 22a opposite to the housing 21. The gravity slider 22b is slidably disposed within the groove 22c and is adapted to the groove 22c. A pointer 22e is fixed on the outer sidewall of the gravity slider 22b, and the pointer 22e is located within the receiving groove 22d. Through the cooperative use of the groove 22c and the gravity slider 22b, the wobbling of the gravity slider 22b during sliding can be effectively prevented, ensuring that the pointer 22e can stably point to the corresponding scale within the receiving groove 22d, so that the inspector can accurately read the displacement value of the gravity slider 22b.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, a displacement sensor 28 is provided at the bottom of the gravity slider 22b. An inclination sensor 29 is mounted on the outer surface of the pull rope 24 on one side of the angle disk 23. By setting the displacement sensor 28 and the inclination sensor 29, the displacement value of the gravity slider 22b and the deflection angle of the pull rope 24 can be monitored in real time. The displacement sensor 28 and the inclination sensor 29 each have a built-in data transmission module, which can send the real-time monitoring results to the controller. The controller can then combine the height value monitored by the rangefinder 21c to quickly calculate the horizontal displacement or settlement value of the foundation pit 30, thereby improving the measurement efficiency of the deformation of the foundation pit 30.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the foldable support 10 comprises a column 11, four crossbars 12, and a hinge sleeve 13; a first limiting plate 11a is fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the column 11 near its upper end; the four crossbars 12 are hinged at equal intervals to the upper outer peripheral wall of the column 11; the hinge sleeve 13 is slidably sleeved outside the column 11 and located above the first limiting plate 11a; a diagonal brace 14 is hinged between the bottom of each crossbar 12 and the hinge sleeve 13, and a clamping assembly 15 for fixing the measuring mechanism 20 is detachably connected to the free end of each crossbar 12. The height of the column 11 can be adjusted according to the depth of the pit 30. Hinge seats for hinged connection with the diagonal brace 14 are respectively provided on the bottom of the crossbars 12 and the side wall of the hinge sleeve 13.

[0039] Because the foldable bracket 10 is equipped with a column 11, four crossbars 12 and a hinge sleeve 13, and a first limiting plate 11a is fixed on the outer peripheral wall of the column 11 near the upper end, and a diagonal brace 14 is hinged between the bottom of each crossbar 12 and the hinge sleeve 13, and a clamping assembly 15 is detachably connected to the free end of each crossbar 12, the foldable bracket 10 can be unfolded or closed by sliding the hinge sleeve 13 along the upper outer surface of the column 11 to drive the diagonal brace 14 to pull or push the crossbar 12 to rotate around the hinge point with the column 11. The operation is simple and convenient, which greatly improves the disassembly and assembly efficiency of the subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measurement device. Moreover, after the foldable bracket 10 is unfolded, the first limiting plate 11a provides stable support for the hinge sleeve 13 to ensure that the crossbar 12 can remain horizontal.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the clamping assembly 15 includes a T-shaped connecting seat 15A and two mutually symmetrical Z-shaped clamping plates 15B. One end of each Z-shaped plate is hinged to the upper sides of the T-shaped connecting seat 15A, and the other ends are detachably connected by fastening bolts (not shown in the figure). The upper end of the housing 21 is fixed to the lower end of the T-shaped connecting seat 15A. Through the cooperation between the T-shaped connecting seat 15A and the two Z-shaped clamping plates 15B, the two Z-shaped clamping plates 15B can rotate around the hinge point with the T-shaped connecting seat 15A in a direction that moves closer to or further away from each other, so as to clamp the measuring mechanism 20 onto the crossbar 12 or to detach the measuring mechanism 20 from the crossbar 12, making the operation simple and convenient.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the foldable bracket 10 further includes a pressure plate 16, a throttle 17, and an adjusting bolt 18 for limiting the rotation of the crossbar 12; the pressure plate 16 is located below the throttle 17; the upper end of the adjusting bolt 18 is connected to the bottom of the throttle 17, and the lower end of the adjusting bolt 18 moves through the pressure plate 16 and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole at the upper end of the column 11.

[0042] Because the foldable bracket 10 is equipped with a pressure plate 16, a handle 17, and an adjusting bolt 18, the cooperation between these components can effectively improve the stability of the crossbar 12 during measurement using the deformation measuring device for the subway foundation pit, preventing the crossbar 12 from rotating and affecting the measurement results. Specifically, when the foldable bracket 10 is unfolded, the adjusting bolt 18 is loosened by turning the handle 17, the pressure plate 16 is rotated, and the protrusions at the four corners of the pressure plate 16 are rotated above the hinge seat of the hinge sleeve 13. Then, the adjusting bolt 18 is tightened by turning the handle 17 to lock and fix the pressure plate 16, thereby limiting and fixing the crossbar 12.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the free end of the crossbar 12 is provided with two second limiting plates 12a spaced apart from each other along the length direction, and the clamping assembly 15 is clamped between the two second limiting plates 12a.

[0044] Since the free end of the crossbar 12 is provided with two mutually spaced second limiting plates 12a along the length direction, a mounting groove for mounting the clamping assembly 15 is formed between the two second limiting plates 12a. This can effectively prevent the clamping assembly 15 from shifting during the monitoring process, improve the stability of the measuring mechanism 20, ensure that the measuring mechanism 20 can be used normally, and improve the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0045] The working principle of a subway foundation pit deformation measuring device provided in this application embodiment is as follows:

[0046] In use, first install and fix the column 11 of the foldable bracket 10 to the bottom of the pit 30. Expand the crossbar 12 until the lower end of the hinge seat abuts against the upper end of the first limiting plate 11a. Loosen the adjusting bolt 18 by turning the handle 17, and at the same time rotate the pressure plate 16 until the protrusions at the four corners of the pressure plate 16 rotate above the hinge seat of the hinge sleeve 13. Then tighten the adjusting bolt 18 to lock and fix the pressure plate 16. After fixing the measuring mechanism 20 to the crossbar 12 by the clamping assembly 15, fix the fixing plate 25 to the upper edge of the side wall of the pit 30 and perpendicular to the side wall of the pit 30. Fix the end of the pull rope 24 to the fixing plate 25 and pre-tighten the pull rope 24 so that the pull rope 24 is in a vertically taut state. Record the initial displacement value of the gravity slider 22b and the initial height value between the rangefinder 21c and the marker 26.

[0047] When the foundation pit 30 only undergoes horizontal deformation, the rope 24 deflects at an angle greater than zero. The fixed plate 25 drives the marker 26 to move horizontally. The height between the rangefinder 21c and the marker 26 remains unchanged. The horizontal displacement of the foundation pit 30 can be calculated using the tangent formula.

[0048] When the foundation pit 30 only settles, the rope 24 does not deflect and the deflection angle is zero. The fixed plate 25 drives the marker 26 to move down, and the distance between the rangefinder 21c and the marker 26 increases. The settlement value of the foundation pit 30 is equal to the displacement value of the gravity slider 22b and equal to the increase in height between the rangefinder 21c and the marker 26.

[0049] When the foundation pit 30 undergoes both horizontal deformation and settlement, the rope 24 deflects at an angle greater than zero. The fixed plate 25 moves the marker 26 downwards while simultaneously moving horizontally. The increase in height between the distance measuring instrument 21c and the marker 26 is the settlement value of the foundation pit 30. The horizontal displacement value of the foundation pit 30 can be calculated using the tangent formula.

[0050] It is understood that this utility model has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Furthermore, under the teachings of this utility model, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for measuring deformation of subway foundation pits, characterized in that, The system includes a foldable support (10) and four measuring mechanisms (20); the four measuring mechanisms (20) are detachably connected to the bottom of the four crossbars (12) of the foldable support (10); each measuring mechanism (20) includes a housing (21), a scale (22), an angle disc (23), a pull rope (24), and a fixing plate (25); the upper end of the housing (21) is fixed to the bottom of the crossbars (12) of the foldable support (10), and two guide wheels (21a) are mounted on the inner sidewall of the upper end of the housing (21); the scale (22) and the angle disc (23) They are respectively fixed inside the housing (21), and are located below the two guide wheels (21a); ​​one end of the pull rope (24) is connected to the gravity slider (22b) inside the scale (22), and the other end is wrapped around the two guide wheels (21a) and passes down through the offset groove (21b) at the bottom of the housing (21) to connect with the fixing plate (25); a marker (26) extends horizontally on the side wall of the fixing plate (25) near the foldable bracket (10); a rangefinder (21c) corresponding to the marker (26) is installed at the bottom of the housing (21).

2. The subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper ends of the scale (22) and the angle plate (23) are respectively fixed with a limiting ring (27), and the limiting ring (27) is sleeved on the outside of the pull rope (24).

3. The subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scale (22) includes a scale body (22a) and a gravity slider (22b); a groove (22c) is formed inside the scale body (22a) along the length direction, and the cross-section of the groove (22c) is convex; a receiving groove (22d) communicating with the groove (22c) is formed on the side wall of the scale body (22a) away from the shell (21) along the length direction; the gravity slider (22b) is slidably disposed in the groove (22c) and adapted to the groove (22c); a pointer (22e) is fixed on the outer side wall of the gravity slider (22b); the pointer (22e) is located in the receiving groove (22d).

4. The subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A displacement sensor (28) is provided at the bottom of the gravity slider (22b).

5. The subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An inclination sensor (29) is mounted on the outer surface of the pull rope (24) on one side of the angle disk (23).

6. The subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The foldable bracket (10) includes a column (11), four crossbars (12) and a hinge sleeve (13); a first limiting plate (11a) is fixed on the outer peripheral wall of the column (11) near the upper end; the four crossbars (12) are hinged at equal intervals to the outer peripheral wall of the upper end of the column (11); the hinge sleeve (13) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the column (11) and located above the first limiting plate (11a); a diagonal brace (14) is hinged between the bottom of each crossbar (12) and the hinge sleeve (13), and a clamping assembly (15) for fixing the measuring mechanism (20) is detachably connected to the free end of each crossbar (12).

7. The subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The clamping assembly (15) includes a T-shaped connecting seat (15A) and two mutually symmetrical Z-shaped clamping plates (15B); one end of each of the two Z-shaped plates is respectively hinged to the upper two sides of the T-shaped connecting seat (15A), and the other ends of the two plates are detachably connected by fastening bolts; the upper end of the housing (21) is fixed to the lower end of the T-shaped connecting seat (15A).

8. The subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The foldable bracket (10) also includes a pressure plate (16), a throttle (17), and an adjusting bolt (18) for limiting the rotation of the crossbar (12); the pressure plate (16) is located below the throttle (17); the upper end of the adjusting bolt (18) is connected to the bottom of the throttle (17), and the lower end of the adjusting bolt (18) moves through the pressure plate (16) and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole at the upper end of the column (11).

9. The subway civil engineering foundation pit deformation measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The free end of the crossbar (12) is provided with two second limiting plates (12a) spaced apart from each other along the length direction, and the clamping assembly (15) is clamped between the two second limiting plates (12a).

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