River bank protection against scour in water level fluctuation zone

Abstract

This utility model discloses a riverbank protection method for riverbanks in areas with fluctuating water levels, relating to the field of river ecological protection technology. The utility model includes a riverbank soil slope with an inclined surface. On the inclined surface, a gabion retaining layer, a soil-covered and grass-planted greening layer, and a three-dimensional vegetation net layer are sequentially arranged. This utility model utilizes a composite structure of "gabion retaining layer + soil-covered and grass-planted greening layer + three-dimensional vegetation net layer." The gabion retaining layer serves as the bottom layer of protection, using galvanized steel wire mesh and stones to form a rigid protective foundation, possessing both flood erosion resistance and permeability, effectively resisting the impact of floods in areas with fluctuating water levels. The middle layer of soil-covered and grass-planted greening provides conditions for plant growth, and the surface three-dimensional vegetation net layer effectively protects the middle layer of planted soil, preventing soil erosion caused by floods, ensuring continuous plant growth, and achieving effective slope protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of river ecological protection technology, and in particular to a riverbank protection method for erosion control in areas with fluctuating water levels. Background Technology

[0002] In river management projects, slopes in areas with fluctuating water levels are prone to soil erosion and collapse due to periodic rises and falls, posing a serious threat to the river's ecological environment and flood control safety. Traditional hard slope protection (such as masonry and concrete retaining walls) has a certain ability to resist erosion and stabilize slopes, but these slope protection structures have poor permeability and low ecological compatibility, making it difficult to meet the needs of slope ecological function restoration. Traditional flexible slope protection (such as gabion slope protection) has a certain ecological value after being covered with soil, but the soil is easily eroded by floods in areas with fluctuating water levels, failing to provide suitable conditions for the growth of covered vegetation, resulting in a single ecosystem in the slope area and poor coordination with the surrounding natural environment. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a solution to the issues of traditional hard slope protection lacking ecological function, being unable to adapt to complex environments in areas with fluctuating water levels, and being prone to soil erosion and poor ecological coordination.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A type of riverbank protection for erosion control in areas with fluctuating water levels includes a riverbank soil slope with an inclined slope surface. On the inclined slope surface, there are sequentially arranged gabion retaining layers, soil covering and grass planting layers, and a three-dimensional vegetation net layer.

[0005] The slope of the inclined slope, the gabion retaining layer, the soil-covered and grass-planted greening layer, and the three-dimensional vegetation net layer are all 1:2.

[0006] The gabion slope protection layer includes a cage-like structure made of wire mesh and several stones evenly placed inside it.

[0007] The thickness of the gabion slope protection layer is 250mm-350mm, and the thickness of the soil-covered and grass-planted greening layer is 150mm-250mm.

[0008] The surface of the wire mesh is coated with a galvanized layer.

[0009] The top surface of the riverbank is also equipped with a buffer section, one end of which connects to the slope protection of the sloping side.

[0010] The bottom width of the buffer section is 400mm-600mm.

[0011] The structure of the buffer section from bottom to top is the same as that of the sloping slope from bottom to top, and the height is consistent.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This utility model utilizes a composite structure of "gabion stone cage slope protection layer + soil covering and grass planting greening layer + three-dimensional vegetation net layer". The gabion stone cage slope protection layer serves as the bottom layer of protection, using galvanized steel wire mesh cages and stones to form a rigid protective foundation, which has both flood erosion resistance and water permeability functions, and can effectively resist the impact of floods in areas with fluctuating water levels; the middle layer of soil covering and grass planting greening layer provides conditions for plant growth, and the surface three-dimensional vegetation net layer can effectively protect the middle layer of planting soil, prevent the soil from being washed away by floods, ensure the continuous growth of plants, and achieve a long-term balance between slope protection and ecological protection. 2. The slope of each layer of the structure is uniform, and the addition of the buffer section further enhances the stability of the overall structure. It can adapt to the complex environment of periodic water level rise and fall and rainwater erosion in the water level fluctuation zone, effectively prevent soil erosion and collapse of the slope, and extend the service life of the slope protection. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0014] In the diagram, 1. Soil bank of the river; 2. Inclined slope; 3. Gabion retaining wall; 4. Soil-covered and grass-planted greening layer; 5. Three-dimensional vegetation net layer; 6. Buffer section. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of this utility model.

[0016] A type of riverbank protection for fluctuating water levels includes a riverbank soil slope 1 with an inclined slope surface 2. On the inclined slope surface 2, a gabion retaining layer 3, a soil-covered and grass-planted greening layer 4, and a three-dimensional vegetation net layer 5 are sequentially arranged. The gabion retaining layer 3, as the bottom layer, directly resists water erosion. The soil-covered and grass-planted greening layer 4 provides a foundation for plant growth. The three-dimensional vegetation net layer 5 covers the surface. This three-layer structure forms a progressive "protection-planting-protection" system, effectively solving the problem that traditional hard slope protection cannot provide a suitable environment for plant growth. It also avoids the shortcomings of existing ecological slope protection systems that only have a single planting layer, making them susceptible to erosion. This provides a fundamental guarantee for slope protection and plant growth.

[0017] The slope of the inclined slope 2, the gabion retaining layer 3, the soil covering and grass planting greening layer 4, and the three-dimensional vegetation net layer 5 are all 1:2.

[0018] The inclined slope 2, gabion slope protection layer 3, soil covering and grass planting greening layer 4 and three-dimensional vegetation net layer 5 were set to three slope conditions of 1:1.5, 1:2 and 1:2.5 respectively. System tests were carried out under the premise of uniform control of water flow conditions, soil parameters and vegetation configuration.

[0019] The results showed that when the slope ratio was 1:1.5, the shear stress of the water flow on the slope increased significantly, leading to the development of local scour gullies. The root system of the vegetation was damaged by water erosion at a rate of 18%. At a slope ratio of 1:2.5, although the scouring intensity decreased, the gentle slope resulted in a decline in the soil's creep resistance. Monitoring data showed that the probability of the slope protection structure displacement exceeding the safety threshold was 12%. At a slope ratio of 1:2, the surface runoff velocity decreased by 32% compared to the 1:1.5 condition, the vegetation survival rate increased to 95%, and the displacement of the gabion structure remained within a safe and controllable range. This approach reduces the shear force of the water flow on the slope, minimizes the risk of scour, and ensures both the ease of construction of each layer of the structure and the adaptability of plant growth.

[0020] The gabion slope protection layer 3 includes a cage-like structure made of wire mesh and several stones evenly placed inside it. The cage-like structure is woven into a frame with a certain spatial structure by wire mesh. The stones are filled inside the frame and are evenly distributed in the cage-like structure to ensure that the impact resistance of the cage-like structure is consistent throughout, and to avoid local weak protection due to uneven distribution of stones.

[0021] The gabion slope protection layer 3 has a thickness of 250mm-350mm, and the soil-covered and grass-planted greening layer 4 has a thickness of 150mm-250mm. The gabion slope protection layer 3 can effectively resist the impact of floods and prevent the slope from being eroded and damaged. The thickness of the soil-covered and grass-planted greening layer 4 is set at 150mm-250mm, which can provide sufficient space for plant roots to extend, ensuring that the roots can penetrate deep into the soil to stabilize the soil, and can also store enough nutrients to meet the needs of plant growth, providing good conditions for plant survival and growth.

[0022] The surface of the wire mesh is coated with a galvanized layer. This galvanized layer is applied to the surface of the wire mesh through an electroplating process, forming a uniform and dense protective layer. This protective layer isolates the wire mesh from oxygen, moisture, and corrosive substances in the river, preventing oxidation and corrosion, extending its service life, and ensuring that the gabion slope protection layer 3 maintains a stable structural form and protective performance over the long term.

[0023] The top surface of the riverbank slope 1 is also provided with a buffer section 6, one end of which is connected to the slope protection of the inclined slope 2.

[0024] The bottom width of the buffer section 6 is 400mm-600mm, and the top is the same width as the bottom. This width range ensures that the buffer section 6 has sufficient area to receive rainwater flowing down from the land, slows down the flow rate of rainwater through its own structure, disperses the impact force of rainwater, and prevents rainwater from directly impacting the top of the sloping slope 2, thus preventing soil erosion.

[0025] The structure of the buffer section 6 from bottom to top is the same as that of the inclined slope 2 from bottom to top and has the same height, so as to achieve seamless connection between the slope protection structure and the terrestrial ecological environment.

[0026] When the river level rises and falls, creating a water flow impact, the three-dimensional vegetation net layer 5 is acted upon first. The three-dimensional vegetation net layer 5 can disperse the water flow impact force and prevent the soil-covered grass greening layer 4 below it from being directly washed away by the water flow. If the water flow impact force is large, the gabion slope protection layer 3 will further resist the water flow impact. The stones directly block the water flow, and the cage structure fixes the position of the stones to prevent them from shifting. At the same time, the gaps between the stones allow water to pass through, preventing the slope surface water from softening the riverbank soil 1. When rainwater flows down from the land, the buffer section 6 will first receive the rainwater. Through its own gabion slope protection layer 3, soil-covered grass greening layer 4, and three-dimensional vegetation net layer 5, the rainwater flow rate is slowed down and the rainwater impact force is dispersed. Then, the rainwater is smoothly guided into the slope protection of the inclined slope 2 to prevent the rainwater from directly impacting the top of the inclined slope 2 and causing soil erosion.

[0027] By constructing a composite system of "engineering measures + vegetation measures", the dual goals of slope stability protection and ecological restoration are achieved. Unlike traditional pure hard slope protection (such as masonry, concrete retaining walls, etc.), it pays more attention to the restoration of the ecological function of the slope. While preventing soil erosion and stabilizing the slope and preventing slippage, it constructs an ecosystem that is in harmony with the surrounding environment. It is suitable for slope protection projects in rivers with various water level fluctuations.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A type of erosion protection slope for river channels in areas with fluctuating water levels, characterized in that, The riverbank (1) includes a soil slope (2), which is provided with an inclined slope (2). On the inclined slope (2), there are gabion stone cage slope protection layer (3), soil covering and grass planting greening layer (4) and three-dimensional vegetation net layer (5).

2. The erosion protection slope for river channels in areas with fluctuating water levels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slope of the inclined slope (2), the gabion retaining layer (3), the soil covering and grass planting greening layer (4) and the three-dimensional vegetation net layer (5) are all 1:

2.

3. The erosion protection slope for river channels in areas of fluctuating water levels according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gabion slope protection layer (3) includes a cage-like structure made of wire mesh and several stones evenly placed inside it.

4. A method for erosion protection of riverbanks in areas with fluctuating water levels, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that... The thickness of the gabion slope protection layer (3) is 250mm-350mm, and the thickness of the soil covering and grass planting greening layer (4) is 150mm-250mm.

5. A method for erosion protection of riverbanks in areas with fluctuating water levels, as described in claim 4, characterized in that... The surface of the wire mesh is coated with a galvanized layer.

6. A method for erosion protection of riverbanks in areas with fluctuating water levels, as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The top surface of the riverbed soil bank slope (1) is also provided with a buffer section (6), one end of which is connected to the slope protection of the inclined slope (2).

7. A method for erosion protection of riverbanks in areas with fluctuating water levels, as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom width of the buffer section (6) is 400mm-600mm.

8. A method for erosion protection of riverbanks in areas with fluctuating water levels, as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The structure of the buffer section (6) from bottom to top is the same as that of the inclined slope (2) from bottom to top and the height is consistent.

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