An azimuth sensor based on mechanical contact

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of azimuth sensor based on mechanical contact, belong to sensor technical field.The azimuth sensor includes shell and the shaft lever and swing lever installed to shell, the shaft lever, swing lever all with shell constitute sliding connection, the swing lever is hinged with shaft lever by swing lever pivot;One end of the swing lever in shell is equipped with first contact head, the shaft lever is equipped with the arc conductor of first contact head sliding contact;The shaft lever is also equipped with second contact head, the shell is equipped with the strip conductor of second contact head sliding contact, the extension direction of the strip conductor is identical with the axial direction of shaft lever.The whole sensor structure is compact and reasonable, without complex electronic components, with the advantages of low cost, high sensitivity, effectively realize the accurate, stable detection of azimuth information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of sensor technology, specifically to a position sensor based on mechanical contact. Background Technology

[0002] In fields such as industrial automation and robotics, it is often necessary to detect changes in the orientation or displacement of one object relative to another. Existing non-contact displacement sensors, such as photoelectric sensors, laser sensors, and magnetic encoders, while offering high accuracy, suffer from high system complexity and high manufacturing costs, limiting their widespread application. On the other hand, some simple mechanical contact sensors often have limited functionality, typically only detecting displacement in a single linear direction. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model proposes a position sensor based on mechanical contact.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows: A mechanical contact-based orientation sensor includes a housing and a shaft and a swing arm mounted on the housing. The shaft and the swing arm are slidably connected to the housing, and the swing arm is hinged to the shaft via a swing arm pivot. A first contact head is provided at one end of the swing arm inside the housing, and an arc-shaped conductor is provided on the shaft for sliding contact with the first contact head. The shaft also has a second contact head, and a strip conductor is provided inside the housing for sliding contact with the second contact head. The extension direction of the strip conductor is consistent with the axial direction of the shaft.

[0005] Preferably, the center of the arc-shaped conductor coincides with the axis of the pendulum's rotation, ensuring that during the pendulum's swing, the change in distance from the contact point between the first contact head and the arc-shaped conductor to both ends of the arc-shaped conductor is linearly proportional to the swing angle of the pendulum.

[0006] Preferably, the first contact head, the second contact head, the arc-shaped conductor, and the strip conductor are all conductive; the two ends of the first contact head, the second contact head, the arc-shaped conductor, and the strip conductor are respectively connected to an external detection circuit via wires; the first contact head and the arc-shaped conductor, and the second contact head and the strip conductor respectively form two resistance detection circuits. By measuring the change in resistance caused by the first and second contact heads sliding on the arc-shaped conductor and the strip conductor, the swing angle of the pendulum and the displacement of the shaft can be accurately calculated.

[0007] Preferably, the shaft is provided with a limiting structure, and a first shaft spring and a second shaft spring are respectively provided on both sides of the limiting structure. The first shaft spring and the second shaft spring are both sleeved on the outside of the shaft, so that after the shaft moves axially under the action of external force, it can automatically return to the initial equilibrium position under the action of spring restoring force.

[0008] Preferably, the limiting structure is a crossbar fixed perpendicularly to the shaft, which is simple and reliable, and provides a stable contact surface for the shaft springs on both sides.

[0009] Preferably, the housing is provided with an internal sliding groove, and the side of the swing arm is provided with an oblong hole. A sliding rod is installed in the oblong hole, and both ends of the sliding rod are located in the internal sliding groove. The sliding groove can convert the axial displacement of the swing arm into the displacement of the shaft, thereby guiding and restricting the movement of the shaft and ensuring that displacement can only occur in a predetermined direction.

[0010] Preferably, the sliding rod is provided with a first limiting boss and a second limiting boss at both ends. A first swing rod spring is provided between the first limiting boss and one side of the swing rod, and a second swing rod spring is provided between the second limiting boss and the other side of the swing rod. The first swing rod spring and the second swing rod spring provide symmetrical elastic restoring force for the swing rod. When the swing rod is swung by an external force, it can automatically return to the initial state perpendicular to the shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the sliding contact surface between the first contact head and the arc-shaped conductor is provided with a groove, which guides the movement of the first contact head and increases the contact area with the first contact head.

[0012] Preferably, the end of the pendulum extending outside the housing is provided with a roller. The roller contacts the object to be measured, which transforms the sliding friction between the pendulum and the object to be measured into rolling friction. This reduces motion resistance and allows for more sensitive tracking of the positional changes of the object to be measured.

[0013] This invention, through the aforementioned mechanical structure, decomposes the composite displacement of the object under test in two dimensions into independent axial linear displacement and radial oscillation angle, which are then converted into resistance changes and output as electrical signals via corresponding conductor sliding. The entire sensor structure is compact and reasonable, requiring no complex electronic components, and has the advantages of low cost and high sensitivity, effectively achieving accurate and stable detection of orientation information. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a mechanical contact-based orientation sensor according to this utility model. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a mechanical contact-based orientation sensor according to this utility model. Figure 3 This is a side view of the internal structure of a mechanical contact-based orientation sensor according to this utility model.

[0015] Figure label: 1-Housing, 2-Swing rod, 201-First contact head, 3-First swing rod spring, 4-Second swing rod spring, 5-Shaft, 501-Swing rod pivot, 502-Horizontal bar, 503-Second contact head, 6-First shaft spring, 7-Second shaft spring, 8-Strip conductor, 9-Arc conductor, 10-Sliding rod, 11-Roller. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by this utility model in order to achieve the intended utility model purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structure, features and effects of this utility model is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0017] In automated welding systems performing circumferential welding, to ensure high-precision welding quality, it is necessary to detect the alignment deviation between the welding torch and the weld seam in real time. Specifically, in actual working conditions, the weld seam has slight irregular deviations. The welding torch needs to be able to sense these slight deviations and the vertical movement caused by uneven weld surface, and make dynamic adjustments accordingly to ensure that the welding torch is always accurately aligned with the weld seam.

[0018] This embodiment provides a position sensor based on mechanical contact, such as... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the device includes a housing 1 and a shaft 5 passing through the housing 1. The shaft 5 can move up and down along its length within the housing 1 and can automatically return to its original position. A rocker arm pivot 501 is provided at the end of the shaft 5, and a rocker arm 2 is hinged to the rocker arm pivot 501. The rocker arm 2 can automatically return to its original position and be horizontal with the shaft 5.

[0019] A portion of the pendulum 2 is located outside the housing 1, and another portion is located inside the housing 1. The end of the pendulum 2 located outside the housing is equipped with a roller 11 for contacting the object to be detected. In the case of ring welding, the roller 11 travels within the weld seam, sensing changes in the weld surface in multiple directions. The end of the pendulum 2 located inside the housing is equipped with a first contact head 201 facing the shaft 5. The first contact head 201 is a metal conductor and is connected to an external detection circuit (not shown in the figure) via a wire. An arc-shaped conductor 9, fixed to the shaft 5, is located between the shaft 5 and the pendulum 2. The center of the arc coincides with the axis of the pendulum's rotating shaft 501. The arc-shaped conductor 9 is also a metal conductor, conducting electricity in contact with the first contact head 201. Both ends of the arc-shaped conductor 9 are connected to the detection circuit via wires. In a preferred embodiment, the arc-shaped conductor 9 has a groove along its length, and the first contact head 201 slides in the groove. The groove can be a through groove or a groove with a cross-section that conforms to the shape of the first contact head. In another embodiment, the arc-shaped conductor 9 does not have a groove, and it conducts electricity through contact with the first contact head 201 via a smooth surface and can slide along its length.

[0020] A strip conductor 8 is also fixed inside the housing 1. The strip conductor 8 is parallel to the direction of the shaft 5, and each end is connected to the detection circuit through a wire. A second contact head 503 is provided in the middle of the shaft 5 facing the strip conductor 8. The second contact head 503 is a metal conductor and is connected to the detection circuit through a wire. The second contact head 503 makes contact with the strip conductor 8 and conducts electricity, and can slide along its length.

[0021] A limiting block is provided in the middle of the shaft 5. In one specific embodiment, the limiting block is a horizontal bar 502, which is perpendicular to the shaft 5. A first shaft spring 6 and a second shaft spring 7 are provided on both sides of the limiting block, both of which are sleeved on the outside of the shaft 5. One end of the spring abuts against the limiting block, and the other end abuts against the inner surface of the housing. Under the action of the first shaft spring 6 and the second shaft spring 7, the shaft 5 achieves automatic return to its original position in the length direction.

[0022] The housing 1 has two opposing sliding grooves inside, the length direction of which is parallel to the length direction of the shaft 5. A waist-shaped hole is formed on the side of the rocker arm 2, and a sliding rod 10 is installed in the waist-shaped hole, with both ends of the sliding rod 10 located in the sliding groove of the housing. The sliding rod 10 has fitting structures at both ends, which are embedded in the sliding groove. From the end fitting structures inward, the body of the sliding rod 10 also has a limiting boss. A first rocker arm spring 3 and a second rocker arm spring 4 are fitted onto the sliding rod 10. One end of the first rocker arm spring 3 abuts against one side surface of the rocker arm 2, and the other end abuts against the limiting boss at one end of the sliding rod 10; one end of the second rocker arm spring 4 abuts against the other side surface of the rocker arm 2, and the other end abuts against the limiting boss at the other end of the sliding rod 10. The outer diameter of the limiting boss is larger than the diameter of the rocker arm spring, thereby limiting the spring. With the above structure, the rocker arm 2 can return to its initial horizontal state under the action of the spring after an angular deviation.

[0023] For ease of understanding, the two ends of the strip conductor 8 are designated as points A and B, and the two ends of the arc conductor 9 are designated as points C and D.

[0024] When roller 11 displaces along the length of shaft 5, the second contact head 503 slides on the surface of strip conductor 8, and the resistance R between point A and the second contact head 503... A The resistance R between point B and the second contact 503 B A change occurs, which is detected by the resistance R. A R B The change can be used to calculate the direction and magnitude of the displacement of roller 11 along the length of shaft 5.

[0025] When the roller 11 undergoes an angular change about the pivot axis 501, the first contact head 201 slides on the surface of the arc-shaped conductor 9, and the resistance R between point C and the first contact head 201... C The resistance R between point D and the first contact head 201 DA change occurs, which is detected by the resistance R. C R D The change can be used to calculate the angle, direction, and magnitude generated by roller 11.

[0026] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the scope of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A mechanical contact based orientation sensor, characterized in that, The device includes a housing and a shaft and a rocker arm mounted on the housing. The shaft and rocker arm are slidably connected to the housing. The rocker arm is hinged to the shaft via a rocker arm pivot. One end of the rocker arm located inside the housing is provided with a first contact head. The shaft is provided with an arc-shaped conductor that slides in contact with the first contact head. The shaft is also provided with a second contact head. The housing contains a strip conductor that slides in contact with the second contact head. The extension direction of the strip conductor is consistent with the axial direction of the shaft.

2. The orientation sensor of claim 1, wherein, The center of the arc-shaped conductor coincides with the axis of the pendulum's rotation.

3. The orientation sensor of claim 1, wherein, The first contact head, the second contact head, the arc-shaped conductor, and the strip conductor are all conductive; the two ends of the first contact head, the second contact head, the arc-shaped conductor, and the strip conductor are respectively connected to an external detection circuit via wires.

4. The orientation sensor of claim 1, wherein, The shaft is provided with a limiting structure, and a first shaft spring and a second shaft spring are respectively provided on both sides of the limiting structure. The first shaft spring and the second shaft spring are both sleeved on the outside of the shaft.

5. The orientation sensor of claim 4, wherein, The limiting structure is a horizontal bar that is fixed perpendicularly to the shaft.

6. The orientation sensor of claim 1, wherein, The housing has an internal sliding groove, and the side of the swing rod has an oblong hole. A sliding rod is installed in the oblong hole, and both ends of the sliding rod are located in the internal sliding groove.

7. The orientation sensor of claim 6, wherein, The sliding rod is provided with a first limiting boss and a second limiting boss at both ends. A first swing rod spring is provided between the first limiting boss and one side of the swing rod, and a second swing rod spring is provided between the second limiting boss and the other side of the swing rod.

8. The orientation sensor of claim 1, wherein, The sliding contact surface between the first contact head and the arc-shaped conductor is provided with a groove.

9. The orientation sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the swing arm that extends outside the housing is equipped with a roller, which contacts the object to be measured.

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