Shaft workpiece polishing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of axle workpiece polishing device, comprising: main body;The material box for storing abrasive is also provided in the main body interior;Limiting component is set in the top of main body, and can be used to fix the shaft to be processed;Polishing component is set in the back of main body top, and abrasive can be sprayed to the surface of the shaft to be processed for polishing the shaft to be processed;Material spraying component is set on main body and abrasive in material box can be sucked into polishing component and abrasive is sprayed to the surface of the shaft to be processed;Shaft rotating device is set in the top of main body, and the shaft to be processed can be rotated.The utility model is by the shaft to be processed vertically placed on rotating table, and clamped and fixed, by spraying abrasive on the shaft to be processed, by the rotation of the shaft to be processed, remove the burr on the shaft to be processed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of grinding and polishing technology, specifically to a grinding and polishing device for shaft workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of mechanical manufacturing, shafts are core transmission components, and their surface quality has a decisive impact on the operating accuracy, wear resistance, and service life of equipment. Currently, the grinding and polishing process of shafts mainly uses manual hand-held grinding tools or semi-automatic polishing equipment. Manual grinding relies on the operator's experience and skill, resulting in uneven grinding force and difficulty in accurately controlling surface roughness. This leads to inconsistent surface quality of shafts, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision equipment. Furthermore, manual operation is inefficient, labor-intensive, and poses safety hazards. To overcome the limitations of traditional manual grinding and polishing, mechanical polishing technology has gradually been applied.

[0003] Chinese invention patent application (publication number CN112008563A) discloses a polishing and grinding device for shaft workpieces, including a worktable, a drive fixture, and an auxiliary device. The auxiliary device includes a grinding device, comprising a rotary block, a rotary rod, sanding discs, and a sanding belt. The worktable has a collection box inside, and a power board and conductive plates are installed on the bottom surface, which work together to form an electrostatic field. By setting up sanding discs and a sanding belt, and connecting the two sanding discs with the sanding belt, the smoothness of the circumferential surface of the shaft workpiece can be polished during the grinding process. By setting up a rotary rod and a rotary block to rotate and cooperate with the sanding discs, corresponding polishing can be performed on different positions and angles of the shaft workpiece.

[0004] This existing technology, by connecting two abrasive blades with an abrasive belt, can polish the smoothness of the circumferential surface of the shaft workpiece during the grinding process. By setting a rotating rod and block to rotate in conjunction with the abrasive blades, it can perform corresponding grinding and polishing on different positions and angles of the shaft workpiece. However, the abrasive blades generate significant radial resistance during grinding. Due to the structural characteristics of the shaft workpiece itself, its radial strength is relatively limited, and this significant radial resistance easily causes deformation during processing. This deformation not only affects the dimensional accuracy of the shaft workpiece but also damages its surface quality, resulting in the processed shaft workpiece failing to meet design requirements or even becoming scrap, leading to a waste of raw materials and processing costs. Secondly, the abrasive blades or belts generate high temperatures during grinding. High temperatures cause a rapid increase in the local temperature of the shaft workpiece surface. When the temperature exceeds the material's critical value, it easily causes overheating of the workpiece surface. Overheating leads to changes in the surface microstructure of the workpiece, reducing hardness and strength, severely affecting the performance of the shaft workpiece. Furthermore, in existing grinding and polishing devices, the shaft to be processed is usually placed horizontally on the worktable and fixed by a clamping structure. This placement method has significant drawbacks during the polishing process. Under its own weight, the shaft workpiece will undergo a certain degree of bending deformation. During the grinding process, the grinding force will further exacerbate the bending of the shaft workpiece. The bending of the shaft workpiece will lead to uneven distribution of grinding force, resulting in inconsistent surface quality of the shaft workpiece after grinding and polishing, and defects such as wavy shape and taper, which seriously affect the accuracy and surface quality of the shaft workpiece. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a polishing and grinding device for shaft-type workpieces. The device removes burrs from the shaft by vertically placing it on a rotating table and clamping it in place, spraying abrasive onto the shaft, and rotating the shaft.

[0006] To address the problems of existing technologies, this utility model provides a shaft workpiece grinding and polishing device, comprising: a main body; a material box for storing abrasive is also provided inside the main body; a limiting component is disposed above the main body and can be used to fix the shaft to be processed; a grinding component is disposed on the back of the top of the main body and can spray abrasive onto the surface of the shaft to be processed for polishing; a spraying component is disposed on the main body and can draw abrasive from the material box into the grinding component and spray the abrasive onto the surface of the shaft to be processed; a shaft rotating device is disposed above the main body and can rotate the shaft to be processed; and a protective device can be used to rotate the shaft to be processed. The length direction of the processing shaft is distributed to prevent abrasive leakage to the external environment; the grinding assembly includes a lifting sleeve that can be sleeved on the outside of the shaft to be processed and can reciprocate along the axial direction of the shaft to be processed. The inner wall of the lifting sleeve is provided with several through holes for spraying abrasive onto the shaft to be processed. The shaft rotation device includes an abrasive storage cylinder located directly above the main body, and a shaft to be processed is rotatably arranged directly above the abrasive storage cylinder to support the shaft to be processed and to allow the shaft to be processed to rotate around its axis. The limiting assembly includes a limiting sleeve that can move up and down and can be sleeved on the top of the shaft to be processed, and the limiting sleeve can press against the top of the shaft to be processed.

[0007] Preferably, the grinding assembly further includes a second support plate disposed on the top of the main body, a second lead screw rotatably disposed along the length of the second support plate, and a second lifting member disposed on the second support plate and capable of reciprocating along the length of the second support plate. The second lifting member is connected to a lifting sleeve, and the interior of the lifting sleeve is hollow.

[0008] Preferably, the grinding assembly further includes a second rotary drive component fixed to the top of the second support plate and used to drive the second lead screw to rotate.

[0009] Preferably, the spraying assembly includes a spraying pump fixed to the top of the main body, the inlet end of the spraying pump is connected to a first connecting pipe, one end of the first connecting pipe is connected to a material box, and the outlet end of the spraying pump is connected to a second pipe, one end of the second pipe is connected to a lifting sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, the shaft rotation device further includes a rotary table, and support blocks are fixed on both sides of the top of the rotary table. A second threaded rod is rotatably provided on the support block, and a second clamping block capable of fixing the shaft to be processed is provided at one end of the second threaded rod.

[0011] Preferably, the shaft rotation device further includes a protective cylinder vertically disposed at the center of the abrasive storage cylinder, and a rotating shaft is connected to the bottom of the rotating table. The rotating shaft passes through the protective cylinder and is connected to a second gear. The shaft rotation device further includes a third rotating drive component disposed inside the main body. The output end of the third rotating drive component is connected to a first gear, and the first gear meshes with the second gear. The rotating table is frustum-shaped.

[0012] Preferably, the limiting component further includes a first lifting member capable of moving the limiting sleeve up and down, a support member is provided at the center of the top of the limiting sleeve, the top of the support member is disposed in the first lifting member, the limiting component further includes a pressure sensor disposed between the first lifting member and the support member for detecting the pressure when the limiting sleeve contacts the shaft to be processed, and a first threaded rod is rotatably disposed on the limiting sleeve, one end of the first threaded rod is connected to a first clamping block for clamping the shaft to be processed.

[0013] Preferably, the limiting component further includes a first support plate disposed above the main body, and the first support plate is rotatably provided with a first lead screw along its length direction. The first lead screw is threadedly connected to the first lifting member. The limiting component further includes a first rotary drive member disposed on the top of the first support plate and used to drive the first lead screw to rotate.

[0014] Preferably, the protective device includes a first bellows cover fitted outside the abrasive storage cylinder, with the top of the first bellows cover hung on the bottom of the lifting sleeve via a hook. The protective device also includes a second bellows cover installed on the top of the lifting sleeve, with the top of the second bellows cover hung on the bottom of the limiting sleeve via a hook.

[0015] The advantages of this utility model compared to the prior art are: In the shaft polishing scheme proposed in this application, to improve polishing quality and effectively avoid defects such as deformation and bending of the shaft workpiece during processing, the processing flow and device structure have been specifically designed. Specifically, the shaft to be processed is placed vertically on a rotary table. By driving the first lead screw to rotate, the first lifting component connected to it descends vertically. As the first lifting component moves downward, the limiting sleeve descends synchronously until it contacts the upper end of the shaft to be processed. During this process, a pressure sensor installed on the limiting sleeve monitors the contact force between the limiting sleeve and the shaft to be processed in real time. Once the contact force reaches a preset threshold, the rotation of the first lead screw is immediately stopped, thereby controlling the contact force between the limiting sleeve and the shaft to be processed, effectively preventing deformation of the shaft due to excessive contact force. After the limiting operation is completed, the spray pump is started. The spray pump draws abrasive from the material box into the lifting sleeve, and sprays the abrasive from the lifting sleeve at a certain pressure and speed, directly acting on the surface of the shaft to be processed. At the same time, the rotary table begins to rotate, driving the shaft to be processed to rotate synchronously. By combining the jetting action of abrasive with the rotational motion of the shaft to be processed, uniform and efficient polishing of the shaft workpiece surface is achieved. Compared with traditional polishing machines, the polishing method adopted in this application has significant advantages. In traditional polishing machines, the shaft to be processed is placed horizontally during processing, and under the combined action of its own gravity and grinding force, it is prone to bending, seriously affecting the polishing quality and the precision of the shaft workpiece. This application, however, effectively avoids the bending problem of the shaft workpiece by placing the shaft to be processed vertically, combined with the precise positioning of the limiting sleeve and the rotational drive of the rotary table, ensuring the stability and consistency of the polishing effect. Furthermore, to prevent abrasive leakage into the external environment during processing, causing environmental pollution and resource waste, this application incorporates a first and a second bellows cover in the device. The first and second bellows covers have good sealing and flexibility, effectively preventing abrasive leakage. At the same time, the structural design of the bellows covers allows them to adapt to various movements and deformations during the operation of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a shaft workpiece grinding and polishing device according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a second three-dimensional structural diagram of a shaft workpiece grinding and polishing device according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a third-dimensional structural diagram of a shaft workpiece grinding and polishing device according to this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a first three-dimensional structural diagram of the limiting component of a shaft workpiece grinding and polishing device according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a second three-dimensional structural diagram of the limiting component of a shaft workpiece grinding and polishing device according to this utility model.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the grinding component and the spraying component of a shaft workpiece grinding and polishing device according to this utility model.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the shaft rotation device of a shaft workpiece grinding and polishing device according to this utility model.

[0023] Figure 8 This is an exploded structural diagram of the shaft rotation device of a shaft workpiece grinding and polishing device according to this utility model.

[0024] The components in the diagram are labeled as follows: 1. Main body; 11. Material box; 2. Limiting assembly; 21. First support plate; 22. First lead screw; 23. First lifting component; 24. First rotary drive component; 25. Limiting sleeve; 251. Support component; 252. Pressure sensor; 26. First threaded rod; 261. First clamping block; 3. Grinding assembly; 31. Second support plate; 32. Second lead screw; 33. Second rotary drive component; 34. Second lifting component; 35. Lifting sleeve; 351. Through hole; 4. Spraying assembly; 41. Spraying pump; 42. First connecting pipe; 43. Second pipe; 5. Shaft rotation device; 51. Abrasive storage cylinder; 52. Rotary table; 53. Support block; 54. Second threaded rod; 55. Second clamping block; 56. Third rotary drive component; 57. First gear; 58. Second gear; 6. Protective device; 61. First bellows cover; 62. Second bellows cover. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by this utility model, the following detailed description of this utility model is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Reference Figures 1-8As shown, this utility model provides a shaft workpiece grinding and polishing device, including: a main body 1; a material box 11 for storing abrasive is also provided inside the main body 1; a limiting component 2 is disposed above the main body 1 and can be used to fix the shaft to be processed; a grinding component 3 is disposed on the back of the top of the main body 1 and can spray abrasive onto the surface of the shaft to be processed for polishing; a spraying component 4 is disposed on the main body 1 and can draw abrasive from the material box 11 into the grinding component 3 and spray the abrasive onto the surface of the shaft to be processed; a shaft rotating device 5 is disposed above the main body 1 and can rotate the shaft to be processed; and a protective device 6 can be used to rotate the shaft to be processed. The longitudinal distribution of the shaft is used to prevent abrasive leakage to the external environment; the grinding assembly 3 includes a lifting sleeve 35 that can be sleeved on the outside of the shaft to be processed and can reciprocate along the axial direction of the shaft to be processed. The inner wall of the lifting sleeve 35 is provided with several through holes 351 for spraying abrasive onto the shaft to be processed. The shaft rotation device 5 includes an abrasive storage cylinder 51 located directly above the main body 1. Directly above the abrasive storage cylinder 51, a shaft to be processed is rotatably arranged to receive the shaft to be processed and to allow the shaft to be processed to rotate around its axial direction. The limiting assembly 2 includes a limiting sleeve 25 that can move up and down and can be sleeved on the top of the shaft to be processed. The limiting sleeve 25 can press against the top of the shaft to be processed.

[0027] Before starting the grinding and polishing operation, the shaft to be processed is placed vertically on the receiving component of the shaft rotation device 5, ensuring that the top of the shaft is aligned with the limiting sleeve 25 of the limiting component 2. Then, by controlling the limiting component 2, the limiting sleeve 25 is lowered and pressed against the top of the shaft to be processed. The abrasive assembly 4 is activated, and the abrasive pump 41 extracts the abrasive from the material box 11 and transports it through the pipeline to the lifting sleeve 35 of the grinding assembly 3. After entering the lifting sleeve 35, the abrasive is ejected through the through hole 351 on the inner wall of the lifting sleeve 35, acting on the surface of the shaft to be processed. At the same time, the shaft rotation device 5 is activated, causing the shaft to be processed to rotate around its axis. The rotation of the shaft allows the abrasive to act evenly on its entire surface. Simultaneously, the lifting sleeve 35 of the grinding assembly 3 is controlled to reciprocate along the axial direction of the shaft to be processed, further ensuring that the abrasive can cover the entire surface of the shaft to be processed, achieving all-round grinding and polishing.

[0028] The grinding assembly 3 also includes a second support plate 31 disposed on the top of the main body 1, a second lead screw 32 rotatably disposed along the length of the second support plate 31, and a second lifting member 34 disposed on the second support plate 31 and capable of reciprocating along the length of the second support plate 31. The second lifting member 34 is connected to a lifting sleeve 35, and the interior of the lifting sleeve 35 is hollow. The grinding assembly 3 also includes a second rotary drive member 33 fixed to the top of the second support plate 31 and used to drive the second lead screw 32 to rotate.

[0029] The second rotary drive 33 is activated, driving the second lead screw 32 to rotate. Due to the threaded transmission between the second lifting member 34 and the second lead screw 32, the rotation of the second lead screw 32 causes the second lifting member 34 to reciprocate linearly along the length of the second support plate 31. Because the lifting sleeve 35 is connected to the second lifting member 34, the lifting sleeve 35 also reciprocates along the axial direction of the shaft to be processed as the second lifting member 34 moves.

[0030] The spraying assembly 4 includes a spraying pump 41 fixed on the top of the main body 1. The inlet end of the spraying pump 41 is connected to a first connecting pipe 42, one end of the first connecting pipe 42 is connected to the material box 11, and the outlet end of the spraying pump 41 is connected to a second pipe 43, one end of the second pipe 43 is connected to the lifting sleeve 35.

[0031] The abrasive pump 41 is started and begins to work, creating a negative pressure inside. It draws abrasive from the material box 11 through the first connecting pipe 42. After the abrasive enters the abrasive pump 41 along the first connecting pipe 42, it is transported through the second pipe 43 into the lifting sleeve 35 under the pressure generated by the abrasive pump 41, and the abrasive inside is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the shaft to be processed.

[0032] The shaft rotation device 5 also includes a rotary table 52, with support blocks 53 fixed on both sides of the top of the rotary table 52. A second threaded rod 54 is rotatably mounted on the support block 53, and a second clamping block 55 is provided at one end of the second threaded rod 54 to fix the shaft to be processed. The shaft rotation device 5 also includes a protective cylinder vertically mounted at the center of the abrasive storage cylinder 51. A rotating shaft is connected to the bottom of the rotary table 52, and the rotating shaft passes through the protective cylinder and is connected to a second gear 58. The shaft rotation device 5 also includes a third rotary drive 56 disposed inside the main body 1. The output end of the third rotary drive 56 is connected to a first gear 57, which meshes with the second gear 58. The rotary table 52 is frustum-shaped.

[0033] Before starting the grinding and polishing operation, the shaft to be processed is placed on the rotary table 52. By rotating the second threaded rods 54 on both sides, the second clamping block 55 is moved using the thread transmission principle to clamp and fix the shaft to be processed, ensuring that the shaft to be processed will not shift during rotation. The third rotary drive 56 is activated, which drives the first gear 57 to rotate. Since the first gear 57 meshes with the second gear 58, the rotation of the first gear 57 will drive the second gear 58 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotary table 52 to rotate through the rotary shaft. The rotation of the rotary table 52 causes the shaft to be processed to rotate around its own axis.

[0034] The limiting assembly 2 also includes a first lifting member 23 capable of moving the limiting sleeve 25 up and down. A support member 251 is provided at the center of the top of the limiting sleeve 25, and the top of the support member 251 is disposed in the first lifting member 23. The limiting assembly 2 also includes a pressure sensor 252 disposed between the first lifting member 23 and the support member 251 for detecting the pressure when the limiting sleeve 25 contacts the shaft to be processed. A first threaded rod 26 is also rotatably disposed on the limiting sleeve 25, and one end of the first threaded rod 26 is connected to a first clamping block 261 for clamping the shaft to be processed. The limiting assembly 2 also includes a first support plate 21 disposed above the main body 1, and a first lead screw 22 is rotatably disposed on the first support plate 21 along its length direction. The first lead screw 22 is threadedly connected to the first lifting member 23. The limiting assembly 2 also includes a first rotary drive member 24 disposed on the top of the first support plate 21 for driving the first lead screw 22 to rotate.

[0035] Before starting the grinding and polishing operation, the shaft to be processed is placed on the rotary table 52 and initially positioned. The first rotary drive 24 is activated, which drives the first lead screw 22 to rotate. Since the first lead screw 22 is threadedly connected to the first lifting member 23, the rotation of the first lead screw 22 will cause the first lifting member 23 to move downward along the length of the first support plate 21, thereby causing the limiting sleeve 25 to move downward. When the limiting sleeve 25 contacts the shaft to be processed, the pressure sensor 252 begins to detect the pressure and feeds the pressure signal back to the control system (the control system is existing technology and is not shown in the figure). The control system controls the output torque of the first rotary drive 24 according to the preset pressure value, thereby controlling the moving speed and stopping position of the first lifting member 23, ensuring that the pressure applied to the shaft to be processed by the limiting sleeve 25 is within a reasonable range, and avoiding deformation of the shaft to be processed due to excessive pressure. At the same time, the first threaded rod 26 is rotated, and the first clamping block 261 is moved using the thread transmission principle, cooperating with the limiting sleeve 25 to clamp and fix the shaft to be processed, further enhancing the stability of the shaft to be processed.

[0036] The protective device 6 includes a first bellows cover 61 that is sleeved on the outside of the abrasive storage cylinder 51, and the top of the first bellows cover 61 is hung on the bottom of the lifting sleeve 35 by a hook. The protective device 6 also includes a second bellows cover 62 that is set on the top of the lifting sleeve 35, and the top of the second bellows cover 62 is hung on the bottom of the limiting sleeve 25 by a hook.

[0037] Before the grinding and polishing device for the shaft workpiece begins operation, the first bellows cover 61 is fitted over the abrasive storage cylinder 51, and its top is hooked to the bottom of the lifting sleeve 35 using hooks. The second bellows cover 62 is placed on top of the lifting sleeve 35, and its top is hooked to the bottom of the limiting sleeve 25 using hooks. During the movement of the lifting sleeve 35, the first bellows cover 61 extends and retracts with the up-and-down movement of the lifting sleeve 35. When the lifting sleeve 35 rises, the first bellows cover 61 is stretched; when the lifting sleeve 35 descends, the first bellows cover 61 is compressed, always maintaining protection of the space between the abrasive storage cylinder 51 and the lifting sleeve 35, preventing abrasive leakage from this area. At the same time, the second bellows cover 62 also extends and retracts with the movement of the lifting sleeve 35. Since the position of the limiting sleeve 25 is relatively fixed, when the lifting sleeve 35 rises, the second bellows cover 62 is stretched; when the lifting sleeve 35 descends, the second bellows cover 62 is compressed, preventing abrasive leakage from the space between the lifting sleeve 35 and the limiting sleeve 25.

[0038] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of this utility model, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A grinding and polishing device for shaft workpieces, characterized in that: include: Main body (1); The main body (1) is also provided with a material box (11) for storing abrasives. The limiting component (2) is located above the main body (1) and can be used to fix the axis to be processed; The polishing component (3) is located on the back of the top of the main body (1) and can spray abrasive onto the surface of the shaft to be processed for polishing. The abrasive assembly (4) is mounted on the main body (1) and can draw the abrasive from the material box (11) into the grinding assembly (3) and spray the abrasive onto the surface of the shaft to be processed; A shaft rotation device (5) is located above the main body (1) and is capable of rotating the shaft to be processed. The protective device (6) can be distributed along the length of the shaft to be processed to prevent abrasive from leaking into the external environment; The grinding assembly (3) includes a lifting sleeve (35) that can be sleeved on the outside of the shaft to be processed and can reciprocate along the axial direction of the shaft to be processed. The inner wall of the lifting sleeve (35) is provided with several through holes (351) for spraying abrasive onto the shaft to be processed. The shaft rotation device (5) includes an abrasive storage cylinder (51) located directly above the main body (1). Directly above the abrasive storage cylinder (51), a shaft to be processed is rotatably arranged to support the shaft to be processed and to allow the shaft to be processed to rotate around its axis. The limiting assembly (2) includes a limiting sleeve (25) that can move up and down and can be sleeved on the top of the shaft to be processed. The limiting sleeve (25) can press on the top of the shaft to be processed.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein: The grinding assembly (3) also includes a second support plate (31) disposed on the top of the main body (1). The grinding assembly (3) also includes a second lead screw (32) rotatably disposed along the length direction of the second support plate (31). The grinding assembly (3) also includes a second lifting member (34) disposed on the second support plate (31) and capable of reciprocating along the length direction of the second support plate (31). The second lifting member (34) is connected to the lifting sleeve (35), and the interior of the lifting sleeve (35) is hollow.

3. The grinding and polishing device for shaft workpieces according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grinding assembly (3) also includes a second rotary drive (33) fixed on the top of the second support plate (31) and used to drive the second lead screw (32) to rotate.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein: The spraying assembly (4) includes a spraying pump (41) fixed on the top of the main body (1). The inlet end of the spraying pump (41) is connected to a first connecting pipe (42), one end of the first connecting pipe (42) is connected to a material box (11), and the outlet end of the spraying pump (41) is connected to a second pipe (43), one end of the second pipe (43) is connected to a lifting sleeve (35).

5. The device of claim 1, wherein: The shaft rotation device (5) also includes a rotary table (52), and support blocks (53) are fixed on both sides of the top of the rotary table (52). A second threaded rod (54) is rotatably provided on the support block (53), and a second clamping block (55) capable of fixing the shaft to be processed is provided at one end of the second threaded rod (54).

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein: The shaft rotation device (5) also includes a protective cylinder vertically arranged at the center of the abrasive storage cylinder (51). The bottom of the rotating platform (52) is also connected to a rotating shaft, which passes through the protective cylinder and is connected to a second gear (58). The shaft rotation device (5) also includes a third rotating drive (56) arranged inside the main body (1). The output end of the third rotating drive (56) is connected to a first gear (57), which meshes with the second gear (58). The rotating platform (52) is frustum-shaped.

7. The device of claim 1, wherein: The limiting component (2) also includes a first lifting member (23) that enables the limiting sleeve (25) to move up and down. A support member (251) is provided at the center of the top of the limiting sleeve (25). The top of the support member (251) is located in the first lifting member (23). The limiting component (2) also includes a pressure sensor (252) provided between the first lifting member (23) and the support member (251) for detecting the pressure when the limiting sleeve (25) contacts the shaft to be processed. A first threaded rod (26) is also rotatably provided on the limiting sleeve (25). One end of the first threaded rod (26) is also connected to a first clamping block (261) for clamping the shaft to be processed.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein: The limiting component (2) further includes a first support plate (21) disposed above the main body (1), and the first support plate (21) is rotatably provided with a first lead screw (22) along its length direction. The first lead screw (22) is connected to the first lifting member (23) by a thread. The limiting component (2) further includes a first rotary drive member (24) disposed on the top of the first support plate (21) and used to drive the first lead screw (22) to rotate.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The protective device (6) includes a first bellows cover (61) sleeved outside the abrasive storage cylinder (51), and the top of the first bellows cover (61) is hung on the bottom of the lifting sleeve (35) by a hook. The protective device (6) also includes a second bellows cover (62) set on the top of the lifting sleeve (35), and the top of the second bellows cover (62) is hung on the bottom of the limiting sleeve (25) by a hook.

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