A flue gas desulfurization tower

Abstract

The utility model relates to environmental protection equipment technical field, concretely disclose a flue gas desulfurization tower, include: tower body, guide rectification mechanism, multistage adjustable spraying subassembly, liquid film distribution reinforcement structure and flue gas inlet steady flow device, wherein: the tower body is the vertical setting cylindrical shell, its bottom is equipped with slurry pool, top is equipped with net flue gas exit, side wall lower part is equipped with raw flue gas inlet, this flue gas desulfurization tower, the utility model at least has following beneficial effects: the synergies of guide rectification mechanism and flue gas inlet steady flow device of this flue gas desulfurization tower, effectively weakened the turbulence intensity when raw flue gas entered the tower body, makes the stable, uniform ascending flow field of flue gas in the tower, creates the basic condition for the uniform distribution of spraying liquid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of environmental protection equipment technology, specifically a flue gas desulfurization tower. Background Technology

[0002] Flue gas desulfurization (FGD) is a crucial environmental protection measure for controlling sulfur dioxide emissions from coal-fired power plants and industrial boilers, and it is widely used in air pollution control. In FGD systems, the desulfurization tower is the core equipment, typically employing a wet process. This involves counter-current contact between a spray absorbent (such as limestone slurry) and the flue gas to achieve efficient sulfur dioxide removal. This technology features high desulfurization efficiency, stable operation, and strong adaptability, and is widely used in industries such as power, metallurgy, and chemicals.

[0003] Typical desulfurization towers incorporate spray layers, demisters, packing, or trays to enhance gas-liquid contact and improve desulfurization efficiency. However, in actual operation, the uniformity of spray liquid distribution in existing desulfurization towers is easily affected by flue gas flow field disturbances. Insufficient liquid film coverage or inadequate gas-liquid contact time may occur in localized areas, thus limiting overall desulfurization efficiency. Furthermore, under high load or variable operating conditions, traditional spray structures have limited adaptability to fluctuating flue gas flow rates, potentially leading to fluctuations in desulfurization performance and affecting system stability. Therefore, we propose a new flue gas desulfurization tower. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a flue gas desulfurization tower to address the issues raised in the background section regarding the uneven distribution of spray liquid in existing desulfurization towers during actual operation. These issues are easily affected by fluctuations in the flue gas flow field, potentially leading to insufficient liquid film coverage or inadequate gas-liquid contact time in localized areas, thus limiting overall desulfurization efficiency. Furthermore, under high load or variable operating conditions, traditional spray structures have limited adaptability to fluctuating flue gas flow rates, which may cause fluctuations in desulfurization performance and affect the stable operation of the system.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a flue gas desulfurization tower, comprising: a tower body, a flow guiding and rectifying mechanism, a multi-stage adjustable spray assembly, a liquid film distribution enhancement structure, and a flue gas inlet flow stabilizing device, wherein:

[0006] The tower body is a vertically arranged cylindrical shell with a slurry pool at the bottom, a clean flue gas outlet at the top, and a raw flue gas inlet at the lower part of the side wall;

[0007] The flow guiding and rectifying mechanism is installed above the original flue gas inlet inside the tower. It includes several groups of flow guiding plates arranged in a ring array. Each group of flow guiding plates consists of two inclined arc plates. A convergence channel is formed between the two arc plates. The outlet of the convergence channel faces the central axis of the tower. Each group of flow guiding plates is evenly distributed around the circumference of the tower and is used to guide the original flue gas entering the tower to the central area and perform preliminary rectification.

[0008] The multi-stage adjustable spray assembly is located above the flow guiding and rectifying mechanism and includes at least three layers of horizontally arranged spray pipes. Each layer of spray pipes consists of multiple concentric annular pipes. Solid conical nozzles that spray downwards are spaced apart on the annular pipes. The radii of the annular pipes of adjacent spray pipes are staggered, so that the spray coverage area of ​​the upper layer complements that of the lower layer. Each annular pipe is connected to the main liquid supply pipe through an independent liquid supply branch pipe. The liquid supply branch pipe is equipped with a manual adjustment valve to adjust the spray density of each area according to the operating conditions.

[0009] The liquid film distribution enhancement structure is located below the spray area and includes multiple layers of horizontally stacked corrugated plate packing. Each layer of corrugated plate packing consists of several parallel corrugated sheets with micro-protruding textures on the surface of the corrugated sheets. The crests and troughs of the corrugated sheets extend radially along the tower body, and the corrugation directions of two adjacent layers of corrugated plate packing are perpendicular to each other to enhance the lateral diffusion ability of the liquid film on the packing surface.

[0010] The flue gas inlet flow stabilization device is located inside the original flue gas inlet and includes a flow stabilization cylinder that is closed at one end. The open end of the flow stabilization cylinder is connected to the original flue gas inlet flange. The flow stabilization cylinder has several axially extending baffles inside. The baffles extend from the inner wall of the flow stabilization cylinder towards the center, and a slit-shaped airflow channel is formed between adjacent baffles. The width of the slit gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet direction, which is used to compress and evenly distribute the flue gas velocity distribution entering the tower.

[0011] The flow guiding and rectifying mechanism also includes a central rectifying column, which is fixed on the central axis of the tower and located directly above the outlet of the convergence channel of the guide plate. The central rectifying column is a frustum-shaped structure with a smaller top and a larger bottom, and there is an annular gap between its outer circumference and the outlet of each convergence channel to further equalize the flue gas flow direction.

[0012] In the multi-stage adjustable spray assembly, the number of annular pipes in the uppermost spray pipeline is less than that in the lower layer, and the diameter of its annular pipe is smaller than that of the corresponding annular pipe in the lower layer, forming a spray gradient that is denser at the top and sparser at the bottom, in order to match the characteristics of volume expansion during the rise of flue gas.

[0013] The corrugated sheets of the corrugated plate filler layer are made of polypropylene, with a corrugation angle of 60 degrees, a corrugation spacing of 25 mm, and a micro-protrusion texture distributed in a dot matrix pattern with a dot matrix spacing of 5 mm and a protrusion height of 0.8 mm.

[0014] The inner wall of the flow stabilizing cylinder of the flue gas inlet stabilizing device is lined with a wear-resistant ceramic lining, and the windward side of the baffle rib is also covered with a lining of the same material to resist the scouring and wear of high-concentration dust and flue gas.

[0015] The inner wall of the tower is equipped with a demister support beam above the spray area. A ridge-type demister is installed on the demister support beam. The ridge-type demister is composed of multiple V-shaped folding plates. The surface of the V-shaped folding plates is provided with guide grooves. The guide grooves extend downward along the slope of the folding plates to collect and guide the captured droplets.

[0016] The slurry tank is equipped with an agitator, which includes a horizontally arranged agitator shaft with blades installed at intervals on the shaft. The blades have a swept-back curved surface structure. One end of the agitator shaft extends out of the tower body and is connected to a geared motor, which is fixed on a bracket on the outer wall of the tower body.

[0017] The tower body is equipped with a maintenance platform that surrounds the tower. The platform is surrounded by railings and is fixedly connected to the tower by diagonal bracing. The platform has multiple observation windows made of corrosion-resistant transparent material.

[0018] The main liquid supply pipe is equipped with a pressure gauge and a flow meter. The pressure gauge is used to monitor the working pressure of the spray system, and the flow meter is used to measure the supply of absorbent liquid in real time. Both are connected to the main liquid supply pipe through a flange.

[0019] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This flue gas desulfurization tower effectively weakens the turbulence intensity of the original flue gas entering the tower through the synergistic effect of the flow guiding and rectifying mechanism and the flue gas inlet flow stabilization device. This creates a stable and uniform upward flow field within the tower, providing a foundation for the uniform distribution of the spray liquid. The multi-stage adjustable spray assembly adopts a ring-shaped staggered arrangement and an independent liquid supply adjustment structure, which can flexibly adjust the spray density of different areas according to the actual flue gas load, avoiding insufficient desulfurization reaction in some areas due to insufficient spraying. The multi-layer orthogonal corrugated plate packing in the liquid film distribution enhancement structure, combined with the micro-protruding texture on the surface, significantly enhances the spreading ability of the liquid film on the packing surface, prolongs the gas-liquid contact time, and improves the absorption efficiency of sulfur dioxide. Under high load or variable operating conditions, the above structures work together to make the desulfurization tower respond more smoothly to flue gas flow fluctuations, reduce the fluctuation range of desulfurization efficiency, and improve the system's operational stability. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of this utility model.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Tower body; 2. Flow guiding and rectifying mechanism; 3. Multi-stage adjustable spray assembly; 4. Liquid film distribution enhancement structure; 5. Flue gas inlet flow stabilizing device; 6. Slurry pool; 7. Clean flue gas outlet; 8. Raw flue gas inlet; 9. Ridge-type demister; 10. Agitator. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] Please see Figures 1 to 2 This utility model provides a technical solution: a flue gas desulfurization tower, comprising: a tower body 1, a flow guiding and rectifying mechanism 2, a multi-stage adjustable spray assembly 3, a liquid film distribution enhancement structure 4, a flue gas inlet flow stabilizing device 5, a slurry pool 6, a clean flue gas outlet 7, a raw flue gas inlet 8, a ridge-type demister 9, and a stirrer 10. The tower body 1 is a vertically arranged cylindrical shell, with a slurry pool 6 at the bottom, a clean flue gas outlet 7 at the top, and a raw flue gas inlet 8 at the lower part of the side wall.

[0027] The flue gas inlet flow stabilization device 5 is located inside the original flue gas inlet 8 and includes a flow stabilization cylinder closed at one end, with its open end connected to the flange of the original flue gas inlet 8. The flow stabilization cylinder contains several axially extending baffles that extend from the inner wall of the cylinder towards the center, forming slit-like airflow channels between adjacent baffles. The slit width gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet. The inner wall of the flow stabilization cylinder is lined with a wear-resistant ceramic layer, and the windward side of the baffles is also covered with a liner of the same material to resist the erosion and wear of high-concentration dusty flue gas. After the original flue gas enters the flow stabilization cylinder through the original flue gas inlet 8, it is compressed and evenly distributed within the slit channels formed by the baffles, resulting in a more uniform flue gas velocity distribution and a significant reduction in turbulence intensity.

[0028] The flow guiding and rectifying mechanism 2 is installed above the raw flue gas inlet 8 inside the tower body 1. It includes several groups of guide plates arranged in a ring array. Each group of guide plates consists of two inclined arc-shaped plates, forming a convergence channel between the two arc-shaped plates. The outlet of the convergence channel faces the central axis of the tower body 1. The guide plates are evenly distributed around the circumference of the tower body 1 to guide the raw flue gas entering the tower body 1 to the central area for initial rectification. The flow guiding and rectifying mechanism 2 also includes a central rectifying column, which is fixed on the central axis of the tower body 1 and located directly above the outlet of the convergence channel of the guide plates. The central rectifying column has a frustum-shaped structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom, with an annular gap between its outer circumference and the outlet of each convergence channel. After passing through the convergence channel, the flue gas flows towards the annular gap around the central rectifying column. During this process, the flow direction is further balanced, local eddies are weakened, and a stable upward axial flow field is formed.

[0029] The multi-stage adjustable spray assembly 3 is located above the flow guiding and rectifying mechanism 2 and includes three layers of horizontally arranged spray pipes. Each layer of spray pipes consists of multiple concentric annular pipes, with solid conical nozzles spraying downwards spaced at intervals on the annular pipes. The radii of the annular pipes in adjacent layers of spray pipes are staggered, so that the spray coverage area of ​​the upper layer complements that of the lower layer. The uppermost layer of spray pipes has fewer annular pipes than the lower layer, and its annular pipe diameter is smaller than the corresponding annular pipe in the lower layer, forming a spray gradient with denser pipes at the top and sparser pipes at the bottom to match the volume expansion characteristics of the flue gas during its ascent. Each annular pipe is connected to the main liquid supply pipe through an independent liquid supply branch pipe, and a manual regulating valve is installed on the liquid supply branch pipe. The main liquid supply pipe is equipped with a pressure gauge and a flow meter, both of which are connected to the main liquid supply pipe through flanges to monitor the working pressure of the spray system and measure the supply of absorbent liquid in real time. According to the operating conditions, the staff can adjust the spray density of different areas by adjusting the manual regulating valves on each liquid supply branch pipe, so as to achieve fine control of the spray liquid distribution on the cross section of the tower body 1.

[0030] The liquid film distribution enhancement structure 4 is located below the multi-stage adjustable spray assembly 3 and includes three horizontally stacked corrugated plate packing layers. Each layer of corrugated plate packing consists of several parallel corrugated sheets with micro-protruding textures on the surface. These textures are distributed in a dot matrix pattern with a dot spacing of 5 mm and a protrusion height of 0.8 mm. The crests and troughs of the corrugated sheets extend radially along the tower body 1, and the corrugation directions of adjacent layers are perpendicular to each other. The corrugation angle of the corrugated plate packing layer is 60 degrees, the corrugation spacing is 25 mm, and the corrugated sheets are made of polypropylene. After the spray liquid drips onto the corrugated plate packing layer, it flows downward along the surface of the corrugated sheets under gravity. The micro-protruding textures hinder the rapid downward movement of the liquid film, causing it to spread laterally on the surface of the corrugated sheets. The orthogonal arrangement of the corrugation directions of adjacent layers allows the liquid film to change its flow path multiple times in different directions, prolonging the gas-liquid contact time and enhancing the absorption efficiency of sulfur dioxide.

[0031] A demister support beam is installed on the inner wall of tower body 1 above the spray area, and a ridge-type demister 9 is mounted on the demister support beam. The ridge-type demister 9 consists of multiple V-shaped baffles, and the surface of the V-shaped baffles has guide grooves that extend downwards along the slope of the baffles. When the clean flue gas carrying droplets rises and passes through the ridge-type demister 9, the droplets impact the surface of the V-shaped baffles under inertia, are captured, and then flow downwards along the guide grooves, eventually returning to the lower part of tower body 1. The ridge-type demister 9 effectively separates the droplets entrained in the flue gas, preventing the droplets from being discharged with the clean flue gas and ensuring the cleanliness of the emitted gas.

[0032] A slurry tank 6 is located at the bottom of the tower body 1 and is used to collect the unreacted absorbent liquid and the gypsum slurry generated by the reaction. A stirrer 10 is installed inside the slurry tank 6. The stirrer 10 includes a horizontally arranged stirring shaft with blades spaced apart on it. The blades have a swept-back curved surface structure. One end of the stirring shaft extends out of the tower body 1 and is connected to a geared motor, which is fixed to a bracket on the outer wall of the tower body 1. The stirrer 10 continuously agitates the slurry in the slurry tank 6 to prevent solid particles from settling and forming scale, maintain the uniformity of the slurry, ensure a stable concentration of slurry pumped by the circulating pump, and provide a uniformly composed absorbent liquid for the spraying system.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] like Figures 1 to 2 In this second embodiment, the other structures remain unchanged, but the difference from the first embodiment is:

[0035] A maintenance platform is installed on the outer wall of tower body 1, encircling the tower body 1. The platform is equipped with guardrails at its edges and is fixedly connected to tower body 1 by supporting diagonal braces. Multiple observation windows are provided on the platform, which are made of corrosion-resistant transparent material, allowing operators to observe the spraying status, ash accumulation in the packing layer, and liquid level status inside tower body 1 in real time, and to perform maintenance operations in a timely manner.

[0036] In actual operation, the raw flue gas enters the flue gas inlet flow stabilizing device 5 from the raw flue gas inlet 8, where it undergoes initial flow stabilization in the gradually narrowing slit channel formed by the flow-blocking ribs. It then enters the tower body 1, is guided to the central region by multiple convergence channels of the flow guiding and rectifying mechanism 2, and further rectifies in the annular gap around the central rectifying column, forming a uniform and stable upward airflow. The multi-stage adjustable spray assembly 3 adjusts the liquid supply of each annular pipe according to the current flue gas load via manual regulating valves, allowing the spray liquid to cover the entire tower in an alternating and complementary manner. Cross-section; the spray liquid comes into countercurrent contact with the flue gas, and a desulfurization reaction occurs. Unreacted droplets and reaction products fall into the liquid film distribution reinforcement structure 4, forming a continuous liquid film on the surface of the corrugated plate packing layer, prolonging the gas-liquid reaction time; the purified flue gas carries a small amount of droplets and rises to the ridge-type demister 9. After the droplets are captured, they flow back, and the clean flue gas is discharged from the clean flue gas outlet 7; the slurry in the slurry tank 6 is continuously stirred by the agitator 10 to maintain a suspended state, and is transported by the circulation pump to the multi-stage adjustable spray assembly 3 to complete the recycling of the absorbent liquid.

[0037] The combined effect of these structures creates a stable and uniform flow field for the flue gas within tower 1, ensuring controllable and sufficient coverage of the spray liquid. The liquid film spreads fully on the packing surface, extending the gas-liquid contact time and improving desulfurization efficiency. Under high load or variable operating conditions, the spray density can be adjusted to adapt to fluctuating flue gas flow rates, maintaining stable desulfurization efficiency.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0039] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flue gas desulfurization tower, characterized in that: include: The tower body, flow guiding and rectifying mechanism, multi-stage adjustable spray assembly, liquid film distribution enhancement structure, and flue gas inlet flow stabilizing device include: The tower body is a vertically arranged cylindrical shell with a slurry pool at the bottom, a clean flue gas outlet at the top, and a raw flue gas inlet at the lower part of the side wall; The flow guiding and rectifying mechanism is installed above the original flue gas inlet inside the tower body. It includes several groups of flow guiding plates arranged in a ring array. Each group of flow guiding plates consists of two inclined arc-shaped plates, and a convergence channel is formed between the two arc-shaped plates. The outlet of the convergence channel faces the central axis of the tower body. The multi-stage adjustable spray assembly is located above the flow guiding and rectifying mechanism and includes at least three layers of horizontally arranged spray pipes. Each layer of spray pipes consists of multiple concentric annular pipes. Solid conical nozzles that spray downwards are spaced apart on the annular pipes, and the radii of the annular pipes of adjacent spray pipes are staggered. The liquid film distribution enhancement structure is located below the spray area and includes multiple layers of horizontally stacked corrugated plate packing. Each layer of corrugated plate packing consists of several parallel corrugated sheets. The crests and troughs of the corrugated sheets extend radially along the tower body, and the corrugation directions of two adjacent layers of corrugated plate packing are perpendicular to each other. The flue gas inlet flow stabilizing device is located inside the original flue gas inlet and includes a flow stabilizing cylinder with one end closed. The flow stabilizing cylinder has several flow-blocking ribs extending axially inside, and a slit-shaped airflow channel is formed between adjacent flow-blocking ribs. The width of the slit gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet.

2. The flue gas desulfurization tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guiding and rectifying mechanism also includes a central rectifying column, which is fixed on the central axis of the tower body and located directly above the outlet of the convergence channel of the guide plate. The central rectifying column is a frustum-shaped structure with a smaller top and a larger bottom, and an annular gap is left between its outer circumference and the outlet of each convergence channel.

3. The flue gas desulfurization tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the multi-stage adjustable spray assembly, the number of annular pipes in the uppermost spray pipeline is less than that in the lower layer, and the diameter of its annular pipe is smaller than that of the corresponding annular pipe in the lower layer.

4. The flue gas desulfurization tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corrugated sheet of the corrugated plate filler layer is made of polypropylene, with a corrugation angle of 60 degrees and a corrugation spacing of 25 mm. The surface of the corrugated sheet is provided with micro-protrusion texture, which is distributed in a dot matrix pattern with a dot matrix spacing of 5 mm and a protrusion height of 0.8 mm.

5. The flue gas desulfurization tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the flow stabilizing cylinder of the flue gas inlet flow stabilizing device is provided with a wear-resistant ceramic lining, and the windward side of the flow baffle rib is also covered with a lining of the same material.

6. The flue gas desulfurization tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the tower is provided with a demister support beam above the spray area. A ridge-type demister is installed on the demister support beam. The ridge-type demister is composed of multiple V-shaped folding plates. The surface of the V-shaped folding plates is provided with guide grooves, which extend downward along the inclined surface of the folding plates.

7. The flue gas desulfurization tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slurry tank is equipped with a stirrer, which includes a horizontally arranged stirring shaft with blades installed at intervals on the stirring shaft. The blades have a swept-back curved surface structure. One end of the stirring shaft extends out of the tower body and is connected to a geared motor. The geared motor is fixed on a bracket on the outer wall of the tower body.

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