Fluidized bed reactor for coating positive electrode material with cobalt sulfate

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of fluidized bed reactors for cobalt sulfate coated positive electrode material, including cylinder, gas distribution system, flow guide system and atomization system. Among them, the bottom of cylinder is equipped with annular gas distribution plate, cyclone air cap is equipped on plate, and distribution plate and cylinder wall form material gap between them;Multiple angle-adjustable flow guide plates are equipped in cylinder, and synchronous adjustment is realized by center shaft and movable sleeve joint;Atomization nozzle is tangentially arranged and with flow guide plate layer position staggered correspondence;Cylinder top is connected with cyclone separator, and its discharge port is communicated with reactor by venturi feeder. The utility model realizes the efficient uniform mixing of cobalt sulfate coating agent and positive electrode material powder by the synergistic effect of cyclone field, adjustable flow guide and staggered atomization, simultaneously solves the problems of material blockage and fine powder recovery, and significantly improves the coating quality and production efficiency of battery material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of lithium-ion battery material preparation equipment, specifically a fluidized bed reactor for cobalt sulfate-coated cathode materials. Background Technology

[0002] In the production of cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries (such as lithium cobalt oxide and ternary materials), cobalt sulfate solution is often used to coat the surface of the base cathode material powder to form a uniform cobalt oxide coating layer, thereby effectively improving the structural stability and electrochemical performance of the cathode material. Fluidized bed technology is a key piece of equipment for realizing this process, which uses airflow to fluidize the powder and fully mix it with the atomized coating agent solution.

[0003] However, existing fluidized bed reactors still have significant shortcomings when applied to this type of precision coating: First, the fluidization field generated by traditional gas distribution plates is uneven, easily leading to insufficient powder mixing and dead zones in the coating process; second, the atomized droplets of the coating agent solution are poorly distributed within the reactor, easily agglomerating with the powder locally or adhering and crystallizing on the inner wall and components, resulting in uneven coating layers, poor product consistency, and equipment blockage. Furthermore, the fine powder generated during the reaction is difficult to recover efficiently and reuse in the coating process, causing raw material waste. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a dedicated fluidized bed reactor that can achieve efficient and uniform mixing of cobalt sulfate solution and cathode material powder, and effectively prevent wall adhesion and fine powder loss. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a fluidized bed reactor for cobalt sulfate-coated cathode materials. By optimizing the internal configuration and airflow organization, it can solve the problems of uneven mixing of powder and coating agent, easy adhesion to the wall, and difficulty in recycling fine powder, thereby achieving high-quality and high-efficiency battery material coating modification.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a fluidized bed reactor for cobalt sulfate-coated cathode material, comprising a cylindrical body, a gas distribution plate at the bottom of the cylindrical body, a plurality of concentrically arranged swirl caps on the gas distribution plate, a powder inlet on the side wall of the cylindrical body above the gas distribution plate, and an atomizing nozzle on the upper side wall of the cylindrical body. The cylinder is also equipped with multiple guide plates at different heights; There are multiple atomizing nozzles, which are tangentially arranged on the side wall of the cylinder, and the positions of the multiple atomizing nozzles correspond to the interlayer positions of the multiple guide plates.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, a vertical central shaft is provided inside the cylinder, and the upper end of the central shaft passes through a threaded sleeve on the top surface of the cylinder, with the passing portion threadedly engaged with the threaded sleeve. The guide plate is a fan-shaped plate, and a connecting ear is provided at the corner position of the guide plate. Multiple movable sleeves that can rotate freely in the axial direction are provided on the central shaft, and the connecting ear is hinged to the outer wall of the movable sleeve. The inner wall of the cylinder is provided with a fixing rod for horizontal positioning of the guide plate.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the guide plate has a slot in the middle of its arc edge, guide grooves on both sides of the slot, and protrusions on both sides of the end of the fixing rod on the side wall of the cylinder, with the protrusions located in the guide grooves on both sides of the slot.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the central shaft is provided with a manual throttle handle at its upper end outside the cylinder.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the gas distribution plate is an annular plate, the swirl cap is disposed on the top surface of the gas distribution plate, the outer diameter of the gas distribution plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder, and multiple connecting blocks are provided on the outer circular surface of the gas distribution plate, the connecting blocks being connected and fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder. A material passage gap is formed between the gas distribution plate and the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the powder inlet is connected to a Venturi feeder via a pipe; The driving air source of the Venturi feeder and the fluidizing air source of the swirl cap share the same compressed gas path.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the top of the cylinder is provided with an exhaust port, which is connected to a cyclone separator. The discharge port at the bottom of the cyclone separator is connected to the inlet of a venturi feeder via a pipe.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a powder inlet pipe is provided on the pipeline between the bottom outlet of the cyclone separator and the inlet of the venturi feeder.

[0013] The fluidized bed reactor for cobalt sulfate-coated cathode material provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects by adopting the above structure: (1) The rotating fluidization field generated by the swirl cap, combined with the synergistic effect of the tangentially staggered atomizing nozzles and the multi-layer adjustable guide plate, enables the powder and cobalt sulfate coating agent to achieve instantaneous and thorough mixing in three-dimensional space. The guide plate can effectively disperse any wet clumps that may form, ensuring that the coating agent is uniformly wrapped on the surface of each cathode material particle with a nanometer-level thickness. This fundamentally solves the technical problems of uneven coating and local agglomeration, and significantly improves the consistency of the electrochemical performance of the battery material. (2) The unique design of the annular gas distribution plate creates a material passage gap between it and the inner wall of the cylinder, ensuring that the coated material can fall smoothly to the bottom of the cone for discharge. This completely solves the problem of material accumulation and blockage that is easily caused by traditional distribution plates. At the same time, the direct connection between the cyclone separator and the Venturi feeder constitutes an efficient closed-loop circulation system for fine powder. The Venturi effect is used to actively suck up and recover fine powder, which not only avoids the waste of raw materials, but also effectively prevents the accumulation of fine powder in pipelines and equipment, ensuring the long-term continuous and stable operation of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the guide plate structure of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a top view of the gas distribution plate of this utility model.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Cylinder body; 2. Gas distribution plate; 21. Cyclone hood; 22. Connecting block; 23. Material passage gap; 3. Powder inlet; 4. Atomizing nozzle; 5. Guide plate; 51. Movable sleeve; 52. Connecting lug; 6. Central shaft; 61. Manual throttle; 7. Threaded sleeve; 8. Exhaust port; 9. Cyclone separator; 10. Venturi feeder; 11. Powder inlet pipe; 12. Groove; 13. Guide groove; 14. Fixing rod; 15. Protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0018] like Figure 1-3 In the present invention, a fluidized bed reactor for cobalt sulfate coated cathode material includes a cylindrical body 1, a gas distribution plate 2 at the bottom of the cylindrical body 1, a plurality of concentrically arranged swirl caps 21 on the gas distribution plate 2, a powder inlet 3 on the side wall of the cylindrical body 1 above the gas distribution plate 2, and an atomizing nozzle 4 on the upper side wall of the cylindrical body 1. The cylinder 1 is also equipped with multiple guide plates 5 at different heights; There are multiple atomizing nozzles 4, which are tangentially arranged on the side wall of the cylinder 1, and the positions of the multiple atomizing nozzles 4 correspond to the interlayer positions of the multiple guide plates 5.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, a vertical central shaft 6 is provided inside the cylinder 1, and the upper end of the central shaft 6 passes through a threaded sleeve 7 on the top surface of the cylinder 1, with the passing part threadedly engaged with the threaded sleeve 7. The guide plate 5 is a fan-shaped plate. A connecting ear 52 is provided at the corner of the guide plate 5. A plurality of movable sleeves 51 that can rotate freely in the axial direction are provided on the central shaft 6. The connecting ear 52 is hinged to the outer wall of the movable sleeve 51. The inner wall of the cylinder 1 is provided with a fixing rod 14 for horizontal positioning of the guide plate 5.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the guide plate 5 has a slot 12 in the middle of its arc edge, and guide grooves 13 on both sides of the slot 12. The fixed rod 14 on the side wall of the cylinder 1 has protrusions 15 on both sides of its end, and the protrusions 15 are located in the guide grooves 13 on both sides of the slot 12.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the central shaft 6 is provided with a manual throttle 61 at its upper end outside the cylinder 1.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the gas distribution plate 2 is an annular plate, the swirl cap 21 is disposed on the top surface of the gas distribution plate 2, the outer diameter of the gas distribution plate 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder 1, and a plurality of connecting blocks 22 are provided on the outer circular surface of the gas distribution plate 2, the connecting blocks 22 being connected and fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder 1. A material passage gap 23 is formed between the gas distribution plate 2 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the powder inlet 3 is connected to a Venturi feeder 10 via a pipe; The driving air source of the Venturi feeder 10 and the fluidizing air source of the swirl cap 21 share the same compressed gas path.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the top of the cylinder 1 is provided with an exhaust port 8, which is connected to a cyclone separator 9. The discharge port at the bottom of the cyclone separator 9 is connected to the inlet of the venturi feeder 10 through a pipe.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, a powder inlet pipe 11 is provided on the pipeline between the bottom outlet of the cyclone separator 9 and the inlet of the venturi feeder 10.

[0026] The operating principle of this utility model is as follows: Fluidizing gas enters from the bottom of the reactor and generates a rotating and rising uniform fluidizing field through the swirl cap 21. The cathode material base powder is continuously fed into the reactor from the powder inlet 3 through the Venturi feeder 10, and rapidly fluidizes under the action of the swirling airflow to form a high-speed rotating "powder cloud".

[0027] Meanwhile, the prepared cobalt sulfate precursor solution is delivered to the tangentially arranged atomizing nozzles 4 via a precision atomizing feeding system. After being atomized into micron-sized droplets, it is sprayed tangentially into the rotating powder cloud. Because the positions of the atomizing nozzles 4 and the interlayer positions of the guide plates 5 are staggered, it is ensured that the coating agent can be uniformly added to multiple cross-sections of the reactor.

[0028] As the mixture of powder and coating agent rises, it encounters multiple layers of guide vanes 5. The angle of the guide vanes, pre-adjusted by manually turning the handle 61, allows for optimal dispersion and redistribution of the material. This disrupts the potentially stable flow field, forcing the powder to undergo intense radial mixing; it also guides some of the powder towards the center or sidewalls, extending the average residence time of the powder in the reaction zone.

[0029] Carried by the airflow, the incompletely coated fine powder rises to the top of the cylinder and enters the cyclone separator 9 through the exhaust port 8. Inside the cyclone separator 9, most of the fine powder is separated and collected, then enters the feed inlet of the Venturi feeder 10 through the powder inlet pipe 11 at the bottom. After mixing with fresh base powder raw materials, it re-enters the reactor to continue participating in the coating process. This closed-loop circulation design enables real-time recovery and utilization of fine powder, ensuring a near 100% material utilization rate.

[0030] After the coating is completed, the material falls smoothly to the bottom of the cone through the material passage gap 23 between the gas distribution plate 2 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1 under the action of gravity, and is finally discharged from the discharge valve to enter the next heat treatment process.

Claims

1. A fluidized bed reactor for cobalt sulfate-coated cathode material, comprising a cylindrical body (1), characterized in that: The bottom of the cylinder (1) is provided with a gas distribution plate (2), and multiple concentric swirling wind caps (21) are provided on the gas distribution plate (2). A powder inlet (3) is provided on the side wall of the cylinder (1) above the gas distribution plate (2), and an atomizing nozzle (4) is provided on the upper side wall of the cylinder (1). The cylinder (1) is also provided with multiple guide plates (5) at different heights. There are multiple atomizing nozzles (4), which are tangentially arranged on the side wall of the cylinder (1), and the positions of the multiple atomizing nozzles (4) correspond to the interlayer positions of the multiple guide plates (5).

2. A fluidized bed reactor for cobalt sulfate-coated cathode material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder (1) is provided with a vertical central shaft (6). The upper end of the central shaft (6) passes through the threaded sleeve (7) on the top surface of the cylinder (1), and the part that passes through is threadedly engaged with the threaded sleeve (7). The guide plate (5) is a fan-shaped plate. A connecting ear (52) is provided at the corner of the guide plate (5). A number of movable sleeves (51) that can rotate freely in the axial direction are provided on the central shaft (6). The connecting ear (52) is hinged to the outer wall of the movable sleeve (51). The inner wall of the cylinder (1) is provided with a fixing rod (14) for horizontal positioning of the guide plate (5).

3. A fluidized bed reactor for cobalt sulfate-coated cathode material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide plate (5) has a slot (12) in the middle of the arc edge, and guide grooves (13) on both sides of the slot (12). The fixed rod (14) on the side wall of the cylinder (1) has a protrusion (15) on both sides of its end, and the protrusion (15) is located in the guide groove (13) on both sides of the slot (12).

4. A fluidized bed reactor for cobalt sulfate-coated cathode material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The central shaft (6) is equipped with a manual throttle (61) at its upper end outside the cylinder (1).

5. A fluidized bed reactor for cobalt sulfate-coated cathode material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas distribution plate (2) is an annular plate, and the swirl cap (21) is set on the top surface of the gas distribution plate (2). The outer diameter of the gas distribution plate (2) is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder (1), and multiple connecting blocks (22) are provided on the outer circular surface of the gas distribution plate (2). The connecting blocks (22) are connected and fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder (1). A material passage gap (23) is formed between the gas distribution plate (2) and the inner wall of the cylinder (1).

6. A fluidized bed reactor for cobalt sulfate-coated cathode material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder inlet (3) is connected to a Venturi feeder (10) via a pipe. The driving gas source of the Venturi feeder (10) and the fluidizing gas source of the swirl cap (21) share the same compressed gas path.

7. A fluidized bed reactor for cobalt sulfate-coated cathode material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the cylinder (1) is provided with an exhaust port (8), which is connected to the cyclone separator (9). The discharge port at the bottom of the cyclone separator (9) is connected to the feed port of the venturi feeder (10) through a pipe.

8. A fluidized bed reactor for cobalt sulfate-coated cathode material according to claim 7, characterized in that: A powder inlet pipe (11) is provided on the pipeline between the bottom outlet of the cyclone separator (9) and the inlet of the venturi feeder (10).

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