A kind of upsetting crankshaft tooling with upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to a upsetting crankshaft frock with upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder structure. Frock is located between the pressure machine sliding block and the lower beam, including upper top bearing stress seat assembly, remove lower work platform, symmetrical elbow lever subassembly, upper moving block, lower moving block, upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder, lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder and crank handle mould group. Remove lower work platform can move horizontally along the crankshaft length direction, realizes its with the ingot into or removes pressure machine, is centrally equipped with lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder, elbow lever subassembly is connected moving block through the connecting pin shaft, drives crank handle left and right mould clamping ingot, upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder connects respectively crank handle upper, lower intermediate mould, realizes holding ingot connecting rod journal. The utility model discloses through upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder in the forging stage overflow liquid discharge, forms rigid body transmission load, optimizes metal flow through the mould constraint metal deformation. Multiple batch operation can complete crankshaft full crank handle forging. Multiple batch operation can complete crankshaft full crank handle forging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of large crankshaft upsetting tooling, and in particular to an upsetting crankshaft tooling with an upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder structure. Background Technology

[0002] The crankshaft upsetting forging production process involves individually changing the die, localizing heating, and performing localized upsetting forging for each crankshaft. Each batch of forgings requires centralized die changing, localized heating, and the locally heated forging billet being hoisted and placed in the lower die on the left and right sides of a movable tooling table that has been moved out of the upsetting fixture. After the forging billet is placed in the die, the movable tooling table moves into the center of the press, and the press slide descends, closing the upper and lower tooling. The slide then continues to descend, achieving coordinated movement of the left and right sides of the die and the downward movement of the upper die, thus achieving localized upsetting forging. After producing the same crankshaft in the same batch through localized upsetting, the die is changed again, localized heating is performed, and the next identical crankshaft is upset. Through multiple batches of die changes, localized heating, and localized upsetting, the forging production of each crankshaft and flange in this batch is completed.

[0003] In the production of large crankshaft upsetting, traditional tooling employs a process of step-by-step die changing, local heating, and forging each crankshaft individually. Traditional tooling lacks a follow-up upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder structure. During forging, as the upper intermediate die presses down, the lower intermediate die cannot dynamically hold the connecting rod journal, leading to uncontrolled metal flow. Problems such as reduced diameter and unfilled grooves easily occur at the connecting rod journal. Free metal flow on the crankshaft side creates folding defects, and in severe cases, the depth exceeds the machining allowance, resulting in scrapped forgings.

[0004] To avoid folding, a large-diameter blank and a large-radius corner transition design are required, resulting in low material utilization; and the parting line is located below the journal centerline, forming a shape like... Figure 17 The non-circular cross section with a draft angle, as shown, results in a large local machining allowance during the turning process of the connecting rod journal, leading to wasted tools and machining time. Utility Model Content

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a forging crankshaft tooling with an upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder structure; the specific technical solution is as follows: A forging crankshaft fixture with an upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder structure includes an upper press beam and a lower press beam respectively set at both ends of the press column; the fixture is located between the press slide and the lower press beam, and includes an upper top bearing force-bearing seat assembly, a movable lower worktable, an elbow assembly, an upper moving block, a lower moving block, an upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder, a lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder, upper dies on the left and right sides of the crank, an upper intermediate die on the crank, a lower intermediate die on the crank, an upper intermediate die connector on the crank, and lower dies on the left and right sides of the crank; The upper bearing force-bearing seat assembly is fixedly installed on the press slide block, wherein the upper bearing force-bearing seat assembly includes two side beams; The movable lower worktable can move horizontally along the crankshaft length direction to carry the forging billet into or out of the press. The center of the movable lower worktable is provided with a lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder, and the bottom of the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder is flush with the bottom surface of the movable lower worktable. When the movable lower worktable moves into the press, the bottom of the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder is in rigid contact with the upper surface of the lower beam of the press. The upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder is linked with the press slide block. The lower end of the piston of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder is connected to the upper intermediate mold connector of the crank and the upper intermediate mold of the crank in sequence. The piston of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder is fitted with an upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder guide plate. The piston of the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder is connected to the lower intermediate mold mounting beam at its upper end, and the lower intermediate mold is mounted on the lower intermediate mold mounting beam. The upper intermediate mold and the lower intermediate mold of the crank are both provided with guide grooves, and the protruding guide block is installed in the guide groove of the lower intermediate mold of the crank. The left and right sets of elbow assemblies are symmetrically arranged. Each set of elbow assemblies includes a tooling elbow seat and an elbow. The elbow is connected to the upper moving block through an elbow connecting pin. Symmetrically arranged upper and lower moving blocks on the left and right sides, wherein the upper moving blocks are mounted on the upper bearing force-bearing seat assembly, and the lower moving blocks are mounted on the movable lower worktable; The upper left and right side dies of the crankshaft are installed on the upper left and right side moving blocks, and the lower left and right side dies of the crankshaft are installed on the lower left and right side moving blocks. The two together clamp the upsetting crankshaft forging blank.

[0006] The preferred embodiment of the upsetting crankshaft tooling with upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinders is as follows: the movable lower worktable is provided with a transverse guide groove, and the lower intermediate mold mounting beam slides with the movable lower worktable through the transverse guide groove; two rigid bottom pads for the beam are installed in the transverse guide groove to transfer the vertical load to the movable lower worktable during forging.

[0007] The preferred embodiment of the upsetting crankshaft tooling with an upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder structure is that the side beam is provided with an elbow seat locking pad screw and an elbow seat adjusting pad.

[0008] The preferred embodiment of the upsetting crankshaft tooling with an upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder structure is that the upper top bearing force-bearing seat assembly is provided with an upper moving block reset hydraulic cylinder and an upper moving block reset adjustable limiter, and the piston rod of the upper moving block reset hydraulic cylinder is connected to the upper moving block.

[0009] The preferred embodiment of the upsetting crankshaft tooling with upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder structure is that the lower movable worktable is provided with a lower movable block reset hydraulic cylinder and a lower movable block reset adjustable limiter, and the piston rod of the lower movable block reset hydraulic cylinder is connected to the lower movable block.

[0010] The preferred embodiment of the upsetting crankshaft tooling with upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinders is that the bottom of the upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinders is provided with a drain channel, and the bottom surface of the piston of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder forms a rigid structure with the bottom of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder.

[0011] The preferred embodiment of the upsetting crankshaft tooling with upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinders is that the bottom of the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder forms a rigid contact surface with the upper surface of the lower beam of the press.

[0012] The forging method includes the following steps: Step 1, Tooling adjustment and mold change: (1) In the state of the crankshaft forging billet without upsetting, the press slide moves down to make the upper mold on the left and right sides of the crankshaft, the lower mold on the left and right sides of the crankshaft contact the upper intermediate mold and the lower intermediate mold of the crankshaft, and the piston of the intermediate hydraulic cylinder contacts the bottom of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder. (2) Adjust the number of elbow seat adjusting pads and tighten the elbow seat locking pad screws, and set the spacing parameter σt; (3) Adjust the upper moving block reset adjustable limiter to the horizontal single-sided upsetting stroke S2; extend the piston rod of the upper moving block reset hydraulic cylinder to abut the reset adjustable limiter abutment plate, so that the elbow rod maintains the termination upsetting angle λ2; (4) The press slide rises to the maximum closed height, retracts the upper moving block to reset the hydraulic cylinder (10) piston rod, so that the elbow rod is reset to the initial upsetting angle λ1; (5) Move the lower worktable out of the press, adjust the adjustable limit switch of the lower moving block (9), and drag the lower moving block to the limit position through the lower moving block reset hydraulic cylinder; (6) Install the lower molds on the left and right sides of the crank on the lower moving block, and drain the liquid to the bottom of the lower middle hydraulic cylinder piston; (7) Install the lower intermediate mold of the crank on the crossbeam of the lower intermediate mold; place the upper molds of the left and right sides of the crank on the lower molds of the left and right sides of the movable lower worktable, and place the upper intermediate mold and the upper intermediate mold connector of the crank on the lower intermediate mold of the crank. (8) Move into the lower working table. After the press slide moves down to close the mold, fix the upper mold on the left and right sides of the crank on the upper moving block. Connect the upper intermediate mold connector to the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder piston and retract the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder piston to the top position. The upper moving block reset hydraulic cylinder controls the elbow to rotate at the angle from the initial upsetting angle λ1 to the final upsetting angle λ2, ensuring uniform metal flow in the upsetting crankshaft blank during upsetting.

[0013] Step 2, Forging billet into the mold and mold closing: (1) Move the lower worktable out of the press and place the locally heated upsetting crankshaft blank into the lower mold on the left and right sides of the crank and the intermediate mold below the crank; finely adjust the hydraulic cylinder of the lower moving block to make the upsetting crankshaft blank completely enter the mold; (2) Move the lower worktable to the center of the press; the press slide moves down to close the mold, press the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder and the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder to make the lower intermediate mold of the crank and the upper intermediate mold of the crank hold the upsetting crankshaft forging billet connecting rod journal; Step 3, upsetting and forging: (1) The press slide continues to descend, pushing the elbow to rotate in opposite directions; driving the upper moving block and the lower moving block to slide in opposite directions to achieve horizontal upsetting action; (2) Synchronous operation: The upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder overflows and drains back pressure. After draining, the piston of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder contacts the bottom of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder to form a rigid body. The press slide moves down to perform vertical bending forging. The lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder drains under pressure, causing the piston of the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder to rise and keep the upper intermediate die and the lower intermediate die of the crank holding the connecting rod journal. The draining stage of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder is the first stage, realizing the holding and suspension of the forging billet. The draining stage of the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder is the second stage. The piston stroke h2 keeps the upper intermediate die and the lower intermediate die of the crank holding tightly to prevent the connecting rod journal from expanding or being stretched and deformed. The vertical bending forging is achieved by the rigid downward movement of the upper intermediate die. The two work together to form a circular connecting rod journal.

[0014] (3) Horizontal upsetting and vertical bending are carried out simultaneously until the end faces of the upper and lower dies on the left and right sides of the crank contact the upper and lower intermediate dies of the crank, and the bottom surfaces of the pistons of the upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinders abut against the cylinder bottom, thus completing the deformation of the forging billet; the horizontal upsetting action is achieved by the elbow pushing the moving block.

[0015] Step 4, mold opening and resetting: (1) After unloading, the upper moving block is repositioned by the hydraulic cylinder, and the press slide returns to the maximum closed height to open the mold; (2) Remove the upset crankshaft blank from the moving lower worktable; push the upper moving block and lower moving block to the starting position through the lower moving block reset hydraulic cylinder and the upper moving block reset hydraulic cylinder, and release the piston of the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder to the bottom to complete the tool reset.

[0016] The preferred embodiment of the forging method for an upsetting crankshaft tooling with upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinders is as follows: during the forging process, the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder overflows back pressure to discharge liquid. After the liquid discharge is completed, the bottom surface of the piston of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder contacts the bottom of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder to form a rigid body, which moves down with the press slide. The lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder maintains pressurized discharge, and the piston of the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder pushes upward, so that the upper intermediate die of the crank and the lower intermediate die of the crank continuously hold the upsetting crankshaft forging billet connecting rod journal.

[0017] Repeat steps one through four to complete the forging of each crankshaft crank. Beneficial effects

[0018] The technical solution of this utility model is that the upper tooling is equipped with an upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder that moves with the slide block of the press, and the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder is located at the center of the lower worktable. This utility model tooling allows for the following process during upsetting of the crank: the upper and lower intermediate dies on the tooling transmit pressure generated by the hydraulic cylinder to the upper and lower intermediate dies of the crank and clamp the forging blank. During a certain stroke in the forging process as the press slide descends, when the hydraulic oil in the upper intermediate cylinder overflows and is drained, the bottom surface of the piston in the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder contacts the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder. This causes the upper intermediate die of the crank to achieve rigid contact with the upper tooling and the press slide. In other words, the upper intermediate die of the crank, the die connector, the hydraulic cylinder, and the upper lifting tooling of the press together form a rigid body with the press slide, moving downwards with it. Meanwhile, the lower intermediate cylinder continues to overflow with pressurized liquid, maintaining the lower intermediate die under hydraulic pressure and pushing it upwards. This, along with the upper intermediate die, continuously clamps the connecting rod journal of the upsetting crank. The lower intermediate die and the piston of the lower intermediate cylinder move at the same speed as the downward movement of the press slide, achieving the downward bending forging action of the upsetting crank. Throughout the entire process of the press slide pressing the tooling downwards, the press slide pushes down the four elbows of the upper tooling, causing the elbows to rotate in opposite directions. With the upper and lower semi-circular molds on the left and right sides of the tooling closing, clamping, and positioning the forging billet, the upper and lower molds on the left and right sides push the locally heated forging billet to achieve horizontal upsetting. Finally, at the moment when the upper and lower molds on the left and right sides contact the crank intermediate mold, the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder also completes the overflow and discharge. At this moment, the piston bottom surface of the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder forms a rigid body with the cylinder bottom, tooling, and press bottom beam. The mold groove space formed between the upper and lower molds on the left and right sides near the crank intermediate mold and the crank intermediate mold restricts the local heated metal to achieve the final flow and filling deformation, completing the forging deformation of a crank of a large crankshaft, namely the two cranks and the connecting rod journal between them, thus completing the forging formation of one crank part of the locally heated large crankshaft forging billet. The large upset crankshaft forging produced by this utility model has a circular connecting rod journal, which has the advantages of small machining allowance and saving machining time. It also has the advantages of high metal material utilization of the forging blank and more continuous fiber flow lines of the forging blank. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tooling for producing the third crankshaft, with the tooling mold in place but before upsetting begins, and including a press. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram a, excluding the tooling of the press and the forging blank before upsetting; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram b, excluding the tooling of the press and the forging blank before upsetting; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tooling, which is not shown in the area of ​​the front beam tie plate of the tooling. Figure 5 for Figure 4 AA section view; Figure 6 for Figure 4 BB section view; Figure 7 A perspective view of the crankshaft forging blank before it is loaded into the lower moving block and mold during the third crankshaft forging process; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A three-dimensional view of the crankshaft forging billet after it has been inserted into the left, right and middle lower dies; Figure 9 A perspective view of the crankshaft forging blank before it is loaded into the upper moving block and mold for the third crankshaft forging stage; Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the press slide descending to the tooling and mold closing position; Figure 11 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram with parameter annotations; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage motion relationship of the tooling; Figure 13 for Figure 4 AA section view at the completion of upsetting and forging; Figure 14 for Figure 4 BB section view during the completion of upsetting and forging; Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the crankshaft blank after demolding the lower moving block and the mold, taking the completion of the third crank of the upset forged crankshaft as an example; Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional bottom view of the mold, crankshaft blank and tooling when upsetting is completed, taking the completion of the third crank of the upsetting crankshaft as an example; Figure 17 These are cross-sectional views of the upper and lower intermediate molds and forging billets that do not utilize the technology of this patent.

[0020] In the diagram: 1-Pressure press upper beam, 2-Pressure press column, 3-Pressure press slide block, 4-Pressure press lower beam, 5-Upper top bearing force-bearing seat assembly, 6-Side beam, 6b-Toggle lever seat locking pad screw, 7-Moving lower worktable, 7a-Transverse guide groove, 8-Lower moving block reset hydraulic cylinder, 9-Lower moving block reset adjustable limiter, 10-Upper moving block reset hydraulic cylinder, 11-Upper moving block reset adjustable limiter, 12-Upset crankshaft forging blank, 13-Toggle lever seat adjusting pad, 14-Tooling elbow lever seat, 15-Elbow lever, 16-Elbow lever connecting pin. 17-Upper moving block, 18-Lower moving block, 19-Lower intermediate mold mounting beam, 20-Upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder, 20a-Upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder piston, 20b-Upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder guide plate, 21-Crank crank upper intermediate mold connector, 22-Crank crank upper intermediate mold, 23-Crank crank left and right side upper mold, 24-Crank crank lower intermediate mold, 25-Crank crank left and right side lower mold, 26-Lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder piston, 27-Lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder, 28-Crossbeam rigid base pad, 29-Protruding guide block, 30-Reset adjustable limiter abutment plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments. Various substitutions and modifications made based on ordinary technical knowledge and conventional methods in the art without departing from the above-described concept of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1-17 As shown, a forging crankshaft tooling with an upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder structure includes an upper press beam 1 and a lower press beam 4 respectively set at both ends of a press column 2; the tooling is located between the press slide block 3 and the lower press beam 4, and includes an upper top bearing force-bearing seat assembly 5, a movable lower worktable 7, an elbow assembly, an upper moving block 17, a lower moving block 18, an upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder 20, a lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder 27, upper molds 23 on the left and right sides of the crankshaft, an upper intermediate mold 22 on the crankshaft, a lower intermediate mold 24 on the crankshaft, an upper intermediate mold connector 21 on the crankshaft, and lower molds 25 on the left and right sides of the crankshaft; The upper bearing force-bearing seat assembly 5 is fixedly installed on the press slide block 3, wherein the upper bearing force-bearing seat assembly 5 includes two side beams 6; The movable lower worktable 7 can move horizontally along the length of the crankshaft, so as to carry the upset crankshaft forging billet 12 into or out of the press. The movable lower worktable 7 is provided with a lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder 27 at its center, and the bottom of the cylinder body of the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder 27 is flush with the bottom surface of the movable lower worktable 7. When the movable lower worktable 7 moves into the press, the bottom of the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder 27 is in rigid contact with the upper surface of the lower beam 4 of the press. The upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder 20 is linked with the press slide block 3. The lower end of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder piston 20a is connected to the crank upper intermediate mold connector 21 and the crank upper intermediate mold 22 in sequence, and the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder guide plate 20b is sleeved on the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder piston 20a. The lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder piston 26 of the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder 27 is connected to the lower intermediate mold mounting beam 19 at its upper end, and the lower intermediate mold 24 is mounted on the lower intermediate mold mounting beam 19. The upper intermediate mold 22 and the lower intermediate mold 24 of the crank are both provided with guide grooves, and the protruding guide block 29 is connected and assembled in the groove of the lower intermediate mold 24 of the crank. Two sets of elbow assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides. Each set of elbow assemblies includes a tooling elbow seat 14 and an elbow 15. The elbow 15 is connected to the upper moving block 17 through an elbow connecting pin 16. The upper moving blocks 17 on the left and right sides and the lower moving blocks 18 on the left and right sides are symmetrically arranged. The upper moving blocks 17 are installed on the upper top bearing force-bearing seat assembly 5, and the lower moving blocks 18 are installed on the movable lower worktable 7. The upper crank molds 23 on the left and right sides of the crank are mounted on the upper moving blocks 17 on the left and right sides, and the lower crank molds 25 on the left and right sides of the crank are mounted on the lower moving blocks 18 on the left and right sides. Together, they clamp the upset crankshaft forging blank 12.

[0023] The movable lower worktable 7 is provided with a transverse guide groove 7a, and the lower intermediate mold mounting beam 19 is slidably connected to the movable lower worktable 7 through the transverse guide groove 7a; two beam rigid bottom pads 28 are installed in the transverse guide groove 7a to transfer the vertical load to the movable lower worktable 7 during forging.

[0024] The side beam 6 is provided with an elbow seat locking pad screw 6b and an elbow seat adjusting pad 13.

[0025] The upper top bearing force-bearing seat assembly 5 is equipped with an upper moving block reset hydraulic cylinder 10 and an upper moving block reset adjustable limiter 11, and the piston rod of the upper moving block reset hydraulic cylinder 10 is connected to the upper moving block 17.

[0026] The movable lower worktable 7 is equipped with a lower moving block reset hydraulic cylinder 8 and a lower moving block reset adjustable limiter 9, and the piston rod of the lower moving block reset hydraulic cylinder 8 is connected to the lower moving block 18.

[0027] The bottom of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder 20 and the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder 27 are provided with drainage channels, and the bottom surface of the piston 20a of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder forms a rigid structure with the bottom of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder 20.

[0028] The bottom of the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder 27 forms a rigid contact surface with the upper surface of the lower beam 4 of the press.

[0029] The forging method includes the following steps: Step 1, Tooling adjustment and mold change: (1) In the state of the crankshaft forging blank 12 without upsetting, the press slide 3 moves down so that the upper mold 23 on the left and right sides of the crankshaft, the lower mold 25 on the left and right sides of the crankshaft contact the upper intermediate mold 22 and the lower intermediate mold 24 of the crankshaft, and the piston 20a of the intermediate hydraulic cylinder contacts the bottom of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder 20. (2) Adjust the number of elbow seat adjusting pads 13 and tighten the elbow seat locking pad screw 6b, and set the spacing parameter σt; (3) Adjust the upper moving block reset adjustable limiter 11 to the horizontal single-sided upsetting stroke S2; extend the piston rod of the upper moving block reset hydraulic cylinder 10 to abut the reset adjustable limiter abutment plate 30, so that the elbow 15 maintains the termination upsetting angle λ2; (4) The press slide 3 rises to the maximum closed height, retracts the piston rod of the upper moving block reset hydraulic cylinder 10, and resets the elbow 15 to the initial upsetting angle λ1; (5) Move the lower worktable 7 out of the press, adjust the adjustable limit switch 9 for lower moving block reset, and drag the lower moving block 18 to the limit position through the lower moving block reset hydraulic cylinder 8; (6) Install the lower molds 25 on the left and right sides of the crank on the lower moving block 18, and drain the liquid to the bottom of the lower middle hydraulic cylinder piston 26; (7) Install the lower intermediate mold 24 of the crank on the crossbeam 19 of the lower intermediate mold; place the upper mold 23 of the left and right sides of the crank on the lower mold 25 of the crank on the movable lower worktable 7, and place the upper intermediate mold 22 of the crank and the upper intermediate mold connector 21 on the lower intermediate mold 24 of the crank. (8) Move into the lower working table 7, and after the press slide 3 moves down to close the mold, fix the upper mold 23 on the left and right sides of the crank on the upper moving block 17, connect the upper intermediate mold connector 21 and the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder piston 20a, and retract the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder piston 20a to the top position. Step 2, Forging billet into the mold and mold closing: (1) Move the lower working table 7 out of the press and place the locally heated upsetting crankshaft blank 12 into the lower mold 25 on the left and right sides of the crank and the intermediate mold 24 below the crank; finely adjust the lower moving block reset hydraulic cylinder 8 to make the upsetting crankshaft blank 12 completely enter the mold; (2) Move the lower worktable 7 to the center of the press; the press slide 3 moves down to close the mold, press the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder 20 and the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder 27, so that the lower intermediate mold 24 of the crank and the upper intermediate mold 22 of the crank hold the upsetting crankshaft forging blank 12 connecting rod journal; Step 3, upsetting and forging: (1) The press slide block 3 continues to descend, pushing the elbow 15 to rotate in opposite directions; driving the upper moving block 17 and the lower moving block 18 to slide in opposite directions to achieve the horizontal upsetting action; (2) Synchronous operation: The upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder 20 overflows back pressure to discharge liquid. After the liquid is discharged, the piston 20a of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder contacts the bottom of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder 20 to form a rigid body. The press slide 3 moves down to perform vertical bending forging. The lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder 27 discharges liquid under pressure to make the piston 26 of the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder rise up, keeping the upper intermediate die 22 of the crank and the lower intermediate die 24 of the crank holding the connecting rod journal. (3) Horizontal upsetting and vertical bending are carried out simultaneously until the end faces of the upper mold 23 on the left and right sides of the crank and the lower mold 25 on the left and right sides of the crank contact the upper intermediate mold 22 and the lower intermediate mold 24 on the crank, and the bottom surface of the piston of the upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinders abuts against the bottom of the cylinder, thus completing the deformation of the forging billet; Step 4, mold opening and resetting: (1) After unloading, the upper moving block resets the hydraulic cylinder 10, and the press slide 3 returns to the maximum closed height to open the mold; (2) Remove the upset crankshaft forging blank 12 from the moving lower worktable 7; push the upper moving block 17 and the lower moving block 18 to the starting position through the lower moving block reset hydraulic cylinder 8 and the upper moving block reset hydraulic cylinder 10, and release the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder piston 26 of the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder 27 to the bottom, thus completing the tooling reset.

[0030] During the forging process, the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder 20 overflows back pressure to discharge liquid. After the liquid discharge is completed, the bottom surface of the piston 20a of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder contacts the bottom of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder 20 to form a rigid body, which moves down with the press slide 3. The lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder 27 maintains pressurized discharge, and the piston 26 of the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder pushes upward, so that the upper intermediate die 22 of the crank and the lower intermediate die 24 of the crank continuously hold the connecting rod journal of the upset crankshaft forging blank 12.

[0031] In steps (3) and (4) of step one, the elbow 15 is controlled by the upper moving block reset hydraulic cylinder 10 to rotate at the angle from the initial upsetting angle λ1 to the final upsetting angle λ2, so as to ensure that the metal flow of the upsetting crankshaft blank 12 is uniform during upsetting.

[0032] In step three (2), the first stage is the discharge stage of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder 20, which realizes the holding and suspension of the forging billet; the second stage is the pressurized discharge stage of the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder 27. The piston stroke h2 keeps the upper intermediate die 22 and the lower intermediate die 24 of the crankshaft tightly held to prevent the connecting rod journal from expanding or the edge from deforming.

[0033] In step three (3), the horizontal upsetting action is achieved by the elbow 15 pushing the moving block, and the vertical bending forging in step three (2) is achieved by the upper intermediate die 22 rigidly descending. The two work together to form a circular connecting rod journal.

[0034] Repeat steps one through four to complete the forging of each crankshaft crank.

[0035] Taking the third crank of an upsetting crankshaft as an example, see... Figures 1 to 12The following is a description of the upsetting and forging operation of this utility model tooling: Taking the upsetting and forging of the crankshaft forging blank for the third crank bend as an example, after the tooling moves the lower worktable and its moving blocks and various dies out of the press, the locally heated upsetting crankshaft forging blank is then... Figure 7 As shown, the components are hoisted to various lower molds of the tooling by overhead cranes for placement. Figure 8 As shown, during the mold-entry process, the horizontal opening distance of the tooling can be adjusted by finely adjusting the hydraulic cylinders of the left and right lower moving blocks at the four corners of the moving worktable to ensure that the locally heated upsetting crankshaft forging blank is fully inserted into the mold. Then, the tooling moving worktable is moved into the center position of the press, and then the press slide is moved downward, driving the various upper moving blocks, left and right upper dies, etc., connected to it to the various lower moving blocks, left and right lower dies, and forging blank to close the mold. Then, the pistons of the upper and lower cylinders are pressurized to hold the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft. After these operations are completed, the mold-closing process of the tooling is completed. During the mold-closing process of the slide descending, the distance and position of the left and right upper moving blocks can be adjusted by adjusting the piston rod of the upper moving block reset hydraulic cylinder to ensure smooth mold closing.

[0036] Upsetting forging process: After the mold is closed, the press continues to apply pressure, and the press slide moves further down, pushing the elbow of the tooling to rotate in opposite directions. The elbow then pushes the upper moving blocks on the left and right sides, and the thrust surfaces of the upper moving blocks on the left and right sides push the thrust surfaces of the lower moving blocks on the left and right sides, causing the lower moving blocks to slide in opposite directions along the guide rail surface of the lower moving table, realizing the horizontal upsetting action of the tooling and mold. Simultaneously with horizontal upsetting, the upper intermediate cylinder overflows with back pressure to drain liquid. The upper and lower intermediate molds hold the crankshaft connecting rod journal to achieve upsetting, or the lower intermediate cylinder pushes the forging blank upwards to achieve an upward bending upsetting operation, obtaining a deformed metal volume distribution that is beneficial to the forging filling process. After the upper intermediate cylinder completes draining, while horizontal upsetting continues, the slide drives the upper intermediate mold to achieve a downward bending forging action consistent with the downward speed of the slide. This horizontal upsetting and downward bending forging action continues until the forging is completed. At the end of forging, the end faces of the various left and right side dies contact the sides of the upper and lower intermediate dies, and the bottom surface of the piston of the upper and lower intermediate cylinders also abuts against the bottom surface of the cylinder body, transferring the vertical deformation force generated during the forging process to the slide and crossbeam of the press. The locally heated metal billet undergoes horizontal upsetting and vertical downward bending in the die cavity formed by the grooves of the left and right side dies near the intermediate die and the grooves of the upper and lower intermediate dies, resulting in a forged billet. Figure 15 , Figure 16 As shown; After the press completes the pressing of the forging billet, it is unloaded in time. Then, the operator extends the piston rod of the upper moving block reset hydraulic cylinder by applying pressure until its end abuts against the upper moving block reset hydraulic cylinder and the reset adjustable limiter abutment plate. Then, the press slide is returned to the maximum closed height of the press, realizing the mold and tooling opening. Afterwards, the lower moving worktable is removed from the press, and the forging billet is lifted out of the mold by an overhead crane. After demolding, the various reset hydraulic cylinders of the upper and lower moving blocks perform reset operations to push the upper and lower moving blocks to the starting upsetting position, and the pistons of the upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinders are lowered to complete the tooling reset operation. After these operations are completed, the next locally heated forging billet is hoisted onto the lower mold, and the cycle is repeated for the third upsetting forging.

Claims

1. A tooling for upsetting a crankshaft with an upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder structure, characterized in that: The press includes an upper beam (1) and a lower beam (4) of the press column (2) respectively set at both ends; the tooling is located between the press slide (3) and the lower beam (4) of the press, and the tooling includes an upper top bearing force-bearing seat assembly (5), a movable lower worktable (7), an elbow assembly, an upper moving block (17), a lower moving block (18), an upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder (20), a lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder (27), upper molds on the left and right sides of the crank (23), an upper intermediate mold on the crank (22), a lower intermediate mold on the crank (24), an upper intermediate mold connector on the crank (21), and lower molds on the left and right sides of the crank (25); The upper bearing force-bearing seat assembly (5) is fixedly installed on the press slide block (3), wherein the upper bearing force-bearing seat assembly (5) includes two side beams (6). The movable lower worktable (7) can move up and down along the inside of the upper bearing force seat assembly (5). The center of the movable lower worktable (7) is provided with a lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder (27), and the bottom of the cylinder body of the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder (27) is flush with the bottom surface of the movable lower worktable (7). When the movable lower worktable (7) moves into the press, the bottom of the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder (27) is in rigid contact with the upper surface of the lower beam (4) of the press. The upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder (20) is linked with the press slide (3). The lower end of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder piston (20a) is connected to the crank upper intermediate mold connector (21) and the crank upper intermediate mold (22) in sequence. The upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder piston (20a) is fitted with an upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder guide plate (20b). The lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder (27) has its piston (26) connected at the upper end to the lower intermediate mold mounting beam (19), and the lower intermediate mold (24) is mounted on the lower intermediate mold mounting beam (19). The upper intermediate mold (22) and the lower intermediate mold (24) of the crank are both provided with guide grooves, and the protruding guide block (29) is assembled in the guide groove of the lower intermediate mold (24); Two sets of elbow rod assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides. Each set of elbow rod assemblies includes a tooling elbow rod seat (14) and an elbow rod (15). The elbow rod (15) is connected to the upper moving block (17) through an elbow rod connecting pin (16). The left and right sides are symmetrically arranged upper moving blocks (17) and lower moving blocks (18), wherein the upper moving block (17) is connected to the upper bearing force-bearing seat assembly (5) through the elbow assembly, and the lower moving block (18) is installed on the movable lower worktable (7); The upper left and right side molds (23) of the crank are installed on the upper left and right side moving blocks (17), and the lower left and right side molds (25) of the crank are installed on the lower left and right side moving blocks (18). Together, they clamp the upset crankshaft forging blank (12).

2. The upsetting crankshaft tooling with upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable lower worktable (7) is provided with a transverse guide groove (7a), and the lower intermediate mold mounting beam (19) slides with the movable lower worktable (7) through the transverse guide groove (7a); two beam rigid bottom pads (28) are installed in the transverse guide groove (7a) to transfer the vertical load to the movable lower worktable (7) in the final stage of forging.

3. The upsetting crankshaft tooling with upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinders according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side beam (6) is provided with an elbow seat locking pad screw (6b) and an elbow seat adjusting pad (13).

4. The upsetting crankshaft tooling with upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper top bearing force-bearing seat assembly (5) is provided with an upper moving block reset hydraulic cylinder (10) and an upper moving block reset adjustable limiter (11), and the piston rod of the upper moving block reset hydraulic cylinder (10) is connected to the upper moving block (17).

5. The upsetting crankshaft tooling with upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable lower worktable (7) is equipped with a lower moving block reset hydraulic cylinder (8) and a lower moving block reset adjustable limiter (9). The piston rod of the lower moving block reset hydraulic cylinder (8) is connected to the lower moving block (18).

6. The upsetting crankshaft tooling with upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder (20) and the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder (27) are provided with drainage channels, and the bottom surface of the piston (20a) of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder forms a rigid structure with the bottom of the upper intermediate hydraulic cylinder (20).

7. The upsetting crankshaft tooling with upper and lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the lower intermediate hydraulic cylinder (27) forms a rigid contact surface with the upper surface of the lower beam (4) of the press.

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