Steering hydraulic system and working machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of engineering machinery hydraulic system discloses a kind of steering hydraulic system and engineering machinery.The system includes steering cylinder, steering gear, steering control component, oil supply component and check valve.Oil supply component, steering gear and steering cylinder are sequentially connected to constitute the first oil circuit of high pressure;Oil supply component and steering gear are connected to constitute the second oil circuit of low pressure.Check valve is located in the second oil circuit, and its installation direction is configured to allow the one-way flow of oil from oil supply component to steering gear.The utility model sets up check valve in low-pressure control oil circuit, effectively blocks the reverse transmission of the pressure of high-pressure oil circuit to steering control component, thereby significantly eliminates the rebound phenomenon of steering wheel, improves the stability and comfort of steering operation.The utility model is simple in structure, convenient to implement, and the effect is remarkable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of hydraulic systems for engineering machinery, specifically to a steering hydraulic system and engineering machinery. Background Technology

[0002] Wheeled construction machinery such as excavators and loaders generally adopt load-sensitive steering hydraulic systems to ensure steering reliability and response speed.

[0003] Specifically, a steering hydraulic system typically includes a steering wheel control assembly, a steering gear, a steering cylinder, and an oil supply system. The steering wheel control assembly and the steering gear are connected by gears. By mechanically controlling the steering gear, the oil circuit connected to the steering gear is changed, thereby achieving communication between different internal chambers of the steering cylinder.

[0004] However, existing hydraulic steering systems have significant drawbacks in practical use: when the operator turns the steering wheel to the end of its travel, the system generates an impact, causing a noticeable rebound of the steering wheel. This rebound not only affects the comfort of operation but also makes precise control difficult, reducing work efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a steering hydraulic system and engineering machinery to solve the problem of steering wheel rebound impact, including a steering cylinder, a steering gear, a steering control component, an oil supply component, and a one-way valve; the oil supply component, the steering gear, and the steering cylinder constitute a first oil circuit; the oil supply component and the steering gear constitute a second oil circuit, the hydraulic pressure in the second oil circuit is lower than that in the first oil circuit; the steering control component and the steering gear are connected by a transmission; the one-way valve is located in the second oil circuit and causes the oil to flow from the oil supply component to the steering gear.

[0006] In one optional embodiment, the steering cylinder is a double-acting piston cylinder, including a cylinder body, a piston, and a piston rod. The piston is located in the cylinder body, and one end of the piston rod is connected to the piston and the other end is connected to the steering component of the engineering machinery. The cylinder body is provided with two oil ports that communicate with a first oil circuit. The oil in the first oil circuit alternately drives the piston to extend and retract the piston rod.

[0007] In one alternative embodiment, the steering control assembly includes a steering wheel, a steering shaft, and a connecting gear. The steering gear is provided with a mating gear that engages with the connecting gear, and turning the steering wheel can drive the steering gear.

[0008] In one alternative embodiment, the steering gear is further provided with a steering shaft and a valve core that are connected to the mating gear drive. The steering shaft and valve core rotate synchronously with the mating gear, and the valve core can control the connection between the first oil circuit and the second oil circuit.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, the second oil circuit is further provided with a pressure sensor and a solenoid valve. The pressure sensor can monitor the hydraulic data of the second oil circuit, and the solenoid valve is selectively connected to the oil supply component. When the hydraulic pressure in the second oil circuit is too high, the solenoid valve is connected to the oil supply component; when the hydraulic pressure in the second oil circuit is normal, the solenoid valve is not connected to the oil supply component.

[0010] In one alternative embodiment, the fuel supply assembly includes a fuel tank, a fuel pump, and a priority valve. The fuel tank is selectively connected to a solenoid valve, the fuel pump is connected to the priority valve, and the priority valve is connected to a steering gear.

[0011] In one alternative implementation, the priority valve can adjust the amount of oil in the oil supply assembly, increasing or decreasing the hydraulic pressure in the first oil circuit and / or the second oil circuit.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the priority valve is provided with a first damping orifice, which can reduce the oil flow rate and reduce the oil velocity in the priority valve.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the second oil passage is further provided with a second damping orifice, which is located between the check valve and the priority valve. The second damping orifice can cooperate with the first damping orifice to reduce the oil flow rate and reduce the oil velocity in the second oil passage.

[0014] Secondly, this utility model also provides an engineering machinery, including the steering hydraulic system device described in the first aspect. Since the engineering machinery includes a steering hydraulic system and has the same effects as the steering hydraulic system, it will not be described further here.

[0015] The technical solution proposed in this application has at least the following technical effects: This application introduces a one-way valve structure to provide a stable steering control method for construction machinery, effectively eliminating steering wheel rebound and significantly improving handling comfort. This utility model employs a hydraulic control structure, forming hydraulic circuits with different pressures through a first oil circuit consisting of an oil supply component, steering gear, and steering cylinder, and a second oil circuit consisting of a steering control component and steering gear. A one-way valve is installed in the second oil circuit, configured to allow unidirectional flow of hydraulic fluid from the steering control component to the steering gear. When the steering cylinder is subjected to impact pressure, the one-way valve effectively blocks the reverse transmission of high-pressure impact to the control component. This utility model has a simple and reliable structure, low risk of damage, long service life, and effectively improves the stability and operational safety of the steering system. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a steering hydraulic system and engineering machinery according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic steering system and oil circuit of an engineering machinery according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Steering cylinder; 2. Steering gear; 3. Steering control assembly; 4. Oil supply assembly; 401. Oil tank; 402. Priority valve; 5. Check valve; 6. Solenoid valve; 7. Pressure sensor; 8. First damping orifice; 9. Second damping orifice; L1. First oil circuit; L2. Second oil circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0019] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to impose strict limitations on the technical solutions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. For example, the use of "a," "an," and "the" to modify a feature does not preclude the possibility that the feature may be plural in other embodiments.

[0020] It should be understood that the terms "comprising," "including," and "having" are open-ended, indicating the presence of the stated features but not excluding the possibility of other features in the embodiment. Similarly, the use of terms such as "first," "second," etc., to describe multiple features only indicates the distinction between one feature and another, and such terms do not imply order or sequence unless explicitly stated in the context.

[0021] It should be understood that, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the terms "setup," "connection," and "installation" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection via a medium. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of these terms in this document based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] In addition, for ease of description, the text will use terms of spatial relative relationship to describe the position of one feature relative to another feature, such as "inner", "outer", "end", "side", "upper", "middle", "lower", "high", "low", "axial", "circumferential", "radial", "horizontal", "vertical", "first direction", "second direction", etc. It can be understood that the spatial relative relationship between two features should include other specific situations besides those shown in the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0023] The embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It can be understood that the technical features involved in the different embodiments described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0024] The following is combined Figures 1 to 2 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in a first aspect, referring to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 A steering hydraulic system is provided to solve the problem of steering wheel rebound impact, including a steering cylinder 1, a steering gear 2, a steering control assembly 3, an oil supply assembly 4, and a one-way valve 5; the oil supply assembly 4, the steering gear 2, and the steering cylinder 1 constitute a first oil circuit L1; the oil supply assembly 4 and the steering gear 2 constitute a second oil circuit L2, and the hydraulic pressure in the second oil circuit L2 is less than that in the first oil circuit L1; the steering control assembly 3 and the steering gear 2 are connected by a drive; the one-way valve 5 is located in the second oil circuit L2 and causes the oil to flow from the oil supply assembly 4 to the steering gear 2.

[0026] In this embodiment, peak pressure occurs in the second hydraulic circuit L2 during steering. Excessive pressure can cause steering wheel impact. A one-way valve 5 is added to the second hydraulic circuit L2. This one-way valve 5 is configured to allow hydraulic fluid to flow only from the supply assembly 4 to the steering gear 2. When the pressure is too high, the one-way valve 5 prevents backflow of hydraulic fluid through the second hydraulic circuit L2, thus avoiding rebound impact. This invention has a simple structure, low risk of damage, and effectively improves the stability and operational safety of the steering hydraulic system.

[0027] Optionally, the steering control assembly 3 includes a steering wheel assembly connected to a gear. Through the cooperation of the gear and the valve core in the steering gear 2, the first oil circuit L1 and the second oil circuit L2 required for steering are connected. When the steering wheel assembly rotates in the first direction (e.g., clockwise), the second oil circuit L2 flows from the oil supply assembly 4 towards the steering gear 2. When the steering wheel assembly rotates to the end of the path along the first direction, the oil pressure in the steering cylinder 1 reaches its peak, causing a pressure buildup phenomenon. This causes the oil in the second oil circuit L2 to flow from the steering gear 2 towards the oil supply assembly 4. The reverse flow of oil will drive the valve core to rotate in the second direction (e.g., counterclockwise), thereby driving the steering wheel assembly to rotate in the second direction, resulting in a steering wheel rebound phenomenon.

[0028] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a one-way valve 5 is added to the second oil circuit L2, so that the high-pressure oil in the steering cylinder 1 cannot flow into the second oil circuit L2, thereby preventing the valve core in the steering gear 2 from rotating in the opposite direction, thus preventing the steering wheel assembly from rebounding.

[0029] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 1 The steering cylinder 1 is a double-acting piston cylinder, including a cylinder body, a piston and a piston rod. The piston is located in the cylinder body. One end of the piston rod is connected to the piston and the other end is connected to the steering component of the engineering machinery. The cylinder body is provided with two oil ports that are connected to the first oil circuit L1. The oil in the first oil circuit L1 alternately drives the piston to extend and retract the piston rod.

[0030] Optionally, the steering cylinder 1 may include, but is not limited to, a single-acting piston cylinder or a double-acting piston cylinder. In this embodiment, the steering cylinder 1 used is a double-acting piston cylinder.

[0031] Specifically, two cavities are formed between the cylinder block and the piston. The first oil circuit L1 is connected to the two cavities respectively. According to the steering requirements, one of them is connected, thereby pushing the piston to move to the other cavity and driving the external steering component to rotate.

[0032] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 1 The steering control assembly 3 includes a steering wheel, a steering shaft, and a connecting gear. The steering gear 2 is provided with a mating gear that cooperates with the connecting gear. Turning the steering wheel can drive the steering gear 2.

[0033] In this embodiment, the steering control component 3 is connected to the steering gear 2 in a transmission manner, converting mechanical motion into a signal that controls the connection between the steering gear 2 and the steering cylinder 1, thereby achieving steering.

[0034] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 1 The steering gear 2 is also equipped with a steering shaft and a valve core that are connected to the gear transmission. The steering shaft and valve core rotate synchronously with the gear, and the valve core can control the connection between the first oil circuit L1 and the second oil circuit L2.

[0035] Specifically, when not steering, the valve core is not connected to the first oil circuit L1, and the piston in the steering cylinder 1 has no driving force.

[0036] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 1 The second oil circuit L2 is also equipped with a pressure sensor 7 and a solenoid valve 6. The pressure sensor 7 can monitor the hydraulic data of the second oil circuit L2. The solenoid valve 6 is selectively connected to the oil supply component 4. When the hydraulic pressure of the second oil circuit L2 is too high, the solenoid valve 6 is connected to the oil supply component 4. When the hydraulic pressure of the second oil circuit L2 is normal, the solenoid valve 6 is not connected to the oil supply component 4.

[0037] In this embodiment, the second oil circuit L2 is connected to a one-way valve 5, a pressure sensor 7, and an unloader. The hydraulic pressure between the one-way valve 5 and the sensor can be used as a reference for the internal hydraulic pressure of the steering gear 2. When the pressure is too high, the unloader opens to release the oil, thereby reducing the pressure and preventing steering wheel impact.

[0038] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 1 The fuel supply assembly 4 includes a fuel tank 401, a fuel pump, and a priority valve 402. The fuel tank 401 is selectively connected to the solenoid valve 6, the fuel pump is connected to the priority valve 402, and the priority valve 402 is connected to the steering gear 2.

[0039] Specifically, the priority valve 402 can preferentially deliver oil from the hydraulic system to the steering system, providing sufficient oil for the completion of steering actions.

[0040] Specifically, the oil supply component 4 is the power source for the steering hydraulic system, which includes, but is not limited to, components such as the oil tank 401, the oil supply pump, and the priority valve 402.

[0041] Specifically, after the solenoid valve 6 is opened, some of the oil in the second oil circuit L2 will flow into the oil tank 401.

[0042] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 1 The priority valve 402 can adjust the oil volume of the oil supply component 4, increasing or decreasing the hydraulic pressure of the first oil circuit L1 and / or the second oil circuit L2.

[0043] Understandably, the priority valve 402 can adjust the hydraulic pressure of the first oil circuit L1 and / or the second oil circuit L2, so that the piston in the steering cylinder 1 moves faster or slower to match the driver's steering operation.

[0044] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 1 The priority valve 402 is provided with a first damping orifice 8, which can reduce the oil flow rate and reduce the oil flow velocity in the priority valve 402.

[0045] Specifically, when a large amount of oil passes through the damping orifice, it generates an overflow sound, which brings a bad experience to the driver. Therefore, the diameter of the first damping orifice 8 can be reduced to decrease the flow rate and velocity, so that the oil no longer overflows, thereby eliminating the overflow sound.

[0046] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 1 The second oil circuit L2 is also provided with a second damping orifice 9, which is located between the check valve 5 and the priority valve 402. The second damping orifice 9 can cooperate with the first damping orifice 8 to reduce the oil flow rate and reduce the oil velocity of the second oil circuit L2.

[0047] Specifically, when the diameter of the first damping orifice 8 is reduced, the flow rate and velocity in the oil circuit will decrease. In order to make the flow rate and velocity in the oil circuit uniform, the diameter of the second damping orifice 9 also needs to be reduced.

[0048] Secondly, this utility model also provides an engineering machinery, including the steering hydraulic system device described in the first aspect. Since the engineering machinery includes a steering hydraulic system and has the same effects as the steering hydraulic system, it will not be described further here.

[0049] It should be noted that construction machinery includes, but is not limited to, excavators, tracked bulldozers, and wheel loaders.

[0050] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A steering hydraulic system, characterized in that, It includes a steering cylinder (1), a steering gear (2), a steering control assembly (3), an oil supply assembly (4), and a check valve (5); The oil supply assembly (4), the steering gear (2), and the steering cylinder (1) constitute a first oil circuit (L1); the oil supply assembly (4) and the steering gear (2) constitute a second oil circuit (L2), and the hydraulic pressure of the second oil circuit (L2) is less than that of the first oil circuit (L1). The steering control component (3) and the steering gear (2) are connected by a transmission. The one-way valve (5) is located in the second oil passage (L2) and causes the oil to flow in the direction from the oil supply assembly (4) to the steering gear (2).

2. The steering hydraulic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steering cylinder (1) is a double-acting piston cylinder, including a cylinder body, a piston and a piston rod. The piston is located in the cylinder body. One end of the piston rod is connected to the piston and the other end is connected to the steering component of the engineering machinery. The cylinder body is provided with two oil ports that are connected to the first oil passage (L1). The oil in the first oil passage (L1) alternately drives the piston to extend and retract the piston rod.

3. The steering hydraulic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steering control assembly (3) includes a steering wheel, a steering shaft and a connecting gear. The steering gear (2) is provided with a mating gear that cooperates with the connecting gear. Rotating the steering wheel can drive the steering gear (2).

4. The steering hydraulic system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The steering gear (2) is also provided with a steering shaft and a valve core that are connected to the cooperating gear. The steering shaft and the valve core rotate synchronously with the cooperating gear. The valve core can control the connection between the first oil circuit (L1) and the second oil circuit (L2).

5. The steering hydraulic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second oil circuit (L2) is also equipped with a pressure sensor (7) and a solenoid valve (6). The pressure sensor (7) can monitor the hydraulic data of the second oil circuit (L2), and the solenoid valve (6) is selectively connected to the oil supply assembly (4). When the hydraulic pressure in the second oil circuit (L2) is too high, the solenoid valve (6) is connected to the oil supply assembly (4); When the hydraulic pressure of the second oil circuit (L2) is normal, the solenoid valve (6) is not connected to the oil supply component (4).

6. The steering hydraulic system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The oil supply assembly (4) includes an oil tank (401), an oil supply pump and a priority valve (402). The oil tank (401) is selectively connected to the solenoid valve (6), the oil supply pump is connected to the priority valve (402), and the priority valve (402) is connected to the steering gear (2).

7. The steering hydraulic system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The priority valve (402) can adjust the amount of oil in the oil supply assembly (4) to increase or decrease the hydraulic pressure of the first oil circuit (L1) and / or the second oil circuit (L2).

8. The steering hydraulic system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The priority valve (402) is provided with a first damping orifice (8), which can reduce the oil flow rate and reduce the oil flow velocity in the priority valve (402).

9. The steering hydraulic system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second oil passage (L2) is also provided with a second damping orifice (9). The second damping orifice (9) is located between the one-way valve (5) and the priority valve (402). The second damping orifice (9) can cooperate with the first damping orifice (8) to reduce the oil flow rate of the second oil passage (L2) and reduce the oil flow velocity of the second oil passage (L2).

10. An engineering machinery, characterized in that, The steering hydraulic system device includes any one of claims 1 to 9.

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