A multi-stage heat pump heating system

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of energy management, and particularly relates to a multi-stage heat pump heating system. The heating system comprises a weather service module, a heat pump control module, a heat meter module and a heat pump module, the output ends of the weather service module and the heat meter module are in communication connection with the heat pump control module, and the heat pump module is in bidirectional communication connection with the heat pump control module; one end of the heat pump module is in communication with a circulating pump and a user return water pipe through pipelines in sequence, and the other end is in communication with the heat meter module and a user outlet water pipe through pipelines in sequence. The weather service module and the heat meter module are integrated in the application, and environment meteorological data and actual heat demand on the user side are accurately obtained, heat load is taken as a core control target, traditional single temperature control is replaced, imbalance between supply and demand is avoided, and heating stability is ensured. The multi-stage heat pump is cooperatively regulated by relying on the heat pump control module, accurate matching between operating parameters on the heat supply side and the user side is realized, and the working condition contradiction between'small temperature difference and large flow' and 'large temperature difference and small flow' is fundamentally solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of energy management technology, specifically relating to a multi-stage heat pump heating system. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional heating models centered on fossil fuels suffer from low energy efficiency and high carbon emission intensity, fundamentally contradicting dual-carbon goals. Furthermore, the addition of new centralized heating capacity is strictly controlled, posing a serious challenge to their sustainability. Air source heat pump (ASHP) technology, with its advantages of absorbing low-grade heat energy from the air and consuming minimal electricity to output high-grade heating energy, boasts zero carbon emissions, a high coefficient of performance (COP), and stable operation, making it a preferred alternative to traditional fossil fuel heating. In small and medium-sized boiler room replacement and renovation projects, the centralized operation of multiple air source heat pump units, due to its flexible load matching and improved operational stability, has gradually become the mainstream application in the industry.

[0003] However, this mainstream application model faces a core technical bottleneck in the retrofitting of existing heating systems—the mismatch between the operating parameters of the air source heat pump equipment and the existing heating system. To ensure efficient heat exchange and avoid localized overheating, the condenser of the air source heat pump unit is designed for "small temperature difference (ΔT≈5℃), large flow rate." However, many existing buildings (especially older buildings using cast iron radiators) require user-side systems with "large temperature difference (ΔT≥10~15℃), small flow rate" to meet heating load demands due to their smaller heat dissipation area. This difference in operating conditions directly leads to irreconcilable operational contradictions: when matching the system to the heat pump's rated flow rate, the temperature difference between the unit's inlet and outlet water cannot meet the user-side's large temperature difference requirement, resulting in poor heating performance; when forcing the system to meet the large temperature difference requirement, the flow rate through the heat pump is far lower than the rated value, causing a sharp drop in heating efficiency, triggering high-pressure protection, and frequent compressor start-stops, severely affecting the unit's stability and service life.

[0004] The aforementioned parameter mismatch has become a key obstacle restricting the large-scale promotion of air source heat pump technology in the renovation of existing building heating systems. This not only fails to fully realize its energy-saving and environmental advantages but may also lead to system malfunctions and increased maintenance costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a technical solution that can effectively coordinate the operating parameters of the heat pump unit and the existing heating system, balancing efficient unit operation with user-side heating effects, to overcome the current technical difficulties and promote the widespread application of clean heating technologies under the dual carbon objectives. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a multi-stage heat pump heating system that effectively coordinates the operating parameters of the heat pump unit with the existing heating system, and takes into account both the efficient operation of the unit and the heating effect on the user side.

[0006] The embodiments of this application can be implemented through the following technical solutions: A multi-stage heat pump heating system includes a weather service module, a heat pump control module, a heat meter module, and a heat pump module. The output terminals of the weather service module and the heat meter module are communicatively connected to the heat pump control module, and the heat pump module and the heat pump control module are bidirectionally communicatively connected. One end of the heat pump module is connected to the circulating pump and the user's return water pipe in sequence via a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the heat meter module and the user's outlet water pipe in sequence via a pipeline.

[0007] Furthermore, the heat pump module includes a heat pump group control unit and a multi-stage heat pump that is communicatively connected to the heat pump group control unit. The heat pump group control unit is also communicatively connected to the heat pump control module and the heat pumps. The multi-stage heat pumps are connected in series between the heat meter module and the circulation pump.

[0008] Preferably, the temperature of the heat pump is set to a uniform upper limit.

[0009] Furthermore, the temperature of the multi-stage heat pump gradually increases in the direction away from the circulating pump.

[0010] Furthermore, the heat pump includes a primary heat pump, a secondary heat pump, and a tertiary heat pump.

[0011] Preferably, a dirt remover is installed on the user's return water pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a balancing valve is provided between the user's water outlet pipe and the user's water return pipe.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a water replenishment tank, which is connected to the circulation pump inlet pipe of the circulation pump via a water replenishment pump.

[0014] Preferably, an inlet water pressure sensor is installed on the user's outlet water pipe, and a return water pressure sensor is installed on the user's return water pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the heat pump control module includes a data acquisition unit, a load prediction unit, a load compensation unit, and a regulation unit.

[0016] The multi-stage heat pump heating system provided by the embodiments of this application has at least the following beneficial effects: This application integrates a weather service module and a heat meter module to accurately acquire environmental meteorological data and actual heat demand data on the user side. It then uses the heat load of the heating target as the core control target, completely replacing the traditional heating method that uses temperature as the sole control target. This effectively avoids the supply-demand imbalance caused by temperature control and further ensures a stable and reliable heating effect. Simultaneously, relying on the collaborative control capability of the heat pump control module, it links the operating status of multiple heat pumps, achieving precise matching of operating parameters between the heat pump units on the heating side and the existing heating system on the user side. This fundamentally solves the previous contradiction between "small temperature difference, large flow rate" and "large temperature difference, small flow rate," fully leveraging the energy-saving and environmentally friendly advantages of air source heat pumps. In this application, the temperature of the heat pumps is set to a uniform upper limit. This setting method ensures that the heating output benchmark of each heat pump remains consistent, avoiding system malfunctions caused by differences in the temperature parameters of individual devices, and laying the foundation for subsequent centralized control. Specifically, the heat pump control module combines meteorological forecast data provided by the weather service module with real-time load data collected by the heat meter module. Through a built-in algorithm, it accurately calculates the target heat load that a single heat pump needs to handle in the current heating scenario, and then uses this as the core basis to achieve dynamic control of the entire multi-stage heat pump series system. During the startup phase, all heat pumps operate at full load and rated power immediately upon startup, quickly responding to heating demands, shortening system heating time, and efficiently compensating for user-side heat load gaps. When the total actual heat output of the system reaches the target heat load, there is no need to adjust the operating parameters of individual heat pumps; simply pausing some heat pumps is sufficient to accurately match the load demand and avoid energy waste. Compared to the traditional multi-stage heat pump system's step-by-step start-up and unit-by-unit parameter adjustment control method, the control logic of this application does not require complex staged start-up sequence design and individual device parameter calibration. Not only is the control process simpler and more intuitive with lower operational difficulty, but it also significantly improves the system's response speed to changes in heat load, effectively reducing energy loss caused by load matching lag. This results in a significant improvement in the overall operating efficiency and energy utilization efficiency of the heating system. At the same time, the unified upper temperature limit setting and the "full load start-up - on-demand shutdown" control mode can also reduce the impact of frequent equipment start-ups or parameter fluctuations on the lifespan of the heat pump unit, further optimizing system operational stability. In practical applications, the maximum operating temperature setting can be flexibly adjusted according to regional climate characteristics, user-side heat load peaks, and other factors. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage heat pump heating system according to this application.

[0018] Attached reference numerals: Weather service module 1, Heat pump control module 2, Heat meter module 3, Inlet water pressure sensor 4, Balancing valve 5, Return water pressure sensor 6, Heat pump group control unit 7, Primary heat pump 8, Secondary heat pump 9, Tertiary heat pump 10, Circulation pump 11, Stain remover 12, Circulation pump inlet pipe 13, Water replenishment tank 14, Water replenishment pump 15, User outlet pipe 16, User return pipe 17, Circulation pump outlet pipe 18, Primary outlet pipe 19, Secondary outlet pipe 20, Tertiary outlet pipe 21. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present application will now be further described based on preferred embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] The vocabulary used in this specification is for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium; or they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application.

[0021] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this application, various components on the drawings have been enlarged or reduced for ease of understanding, but this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] This application provides a multi-stage heat pump heating system. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage heat pump heating system (hereinafter referred to as: the heating system) according to this application, as shown below. Figure 1As shown, the heating system includes a weather service module 1, a heat pump control module 2, a heat meter module 3, and a heat pump module. The output terminals of the weather service module 1 and the heat meter module 3 are communicatively connected to the heat pump control module 2. The heat pump module and the heat pump control module 2 are bidirectionally communicatively connected to receive control commands and provide feedback on the operating status. At the same time, one end of the heat pump module is connected to the circulation pump 11 and the user return water pipe 17 in sequence through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the heat meter module 3 and the user outlet water pipe 16 in sequence through a pipeline, forming a complete heating circulation pipeline. This application integrates weather service module 1 and heat meter module 3 to accurately acquire environmental meteorological data and actual heat demand data on the user side. It then uses the heat load of the heating target as the core control target, completely replacing the traditional heating method that uses temperature as the sole control target. This effectively avoids the supply-demand imbalance caused by temperature control and further ensures a stable and reliable heating effect. Simultaneously, relying on the coordinated regulation capability of heat pump control module 2, it links the operating status of multiple heat pumps, achieving precise matching of operating parameters between the heat pump unit on the heating side and the existing heating system on the user side. This fundamentally solves the previous contradiction between "small temperature difference, large flow rate" and "large temperature difference, small flow rate," fully leveraging the energy-saving and environmentally friendly advantages of air source heat pumps.

[0023] In some specific embodiments of this application, the weather service module 1 is preferably deployed in the cloud to realize remote acquisition and real-time updating of meteorological data. It transmits weather forecast data containing key parameters such as ambient temperature and humidity for a period of time to the heat pump control module 2 through mobile data networks or other wireless communication methods, providing data support for subsequent accurate calculation of heat load.

[0024] In some specific embodiments of this application, the weather service module 1 preferably transmits weather forecast information covering key meteorological parameters such as ambient temperature, humidity, and wind speed for the next 24 hours to the heat pump control module 2. The data update frequency is set to once per hour. However, in actual application scenarios, the update frequency of the weather forecast information can be flexibly adjusted according to the specific heating load demand, regional climate characteristics, and other actual conditions. This application does not impose further limitations on this.

[0025] In some specific embodiments of this application, the heat meter module 3 can collect the actual heat consumption data of the user side in real time (including key load parameters such as instantaneous heat load, cumulative heat load, supply and return water temperature difference, and circulation flow rate), and transmit the current load data to the heat pump control module 2. The heat pump control module 2 establishes a stable communication connection with the heat pump module through an industrial standard data bus (such as Modbus, CAN bus, etc.). While collecting relevant data on the overall operation of the heating system in real time (including equipment parameters such as the heating power, inlet and outlet water temperature, operating pressure, and compressor status of the heat pump unit, as well as network parameters such as the pressure and flow rate of the supply and return water network on the user side), it combines the current load data transmitted by the heat meter module 3 with the meteorological forecast data provided by the weather service module 1, and performs comprehensive analysis and calculation through the built-in control algorithm, and then outputs precise control commands to the heat pump module to realize dynamic regulation of the number of multi-stage heat pump units starting and stopping, operating frequency, heating power and other operating status.

[0026] In some specific embodiments of this application, the heat meter module 3 uses a network-specific heat meter that is adapted to the operating characteristics of the heating network and supports rapid data acquisition. This type of heat meter can collect data at a frequency of up to 8 times per second, and its metering accuracy level meets the Class II standard. It can quickly and accurately capture the dynamic changes of the user-side heat load, effectively ensuring the real-time update efficiency and data accuracy of the load data. In actual application scenarios, the appropriate heat meter type can be flexibly selected and its collection frequency and metering accuracy level can be set accordingly based on the specific needs of the heating system, such as the load fluctuation range, control response requirements, and operating condition complexity. This application does not impose strict limitations on this.

[0027] Furthermore, such as Figure 1As shown, the heat pump module includes a heat pump group control unit 7 and multiple heat pumps that are communicatively connected to the heat pump group control unit 7. The heat pump group control unit 7 is also communicatively connected to the heat pump control module 2 and the heat pumps. The multiple heat pumps are connected in series between the heat meter module 3 and the circulation pump 11. The heat pump group control unit 7 maintains real-time data interaction with the heat pump control module 2, receiving comprehensive control commands output by the module based on the fusion analysis of heat load calculation and meteorological data. Simultaneously, it establishes an independent communication link with each heat pump, synchronously collecting the operating status parameters of each heat pump (heating power, inlet and outlet water temperature, operating pressure, compressor operating frequency, fault alarm information, etc.) and feeding them back to the heat pump control module 2, forming a closed-loop control link of "command issuance - status feedback - dynamic adjustment". Furthermore, the series layout of the multiple heat pumps not only allows for centralized scheduling by the heat pump group control unit 7, but also enables flexible adjustment of the number of heat pump stages participating in operation, and single-stage operation. The output power and operating frequency of the heat pump can be dynamically adapted to the matching needs of the heating side's "small temperature difference, large flow rate" and the user side's "large temperature difference, small flow rate". It can also achieve gradient improvement and efficient transfer of heat energy through the stepped heating of multi-stage heat pumps, effectively dispersing the operating load of a single-stage heat pump and avoiding efficiency drops or failures caused by parameter mismatch. In practical application scenarios, the specific number of stages of the multi-stage heat pump, the rated power of a single heat pump, and the number of units of each stage of heat pump can be flexibly configured according to the actual situation of the total load scale of the heating system, the resistance characteristics of the pipeline network, the distribution of heat demand on the user side, and regional climate conditions. This application does not impose strict limitations on these aspects.

[0028] In some preferred embodiments of this application, the temperature of the heat pump is set to a uniform upper limit. This setting method ensures that the heating output benchmark of each heat pump remains consistent, avoiding system operation disorder caused by differences in the temperature parameters of individual devices, and laying the foundation for subsequent centralized control. In terms of specific control logic, the heat pump control module combines meteorological forecast data provided by the weather service module and real-time load data collected by the heat meter module, and uses a built-in algorithm to accurately calculate the target heat load that a single heat pump needs to bear under the current heating scenario. Based on this, the module achieves dynamic control of the entire multi-stage heat pump series system. During the start-up phase, all heat pumps work at full load and rated power immediately upon startup, which can quickly respond to heating demand, shorten the system heating time, and efficiently make up for the heat load gap on the user side. When the total heat output of the system reaches the target heat load, there is no need to adjust the operating parameters of individual heat pumps. The load demand can be accurately matched simply by pausing some heat pumps, avoiding energy waste. Compared to the traditional multi-stage heat pump system's step-by-step start-up and unit-by-unit parameter adjustment control method, the control logic of this application does not require complex staged start-up sequence design and individual device parameter calibration. Not only is the control process simpler and more intuitive with lower operational difficulty, but it also significantly improves the system's response speed to changes in heat load, effectively reducing energy loss caused by load matching lag. This results in a significant improvement in the overall operating efficiency and energy utilization efficiency of the heating system. At the same time, the unified upper temperature limit setting and the "full load start-up - on-demand shutdown" control mode can also reduce the impact of frequent equipment start-ups or parameter fluctuations on the lifespan of the heat pump unit, further optimizing system operational stability. In practical applications, the maximum operating temperature setting can be flexibly adjusted according to regional climate characteristics, user-side heat load peaks, etc. This application does not impose strict limitations on this.

[0029] Furthermore, the temperature of the multi-stage heat pump gradually increases in the direction away from the circulating pump 11. This stepped heating design further matches the heat pump unit's design characteristics of "small temperature difference, large flow rate" with the user's heating demand of "large temperature difference, small flow rate." In some specific embodiments of this application, the single heating temperature rise of each stage of the heat pump is set to 3℃~5℃. This range not only matches the efficient heat exchange conditions of the single-stage heat pump condenser, avoiding efficiency reduction or failure risks caused by excessive single temperature rise, but also achieves a total heating effect through multi-stage superposition. After the stepped heating of each stage of the heat pump, the temperature of the heating medium can be precisely raised to the target supply water temperature that meets the user's heating needs. Finally, it is delivered to the heating network and end users in the form of high-temperature hot water through the user's outlet pipe 16, ensuring that user-side equipment such as cast iron radiators can stably output sufficient heat dissipation under "large temperature difference" conditions. Meanwhile, this staged heating mode can flexibly adjust the heating amplitude and number of stages of each heat pump according to the actual heating load, changes in ambient temperature and characteristics of the pipeline network. It does not require complex calibration of the core parameters of a single heat pump, further improving the flexibility and adaptability of system control. This application does not impose strict limitations on the specific heating amplitude and number of stages.

[0030] In some specific embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1 As shown, to adapt to the common user-side heating demand of a large temperature difference of 10~15℃ and to match the stepped temperature rise design of 3℃~5℃ for each heat pump stage, the multi-stage heat pump includes a primary heat pump 8, a secondary heat pump 9, and a tertiary heat pump 10. The primary heat pump 8 serves as the starting heating unit closest to the circulation pump 11, and its output is connected to the input of the secondary heat pump 9 via a primary outlet pipe 19. The output of the secondary heat pump 9 is connected to the input of the tertiary heat pump 10 via a secondary outlet pipe 20. The output of the tertiary heat pump 10 is connected to the input of the heat meter module 3 via a tertiary outlet pipe 21, forming a sealed pipeline connection: "circulation pump → primary heat pump → secondary heat pump → tertiary heat pump". The continuous heating circulation channel of "→heat meter module→user side" ensures that the temperature of the heating medium steadily increases as it flows through each stage of the heat pump. This not only meets the high-efficiency operating conditions of a single-stage heat pump with "small temperature difference and large flow rate", but also meets the total temperature rise required by the user side through the superposition of three stages. In actual application scenarios, the number of heat pumps in series can be flexibly increased or decreased according to the total target temperature rise requirement of the heating system, the severity of regional climate, the peak heat load on the user side, the pipeline transmission distance, and other actual conditions (e.g., four or five stages of heat pumps can be added in extremely cold regions, and two stages of heat pumps can be simplified in scenarios with smaller heat loads). This application does not further limit the specific number of stages of the heat pump.

[0031] In some specific embodiments of this application, the heat pump control module 2 includes a data acquisition unit, a load forecasting unit, a load compensation unit, and a control unit. The data acquisition unit provides comprehensive and real-time basic data support for system operation, serving as a prerequisite for all subsequent decision-making calculations. The load forecasting unit predicts future heating demand based on multi-dimensional data, providing a scientific basis for advance system scheduling. The load compensation unit optimizes load allocation in conjunction with energy policies, achieving the optimal solution between balancing heating costs and heating effects. The control unit determines the scale of heat pump operation through quantitative calculations, ensuring that the system matches user-side heating demand in an efficient and stable state.

[0032] In some specific embodiments of this application, the data acquisition unit collects data covering core dimensions such as the operating status of the heating system, environmental parameters, and basic user-side information. This includes, but is not limited to, the supply and return water temperature difference, circulating water velocity and flow rate, and network operating pressure of the heating network; the user-set indoor temperature target value and actual indoor temperature feedback value; real-time outdoor ambient temperature, humidity, and other meteorological parameters; and basic data such as the user-side heating building area, heating index per unit area during the heating season, and building envelope insulation performance. This unit establishes a stable data interaction link with the heat meter module, weather service module, heat pump module, and user-side sensing equipment to achieve uninterrupted data acquisition and synchronous transmission of various types of data. This ensures data integrity, real-time performance, and accuracy, providing comprehensive and reliable data source support for load forecasting, compensation, and control.

[0033] In some specific embodiments of this application, the load forecasting unit uses multi-dimensional data acquired by the data acquisition unit as input to construct a comprehensive forecasting model based on factors affecting heat load. Specifically, it integrates basic static data such as the user-side heating building area and heating season thermal indicators verified through long-term operation, current dynamic data such as real-time outdoor temperature and indoor temperature setpoints, and meteorological forecast data such as predicted outdoor temperature and humidity for the next 24 hours provided by the weather service module. Combined with implicit parameters such as building thermal conductivity coefficient and heat loss of the building envelope, the model quantifies the impact of factors such as changes in ambient temperature and building thermal inertia on the heating load through the fusion application of thermodynamic calculation models and machine learning algorithms. Finally, it calculates the hourly load forecast values ​​for different periods in the next 24 hours, providing accurate predictive basis for the system to plan heat pump operation strategies in advance and avoid load response lag.

[0034] In some specific embodiments of this application, the load compensation unit first calculates the total amount of compensation load required for the remaining time period based on the hourly load forecast value for the next 24 hours output by the load forecast unit, combined with the actual load data accumulated by the system throughout the day. Then, it fully integrates the local peak-valley time-of-use electricity pricing policy and scientifically allocates the compensation load to the load setpoints for each time period according to the core logic of "prioritizing the use of off-peak hours, rationally allocating flat hours, and avoiding peak hours as much as possible". This reduces the overall operating cost by taking on more load during off-peak hours and ensures that the total load throughout the day meets the user's heating needs, avoiding indoor temperature fluctuations caused by load imbalance. Finally, the adjusted and accurate load setpoints are output to the control unit, providing an optimized target basis for the subsequent calculation of the number of heat pumps to be put into operation.

[0035] In some specific embodiments of this application, the control unit first obtains the rated electrical power parameters of each heat pump and retrieves the rated COP (coefficient of performance) table of the heat pump under different operating conditions. It then calculates the rated heat load output value of a single heat pump under the maximum operating temperature setting mode by reverse derivation of thermodynamic formulas. Subsequently, based on the final load setting value adjusted by the load compensation unit and combined with the rated heat load of a single heat pump, it determines the minimum number of heat pumps required to meet the current load demand.

[0036] In some preferred embodiments of this application, in order to effectively filter solid impurities such as rust, silt, and scale carried in the return water of the user-side heating pipe network, and to prevent such impurities from entering the core equipment such as the heat pump module and the circulation pump 11 and causing pipe blockage, component wear, reduced heat exchange efficiency, or malfunction shutdown, a dirt separator 12 is installed on the user return water pipe 17. Through its efficient filtration function, the return water is purified, which ensures the smooth circulation of the entire multi-stage heat pump heating system and the long-term stable operation of the core equipment.

[0037] In some preferred embodiments of this application, in order to regulate the hydraulics of the heating network and optimize the flow distribution of the supply and return water pipes, a balancing valve 5 is provided between the user outlet pipe 16 and the user return water pipe 17. The valve opening can be flexibly adjusted to offset the difference in network resistance and resolve the hydraulic imbalance caused by uneven load distribution on the user side.

[0038] In some preferred embodiments of this application, in order to ensure stable circulating water volume, maintain pipeline pressure balance, and address water loss caused by pipeline leakage, medium evaporation, etc. during operation, the heating system also includes a water replenishment tank 14. The water replenishment tank 14 is connected to the circulating pump inlet pipe 13 of the circulating pump 11 through a water replenishment pump 15. It can automatically replenish an appropriate amount of heating medium according to real-time pressure and water level feedback signals to ensure sufficient water supply at the inlet of the circulating pump 11 and avoid damage from dry running or a decrease in the heat exchange efficiency of the heat pump module due to water shortage.

[0039] In some specific embodiments of this application, one end of the circulating pump 11 is connected to the dirt remover 12 and the makeup water pump 15 through the circulating pump inlet pipe 13, and the other end is connected to the starting end of the multi-stage heat pump through the circulating pump outlet pipe 18.

[0040] In some preferred embodiments of this application, an inlet pressure sensor 4 is installed on the user outlet pipe 16, and a return pressure sensor 6 is installed on the user return pipe 17. Both can report real-time data of the inlet pressure of the supply pipe and the return pressure of the return pipe and feed them back to the heat pump control module 2. This provides reliable data support for system hydraulic balance adjustment and pressure anomaly warning (such as overpressure, low pressure and water shortage), effectively avoiding problems such as pipe network leakage, equipment damage or heat exchange efficiency reduction caused by pipe pressure imbalance, and further ensuring the stable and efficient operation of the heating system.

[0041] The specific embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. For those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made to this application without departing from the principle of this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-stage heat pump heating system, characterized in that: It includes a weather service module (1), a heat pump control module (2), a heat meter module (3), and a heat pump module. The output terminals of the weather service module (1) and the heat meter module (3) are connected to the heat pump control module (2) in communication. The heat pump module is connected to the heat pump control module (2) in bidirectional communication. One end of the heat pump module is connected to the circulating pump (11) and the user return water pipe (17) in sequence through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the heat meter module (3) and the user outlet water pipe (16) in sequence through a pipeline.

2. The multi-stage heat pump heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat pump module includes a heat pump group control unit (7) and a multi-stage heat pump that is communicatively connected to the heat pump group control unit (7). The heat pump group control unit (7) is also communicatively connected to the heat pump control module (2) and the heat pump. The multi-stage heat pump is connected in series between the heat meter module (3) and the circulation pump (11).

3. A multi-stage heat pump heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature of the heat pump is set to a uniform upper limit.

4. A multi-stage heat pump heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature of the multi-stage heat pump gradually increases in the direction away from the circulating pump (11).

5. A multi-stage heat pump heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat pump includes a primary heat pump (8), a secondary heat pump (9), and a tertiary heat pump (10).

6. A multi-stage heat pump heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dirt remover (12) is installed on the user return water pipe (17).

7. A multi-stage heat pump heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A balancing valve (5) is provided between the user outlet pipe (16) and the user return pipe (17).

8. A multi-stage heat pump heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a water replenishment tank (14), which is connected to the circulation pump inlet pipe (13) of the circulation pump (11) via a water replenishment pump (15).

9. A multi-stage heat pump heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The user outlet pipe (16) is equipped with an inlet pressure sensor (4), and the user return pipe (17) is equipped with a return pressure sensor (6).

10. A multi-stage heat pump heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat pump control module (2) includes a data acquisition unit, a load prediction unit, a load compensation unit, and a control unit.

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