Building and its ventilation system

Abstract

The utility model relates to building fire control ventilation technical field discloses a kind of building and ventilation system thereof.The application is by being set up second department wind subassembly to the inside space in the step department for air supplement to the rear side wall of house body is opened air inlet, first louver is correspondingly set in the opening of the left and right sides of step department to realize the air supplement and ventilation function of building again;Smoke exhaust pipe is set between ceiling and the top of house body, one end of smoke exhaust pipe is connected with the smoke outlet on ceiling, the other end of smoke exhaust pipe passes through the rear side wall of house body and is communicated with external passage, to exhaust smoke in building from smoke outlet to external passage, realize the smoke exhaust function of building.In addition, the ventilation system is combined with main structure in the application, avoid ventilation system to occupy too much space, make full use of the space in building, greatly improve the space utilization of building.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of building fire protection and ventilation, specifically to a building and its ventilation system. Background Technology

[0002] According to fire safety standards, when the air supply vent and smoke exhaust vent are located in the same smoke control zone, the air supply vent must be located below the lower edge of the smoke storage chamber, and the horizontal distance between it and the smoke exhaust vent must be no less than 5 meters. Cinema screening rooms have high ceilings and require large volumes of smoke exhaust and air supply, which means that the air supply vents serving these spaces can only be installed at low positions on the side or rear walls. Traditional solutions involve installing large risers or external ventilation shafts to supply air from these low positions, but this significantly occupies valuable interior space, damages the overall aesthetics of the interior design, and creates difficult-to-manage noise problems.

[0003] Existing technologies, such as Chinese patent application CN215909354U, disclose an arrangement structure for sawtooth ceilings. This structure utilizes the height difference of the ceiling itself by placing the smoke exhaust vent and the air supply vent at the high and low ends of the sawtooth ceiling, respectively, to meet the standard requirement that the smoke exhaust vent be located inside the smoke storage chamber and the air supply vent be located below the lower edge of the smoke storage chamber with a horizontal distance of not less than 5 meters. However, this solution has limited applicability, heavily relying on the specific premise of a "sawtooth ceiling," making it difficult to apply to projection halls that generally use flat ceilings. Furthermore, it is essentially still a low-level air supply system, failing to fundamentally solve inherent defects such as space occupation and poor integration of ductwork with the interior design.

[0004] Therefore, existing technologies cannot adequately resolve the prominent contradictions between the air supply system in a screening room and space, aesthetics, and noise while meeting the standards. There is an urgent need for an innovative ventilation structure that is more widely applicable, has a higher space utilization rate, and is easy to integrate with the decoration. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a building and its ventilation system that integrates the ventilation structure with the specific structure of the building, thereby improving the space utilization of the building and meeting the requirements for ventilation and smoke extraction.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a ventilation system for a building, the building including a roof, a ceiling, and a stepped section, the rear side of which is connected to the rear sidewall of the roof, the ventilation system comprising: The suspended ceiling space is located between the suspended ceiling and the top surface of the roof. The smoke exhaust vent is located on the suspended ceiling; An air inlet is located on the rear side wall of the building and is connected to the passage below the steps. A smoke exhaust pipe, one end of which passes through the rear side wall of the building and is inserted into the ceiling space and connected to the smoke exhaust outlet; the other end of the smoke exhaust pipe is connected to an external passage. The first air supply component includes: two sets of first louvers, each set corresponding to an opening on the left or right side of the stepped portion, the two sets of first louvers and the stepped portion together forming an air supply space; and The second air supply component is located at the air inlet and is used to supply air to the air supply space.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, the ventilation system further includes a smoke storage chamber located below the suspended ceiling and above the roof. The distance between the smoke storage chamber and the bottom surface of the roof is d1, and the height from the bottom surface of the suspended ceiling to the ground is H, where d1 = 1.6m + 0.1 × H.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the second air supply component includes a second louver, which is disposed at the air inlet.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the second air supply component includes an air supply fan, the air outlet of which is arranged facing the air inlet.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the second air supply component includes: an air inlet pipe and a control valve. One end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the air inlet, and the other end is connected to the roof and communicates with an external channel. The control valve is connected to the air inlet pipe.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, a fireproof plate is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the step portion.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the ventilation system further includes: an insect-proof net, wherein a plurality of insect-proof nets are respectively disposed at the openings on the left and right sides of the step, and the insect-proof nets are located inside the first louver.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the ventilation system further includes an electrically controlled valve, which is connected to two sets of the first louvers respectively.

[0014] This application also provides a building that includes a roof, a ceiling, a stair section, and a ventilation system as described above.

[0015] The building and its ventilation system provided by the above technical solution have the following advantages compared with the prior art: By opening an air inlet on the rear wall of the building and installing a second air assembly at the air inlet to supply air to the interior space of the stepped section, and by installing corresponding louvers at the openings on the left and right sides of the stepped section, the building's air supply and ventilation functions are achieved. A smoke exhaust pipe is installed between the ceiling and the top of the building, with one end connected to a smoke exhaust port on the ceiling and the other end passing through the rear wall of the building and connecting to an external passage, so that smoke inside the building can be exhausted from the smoke exhaust port to the external passage, thus achieving the building's smoke exhaust function. Furthermore, this application integrates the ventilation system with the main structure, avoiding the ventilation system occupying too much space, making full use of the building's space, and greatly improving the building's space utilization rate. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that these drawings are drawn only for the purpose of explaining the preferred embodiments and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. Furthermore, unless specifically indicated, the drawings are intended only to conceptually represent the composition or structure of the described objects and may contain exaggerated representations, and the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a side view of the building and its ventilation system according to this utility model; Figure 2 This is a rear view of the building and its ventilation system according to this utility model; The components include: 1. Main structure; 11. Roof; 111. Air inlet; 12. Ceiling; 121. Smoke exhaust outlet; 13. Step section; 14. Ceiling space; 15. Smoke storage chamber; 16. External passage; 2. Ventilation system; 21. Smoke exhaust pipe; 22. First air supply assembly; 223. First louver; 23. Second air supply assembly; 231. Second louver; 24. Electrically controlled valve. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Preferred embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that these descriptions are merely descriptive and exemplary, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] First, it should be noted that the directions such as top, bottom, upward, and downward mentioned in this article are defined relative to the directions in the various accompanying figures. They are relative concepts and therefore can change depending on their different positions and practical applications. Therefore, these or other directions should not be interpreted as restrictive terms.

[0020] It should be noted that the term "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and "a" or "an" does not exclude the plural.

[0021] Furthermore, it should be noted that any single technical feature described or implied in the embodiments herein, or any single technical feature shown or implied in the accompanying drawings, can still be combined among these technical features (or their equivalents) to obtain other embodiments of this application not directly mentioned herein.

[0022] It should also be understood that while the terms "first," "second," etc., are used in this document to describe various types of information, this information should not be limited to these terms, which are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, "first" information may also be referred to as "second" information, and similarly, "second" information may also be referred to as "first" information.

[0023] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit its scope.

[0024] Please see Figure 1-2 The present application provides a building comprising: a main structure 1 and a ventilation system 2.

[0025] The main structure 1 includes: a roof 11, a ceiling 12, and a step 13. The ventilation system 2 includes: a ceiling space 14, a smoke exhaust 121, an air inlet 111, a smoke exhaust pipe 21, a first air supply component 22, and a second air supply component 23. The ceiling 12 is located at the top of the roof 11, and a ceiling space 14 is provided between the ceiling 12 and the top surface of the roof 11. A smoke exhaust 121 is provided on the ceiling 12. The step 13 is located at the bottom of the roof 11, and the rear side of the step 13 is connected to the rear side wall of the roof 11. The height of the step 13 gradually increases from the front side to the rear side of the roof 11. A passage is provided on the step 13 that runs through its left and right sides. An air inlet 111 communicating with the passage is provided on the rear side wall of the roof 11. One end of the exhaust pipe 21 passes through the rear side wall of the roof 11 and extends into the interior of the suspended ceiling space 14, and is connected to the exhaust port 121. The other end of the exhaust pipe 21 is connected to the external channel 16. The first air supply component 22 includes two sets of first louvers 223, which are respectively arranged at the openings on the left and right sides of the step portion 13. The two sets of first louvers 223 and the step portion 13 together form an air supply space. The second air supply component 23 is located at the air inlet 111 of the step portion 13. The second air supply component 23 is used to supply air into the air supply space.

[0026] Based on the above technical solution, the building installs first louvers 223 at the openings on both sides of the step 13, opens an air inlet 111 on the back wall of the roof 11, and installs a second air supply component 23 at the air inlet 111. The second air supply component 23 supplies air to the air supply space formed by the two sets of first louvers 223 and the step 13. The airflow in the air supply space flows to the first louvers 223 on both sides to supply air into the roof 11, ensuring the air quality inside the roof 11. The building also features a smoke exhaust vent 121 on the ceiling 12, with a smoke exhaust pipe 21 connected to the external passage 16. The smoke exhaust pipe 21 is concealed within the ceiling space 14 defined by the ceiling 12 and the inner perimeter wall of the roof 11. Through the smoke exhaust pipe 21, smoke from the roof 11 can be rapidly discharged to the external passage 16, quickly removing toxic fumes in the event of a fire, ensuring safe evacuation of personnel, and maintaining stable air pressure within the roof 11 to prevent the spread of fire. All of the above ventilation systems 2 are concealed, seamlessly integrated with the main structure 1, and do not affect the overall architectural aesthetics. They also ensure effective ventilation and smoke extraction, meeting building fire safety regulations.

[0027] In some embodiments, the ventilation system 2 further includes a smoke storage chamber 15, which is located below the ceiling 12 and above the roof 11. The distance between the smoke storage chamber 15 and the bottom surface of the roof 11 is d1, and the height from the bottom surface of the ceiling 12 to the ground is H, where d1 = 1.6m + 0.1 * H. This formula is derived based on fire safety regulations and practical experience. The distance between the smoke storage chamber 15 and the building ground calculated by this formula ensures that the smoke storage chamber 15 has sufficient volume to contain fire smoke without affecting the evacuation and smoke extraction efficiency of people inside the building. The "1.6m" in the formula is a minimum value; even if the building height H is small, the bottom of the smoke storage chamber 15 must be at least 1.6m above the ground. This height ensures that adults' heads will not enter the toxic smoke layer during evacuation, avoiding the inhalation of harmful gases.

[0028] It is worth noting that the building described in this application specifically refers to highly enclosed spaces such as cinemas. Furthermore, this embodiment preferably uses a sound-absorbing and air-replenishing louver as the first louver, which has excellent noise reduction and air-replenishing performance, making it more suitable for highly enclosed spaces such as cinemas.

[0029] In some embodiments, the second air supply component 23 is a second louver 231, which is located at the air inlet 111. The second louver 231 at the air inlet 111 provides natural air supply, requiring no additional power, having low cost, and being easy to maintain. It can meet basic air supply needs and is well-suited for the daily operation of buildings such as cinemas.

[0030] During a fire, the smoke extraction system can create negative pressure inside the screening room, and natural air supply alone may not be sufficient, leading to a decrease in smoke extraction efficiency. Therefore, in some embodiments, the second air supply component 23 is an air supply fan, with its outlet facing the air inlet 111. The air supply fan can precisely adjust the air supply volume according to the smoke extraction volume to achieve a balance between smoke extraction and air supply, avoiding backflow of air due to excessive negative pressure or stagnation of smoke due to insufficient air supply. In addition, buildings such as cinema screening rooms are usually designed with strong airtightness to ensure sound insulation and air conditioning effects, making it difficult for natural air supply through the second louver 231 to enter effectively. The air supply fan can overcome spatial resistance and deliver fresh air into the building, ensuring uniform coverage of the air supply.

[0031] In some embodiments, the second make-up air assembly 23 includes an air inlet duct (not shown in the accompanying drawings) and a control valve (not shown in the accompanying drawings). One end of the air inlet duct is connected to the air inlet 111, and the other end is connected to the roof 11 and communicates with the external channel 16. The control valve is connected to the air inlet duct. The control valve can flexibly adjust the opening and closing degree of the air inlet duct according to the actual situation in buildings such as cinemas, to achieve "on-demand supply" of make-up air. For example, when the cinema is showing a movie normally, the control valve is closed to prevent external airflow (such as dust, noise, hot or cold air) from entering the hall through the air inlet 111, ensuring the airtightness and comfort of the viewing environment, while reducing air conditioning energy consumption. When a fire occurs, the control valve quickly opens the air inlet duct and adjusts the opening degree to control the make-up air speed and volume. This precisely matches the negative pressure requirements of the smoke exhaust system, avoiding excessively rapid make-up air from fueling the fire, or insufficient make-up air from causing a decrease in smoke exhaust efficiency, thus forming a highly efficient synergy between smoke exhaust and make-up air.

[0032] In some embodiments, a fireproof board (not shown in the accompanying drawings) is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the step portion 13. Cinema seats are mostly made of fabric or polyurethane foam, which burns rapidly in a fire and the flames easily spread downwards. The fireproof board has a high fire resistance rating, effectively preventing flames from burning through the wall of the step portion 13, thus preventing the fire from spreading from the seating area into the air supply space within the step portion 13. Furthermore, the fireproof board has excellent thermal insulation properties, reducing the rate of temperature rise inside the step portion 13, preventing the wall of the step portion 13 from cracking or collapsing due to high temperatures, maintaining the structural integrity of the wall, and preserving safe space for evacuation routes.

[0033] While the first louver 223 can regulate airflow and reduce noise, its large gaps make it unable to block small organisms. Therefore, in some embodiments, the ventilation system 2 further includes an insect screen, with multiple insect screens corresponding to the openings on the left and right sides of the step 13, and the insect screens located inside the first louver 223. In summer or humid environments, mosquitoes and moths can easily enter the cinema screening room through the gaps in the first louver 223, interfering with the audience's viewing experience. The insect screen can directly intercept these insects, maintaining a clean environment in the screening room. Furthermore, small animals such as rats and cockroaches may enter the air supply space through the gaps in the first louver 223, thereby entering the air intake duct or other equipment, damaging wiring and equipment components. The insect screen can block their entry path at the source, protecting equipment safety.

[0034] In some embodiments, the ventilation system 2 further includes an electrically controlled valve 24, which is connected to two sets of the first louvers 223 respectively. The two sets of first louvers 223 correspond to the left and right sides of the step 13. The electrically controlled valve 24 can control the opening and closing of each set of louvers and the degree of opening, precisely matching the needs of each area. Specifically, during movie watching, the opening of the two sets of first louvers 223 can be adjusted according to the density of people to avoid excessive local airflow or wasted energy. If a certain area of ​​the screening room (such as near the exit) needs to temporarily increase the supplementary airflow (such as ventilation after cleaning), the first louver 223 on the corresponding side can be opened separately without overall adjustment, making the operation more flexible. In addition, the core function of the first louvers 223 is to reduce the airflow noise during supplementary airflow, avoiding wind noise interference with movie watching. The electrically controlled valve 24 only controls the airflow and does not change the sound-absorbing structure of the louvers, ensuring that a low-noise state is always maintained during supplementary airflow, without affecting the acoustic environment of the hall.

[0035] In summary, the building provided in this embodiment includes a main structure 1 and a ventilation system 2. The building installs first louvers 223 at the openings on the left and right sides of the step 13, opens an air inlet 111 on the back wall of the roof 11, and installs a second air supply component 23 at the air inlet 111. The second air supply component 23 supplies air to the air supply space formed by the two sets of first louvers 223 and the step 13. The airflow in the air supply space flows to the first louvers 223 on both sides to enter the roof 11. The building also features a supplementary ventilation system to ensure airflow within the building 11. A smoke exhaust vent 121 is installed on the ceiling 12, with a smoke exhaust pipe 21 connecting to the external passage 16. The smoke exhaust pipe 21 is concealed within the ceiling space 14 defined by the ceiling 12 and the inner perimeter wall of the top of the building 11. The smoke exhaust pipe 21 allows for the rapid discharge of smoke from the building 11 to the external passage 16, quickly removing toxic fumes in the event of a fire, ensuring safe evacuation of personnel, and maintaining stable air pressure within the building 11 to prevent the spread of fire. All of the above ventilation systems 2 are concealed, seamlessly integrated with the main structure 1, and do not affect the overall architectural aesthetics. They also ensure effective ventilation and smoke extraction, meeting building fire safety regulations.

[0036] This specification discloses the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings and also enables those skilled in the art to implement the application, including making and using any device or system, employing suitable materials, and using any combination of methods. The scope of this application is defined by the claimed technical solution and includes other instances that would occur to those skilled in the art. Such other instances shall be considered to fall within the scope of protection defined by the claimed technical solution, provided that they include structural elements that are not different from the literal language of the claimed technical solution, or contain equivalent structural elements that are not substantially different from the literal language of the claimed technical solution.

Claims

1. A ventilation system for a building, the building comprising a roof, a ceiling, and a stepped section, the rear side of the stepped section being connected to the rear sidewall of the roof, characterized in that, The ventilation system includes: The suspended ceiling space is located between the suspended ceiling and the top surface of the roof. The smoke exhaust vent is located on the suspended ceiling; An air inlet is located on the rear side wall of the building and is connected to the passage below the steps. A smoke exhaust pipe, one end of which passes through the rear side wall of the building and is inserted into the ceiling space and connected to the smoke exhaust outlet, and the other end of which is connected to an external channel; The first air supply component includes: two sets of first louvers, each set corresponding to an opening on the left or right side of the stepped portion, the two sets of first louvers and the stepped portion together forming an air supply space; and The second air supply component is located at the air inlet and is used to supply air to the air supply space.

2. The ventilation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a smoke storage chamber, which is located below the suspended ceiling and above the roof. The distance between the smoke storage chamber and the bottom surface of the roof is d1, and the height from the bottom surface of the suspended ceiling to the ground is H, where d1 = 1.6m + 0.1 × H.

3. The ventilation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second air supply component includes a second louver, which is located at the air inlet.

4. The ventilation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second air supply component includes an air supply fan, the air outlet of which is positioned facing the air inlet.

5. The ventilation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second air supply component includes an air inlet pipe and a control valve. One end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the air inlet, and the other end is connected to the roof and communicates with an external channel. The control valve is connected to the air inlet pipe.

6. The ventilation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A fireproof board is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the stepped section.

7. The ventilation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Insect-proof nets are provided one-to-one at the openings on the left and right sides of the step, and the insect-proof nets are located inside the first louver.

8. The ventilation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An electrically controlled valve is connected to each of the two sets of the first louvers.

9. A building, characterized in that, Includes the roof, ceiling, steps, and ventilation system as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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