A high fluctuation load combined substation
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521324968.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-11-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-06-26
AI Technical Summary
Traditional substations are inefficient, have high losses, and occupy too much space when facing high fluctuating loads, making them difficult to adapt to the development needs of new power systems.
The high-fluctuation load combined substation adopts multiple transformers and multiple switches in an organic way, and uses a monitoring and control unit to detect load changes in real time and control the switching on or off, so as to realize the orderly cascading and flexible control of multiple transformers.
It has enabled flexible control of substation capacity, expanded the grid connection channels for new energy sources, reduced losses, and adapted to the needs of highly fluctuating loads.
Smart Images
Figure CN224935369U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of distribution substation technology, and in particular relates to a combined substation with high fluctuating load. Background Technology
[0002] With the large-scale integration of new energy sources into the distribution network, the volatility and complexity of the power grid load have increased significantly, placing higher demands on the stability and flexibility of the power system. Traditional substations generally exhibit problems such as low efficiency, high losses, and excessive space occupation when facing the challenges of high-fluctuation loads, making it difficult to adapt to the development needs of a new power system dominated by new energy sources. Utility Model Content
[0003] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, this utility model provides a combined substation with high-fluctuation load.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, one technical solution adopted by this utility model is: providing a high-fluctuation load combined substation, which includes: multiple transformers; multiple switches that connect the multiple transformers in parallel to the power distribution network; and a monitoring and control unit that is electrically connected to the multiple transformers and the multiple switches respectively, to detect the voltage and current on the low-voltage side of the substation in real time, so as to monitor the load changes on the low-voltage side, and control one or more of the multiple switches to be turned on or off according to the load changes, so as to connect one or more of the multiple transformers to the power distribution network or disconnect them from the power distribution network.
[0005] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides a high-fluctuation load combined substation, which organically combines multiple transformers and multiple switches, and adopts appropriate monitoring and control strategies to realize the orderly cascading of multiple transformers. This enables the substation capacity to be flexibly controlled according to the load changes on the low-voltage side of the substation to adapt to high-fluctuation loads, thereby expanding the channels for new energy grid connection and reducing losses. Attached Figure Description
[0006] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a specific implementation of the high-fluctuation load combined substation of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the organic combination of multiple transformers and multiple switches in this utility model. (a) is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the organic combination of multiple transformers and multiple switches when the multiple transformers are transformers of the same capacity or transformers of different capacities. (b) is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the organic combination of multiple transformers and multiple switches when the multiple transformers are transformers of different capacities without limiting the capacity difference. Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the high-fluctuation load combined substation of this utility model, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the main transformer and the auxiliary transformer installed in an upper and lower combination manner, and (b) is a connection diagram of the auxiliary transformer and the main transformer with the power grid. Detailed Implementation
[0007] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more definite definition of the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0008] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0009] The technical solution of this utility model and how it solves the above-mentioned technical problems will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. The specific embodiments described below can be combined with each other to form new embodiments. The same or similar ideas or processes described in one embodiment may not be repeated in other embodiments. The embodiments of this utility model will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a specific implementation of the high-fluctuation load combined substation of this utility model.
[0011] Figure 1 The high-fluctuation load combined substation shown includes: multiple transformers 101; multiple switches 102 that connect the multiple transformers in parallel to the power distribution network; and a monitoring and control unit 103 that is electrically connected to the multiple transformers and the multiple switches respectively, to detect the voltage and current on the low-voltage side of the substation in real time, so as to monitor the load changes on the low-voltage side, and control one or more of the multiple switches to connect or disconnect one or more of the multiple transformers to or disconnect them from the power distribution network according to the load changes.
[0012] In this specific implementation, by organically combining multiple transformers and multiple switches, and using a monitoring and control unit to detect the voltage and current signals on the low-voltage side of the substation in real time to monitor changes in load size, multiple transformers can be cascaded in an orderly manner. This allows the substation capacity to be flexibly controlled according to changes in load size, thereby expanding the channels for new energy grid connection and reducing losses.
[0013] In one specific embodiment of this utility model, the high-fluctuation load combined substation of this utility model includes: multiple transformers 101.
[0014] In this specific implementation, the multiple transformers include adjustable-capacity transformers and ordinary transformers.
[0015] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the high-fluctuation load combined substation of the present invention includes: multiple switches 102, which connect multiple transformers in parallel to the power distribution network.
[0016] In one specific embodiment of this utility model, the high-fluctuation load combined substation of this utility model includes: a monitoring and control unit 103, which is electrically connected to multiple transformers and multiple switches respectively, to detect the voltage and current on the low-voltage side of the substation in real time, so as to monitor the load changes on the low-voltage side, and control one or more of the multiple switches to be connected or disconnected according to the load changes, so as to connect one or more of the corresponding transformers to the power distribution network or disconnect them from the power distribution network.
[0017] In this specific implementation, the monitoring and control unit monitors the voltage and current on the low-voltage side of the substation in real time to monitor load changes on the low-voltage side. Then, based on the monitored load changes, it controls one or more of the multiple switches to connect or disconnect one or more of the multiple transformers to or from the distribution network, thereby dynamically increasing or decreasing the number of transformers connected to the distribution network. This makes the substation capacity flexibly controllable. The substation then connects the adjusted total current to the distribution network, which then transmits the power to the users.
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the organic combination of multiple transformers and multiple switches in this utility model.
[0019] In one specific embodiment of this utility model, when the capacities of multiple transformers are equal or the capacities of multiple transformers increase sequentially by a predetermined capacity difference, multiple switches are divided into two groups, and each group of switches is respectively set at the high-voltage end and low-voltage end of the corresponding one of the multiple transformers.
[0020] In this specific embodiment, such as Figure 2As shown in (a), multiple transformers (B1-Bn) can be transformers of the same capacity or transformers of different capacities. When the multiple transformers have different capacities, their capacities increase sequentially by a predetermined capacity difference. In this case, the multiple switches are grouped in pairs: switch K1-1 and switch K1-2 form one group, switch K2-1 and switch K2-2 form another group, and so on, with switch Kn-1 and switch Kn-2 forming a third group. Each group of switches is respectively installed at the high-voltage and low-voltage ends of one of the multiple transformers. For example, switch K1-1 is installed at the high-voltage end of transformer B1, and switch K1-2 is installed at the low-voltage end of transformer B1. Figure 2 As shown in Figure (a), the switches at the high-voltage ends of multiple transformers are K1-1, K2-1•••Kn-1, and the switches at the low-voltage ends of multiple transformers are K1-2, K2-2•••Kn-2, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The switches at the high-voltage and low-voltage ends form a high-low voltage interlocking switch, which controls the connection or disconnection of the corresponding transformer from the power distribution network. By combining the switches in pairs with the corresponding transformers in series, it is possible not only to control whether the high-voltage end of the transformer is connected to the power distribution network, but also to control whether the low-voltage end of the transformer is connected to the power distribution network, thereby controlling the connection or disconnection of each transformer from the power distribution network and avoiding circulating current.
[0021] In one specific embodiment of this utility model, the predetermined capacity difference is any multiple of less than three times the capacity of the small-capacity transformer.
[0022] In this specific embodiment, the small-capacity transformer is the transformer with the smallest capacity among multiple transformers. When the multiple transformers have different capacities, the capacities of the multiple transformers increase sequentially by a predetermined capacity difference, wherein the predetermined capacity difference is any multiple of up to three times the capacity of the transformer with the smallest capacity.
[0023] In one specific embodiment of this utility model, any multiple is any natural number from 1 to 3.
[0024] In this specific embodiment, selecting a transformer with an appropriate capacity difference based on the actual load demand helps the power distribution network operate economically and stably.
[0025] In one specific embodiment of this utility model, when each of the multiple switches is respectively set on the high-voltage end of a corresponding transformer, and the low-voltage ends of the multiple transformers are respectively connected to the power distribution network, there is no limitation on the capacity difference of the multiple transformers.
[0026] In this specific embodiment, such as Figure 2As shown in (b), multiple transformers are transformers of different capacities without limitation on capacity difference. In this case, each of the multiple switches (K1-Kn) is set on the high-voltage side of the corresponding transformer (B1-Bn), and no switch is set on the low-voltage side of the transformer. The low-voltage side of each transformer is connected to different loads. At this time, only the high-voltage side switch needs to be switched to realize the linkage of the transformers. This is especially suitable for situations with multiple loads, such as charging stations, where there are office loads that require continuous power supply and charging loads that can be intermittently powered. Figure 2 As shown in (b), the switches at the high-voltage ends of multiple transformers are K1, K2...Kn, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2. By using a series combination of a switch and a transformer, it is possible to control whether voltage is connected to the high-voltage end of the transformer, thereby controlling whether each transformer is connected to or disconnected from the power distribution network.
[0027] In one specific embodiment of this utility model, the first transformer connected to the power distribution network is a capacity-adjustable transformer, and the remaining transformers connected to the power distribution network are ordinary transformers.
[0028] In this specific embodiment, the adjustable-capacity transformer is a new type of energy-saving transformer, generally having two capacities, large and small, which can be switched according to the load size. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the first transformer connected to the distribution network is a variable-capacity transformer (B1), and the remaining transformers connected to the distribution network can be ordinary transformers (B2-Bn). By using a variable-capacity transformer as the first transformer connected to the distribution network, the power consumption under light load conditions can be reduced.
[0029] In one specific embodiment of this utility model, when the load on the low-voltage side is under light load, the capacity of the regulating transformer is switched to its small capacity.
[0030] In this specific embodiment, when the load on the low-voltage side of the substation is very small, the capacity of the regulating transformer will be switched to a small capacity state, thereby reducing the power consumption under light load.
[0031] In a specific embodiment of this utility model, the adjustable-capacity transformer adopts a 1 / 4 adjustable-capacity scheme. If the large capacity (i.e., total capacity) of the adjustable-capacity transformer is 100kVA, then the small capacity is 1 / 4 of the large capacity, i.e., 25kVA. By adopting the 1 / 4 adjustable-capacity scheme, the adjustable-capacity transformer can meet the light-load requirements and reduce the power consumption of the substation when it is under light load.
[0032] In one specific embodiment of this utility model, the process of controlling one or more of a plurality of switches to be turned on or off according to load changes, so as to connect one or more of a plurality of transformers to or disconnect them from the power distribution network, includes: as the load on the low-voltage side continues to increase, connecting the plurality of transformers to the power distribution network in sequence; and as the load on the low-voltage side continues to decrease, disconnecting the plurality of transformers from the power distribution network in sequence.
[0033] In this specific embodiment, multiple transformers are sequentially connected to or disconnected from the power distribution network according to load changes, thereby enabling flexible control of the substation capacity based on load changes and reducing power consumption.
[0034] In one specific embodiment of this utility model, when the monitoring and control unit detects that the load on the low-voltage side of the substation is continuously increasing, the first transformer among the multiple transformers to be connected to the power distribution network is a small-capacity transformer, and when the load on the low-voltage side is continuously decreasing, the last small-capacity transformer is disconnected from the power distribution network. The small-capacity transformer is the transformer with the smallest capacity among the multiple transformers.
[0035] Specifically, when the low-voltage side load of the substation is very small, only the regulating transformer is connected to the grid and operates at a small capacity to ensure uninterrupted operation of loads such as communication, monitoring, and lighting. When the load increases to 120% of the capacity of the transformers connected to the grid, the regulating transformer will automatically adjust to a large capacity state. When the load continues to increase to 120% of the capacity of the transformers connected to the grid, the monitoring and control unit automatically connects the second transformer to the distribution network, and so on, until the last transformer is also connected to the distribution network. That is, the operating capacity of the transformers automatically increases as the load increases, thereby realizing the automatic increase of the substation capacity. When the load decreases to 80% of the capacity of the transformers connected to the grid, the substation can automatically adjust the operating status of multiple transformers. For example, it can first disconnect the last transformer connected to the distribution network, then disconnect the second to last transformer connected to the distribution network, gradually reducing the operating capacity of the transformers, and so on, until the first regulating transformer connected to the distribution network is also adjusted to a small capacity state or even disconnected from the distribution network. That is, the transformer capacity automatically decreases as the load decreases, thereby realizing the automatic reduction of the substation capacity. In this way, the monitoring and control strategy described above by the monitoring and control unit can make the substation capacity flexible and controllable, reduce no-load and light-load losses, and broaden the channels for new energy grid connection.
[0036] In a specific embodiment of this utility model, when multiple transformers are combined, they are arranged side by side to facilitate wiring (e.g. Figure 2As shown in (b), for example, for a substation with a rated capacity of 1000 kVA, the first transformer connected to the distribution network is set to be an adjustable 100 (25) kVA transformer, and the capacities of the remaining transformers are 200 kVA, 300 kVA, and 400 kVA respectively. According to the change of load, the on / off status of multiple switches and the size of transformer capacity change as follows: When the monitoring and control unit controls all switches to be disconnected, the transformer capacity is 0 kVA; When only the corresponding switch of the regulating transformer is closed, and the regulating transformer is operating in a small capacity state, the transformer capacity is 25 kVA. When only the corresponding switch of the regulating transformer is closed, the regulating transformer operates in a large capacity state, and the transformer capacity is 100 kVA. When the corresponding switch controlling the regulating transformer is opened and the corresponding switch controlling the second transformer is closed, the transformer capacity is 200kVA. When the corresponding switches of the control transformer and the second transformer are closed, the transformer capacity is 300kVA. When the corresponding switches of the control transformer and the third transformer are closed, the transformer capacity is 400kVA. When the corresponding switches for controlling the second and third transformers are closed, the transformer capacity is 500kVA. When the corresponding switches controlling the second and fourth transformers are closed, the transformer capacity is 600kVA. When the corresponding switches controlling the third and fourth transformers are closed, the transformer capacity is 700kVA. When the corresponding switches of the regulating transformer, the third transformer, and the fourth transformer are closed respectively, the transformer capacity is 800kVA. When the corresponding switches controlling the second, third, and fourth transformers are closed, the transformer capacity is 900 kVA. When the monitoring and control unit controls all switches to close, the transformer capacity is 1000kVA.
[0037] The transformer capacities set at each level in this utility model are merely examples and can be adjusted according to requirements in actual applications.
[0038] The process described above, which controls the on / off switching of the corresponding high and low voltage linkage switches through the monitoring and control unit, enables the transformer capacity to flexibly change with load variations: under full load, it outputs a large capacity; under light load, it adjusts to a small capacity output; and under no-load, it outputs no capacity, thus achieving low loss under light load and zero loss under no-load.
[0039] In one specific embodiment of this utility model, the plurality of transformers includes a main transformer and a secondary transformer, with one of the main transformer and the secondary transformer stacked on top of the other.
[0040] In this specific embodiment, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the high-fluctuation load combined substation of this utility model. (See diagram below.) Figure 3 As shown in (a), when multiple transformers include two transformers, a main transformer and a secondary transformer, they are installed by combining them vertically, which can effectively save floor space.
[0041] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown in Figure (a), the high-fluctuation load combined substation of this utility model includes a monitoring and control unit (1), a secondary transformer (2), a high-low voltage linkage switch (3), and a main transformer (4). The secondary transformer (2) and the main transformer (4) are installed vertically. The high-low voltage linkage switch (3) is securely installed on the top cover of the main transformer (4). The low-voltage input terminal of the high-low voltage linkage switch (3) is closely connected to the low-voltage terminal of the main transformer (4), and its high-voltage output terminal is connected to the high-voltage terminal of the main transformer (4). The monitoring and control unit (1) is installed on the main transformer (4), and the current transformer is installed on the high-voltage input terminal of the high-low voltage linkage switch (3). Voltage and current information are read from the meter through RS485 communication.
[0042] In one specific embodiment of this utility model, one of the main transformer and the secondary transformer is a capacity-adjusting transformer, which is directly connected to the power distribution network.
[0043] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown in (b), the secondary transformer (2) is a regulating transformer. The high-voltage end of the secondary transformer (2) is connected to the high-voltage input end of the high-low voltage linkage switch (3) and connected to the power grid. The low-voltage end of the secondary transformer (2) is connected to the low-voltage output end of the high-low voltage linkage switch (3) and connected to the power distribution network. The regulating transformer is directly connected to the power distribution network without going through the high-low voltage linkage switch, thereby reducing the switching control logic and facilitating continuous power supply.
[0044] In one specific embodiment of this utility model, when the load on the low-voltage side exceeds a predetermined proportion of the secondary transformer's capacity, the monitoring and control unit controls the switch connected in series with the main transformer to close, so that the main transformer is connected to the power distribution network, thereby increasing the substation's capacity; and when the load on the low-voltage side is lower than the secondary transformer's capacity, the monitoring and control unit controls the switch connected in series with the main transformer to open, so that the main transformer is disconnected from the power distribution network, thereby decreasing the substation's capacity.
[0045] In this specific embodiment, as shown in Figure (3), when the load exceeds a predetermined proportion of the capacity of the secondary transformer (2), the monitoring and control unit (1) issues a command to close the high-low voltage linkage switch (3), allowing the main transformer (4) to connect to the power distribution network, thereby increasing the substation capacity; when the load is lower than the capacity of the secondary transformer (2), the monitoring and control unit (1) issues a command to open the high-low voltage linkage switch (3), disconnecting the main transformer from the power distribution network, thereby reducing the substation capacity. The predetermined proportion can be 80%. By controlling the connection or disconnection of the main transformer from the power distribution network, the substation capacity can be flexibly controlled according to the load size, and power consumption can be reduced.
[0046] In a specific example of this utility model, Figure 3 The method shown is suitable for power supply modes where living and production loads are separated, especially for charging stations. In this case, the auxiliary transformer (2) is set as a single-phase transformer or a single-phase adjustable transformer to supply power to living loads (such as lighting, communication, monitoring, office, etc.), and the main transformer (4) is set as a three-phase transformer or a three-phase adjustable transformer to supply power to production loads.
[0047] In the high-fluctuation load combined substation of this utility model, multiple transformers and multiple switches are organically combined, and an appropriate monitoring and control strategy is adopted to realize the orderly cascading of multiple transformers. This enables the substation capacity to be flexibly controlled according to the load changes on the low-voltage side of the substation to adapt to high-fluctuation loads, thereby expanding the channels for new energy grid connection and reducing losses.
[0048] In the several embodiments provided by this utility model, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.
[0049] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.
[0050] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the description and drawings of this utility model, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A combined substation with high fluctuating loads, characterized in that, include: Multiple transformers; Multiple switches that electrically connect the multiple transformers in parallel to the power distribution network; The monitoring and control unit is electrically connected to the plurality of transformers and the plurality of switches respectively, and detects the voltage and current on the low-voltage side of the substation in real time to monitor the load changes on the low-voltage side. Based on the load changes, it controls one or more of the plurality of switches to be connected or disconnected, so as to connect one or more of the plurality of transformers to the power distribution network or disconnect them from the power distribution network.
2. The high-fluctuation load combined substation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of controlling one or more of the plurality of switches to be turned on or off according to the load change, so as to connect one or more of the plurality of transformers to or disconnect them from the power distribution network, includes: As the load on the low-voltage side continues to increase, the multiple transformers are sequentially connected to the power distribution network; and As the load on the low-voltage side decreases, the multiple transformers are disconnected from the power distribution network in sequence.
3. The high-fluctuation load combined substation according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the monitoring and control unit detects that the load on the low-voltage side of the substation is continuously increasing, the first transformer among the plurality of transformers to be connected to the power distribution network is a small-capacity transformer, and when the load on the low-voltage side is continuously decreasing, the last small-capacity transformer is disconnected from the power distribution network, wherein the small-capacity transformer is the transformer with the smallest capacity among the plurality of transformers.
4. The high-fluctuation load combined substation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first transformer connected to the power distribution network is a capacity-adjustable transformer.
5. The high-fluctuation load combined substation according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the capacities of the multiple transformers are equal or the capacities of the multiple transformers increase sequentially by a predetermined capacity difference, the multiple switches are grouped in pairs, and each group of switches is respectively set at the high-voltage end and low-voltage end of the corresponding one of the multiple transformers.
6. The high-fluctuation load combined substation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The predetermined capacity difference is any multiple up to three times the capacity of the small-capacity transformer.
7. The high-fluctuation load combined substation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The multiple is any natural number from 1 to 3.
8. The high-fluctuation load combined substation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of transformers includes a main transformer and a secondary transformer, one of which is stacked on top of the other.
9. The high-fluctuation load combined substation according to claim 8, characterized in that, One of the main transformer and the auxiliary transformer is a capacity-adjusting transformer, which is directly connected to the power distribution network.