Photovoltaic power generation device with telescopic structure

Abstract

The utility model is suitable for the field of vehicle-mounted photovoltaic power generation, provides a photovoltaic power generation device with telescopic structure, including installation component, photovoltaic module, driving piece, transmission assembly, limiting component, electric control unit, photovoltaic power generation unit, battery and inverter, the installation component includes mounting seat and mounting plate, the mounting seat with The mounting plate is fixedly connected, in the utility model, multistage telescopic design, fully promotes the light and power generation capacity photovoltaic module adopts "1 piece first photovoltaic board + 2 pieces second photovoltaic board + 2 pieces third photovoltaic board " symmetry multistage telescopic structure, when retraction, can closely adhere to the bearing matrix, does not occupy additional space, after unfolding, can significantly expand total light area, substantially improve light energy capture efficiency, match high -efficient photovoltaic board, can stably satisfy the parking air conditioner, vehicle-mounted refrigeration equipment, intelligent monitoring system and other high -power power demand, completely get rid of the dependence on oil power generation, effectively reduce the fuel cost of freight carrier.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of vehicle-mounted photovoltaic power generation, and in particular relates to a photovoltaic power generation device with a retractable structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing efficiency and electrification of the freight industry, the number and power of auxiliary electrical equipment on freight trucks (such as parking air conditioners, on-board refrigeration equipment, and intelligent monitoring systems) are continuously growing. Parking air conditioners, in particular, (1.5-2kW power) consume a significant amount of electricity per operation. The traditional method of relying on truck engines to drive generators not only increases fuel consumption (an extra 5-8L of fuel per day) but also easily leads to engine overload and aging. Photovoltaic power generation technology, with its advantages of "zero fuel consumption, long lifespan, and low maintenance," has become a core direction for solving the electricity needs of trucks. However, existing technologies have the following key problems, making it difficult to meet practical application requirements:

[0003] Limited and fixed light-receiving area, resulting in insufficient power generation: Existing truck photovoltaic devices mostly adopt a "single fixed photovoltaic panel" design, which can only be installed on the roof of the cab (with an area of ​​only 2-3㎡). The effective light-receiving area is fixed and small. It is impossible to adjust the light-receiving range according to the light intensity and power demand, resulting in power generation that can only meet the low-power needs such as lighting and mobile phone charging. High-power equipment such as parking air conditioners still need to rely on fuel power generation, which cannot reduce fuel costs.

[0004] Therefore, a photovoltaic power generation device with a scalable structure is needed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model embodiment is to provide a photovoltaic power generation device with a stretchable structure to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A photovoltaic power generation device with a retractable structure includes an installation component, a photovoltaic module, a drive component, a transmission component, a limiting component, an electronic control unit, a photovoltaic power generation unit, a storage battery, and an inverter. The installation component includes a mounting base and a mounting plate. The mounting base is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is fixedly connected to the first photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic module.

[0008] The photovoltaic module includes a first photovoltaic panel, two second photovoltaic panels and two third photovoltaic panels. The two second photovoltaic panels are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first photovoltaic panel, and the two third photovoltaic panels are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the two second photovoltaic panels.

[0009] The driving component is disposed inside the mounting plate, and the output end of the driving component is connected to two first movable plates of the transmission assembly. The two first movable plates are respectively fixedly connected to the two second photovoltaic panels.

[0010] The transmission assembly also includes two second movable plates and connecting rods. The first movable plate is hinged to the two connecting rods by a pin. The ends of the four connecting rods that are close to each other are hinged to the two second movable plates by pins respectively. The two second movable plates are fixedly connected to the two third photovoltaic panels respectively.

[0011] The limiting assembly includes two first telescopic rods and two second telescopic rods. The first telescopic rods are fixedly connected inside the mounting plate, and both ends of the first telescopic rods are connected to the first movable plate. The second telescopic rods are fixedly connected inside the mounting base, and both ends of the second telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the second movable plate.

[0012] The photovoltaic power generation unit is electrically connected to the photovoltaic module, the inverter is electrically connected to the photovoltaic power generation unit and the battery respectively, and the electronic control unit is electrically connected to the drive unit.

[0013] In a further technical solution, the driving component is a driving part capable of bidirectional power output, and the driving component is configured as an electric push rod.

[0014] In a further technical solution, the connecting rod of the transmission assembly is a rigid connecting member.

[0015] In a further technical solution, the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod of the limiting component are both telescopic rods, the telescopic direction of the first telescopic rod is consistent with the moving direction of the first movable plate, and the telescopic direction of the second telescopic rod is consistent with the moving direction of the second movable plate.

[0016] In a further technical solution, the first photovoltaic panel, two second photovoltaic panels, and two third photovoltaic panels of the photovoltaic module are size-adapted.

[0017] In a further technical solution, the electronic control unit includes a controller, a position detection component, and a power detection component. The position detection component is disposed on the second movable plate and electrically connected to the controller. The power detection component is electrically connected to the battery and the controller. The controller is electrically connected to the drive component.

[0018] In a further technical solution, the mounting base of the mounting assembly is provided with mounting holes, and the mounting base is detachably and fixedly connected to the bearing base by fasteners passing through the mounting holes, and the mounting plate is rigidly and fixedly connected to the mounting base.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0020] This utility model features a multi-stage telescopic design that significantly enhances both light-gathering and power generation capabilities. The photovoltaic module employs a symmetrical multi-stage telescopic structure consisting of "1 first photovoltaic panel + 2 second photovoltaic panels + 2 third photovoltaic panels." When retracted, it can closely fit the supporting substrate without occupying additional space; when extended, it can significantly expand the total light-gathering area and greatly improve light energy capture efficiency. Combined with high-efficiency photovoltaic panels, it can stably meet the high-power electricity demands of parking air conditioners, vehicle-mounted refrigeration equipment, intelligent monitoring systems, etc., completely eliminating dependence on fuel-fired power generation and effectively reducing the fuel costs of freight vehicles.

[0021] This utility model features a linkage transmission and precise drive, ensuring flexible and stable extension and retraction. The drive component is a bidirectional output type, which, together with the rigid connecting rod, forms a transmission assembly to create a synchronous transmission mechanism in which "the first movable plate drives the second photovoltaic panel + the connecting rod links the second movable plate to drive the third photovoltaic panel". The extension and retraction movements are smooth and continuous, without any deviation or jamming. The rigid connecting rod ensures lossless power transmission, and the lubrication design at the pin reduces friction, further improving the stability and service life of the structure.

[0022] This utility model features dual limiting protection to enhance structural safety. The limiting component innovatively adopts a dual protection scheme of "retractable limiting rod + electronic position detection": the retractable limiting rod directly restricts the movement range of the first and second movable plates, forming mechanical hard protection; the electronic position detection component provides real-time feedback on the extension and retraction position of the photovoltaic panel, and immediately triggers the drive to stop when the limit stroke is reached; the dual protection can effectively avoid photovoltaic panel overtravel collision and structural deformation, and even if the electronic detection component fails, the mechanical limiting can still ensure the safety of the core structure;

[0023] This utility model features a universal installation structure that enhances adaptability and ease of installation. The mounting base is detachable and connected to the load-bearing base via fasteners, ensuring a secure connection and easy disassembly. The mounting plate is rigidly fixed to the mounting base, and a buffer component is added to the bottom to cushion the bumps and vibrations during the vehicle's movement. This installation structure is compatible with various mobile vehicles such as freight trucks, RVs, and mobile cabins. The installation process is simple and efficient, and subsequent maintenance or relocation is also more convenient.

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the structural features and effects of this utility model, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention from the front view;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention viewed from below;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a partial, bottom-view, three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a modular block diagram of the entire utility model.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Photovoltaic module; 11. First photovoltaic panel; 12. Second photovoltaic panel; 13. Third photovoltaic panel; 2. Mounting assembly; 21. Mounting base; 22. Mounting plate; 3. Drive component; 4. Limiting assembly; 41. First telescopic rod; 42. Second telescopic rod; 5. Transmission assembly; 51. First movable plate; 52. Connecting rod; 53. Second movable plate; 6. Photovoltaic power generation unit; 7. Inverter; 8. Battery; 9. Electronic control unit. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0031] The specific implementation of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0032] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this utility model embodiment provides a photovoltaic power generation device with a retractable structure, including an installation component 2, a photovoltaic module 1, a drive component 3, a transmission component 5, a limiting component 4, an electronic control unit 9, a photovoltaic power generation unit 6, a storage battery 8, and an inverter 7. The installation component 2 includes a mounting base 21 and a mounting plate 22. The mounting base 21 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 22, and the mounting plate 22 is fixedly connected to the first photovoltaic panel 11 of the photovoltaic module 1.

[0033] The photovoltaic module 1 includes a first photovoltaic panel 11, two second photovoltaic panels 12 and two third photovoltaic panels 13. The two second photovoltaic panels 12 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first photovoltaic panel 11, and the two third photovoltaic panels 13 are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the two second photovoltaic panels 12.

[0034] The drive component 3 is located inside the mounting plate 22. The output end of the drive component 3 is connected to the two first movable plates 51 of the transmission assembly 5. The two first movable plates 51 are respectively fixedly connected to the two second photovoltaic panels 12.

[0035] The transmission assembly 5 also includes two second movable plates 53 and connecting rods 52. The first movable plate 51 is hinged to the two connecting rods 52 by a pin. The ends of the four connecting rods 52 that are close to each other are hinged to the two second movable plates 53 by pins respectively. The two second movable plates 53 are fixedly connected to the two third photovoltaic panels 13 respectively.

[0036] The limiting assembly 4 includes two first telescopic rods 41 and two second telescopic rods 42. The first telescopic rods 41 are fixedly connected to the mounting plate 22, and both ends of the first telescopic rods 41 are connected to the first movable plate 51. The second telescopic rods 42 are fixedly connected to the mounting base 21, and both ends of the second telescopic rods 42 are fixedly connected to the second movable plate 53.

[0037] The photovoltaic power generation unit 6 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic module 1, the inverter 7 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic power generation unit 6 and the battery 8 respectively, and the electronic control unit 9 is electrically connected to the drive unit 3.

[0038] In this embodiment, a complete integrated vehicle-mounted photovoltaic system combining "retraction-power generation-energy storage-control" is constructed, with the overall effect as follows:

[0039] Ensuring the stability of the basic installation: In the installation component 2, the mounting base 21 and the mounting plate 22 are rigidly fixed, and the mounting plate 22 is then fixed to the first photovoltaic panel 11 of the photovoltaic module 1, forming a rigid connection chain of "bearing substrate - mounting base 21 - mounting plate 22 - photovoltaic module 1", which can resist the vibration and impact of the vehicle bumpy environment, prevent the photovoltaic module 1 from loosening and shifting, and provide a stable foundation for subsequent expansion and power generation;

[0040] Multi-stage telescopic design enables flexible adjustment of light-gathering area: The photovoltaic module 1 adopts a symmetrical layout of "1 first photovoltaic panel 11 + 2 second photovoltaic panels 12 + 2 third photovoltaic panels 13", which is coordinated with the linkage of the drive component 3 and the transmission component 5. The drive component 3 drives the first movable plate 51, which in turn moves the second photovoltaic panel 12. At the same time, the first movable plate 51 pulls the second movable plate 53 through the connecting rod 52, which drives the third photovoltaic panel 13 to telescopically extend and retract, realizing the switching of "contracting to fit the substrate and expanding the area", which solves the problem of limited light-gathering area of ​​traditional fixed photovoltaic panels.

[0041] Dual safety and intelligent control: The first telescopic rod 41 and the second telescopic rod 42 of the limit component 4 respectively limit the movement range of the first movable plate 51 and the second movable plate 53 to prevent the photovoltaic module 1 from overtraveling and colliding; the electronic control unit 9 controls the start and stop of the drive component 3, and works in coordination with the circuit of the photovoltaic power generation unit 6, the battery 8 and the inverter 7. The electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic module 1 is processed by the photovoltaic power generation unit 6 and converted by the inverter 7, and can be directly supplied to the power supply or stored in the battery 8, forming a complete "photovoltaic energy-electrical energy-energy storage" link to meet the high power demand of the vehicle.

[0042] Specifically, the drive component 3 is a drive unit that can output power in both directions, and the drive component 3 is set as an electric push rod.

[0043] In this embodiment, synchronous telescopic ensures structural stability: the bidirectional output end of the electric push rod can transmit power to both sides simultaneously, and connect to the two first movable plates 51 of the transmission component 5 respectively, ensuring that the two first movable plates 51 move symmetrically along the central axis of the mounting plate 22, thereby driving the second photovoltaic panels 12 on both sides to expand or contract synchronously, avoiding the photovoltaic component 1 from shifting or jamming due to uneven power on one side, and ensuring smooth and continuous telescopic action.

[0044] Power adapted to vehicle scenarios: The electric push rod has stable thrust output and controllable stroke. It can match the power parameters according to the size and weight of the photovoltaic module 1. It can not only push multiple second photovoltaic panels 12 and third photovoltaic panels 13 to unfold smoothly, but also precisely control the speed when retracting to avoid collision between the second photovoltaic panels 12 and third photovoltaic panels 13 and the installation module 2 due to inertia. At the same time, the electric push rod has low energy consumption and fast response. With the help of the electronic control unit 9, it can realize rapid start and stop, adapting to the "on-demand extension and retraction" power demand in vehicle scenarios.

[0045] Specifically, the connecting rod 52 of the transmission assembly 5 is a rigid connecting member.

[0046] In this embodiment, power is transmitted without loss: the rigid connecting rod 52 can avoid power lag or loss caused by deformation. When the first movable plate 51 moves under the drive of the driving member 3, the connecting rod 52 can accurately transmit power to the second movable plate 53, ensuring the synchronization of the movement of the second movable plate 53 and the first movable plate 51, so that the extension and retraction rhythm of the third photovoltaic panel 13 and the second photovoltaic panel 12 are consistent, and there will be no misalignment or jamming of multiple second photovoltaic panels 12 and third photovoltaic panels 13.

[0047] Bump resistance and wear resistance: Frequent bumps in the vehicle environment can easily damage flexible or easily deformable connecting parts, while rigid connecting rod 52 (such as Q235 steel) has high impact resistance and wear resistance, and can withstand vibration and repeated pushing and pulling for a long time, reducing the maintenance frequency of transmission component 5; at the same time, the rigid structure can keep the hinge points of connecting rod 52 with the first movable plate 51 and the second movable plate 53 stable, avoid the hinge loosening caused by deformation of connecting parts, and extend the service life of transmission component 5.

[0048] Specifically, the first telescopic rod 41 and the second telescopic rod 42 of the limiting component 4 are both telescopic rods. The telescopic direction of the first telescopic rod 41 is the same as the moving direction of the first movable plate 51, and the telescopic direction of the second telescopic rod 42 is the same as the moving direction of the second movable plate 53.

[0049] In this embodiment, normal extension and retraction are not hindered, ensuring smooth operation: the design of the telescopic rod allows the first telescopic rod 41 to extend or shorten synchronously with the movement of the first movable plate 51, and the second telescopic rod 42 to extend and retract synchronously with the second movable plate 53. Unlike the fixed length limiting member, it does not hinder the normal movement of the first movable plate 51 and the second movable plate 53, ensuring that the unfolding and retraction process of the photovoltaic module 1 is not interfered with by the limiting structure, and the operation is smooth and without jamming.

[0050] Precise positioning ensures structural safety: The extension direction of the first telescopic rod 41 is consistent with the movement direction of the first movable plate 51, precisely limiting the maximum movement distance of the first movable plate 51 to prevent the second photovoltaic panel 12 from colliding with the mounting plate 22 or the supporting base due to overtravel. Similarly, the second telescopic rod 42 limits the movement range of the second movable plate 53 to prevent damage to the third photovoltaic panel 13 due to overtravel. Even if the position detection component of the electronic control unit 9 malfunctions, the telescopic rods can still protect the photovoltaic module 1 and the transmission component 5 through mechanical positioning, forming a double safety protection.

[0051] Specifically, the first photovoltaic panel 11, two second photovoltaic panels 12, and two third photovoltaic panels 13 of photovoltaic module 1 are size-matched.

[0052] In this embodiment, space is saved when retracted, adapting to vehicle scenarios: size adaptation means that in the retracted state, the third photovoltaic panel 13 can be tightly attached to the outside of the second photovoltaic panel 12, and the second photovoltaic panel 12 can be attached to both sides of the first photovoltaic panel 11. Multiple first photovoltaic panels 11, second photovoltaic panels 12 and third photovoltaic panels 13 form a compact whole, without excessive gaps or protrusions due to size differences, effectively saving limited vehicle space such as the roof area of ​​a truck, and avoiding affecting the vehicle's driving or the installation of other equipment;

[0053] Unobstructed operation maximizes light-receiving area: When the first photovoltaic panel 11, the second photovoltaic panel 12, and the third photovoltaic panel 13, all of the same size, are unfolded, the gaps between the panels are uniform and there is no mutual obstruction. The light-receiving surface of each photovoltaic panel can fully receive sunlight, without any blind spots caused by a panel that is too small or overlapping and obstructing due to a panel that is too large. This ensures that the total light-receiving area is maximized, providing sufficient light energy input for the photovoltaic power generation unit 6 and increasing power generation to meet the demand for high-power electricity. At the same time, the size adaptation also facilitates the replacement and maintenance of photovoltaic panels in the future, reducing the cost of spare parts procurement and replacement.

[0054] Specifically, the electronic control unit 9 includes a controller, a position detection component, and a power detection component. The position detection component is located on the second movable plate 53 and is electrically connected to the controller. The power detection component is electrically connected to the battery 8 and the controller. The controller is electrically connected to the drive unit 3.

[0055] In this embodiment, precise sensing enables adaptive expansion and contraction: a position detection component is located on the second movable plate 53, which can collect the position signal of the second movable plate 53 in real time (reflecting the expansion and contraction state of the third photovoltaic panel 13) and transmit it to the controller; a power detection component is connected to the battery 8, which provides real-time feedback on the power status of the battery 8; the controller determines based on these two types of signals: when the battery 8 has low power and the photovoltaic panel is not deployed, it triggers the drive component 3 to drive the photovoltaic module 1 to deploy; when the power is full or the photovoltaic panel exceeds its travel range, it controls the drive component 3 to stop or retract, achieving adaptive adjustment of "expansion and contraction on demand" without manual intervention;

[0056] Collaborative control optimizes system efficiency: The controller is directly connected to the drive unit 3, which can precisely control the start, stop, forward and reverse rotation and running speed of the drive unit 3, avoiding unnecessary expansion and contraction that consumes electrical energy; at the same time, the electronic control unit 9 can indirectly link the photovoltaic power generation unit 6 and the inverter 7. When the photovoltaic module 1 is deployed, the controller can trigger the photovoltaic power generation unit 6 to start power processing, ensuring that the power generation is stably input into the battery 8 or electrical equipment, forming a closed loop of "detection-control-power generation-energy storage", which improves the operating efficiency of the entire photovoltaic system.

[0057] Specifically, the mounting base 21 of the mounting component 2 is provided with mounting holes. The mounting base 21 is detachably and fixedly connected to the bearing base by fasteners passing through the mounting holes. The mounting plate 22 is rigidly and fixedly connected to the mounting base 21.

[0058] In this embodiment, it has high adaptability and is compatible with various types of mobile carriers: the mounting base 21 is detachably connected to the carrier base (truck roof, RV roof, mobile cabin, etc.) through fasteners (such as bolts) passing through the mounting holes, without the need for destructive modification of the carrier base, and the position of the fasteners can be adjusted according to the mounting surface size of different carriers, adapting to the power consumption scenarios of various mobile carriers such as freight trucks, RVs, and field work vehicles, solving the problem of poor adaptability of traditional fixed photovoltaic devices;

[0059] Rigid fixing ensures overall structural stability: The rigid fixing of the mounting plate 22 and the mounting base 21, such as by welding or high-strength bolts, can prevent relative shaking between the mounting plate 22 and the mounting base 21 caused by vehicle bumps, thereby ensuring the stable installation position of components such as the first photovoltaic panel 11, the drive component 3, and the transmission component 5 of the photovoltaic module 1. The drive component 3 is located inside the mounting plate 22, and its rigid fixing can ensure that its power output is accurately transmitted to the transmission component 5. The photovoltaic module 1 is fixed to the mounting plate 22, which can prevent the first photovoltaic panel 11, the second photovoltaic panel 12, and the third photovoltaic panel 13 from shifting due to loose installation, affecting the light collection and extension movement. At the same time, the detachable design also facilitates the inspection, maintenance, or relocation of the device in the later stage, improving the convenience of use.

[0060] Working principle and usage process of this utility model:

[0061] The complete workflow is divided into four stages: installation and fixing, intelligent expansion and contraction control, photovoltaic power generation and energy storage, and operation protection. Each stage achieves efficient and stable operation through component collaboration, as detailed below:

[0062] Installation and fixing phase: Constructing a rigid connection foundation;

[0063] Adaptation to the support base: Place the mounting base 21 of the mounting component 2 at a preset position on the support base (such as the roof of a truck cab) so that the mounting holes of the mounting base 21 are aligned with the fixing holes of the support base.

[0064] Rigid fixing: Pass fasteners (such as bolts) through the mounting holes of the mounting base 21 and the fixing holes of the bearing base, and tighten the fasteners to the preset torque (to ensure no loosening), so as to achieve detachable fixing of the mounting base 21 and the bearing base; at this time, the mounting plate 22 is rigidly fixed to the mounting base 21, and then the first photovoltaic panel 11 of the photovoltaic module 1 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 22 to complete the rigid docking of the photovoltaic module 1 and the mounting module 2;

[0065] Circuit connection: Connect the input terminal of photovoltaic power generation unit 6 to the output terminal of photovoltaic module 1, connect the input terminal of inverter 7 to the output terminal of photovoltaic power generation unit 6, and connect the output terminal of inverter 7 to battery 8 and truck electrical equipment respectively; finally, connect the control terminal of electronic control unit 9 to drive component 3, and connect the detection terminal to position detection component and power detection component to ensure that the circuit is conductive and free from short circuits.

[0066] Intelligent telescopic control stage: multi-level linkage of transmission components;

[0067] Start-up trigger conditions: The controller of the electronic control unit 9 receives two core signals in real time: one is the battery power signal fed back by the power detection component; the other is the position signal of the second movable plate 53 fed back by the position detection component (used to determine whether the limit travel has been reached).

[0068] Deployment Process: When the controller receives the "deployment command", it sends a "forward operation signal" to the drive unit 3; the bidirectional output end of the drive unit 3 extends synchronously, driving the two first movable plates 51 to move in a direction away from the central axis of the mounting plate 22; since the first movable plates 51 are fixed to the second photovoltaic panels 12, the two second photovoltaic panels 12 expand outward synchronously with the first movable plates 51; at the same time, the first movable plates 51 push the two second movable plates 53 to move outward synchronously through the connecting rod 52, driving the two third photovoltaic panels 13 to expand with the second movable plates 53; during this process, the first telescopic rod 41 extends synchronously with the movement of the first movable plates 51, and the second telescopic rod 42 extends synchronously with the movement of the second movable plates 53, until the position detection component detects that the second movable plates 53 have reached the "deployment limit position", and sends a feedback signal to the controller. The controller immediately stops the drive unit 3, and the photovoltaic module 1 remains in the maximum deployed state;

[0069] Shrinkage process: When the controller receives a "shrinkage command", it sends a "reverse operation signal" to the drive unit 3; the bidirectional output end of the drive unit 3 retracts synchronously, driving the two first movable plates 51 to move along the direction close to the central axis of the mounting plate 22, and the two second photovoltaic panels 12 shrink inward synchronously with the first movable plates 51; at the same time, the first movable plates 51 pull the two second movable plates 53 to move inward synchronously through the connecting rod 52, and the two third photovoltaic panels 13 shrink with the second movable plates 53; until the position detection component detects that the second movable plates 53 have reached the "shrinkage limit position", the controller stops the drive unit 3, and the photovoltaic module 1 returns to the minimum volume state;

[0070] Photovoltaic power generation and energy storage stage: closed loop of power conversion and utilization;

[0071] Photovoltaic energy conversion: After the photovoltaic module 1 is unfolded, the surfaces of the first photovoltaic panel 11, the two second photovoltaic panels 12, and the two third photovoltaic panels 13 receive sunlight and convert the light energy into direct current, which is then transmitted to the photovoltaic power generation unit 6.

[0072] Power processing: Photovoltaic power generation unit 6 transmits DC power to inverter 7, which converts the DC power into AC power that meets the requirements of truck electrical equipment;

[0073] Power distribution: The AC power output from inverter 7 is divided into two paths: one path directly supplies the truck's electrical equipment (such as parking air conditioner and lighting) to meet real-time power demand; the other path charges battery 8 through the charging circuit to store excess power.

[0074] Operational protection phase: Multi-dimensional protection and safeguards;

[0075] Travel protection: The first telescopic rod 41 and the second telescopic rod 42 of the limit component 4 directly limit the movement range of the first movable plate 51 and the second movable plate 53 through their own telescopic travel. Even if the position detection component fails, it can prevent the photovoltaic panel from overtravel collision.

[0076] Structural protection: The "rigid connecting rod + rotatable connection" design of the transmission component 5 can buffer the bumps and vibrations during truck driving and reduce rigid impacts between components; the clearance fit of the photovoltaic module 1 avoids friction and wear during expansion and contraction, extending the service life of the overall structure.

[0077] The circuits, electronic components, and modules involved are all existing technologies, which can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art, and need not be elaborated upon. The content protected by this utility model does not involve any improvement to the software and methods.

[0078] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power generation device with a retractable structure, comprising an installation component (2), a photovoltaic module (1), a drive component (3), a transmission component (5), a limiting component (4), an electronic control unit (9), a photovoltaic power generation unit (6), a storage battery (8), and an inverter (7), characterized in that: The mounting assembly (2) includes a mounting base (21) and a mounting plate (22), wherein the mounting base (21) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (22), and the mounting plate (22) is fixedly connected to the first photovoltaic panel (11) of the photovoltaic module (1); The photovoltaic module (1) includes a first photovoltaic panel (11), two second photovoltaic panels (12) and two third photovoltaic panels (13). The two second photovoltaic panels (12) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first photovoltaic panel (11), and the two third photovoltaic panels (13) are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the two second photovoltaic panels (12). The driving component (3) is located inside the mounting plate (22). The output end of the driving component (3) is connected to the two first movable plates (51) of the transmission assembly (5). The two first movable plates (51) are respectively fixedly connected to the two second photovoltaic panels (12). The transmission assembly (5) further includes two second movable plates (53) and connecting rods (52). The first movable plate (51) is hinged to the two connecting rods (52) by a pin. The ends of the four connecting rods (52) that are close to each other are hinged to the two second movable plates (53) by pins respectively. The two second movable plates (53) are fixedly connected to the two third photovoltaic panels (13) respectively. The limiting component (4) includes two first telescopic rods (41) and two second telescopic rods (42). The first telescopic rods (41) are fixedly connected in the mounting plate (22), and both ends of the first telescopic rods (41) are connected to the first movable plate (51). The second telescopic rods (42) are fixedly connected in the mounting base (21), and both ends of the second telescopic rods (42) are fixedly connected to the second movable plate (53). The photovoltaic power generation unit (6) is electrically connected to the photovoltaic module (1), the inverter (7) is electrically connected to the photovoltaic power generation unit (6) and the battery (8) respectively, and the electronic control unit (9) is electrically connected to the drive unit (3).

2. A photovoltaic power generation device with a stretchable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive component (3) is a drive component that can output power in both directions, and the drive component (3) is set as an electric push rod.

3. A photovoltaic power generation device with a stretchable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod (52) of the transmission assembly (5) is a rigid connecting member.

4. A photovoltaic power generation device with a stretchable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first telescopic rod (41) and the second telescopic rod (42) of the limiting component (4) are both telescopic rods. The telescopic direction of the first telescopic rod (41) is consistent with the moving direction of the first movable plate (51), and the telescopic direction of the second telescopic rod (42) is consistent with the moving direction of the second movable plate (53).

5. A photovoltaic power generation device with a stretchable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first photovoltaic panel (11), two second photovoltaic panels (12), and two third photovoltaic panels (13) of the photovoltaic module (1) are size-matched.

6. A photovoltaic power generation device with a stretchable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic control unit (9) includes a controller, a position detection component and a power detection component. The position detection component is located on the second movable plate (53) and is electrically connected to the controller. The power detection component is electrically connected to the battery (8) and the controller. The controller is electrically connected to the drive unit (3).

7. A photovoltaic power generation device with a stretchable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base (21) of the mounting assembly (2) is provided with mounting holes. The mounting base (21) is detachably and fixedly connected to the bearing base by fasteners passing through the mounting holes. The mounting plate (22) is rigidly and fixedly connected to the mounting base (21).

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