Pungent odor composition and method for producing the same

Abstract

Detected pungent odor composition from an air conditioning system comprising: 0.0006-0.1 ppm acetaldehyde; 0.0001-0.1 ppm propionaldehyde; 0.0003-0.004 ppm n-butyraldehyde; 0.01-30 ppm toluene; 0.001-2 ppm xylene; 0.007-7 ppm methyl ethyl ketone; 0.0011-0.13 ppm ethylhexanol; 0.0002-0.31 ppm benzothiazole; and 0.0001-0.21 ppm N-phenylbenzeneamine.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION1. Field of the InventionThe present invention relates to a detected pungent odor composition and a method for producing a corresponding detected pungent odor composition.2. Description of the Prior ArtClean air is considered an essential element for human health and well-being. Two major factors leading to poor air quality in the interiors of a sealed building are: the building itself, which produces a significant amount of air pollutants which must be removed or diluted; and odor which is generated as a result of human activities.An air cooling system lowers the interior temperature and optimizes the interior climate using an air conditioning system that causes the air temperature, humidity, airflow, and air purity to change to more comfortable ambient conditions. Air cooling systems are increasingly being used to improve the life standard. Although air cooling systems have been improved in functionality over time, problems with respect to room air conditions have remained unsolved. In the past, lowering the internal temperature has been considered one of the most basic and important functions of the air cooling system. However, health related aspects such as indoor air quality and odor also play an important role at present when using air cooling systems. In particular, the object of the room air condition is unpleasant smells such as stinging, putty smell, foot smell and the like. In order to solve the odor problem, it may be necessary to analyze the odor-causing substances and recognize the main cause of the odor.Although metabolites formed from fungi and bacteria are known to be responsible for the odor from an air conditioner, it may not be known which metabolites and in what amount they are formed from fungi and bacteria. In addition, since it is unclear which compounds cause unpleasant smell, it may be necessary to recognize the kind of compounds that contribute to the punish smell from the air conditioner. K. H. Kim et al., Journal of Chromatography A, 2008, 1204, 72-80 discloses a method for evaluating the odor nuisance of a car air conditioning system with the aid of a test stand on a laboratory scale. S. Ray et al., Chemosphere, 2012, 87, 557-565, describes the effects of incineration on the elimination of the most important fragrances released from a landfill effluent treatment facility. JP 2002 174 569 A relates to a comparative gas as a model for a faulous odor. JP 2012 042 293 A discloses an indicator substance for evaluating an odor. L.C. Holcomb et al., Indoor Environments, 1995, 4, 7-26 describes the effects of indoor concentrations of volatile organic compounds on comfort, health and regulation.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONIn general, many concerns relate to various unpleasant smells from an air conditioner (for example, more than 20 kinds including muffous smell). The present invention discloses a detected pungent odor composition.In addition, the present invention also discloses a method for preparing a corresponding detected pungent odor composition. The pungent-odor composition can be used, in addition to an air conditioning system, wherever pungent odor is emitted.The present invention provides a detected pungent odor composition from an air conditioner comprising 0.0006-0.1 ppm acetaldehyde, 0.0001-0.1 ppm propionaldehyde, 0.0003-0.004 ppm n-butyraldehyde, 0.01-30 ppm toluene, 0.001-2 ppm xylene, 0.007-7 ppm methyl ethyl ketone, 0.0011-0.13 ppm ethylhexanol, 0.0002-0.31 ppm benzothiazole and 0.0001-0.21 ppm N-phenyl benzenamine.In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a detected pungent odor composition from an air conditioner, comprising mixing 0.0006-0.1 ppm acetaldehyde, 0.0001-0.1 ppm propionaldehyde, 0.0003-0.004 ppm n-butyraldehyde, 0.01-30 ppm toluene, 0.001-2 ppm xylene, 0.007-7 ppm methyl ethyl ketone, 0.0011-0.13 ppm ethylhexanol, 0.0002-0.31 ppm benzothiazole, and 0.0001-0.21 ppm N-phenylbenzenamine.Other features and aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings and claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGSThe above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will now become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are given hereinbelow by way of illustration only and thus are not limitative of the invention, and wherein: FIG. 1 is an exemplary flow diagram describing a method for analyzing the compounds that contribute to pungent odor.DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTSReference will now be made in detail to various embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described below. While the invention will be described in connection with exemplary embodiments, it will be understood that the present description is not intended to limit the invention to these exemplary embodiments. On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover not only the exemplary embodiments, but also various alternatives, modifications, equivalents and other embodiments, which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.The present invention provides a detected pungent odor composition from an air conditioner comprising acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde, toluene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, ethylhexanol, benzothiazole and N-phenylbenzenamine.The detected stinging odor composition from an air conditioner comprises:0,0006-0,1 ppm acetaldehyde; ppm acetaldehyde;0,0001-0,1 ppm of propionaldehyde;0,0003-0,004 ppm of n-butyraldehyde;0,01-30 ppm toluene; ppm;0,001-2 ppm of xylene;0,007-7 ppm of methyl ethyl ketone;0,0011-0,13 ppm ethylhexanol;0,0002-0,31 ppm benzothiazole; and0,0001-0,21 ppm N-phenylbenzenamine.In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the pungent odor composition may further comprise 2-phenyl-2-propanol.Further, a method for analyzing the compounds contributing to pungent odor from an air conditioner will be described. The method comprises the steps of (i) collecting a gas discharged from an air conditioner and (ii) analyzing the components of the gas.Further, a method for analyzing the compounds contributing to a pungent odor from an air conditioner and reproducing the pungent odor will be described. The method includes the steps of: evaluating unpleasant odour; collecting a gas emitted from an air conditioner; analyzing the constituents of the collected gas; classifying the constituents; simulating the compositions; performing a multiple test (e.g. for at least 5 panels); selecting the representative composition; and completely simulating the irritating odour composition.FIG. 1 is an exemplary flow chart describing the method for analyzing the constituents contributing to a pungent odor and reproducing the pungent odor.The stinging odour of the present invention may be from an air conditioning system in any environment including a building, a car, a van, a bus, etc. More specifically, the air conditioner may be an air conditioner used in a car, a van, or a bus.The gas in the step (ii) may include acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde, toluene, xylene, and methyl ethyl ketone. The concentration of acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde, toluene, xylene and methyl ethyl ketone contributing to the pungent odor can be measured. In addition, the concentration of one or more selected from the group consisting of acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde, toluene, xylene, and methyl ethyl ketone may be measured.The analysis of the components in step (ii) may be measured by, but is not limited to, gas chromatography / mass spectrometry (GC / MS), atomic emission detector gas chromatography (GC / AED), gas chromatography / flame ionization detection / olfactometry (GC / FID / 01factometry), or high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Representative examples of the analysis method are described below. However, the analysis method is not limited thereto.Gas ChromatographyIn gas-solid chromatography (GSC), a solid adsorption powder can be used as the stationary phase. In addition, gas-liquid chromatography (GLV) can use a liquid stationary phase which is applied to a stable support surface.A carrier gas can be supplied at a constant flow rate from a sample injector to a separation column via a pretreatment device and is discharged after passing through a detector. The pretreatment device, the sample injector, the column and the detector may be maintained at the prescribed temperatures.When a gas or liquid is supplied to the sample injector, the gas may be introduced into the column by the carrier gas, and the liquid may be introduced into the column after heating and vaporizing by the carrier gas. Based on differences in absorption or solubility, the sample constituents can be separated in the separation column and passed successively through a mass analyzer arranged at the outlet of the separation column.The time between the injection of the sample into the separation column and the clustered occurrence of a specific component contained therein after detection thereof may be referred to as a retention time, and the retention time multiplied by the flow rate of the carrier gas may be referred to as a retention volume. In the process, quality analysis can be performed because the values of retention time and volume for retention for different components may be different under the given experimental conditions. Further, quantitative analysis can be carried out because the peak area or height can be based on the amount of the corresponding component present.Electron ionization is a conventionally used ionization technique. Neutral sample molecules in the gaseous state are blasted with high-speed electrons to separate electrons and form molecular ions (cations, M +). The low energy required to generate the molecular ion (M+) from the neutral molecule (M) may be called ionization energy (IE). The ionization energy of an organic component is 8-12 eV (800-1200 kJ / mol -1). M+e - → M ++ 2 e -Among the molecular ions produced, those having high energy content may be split to form fragment ions.In order to prevent ion formation due to the reaction between the generated ion and the neutral molecule, the pressure within the ionization source should be maintained at 10 -5 Torr or lower.Electron beams produced from a filament can be accelerated to 70 eV to obtain standard mass spectra because they provide high ionization efficiency and little change in mass spectrum. Mass spectrum is the plot of the mass to charge ratio (m / z) of the molecular ions and fragment ions. The mass spectrum of the unknown sample can be compared to the stored standard mass spectra to identify the substance.Electric fields and magnetic fields may be used alone or in combination to separate the ions according to their mass-to-charge ratio. A sector field analyzer, a quad mass analyzer, an ion trap, time-of-flight, and the like can be used as the mass analyzer.High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)The HPLC method can be used to analyze nonvolatile substances difficult to analyze by gas chromatography due to their different physicochemical interactions with a stationary phase and a liquid mobile phase. This method can be used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of aldehydes in the air. Further, in the HPLC method, the target substances can be separated in the separation column due to their difference in reactivity with the stationary phase and the mobile phase.When HPLC is used for the analysis of aldehydes in air, a separation column in which a non-polar stationary phase is chemically linked to a support may be used. The separation can be carried out depending on the difference in reactivity and solubility for the mobile phase and the stationary phase. Generally, the method using a column with a non-polar stationary phase and using a relatively polar sample eluent to separate the target substances is referred to as reverse phase HPLCThe material of the conduits in the HPLC method may be stainless steel, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), glass or similar material. In general, stainless steel is preferred. Stainless steel may be advantageous because of its oxidation and corrosion resistance. Acid, however, can cause damage and contamination to the leads. Therefore, when using stainless steel, the pipes after use should be washed with distilled water.Usually, an HPLC detector capable of measuring the absorbance in the UV visible region may be used. When incident light of a certain wavelength is radiated from a light source to the sample in the cell of the UV-visible detector, it may be absorbed by the sample. The detector can generate an electric signal according to light absorption, thus permitting quantitative analysis of the sample.The method for detecting the components contributing to pungent odor will be described below. However, the application of the method is not limited to the described components.Detection of ammoniaThe ammonia concentration in the air can be measured as follows. After a phenol-sodium nitroprusside solution and a sodium hypochlorite solution are added to a sample solution to be analyzed, the ammonia can be analyzed by measuring the absorbance of the indophenols produced from the reaction with ammonia ions.Detection of methyl mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide and dimethyl disulfideThe concentration of sulfur compounds in the air can be measured as follows. After sampling with the aid of a sample container, the analysis can be carried out by cold trap capillary GC and column GC enclosed in the cold trap.Cold trap capillary GC and column GC enclosed in the cold trapThe sulfur component sample collected in the sample container may be concentrated in a cold trap apparatus kept at -183° C. or lower using a refrigerant, and analyzed by GC after desorption. The measurement method may consist of sampling, concentration and sample injection into a separation column. A flame photometric detector (FPD), a pulsed flame photometric detector (PFPD), an atomic emission detector (AED), a sulfur chemiluminescence detector (SCD), a mass spectrometer (MS), and the like, which can selectively detect traces of sulfur compounds with substantially good linearity, can be used as the detector.Electronic Apparatus for Cooling the Cold Trap Capillary GCSulfur compounds contained in the sample can be concentrated at low temperature by a cold trap, desorbed at medium temperature, and transferred into a syringe pump by the pressure of a carrier gas. Desorption may occur at medium to low temperatures (e.g., 100° C. or lower). The concentrated sample transferred to the syringe pump may be injected into the separation column and analyzed by the detector. The sample enclosed in the cold trap can likewise be thermally desorbed and injected into the separation column.Detection of triethylamineThe concentration of triethylamine in the air can be measured as follows. After sampling with the aid of an impinger and acidic filter paper, analysis can be performed by a cold trap enclosed column GC and a headspace capillary column GC.Detection of acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, n-valeraldehyde and isovaleraldehydeFor the simultaneous measurement of the concentration of acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, n-valeraldehyde and isovaleraldehyde, which contribute to unpleasant smell, 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazone (DNPH) derivatives of the aldehyde components can be formed by HPLC and GC and analyzed.Dinitrophenyl hydrazine (DNPH) column and HPLC / UVDNHP derivatives formed by reacting the carbonyl compounds with 2,4-DNHP can be extracted with an acetonitrile solution and analyzed by HPLC using a UV detector at a wavelength of 360 nm.DNPH derivatization and GCDNHP derivatives formed by reacting the carbonyl compounds with 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine (DNPH) can be extracted with an acetonitrile solution and analyzed by GC after changing the solution to ethyl acetate.HPLC ApparatusThe HPLC device for sample analysis may comprise the instrument, which may consist of a sample injector, a pump, a separation column and a detector (UV detector). The separation column may be a reverse phase (ODS) column with a non-polar adsorption coating which allows control of the mobile phase solvent according to the mixing ratio. The sample loop of the injection device may be 20-100 μl depending on the sample concentration.GC InstrumentsA capillary separation column may be used for the GC, and a flame detector (FID), a nitrogen phosphorus detector (NPD), or a mass spectrometer may be used as the detector.Detection of styreneA styrene sample can be taken locally. After sampling using a solid sorbent tube, canister or sample container, analysis can be performed by cold trap GC or solid phase microextraction (SPME)GC.Detection of toluene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, butyl acetate, styrene and isobutyl alcoholThe concentration of toluene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, butyl acetate, styrene and isobutyl alcohol, which are volatile compounds and contribute unpleasant smell, can be simultaneously measured in the air as follows.Toluene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, butyl acetate, styrene and isobutyl alcohol can be specified as unpleasant odours. The sampling can then be carried out locally. The sample collected using a solid sorbent tube can be analyzed by GC after inclusion in the cold trap and thermal desorption.Detection of propionic acid, n-butyric acid, n-valeric acid and isovaleric acidThe concentration of the organic acids in the air can be measured as follows. After sampling with the aid of an alkaline impregnated filter or by absorption of alkaline solution, the sample collected can be pretreated by the headspace method in order to evaporate the organic acid constituents. Then, the analysis is carried out by GC.The present invention further provides a method for preparing a detected pungent odor composition from an air conditioner including mixing acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde, toluene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, ethylhexanol, benzothiazole and N-phenylbenzene amine.In another embodiment of the present invention, the method of preparing a detected pungent odor composition from an air conditioner may comprise mixing 2-phenyl-2-propanol.The method for preparing a detected lancing composition from an air conditioner according to the present invention comprises mixing:0,0006-0,1 ppm acetaldehyde; ppm acetaldehyde;0,0001-0,1 ppm of propionaldehyde;0,0003-0,004 ppm of n-butyraldehyde;0,01-30 ppm toluene; ppm;0,001-2 ppm of xylene; and0,007-7 ppm of methyl ethyl ketone.The method of making a detected pungent-odor composition from an air conditioner further comprises mixing:0,0011-0,13 ppm ethylhexanol;0,0002-0,31 ppm benzothiazole; and0,0001-0,21 ppm N-phenylbenzenamine.EXAMPLESThe present invention will be described in more detail by way of Examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the scope of the invention is not limited by the examples.Example 1: Sensory Test1) Selection of Vehicle ModelAn odor sample was taken from the air conditioner of a vehicle model A.2) Sensory Test Methodi) Three out of four exhaust gases from the air conditioner were hermetically sealed.For the sensory test and gas sampling, the exhaust gas was air-tightly sealed on the left side of the driver's seat by means of a glass tube using a vinyl container.iii) The air conditioner was operated at Step 2 under indoor aeration conditions.iv) The panelist was asked to smell the sample in the glass tube and evaluate the intensity and type of odour.Table 1 describes the degree of odour loading corresponding to the intensity used as a standard in sensory testing and evaluation after preparing the mixtures for reproducing odour in Examples 3 and 4. Table 1 Table 15Stinging and intense odour4Strong odour3Faint but well-perceptible odour2Perceived but light odour1Almost imperceptible odour0No odorExample 2: Sampling Procedure1) Choice of Vehicle ModelA sample was taken from the same vehicle as in Example 1.2) Sampling Methodi) Three out of four exhaust gases from the air conditioner were hermetically sealed.ii) The exhaust gas on the left side of the driver's seat was hermetically sealed by means of a glass tube using a vinyl container.iii) The opening of a 10-1 PE sample container was connected to the glass tube.iv) The air conditioner was operated at stage 2 under indoor aeration conditions, and a sample of the gas was taken out.Example 3: Sample AnalysisThe sample taken in Example 2 was analyzed by absorption spectrophotometer, headspace gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (HS-GC / FID), gas chromatography with flame photometric detector (GC / FPD), high pressure liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector (HPLC / UV), gas chromatography / mass spectrometry (GC / MSD) and headspace gas chromatography / mass spectrometry (HS-GC / MS).Table 2 shows the result of detecting representative compounds contributing to unpleasant smell. Table 2 Table 2Sensory TestPropertyLancingLancingIntensity Intensity2-32-3Analysis of the specified offensive odor substances (unit: ppm)Ammonia5,880,82Methyl mercaptanNDNDHydrogen sulfideNDNDDimethylsulfide DimethylsulfideND0,00011Dimethyl disulfideNDNDTrimethylamineNDNDAcetaldehyde0,000660,00080StyreneNDNDPropionaldehyde0,000120,00012n-Butyraldehyde0,003640,00357n-ValeraldehydeNDNDIsovaleraldehydeNDNDToluene0,017410,02028Xylenes0,001820,00288Methyl ethyl ketone0,007070,007061) Condition #1: blower stage 2 + air conditioner for 5 minutes, GC analysis: 0.1 L / min, LC analysis: 1.0 L / min2) Condition #2: Blower stage 2 + Air conditioner for 5 minutes, GC analysis: 0.1 l / min, LC analysis: 1.0 l / minExample 4: Preparation of a Detected Pungent Odor CompositionA detected pungent odor composition was prepared by mixing ammonia, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde, toluene, xylene and methyl ethyl ketone from the ingredients described in Table 2 and further mixing the additional ingredients described in Table 3 (condition #1) or Table 4 (condition #2). Table 3 Table 3Ammonia5,8810201013,2 50,04165357 1Acetaldehyde0,0006610201013,2 51.21306E-05Propionaldehyde0,0001210201013,22,99568E-065n-Butyraldehyde0,0036410201013,2 50,00010911 6Toluene0,0174110201013,2 50,00066726 2Xylenes0,0018210201013,2 58.01962E-05Methylethylketone n0,0070710201013,2 50,00021205 2Additional IngredientsEthylhexanol0,0116610201013,2 50,00063185 9Benzothiazole0,0231610201013,2 50,00130225 9N-Phenylbenzenamine0,0138410201013,2 50,00097408 92-Phenyl-2-propanol0,0073210201013,2 50,00041478 9Table 4Table 4Ammonia0.8210201013,250,005808831Dimethylsulfide Dimethylsulfide0.0001110201013,252,76549E-06Acetaldehyde0.0008010201013,251,45677E-05Propionaldehyde0,0001210201013,252,92321E-06n-Butyraldehyde0,0035710201013,250,000106986Toluene0,0202810201013,250,000777335Xylenes0,0028810201013,250,000127183Methyl ethyl ketone0,0070610201013,250,000211633Additional IngredientsEthylhexanol0,0129910201013.250.000703398Benzothiazole0,0316610201013.250.001780577N-Phenylbenzenamine0,0213510201013.250.001502865The odor of the samples obtained from the air conditioner of Vehicle Model A under the conditions #1 and #2 was a pungent odor of intensity 2-3 as described in Table 5.The detected pungent odor composition of a combination of the aforementioned components was also a pungent odor of intensity 2-3 similar to that from the air conditioner. Table 5 Table 5Odor from a Vehicle Air Conditioning SystemIntensity Intensity2-32-3PropertyLancingLancingA pungent-odor composition prepared from detected componentsIntensity Intensity2-32-3PropertyLancingLancingNote NoteIntensity IntensitySimilarly, the following is also describedPropertySimilarly, the following is also describedThe features and advantages can be summarized as follows:(i) By the analysis method, the compounds contributing to the detected pungent odor from an air conditioner can be identified and quantified;(ii) the pungent odor can be reproduced from a combination of the compounds identified by the analytical method; and(iii) The reproduced pungent odor can provide important data for the development of an apparatus and a method for removing specific odor.

Claims

A detected air conditioner pungent odor composition comprising: 0.0006-0.1 ppm acetaldehyde; 0.0001-0.1 ppm propionaldehyde; 0.0003-0.004 ppm n-butyraldehyde; 0.01-30 ppm toluene; 0.001-2 ppm xylene; 0.007-7 ppm methyl ethyl ketone; 0.0011-0.13 ppm ethylhexanol; 0.0002-0.31 ppm benzothiazole; and 0.0001-0.21 ppm N-phenyl benzene amine.A method for preparing a detected pungent odor composition from an air conditioner, comprising: mixing 0.0006-0.1 ppm acetaldehyde; 0.0001-0.1 ppm propionaldehyde; 0.0003-0.004 ppm n-butyraldehyde; 0.01-30 ppm toluene; 0.001-2 ppm xylene; 0.007-7 ppm methyl ethyl ketone; 0.0011-0.13 ppm ethylhexanol; 0.0002-0.31 ppm benzothiazole; and 0.0001-0.21 ppm N-phenylbenzenamine.

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