Lighting device and method for producing a lighting device

Abstract

Lighting device (1, 10, 20, 40) with a light source (2, 11, 41) designed as an OLED and with a capacitive switching means (3, 12, 26, 42), which are arranged on a substrate (21), wherein the light source (2, 11, 41) has a first electrically conductive electrode (22) and a second electrically conductive electrode (23), wherein a layer (24) with organic, electroluminescent material is arranged between the first electrode (22) and the second electrode (23), wherein the switching means (3, 12, 26, 42) has an electrode (27), wherein one electrode of the first electrode (22) or the second electrode (23) of the light source (2, 11, 41) is arranged in a plane with the electrode (27) of the switching means (3, 12, 26, 42), characterized in that between the one electrode (22 or 23) of the illuminant (2,11,41) and the electrode (27) of the switching means (3,12,26,42) there is a non-conductive spacing in the plane which is between 100µm and 700µm,especially between 400µm and 600µm.

Description

Technical FieldThe invention relates to a lighting device, such as an optoelectronic lighting device according to the preamble of claim 1.Prior ArtOptoelectronic lighting devices are known, for example, from DE 103 08 514 A1, in which both lighting means embodied as an OLED and switching means are integrated in the lighting device. DE 103 08 514 A1 discloses a lighting means embodied as an OLED, which has a first conductive electrode layer and a second conductive electrode layer, wherein a layer comprising organic, electroluminescent material is arranged between the two electrode layers. The OLED formed in this way is arranged on one side of a substrate, the switching means being arranged on the same side of the substrate or on the other side of the substrate. The electrode of the switching means lying in a parallel but offset plane relative to the electrodes of the OLED causes crosstalk between the electrodes of the OLED and the switching means during actuation, which is considered undesirable because unintentional control effects result.DE 10 2010 020 256 A1 discloses an optoelectronic lighting device according to the preamble of claim 1 with a lighting means embodied as an OLED, which also has a first conductive electrode layer and a second conductive electrode layer, wherein a layer with organic, electroluminescent material is arranged between the two electrode layers. The OLED formed in this way is arranged on a substrate, wherein switching means are also arranged with their electrodes in the plane of the OLED, but these switching means are arranged laterally offset from the electrodes of the OLED.In this case, the electrode of the switching means is formed on the same plane as an electrode of the OLED, wherein the same material is also used. However, the electrode of the switching means is electrically separated from the electrode of the OLED. If the spacing of the electrode of the switching means from the electrode of the OLED is too small, crosstalk also occurs in this configuration, which adversely influences the useful signal travel which is necessary for evaluating the capacitive switching means. If the spacing between the switching means and the OLED is too large, it is true that cross-couplings can be avoided, but the assignment of the switching means as an operating element to an associated luminous surface of the OLED can no longer necessarily be detected intuitively, which means a reduction in comfort and the freedom of design of the arrangement of the switching means is also greatly restricted as a result.DE 10 2013 201 212 A1 discloses a method for operating an organic optoelectronic component.Presentation of the Invention, Object, Solution, AdvantagesIt is the object of the invention to provide a lighting device which is improved compared to the prior art and reduces or avoids negative influences between lighting means and switching means and nevertheless allows a clearly recognizable assignment between lighting means and switching means and ensures a greater freedom of design. It is also the object of the invention to provide a method for producing a lighting device.The object with respect to the lighting device is achieved with the features of claim 1.An exemplary embodiment of the invention relates to a lighting device having a lighting means embodied as an OLED and having a capacitive switching means which are arranged on a substrate, wherein the lighting means has a first electrically conductive electrode and a second electrically conductive electrode, wherein a layer comprising organic, electroluminescent material is arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the switching means has an electrode, wherein an electrode of the first electrode or the second electrode of the lighting means is arranged in a plane with the electrode of the switching means, wherein a non-conductive spacing is present in the plane between the one electrode of the lighting means and the electrode of the switching means, which spacing is between 100 μm and 700 μm, in particular between 400 μm and 600 μm. By selecting the spacing in this range, the useful stroke signal is suitably selected, so that it transitions in the transition from a region of higher gradient to a region of reduced gradient when the useful stroke signal is applied over the spacing width. In this case, the useful stroke signal of the capacitive switching means is the measurement difference between a manual actuation on the light emission surface of the lighting means and a finger actuation on the switching means. It is thereby shown that the useful stroke signal linearly increases with a first greater slope for spacing widths of less than approximately 100 μm to in particular 400 μm and linearly increases with a lower second slope for spacing widths of more than approximately 700 μm, such as in particular 600 μm. It follows from this that the spacing width of less than 100 μm to 400 μm is too small for reliable evaluation of the signals and no significant improvement is achieved any longer with spacing widths of more than 700 μm to 600 μm, because the slope is too low in this range. The thickness of the electrodes is about 100 nm to about 200 nm.It is particularly advantageous if the first electrode or the second electrode of the lighting means and the electrode of the switching means are formed as an electrode layer on the substrate. Simple production can thus be achieved if the electrodes are applied as electrode layers, because efficient methods for layer construction can be carried out.The substrate is preferably formed from glass and / or from a flexible material. Thus, the flexible material can be a plastic, for example.It is also advantageous if the first electrode or the second electrode of the lighting means and the electrode of the switching means are formed as a structured electrically conductive layer on the substrate. The structuring can already influence the later geometric configuration during the production of the layers.It is also advantageous here if the conductive layer on the substrate is a transparent electrically conductive layer, such as is in particular a transparent electrically conductive oxide layer. As a result, the emitted light can also pass through this electrode layer.It is likewise expedient if the electrically conductive layer consists of tin oxide, zinc oxide, cadmium oxide, titanium oxide, indium oxide or indium tin oxide or of another oxide compound containing zinc, tin, indium, cadmium, magnesium and / or gallium or of a mixture of oxides. These compounds are electrically conductive and in some cases also transparent or semi-transparent to light in the visible wavelength range. In addition, these materials can be well coated into thin layers by film forming techniques.It is also advantageous if the electrode of the switching means is provided with a first thin-film encapsulation on the side facing away from the substrate. Such thin-film encapsulations are also known as TFE (thin film encapsulation). These may be formed with organic or inorganic materials. In particular, such thin-film encapsulations are formed as multilayers of inorganic and / or organic materials. As a result, the material of the electrode of the switching means or the OLED material or the entire structure of the lighting device can be hermetically sealed. The organic materials have the advantage in part that they are also flexible and therefore allow a certain dynamic of the material of the lighting means and of the switching means.It is also advantageous if the electrode facing away from the substrate, i.e. not the electrode directly applied to the substrate or not the electrode of the illuminant lying closer to the substrate, is provided with a second thin-film encapsulation. The entire structure including the OLED materials can thus also be protected or encapsulated. It is advantageous if the second thin-film encapsulation covers the first thin-film encapsulation. It can also be advantageous if the two thin-film encapsulations are formed integrally or integrally with one another.It is particularly advantageous if the second thin-film encapsulation is covered by a cover. This can provide additional protection once again.It is also particularly advantageous if the region of the lighting means visible as a luminous surface is transparent, specular or matt on the surface. Suitable illumination effects can thereby be achieved. In this case, the specular appearance can be caused by the electrode facing away from the substrate. The specular surface can also be understood in the sense of a smooth surface which exhibits a partially specular effect.It is also expedient according to the concept of the invention if the region of the switching means formed as a switching region is formed on the surface to be transparent, specular or matt. Suitable effects can thus likewise be achieved in order to eliminate the visibility of the switching means with respect to the illuminated surface of the lighting means.It is furthermore advantageous if the switching region is provided with a metallic border. This can likewise serve for better optical separation of the switching means from the lighting means, so that the operator can identify the switching means more quickly and can therefore also operate it more quickly.The object with respect to the method is achieved with the features of claim 13.An exemplary embodiment of the invention relates to a method for producing a lighting device, such as in particular a lighting device according to the invention described above, wherein the lighting device is formed with a lighting means embodied as an OLED and with a capacitive switching means which are arranged on a substrate, wherein the lighting means has a first electrically conductive electrode and a second electrically conductive electrode, wherein a layer comprising organic, electroluminescent material is arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the switching means has an electrode, wherein an electrode of the first electrode or the second electrode of the lighting means is arranged with the electrode of the switching means in a plane, wherein the one electrode of the lighting means and the electrode of the switching means are applied to the substrate and are delimited from one another by a structuring step before the layers to be subsequently applied are applied.It is particularly advantageous if the delimitation results in a spacing of the electrodes in the plane with a non-conductive spacing, wherein the spacing is between 100 μm to 400 μm on the one hand and 700 μm to 600 μm on the other hand, i.e. between 100 μm and 700 μm and in particular between 400 μm and 600 μm.Further advantageous embodiments are described by the following description of the figures and by the dependent claims.Brief Description of the DrawingsThe invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of at least one exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawings. The following are shown: FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an exemplary embodiment of a lighting device, FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a further exemplary embodiment of a lighting device, FIG. 3 shows a section through an exemplary embodiment of a lighting device, FIG. 4 is a partial view of a lighting device according to the invention, FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of operating scenarios of a lighting device according to the invention, FIG. 6 shows a diagram for illustrating a profile of a useful signal swing as a function of the spacing width, and FIG. 7 shows a section through a further exemplary embodiment of a lighting device.Preferred Embodiment of the InventionFIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a lighting device 1 which has a lighting means 2 and a switching means. The lighting means 2 is configured in a planar manner and comprises the switching means 3 on three sides in the embodiment shown and thus integrates the switching means into the surface of the lighting device 1. the lighting means 2 is preferably configured in a rectangular manner with rounded corners and accommodates the switching means 3 on one of its longitudinal sides. In this exemplary embodiment, the switching means is also rectangular with rounded corners. A spacing 4 is provided between the switching means 3 and the lighting means 2, so that there is a clear separation of the two functional regions.According to the invention, both the lighting means 2 and the switching means 3 and also the course 4 of the spacing can be configured differently. The switching means 3 can also be arranged and oriented in another way relative to the lighting means 2 in the lighting device 1. It is thus also possible for the switching means 3 to be surrounded on all sides by the lighting means. A plurality of switching means 3 can also be provided, by means of which one lighting means 2 or a plurality of lighting means 2 can be actuated or actuated.FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a further exemplary embodiment of a lighting device 10, which has two lighting means 11 and two switching means 12. The two lighting means 11 are arranged adjacent to one another and are separated from one another by a non-lighting strip 13. For example, an interior lamp for an automobile can be provided which can be separately controlled right-left.The lighting means 11 are each configured in a planar manner and each comprise one of the switching means 12 on three sides in the embodiment shown and integrate the respective switching means 12 into the surface of the lighting device 1. the lighting means 11 is in turn configured substantially rectangular with partially rounded corners, wherein the two lighting means are configured symmetrically relative to the non-lighting strip 13. The respective switching means are formed substantially rectangular with rounded corners in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2. Both switching means are arranged on a common longitudinal side of the lighting device 10.Between the switching means 12 and the respective lighting means 11 a corresponding spacing 14 is again provided, which separates the lighting means 11 from the respective switching means. This achieves separation of the two functional regions of lighting means 11 and switching means 12.FIG. 3 shows a section through the layer structure of the lighting device 20. In a cutout between the OLED 25 formed in this way, a capacitive switching means 26 is arranged, which has an electrode 27 formed on the substrate 21. In this case, the electrode 27 is preferably formed from the same material as the electrode 22 of the OLED. The electrode is preferably formed as an electrically conductive layer from tin oxide, zinc oxide, cadmium oxide, titanium oxide, indium oxide or indium tin oxide or from another oxide compound containing zinc, tin, indium, cadmium, magnesium and / or gallium or from a mixture of oxides. These compounds are electrically conductive and at least partially also transparent or semi-transparent to light in the visible wavelength range.A thin film encapsulant (TFE) 28 is deposited on the electrode 27. Above this thin-film encapsulation 28, a further thin-film encapsulation 29 is provided over the further electrodes 23, said further thin-film encapsulation being covered by a covering layer 30, for example made of a glass.A spacing 31 is provided between the electrode 22 and the electrode 27, which spacing lies in the range according to the invention between 100 μm and 700 μm, in particular between 400 μm and 600 μm, so that no crosstalk occurs between the two electrodes, which could lead to disruptive effects during actuation.FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of a lighting device 40 having a lighting means 41 embodied as an OLED and having a switching means 42, wherein the lighting means 41 is separated from the switching means by a spacing 42 at the distance 43, d.With a sufficient distance 43, d, a large-area actuation of the light emission surface of the lighting means 41 according to the left-hand partial figure of FIG. 5 does not cause an undesired change in capacitance and thus no fault detection of the capacitive sensor as switching means 42 triggered thereby.FIG. 6 shows the useful stroke signal N as a function of the spacing width d. It can be seen that the useful stroke signal N increases substantially linearly in three regions, wherein it increases in a first region from d1to d2with the greatest slope S1, then increases between d2and d3with a smaller slope S2and increases between d3to approximately d4with a again smaller slope S3. The useful stroke signals N are too low for d less than d2 for good resolution and for d greater than d3 the slope S3 is so low that an increase in the spacing width does not show any further significant effect. The characteristic spacing width is substantially between 100 μm and 700 μm, in particular between 400 μm and 600 μm.FIG. 7 shows a section through the layer structure of a further exemplary embodiment of a lighting device 120. On a substrate 121, which is advantageously designed as a substrate glass, the layer structure of the OLED 125 with a first electrode 122, a second electrode 123 and a layer 124 made of an organic, electroluminescent material is arranged between the two electrodes 122, 123. A capacitive switching means 126 is arranged in a cutout between the OLED 125 formed in this way, said capacitive switching means having an electrode 127 which is formed on the substrate 121. Furthermore, a further electrode 132 is provided at a distance from the electrode 127. In a further exemplary embodiment, this can also be provided alternatively to the electrode 127.Here, the electrode 127 is preferably formed of the same material as the electrode 122 of the OLED or, further, the electrode 132 is formed of the same material as the electrode 123. The electrode 122, 123, 127, 132 is preferably formed as an electrically conductive layer from tin oxide, zinc oxide, cadmium oxide, titanium oxide, indium oxide or indium tin oxide or from another oxide compound containing zinc, tin, indium, cadmium, magnesium and / or gallium or from a mixture of oxides. These compounds are electrically conductive and at least partially also transparent or semi-transparent to light in the visible wavelength range.A thin film encapsulant (TFE) 128 is deposited on the electrode 127. The further electrode 132 is applied above this thin-film encapsulation 128, wherein a further thin-film encapsulation 129 is provided above the further electrodes 123, 132, said further thin-film encapsulation being covered by a covering layer 130, for example made of a glass.A spacing 131 is provided between the electrode 122 and the electrode 127, which is in the range according to the invention between 100 μm and 700 μm, in particular between 400 μm and 600 μm, so that no crosstalk occurs between the two electrodes 122 and 127 or 123 and 132, which could lead to disruptive effects during actuation.According to the concept of the invention, it is in particular advantageous if the substrate is formed from glass and / or from a flexible material, such as, for example, from a plastic.List of reference characters1 Lighting device 2 Lighting means 3 Switching means 4 Spacing 10 Lighting device 11 Lighting means 12 Switching means 13 Strip 14 Spacing 20 Lighting device 21 Substrate 22 Electrode 23 Electrode 24 Organic layer 25 OLED 26 Switching means 27 Electrode 28 Thin-film encapsulation 29 Thin-film encapsulation 30 Cover layer 31 Spacing 40 Lighting device 41 Lighting means 42 Switching means 43 Spacing 120 Lighting device 121 Substrate 122 Electrode 123 Electrode 124 Organic layer 125 OLED 126 Switching means 127 Electrode 128 Thin-film encapsulation 129 Thin-film encapsulation 130 Cover layer 131 Spacing 132 Electrode

Claims

Lighting device (1, 10, 20, 40) having a lighting means (2, 11, 41) designed as an OLED and having capacitive switching means (3, 12, 26, 42) which are arranged on a substrate (21), wherein the lighting means (2, 11, 41) has a first electrically conductive electrode (22) and a second electrically conductive electrode (23), wherein a layer (24) comprising organic electroluminescent material is arranged between the first electrode (22) and the second electrode (23), wherein the switching means (3, 12, 26, 42) has an electrode (27), wherein one electrode of the first electrode (22) or the second electrode (23) of the lighting means (2, 11, 41) is arranged in a plane with the electrode (27) of the switching means (3, 12, 26, 42), characterized in that, that between the one electrode (22 or 23) of the lighting means (2, 11, 41) and the electrode (27) of the switching means (3, 12, 26, 42) in the plane there is a non-conductive spacing which is between 100 μm and 700 μm, in particular between 400 μm and 600 μm.Lighting device (1, 10, 20, 40) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the first electrode (22) or the second electrode (23) of the lighting means (2, 11, 41) and the electrode (27) of the switching means (3, 12, 26, 42) are formed as an electrode layer on the substrate (21).Lighting device (1, 10, 20, 40) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first electrode (22) or the second electrode (23) of the lighting means (2, 11, 41) and the electrode (27) of the switching means (3, 12, 26, 42) are formed as a structured electrically conductive layer on the substrate (21).Lighting device (1, 10, 20, 40) according to claim 3, characterised in that the conductive layer on the substrate (21) is a transparent electrically conductive layer, such as in particular a transparent electrically conductive oxide layer and / or consists of tin oxide, zinc oxide, cadmium oxide, titanium oxide, indium oxide or indium tin oxide or of another oxide compound containing zinc, tin, indium, cadmium, magnesium and / or gallium or of a mixture of oxides.Lighting device (1, 10, 20, 40) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrode (27) of the switching means (3, 12, 26, 42) is provided with a first thin-film encapsulation (28) on the side facing away from the substrate (21).Lighting device (1, 10, 20, 40) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrode (23) of the lighting means (2, 11, 41) facing away from the substrate (21) is provided with a second thin-film encapsulation (29).Lighting device (1, 10, 20, 40) according to Claim 6, characterized in that the second thin-film encapsulation (29) covers the first thin-film encapsulation (28).Lighting device (1, 10, 20, 40) according to claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the second thin-film encapsulation (29) is covered by a cover (30).Lighting device (1, 10, 20, 40) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the region of the lighting means (2, 11, 41) visible as a lighting surface is transparent, specular or matt on the surface.Lighting device (1, 10, 20, 40) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the region of the switching means (3, 12, 26, 42) which is designed as a switching region is transparent, specular or matt on the surface.Lighting device (1, 10, 20, 40) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching region is provided with a metallic border.Lighting device (1, 10, 20, 40) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substrate (21) is formed from glass and / or from a flexible material.Method for producing a lighting device (1, 10, 20, 40) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the lighting device (1, 10, 20, 40) is formed with a lighting means (2, 11, 41) formed as an OLED and with a capacitive switching means (3, 12, 26, 42) which are arranged on a substrate (21), wherein the lighting means (2, 11, 41) has a first electrically conductive electrode (22) and a second electrically conductive electrode (23), wherein a layer (24) comprising organic electroluminescent material is arranged between the first electrode (22) and the second electrode (23), wherein the switching means (3, 12, 26, 42) has an electrode (27), wherein one electrode of the first electrode (22) or the second electrode (23) of the lighting means (2, 11, 41) is arranged in a plane with the electrode (27) of the switching means (3, 12, 26, 42), characterized in that, the one electrode (22 or 23) of the lighting means (2, 11, 41) and the electrode (27) of the switching means (3, 12, 26, 42) are applied to the substrate (21) and are delimited from one another by a structuring step before the layers to be subsequently applied are applied.Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the delimitation results in a spacing of the electrodes in the plane with a non-conductive spacing, wherein the spacing is between 400 μm and 600 μm.

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