Procedure and system for warning of a vehicle driving the wrong way
A client-server system for detecting wrong-way drivers on motorways uses preliminary vehicle detection and server verification to minimize false alarms and provide timely warnings, enhancing safety by reducing collisions.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- DE102015213538
- Authority / Receiving Office
- DE · DE
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2015-07-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-19
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-07-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for detecting wrong-way drivers on motorways are inefficient in minimizing false detections and do not provide timely warnings, especially at high speeds, leading to frequent fatal accidents.
A client-server system where a vehicle's communication device performs preliminary detection and sends data to a remote server for verification, using vehicle and server-side information to accurately determine and warn other vehicles of a wrong-way driver, utilizing sensors, GPS, and digital maps for early detection.
Minimizes false positives and ensures rapid, efficient warnings to other vehicles, reducing the risk of collisions by detecting wrong-way drivers at high speeds with high accuracy and low power consumption.
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Abstract
Description
State of the art
[0001] The invention relates to a method or a system according to the preamble of the independent claims. The present invention also relates to a computer program.
[0002] Wrong-way drivers, also known as ghost drivers, cause fatalities, injuries, and significant property damage in the event of an accident. Methods for detecting wrong-way drivers are based, for example, on the use of video sensors to detect passing a "no entry" sign, or on the use of a digital map in conjunction with navigation to detect incorrect travel on a one-way section of road. Wireless methods are also known that use infrastructure such as beams embedded in the road or at the roadside to detect wrong-way drivers.
[0003] German patent DE 10 2014 222 524 A1 discloses a method for reducing the risk of accidents caused by wrong-way drivers. For this purpose, hazard information is transmitted to a server, and the server issues warning information to vehicles traveling in the same section of road.
[0004] DE 10 2014 215 273 A1 discloses a method for controlling a motor vehicle. It describes the detection of wrong-way driving using an on-board system as well as an external system.
[0005] DE 10 2013 007 866 A1 discloses a method for driver assistance in the case of wrong-way drivers, in which a driving state of a vehicle driving in the wrong direction in a road network is transmitted to a server and in which the server determines traffic instructions specifically for vehicles that are coming towards the wrong-way vehicle on the basis of the driving state. Disclosure of the invention
[0006] Against this background, the approach presented here introduces a method for warning of a vehicle driving the wrong way, a system that uses this method, and finally a corresponding computer program according to the main claims. Advantageous further developments and improvements of the system specified in the independent claim are possible through the measures listed in the dependent claims.
[0007] Over 50% of wrong-way driving incidents begin at motorway junctions. Wrong-way driving incidents on motorways often result in accidents at high speeds, frequently leading to fatal injuries. Therefore, detecting a wrong-way driver and warning other road users in the vicinity in time is extremely critical. Despite the time-sensitive nature of the system, false detections must be minimized or completely avoided during self-warning and / or active intervention.
[0008] The concept proposed here involves an advantageous division of wrong-way driver detection between client and server. The client—in the form of a communication device assigned to a vehicle, such as a mobile device or a unit installed in the car—performs a preliminary detection to determine whether there is a risk of wrong-way driving and, if necessary, prepares or opens a communication channel with the server. In the event of an imminent wrong-way driving incident, the client sends all relevant information to the server, which then uses this data, and potentially other collected data, to determine whether a wrong-way driving incident has occurred.
[0009] The approach proposed here allows for robust detection of a vehicle traveling in the wrong direction at a particularly early stage of the journey, ideally even before a wrong-way driver – traveling at high speed and with a high probability of collision – is on the wrong lane of, for example, a federal motorway.
[0010] A procedure for warning of a vehicle driving the wrong way is presented, the procedure comprising the following steps: Reading vehicle-side wrong-way driver information about a suspected wrong-way driving of the vehicle into an external server via a vehicle-server interface between a communication device assigned to the vehicle and the external server; Comparing the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information with the vehicle-external server using at least one server-side wrong-way driver information about a suspected wrong-way driving by the vehicle to verify the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information; and Providing a wrong-way driver warning about a wrong-way journey of the vehicle to another vehicle-server interface between at least one communication device assigned to another vehicle and the vehicle-external server, if in the matching step the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information was verified as information about an actual wrong-way journey.
[0011] Wrong-way driving is defined as a vehicle traveling in the opposite direction to the permitted direction of travel on the roadway it is traversing. Wrong-way driver information can refer to data about a vehicle traveling in the wrong direction, generated within the vehicle itself, by a mobile device located in the vehicle, and / or by devices installed in the vehicle, such as sensors. The external server can be a data processing unit located remotely from the vehicle and connected to the vehicle or the mobile device located in the vehicle via a wireless connection, such as a radio link. Accordingly, the vehicle-server interface can be a wireless network interface. The communication device associated with the vehicle can be, for example, a mobile phone or tablet computer belonging to an occupant.Alternatively, a permanently installed unit can also be used as a communication device. Generally speaking, a communication device can be understood as a client.
[0012] Server-side wrong-way driver information regarding a suspected wrong-way journey by a vehicle can be understood as data about the vehicle's wrong-way driving that is generated on the server, for example, using data from other vehicles or additional databases connected to the server via interfaces. The vehicle-side wrong-way driver information can be compared with the server-side wrong-way driver information using a suitable algorithm.
[0013] A wrong-way driver warning can be a warning message about an actual wrong-way journey by a vehicle, which can be transmitted via one or more additional vehicle server interfaces to the communication devices of other vehicles in the danger zone and, if necessary, also to the wrong-way driver themselves. An additional vehicle server interface can be a wireless network interface of the server with the communication devices assigned to the other vehicles. The wrong-way driver warning can, for example, simply contain text information about the wrong-way driver with the most precise location information possible, enabling drivers of other vehicles in the danger zone to avoid the wrong-way driver and prevent a collision. Alternatively or in addition to text information, the wrong-way driver warning can also be used to, for example...Sounds may also be emitted or a connection to the emergency call center / traffic control center may be established.
[0014] This method for warning of a vehicle driving in the wrong direction can be implemented, for example, in software or hardware, or in a hybrid form of software and hardware, such as in a control unit.
[0015] According to one embodiment, the method can include a step of providing the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information about a suspected wrong-way driving of the vehicle to the vehicle-server interface via a communication device assigned to the vehicle. In this way, a radio interface of the communication device can readily be used for information transmission.
[0016] The process further includes a step of reading position information about the vehicle's location via the vehicle-server interface and determining the wrong-way driver information on the external server using this position information. This advantageously allows the wrong-way driver warning to be more specific and targeted to other vehicles already in the danger zone.
[0017] The procedure also includes, as an additional or alternative step, the determination of wrong-way driver information within the vehicle using data from vehicle sensors. These sensors can be located in the vehicle and, additionally or alternatively, in a communication device assigned to the vehicle. This advantageously allows a suspected wrong-way driving maneuver to be detected at a very early stage.
[0018] Furthermore, in the step of determining the vehicle's wrong-way driver information, sensor data from a vehicle-mounted GPS sensor and / or a vehicle-mounted inertial sensor and / or a vehicle-mounted altimeter and / or a vehicle-mounted optical sensor are used as the data from the vehicle's sensor system. This embodiment offers the advantage that devices already installed or available in the vehicle can be used to determine a suspected wrong-way driving situation, and no additional devices are required.
[0019] In the step of determining the vehicle's wrong-way driver information, this information is further determined using stored data from a digital map of the vehicle's current surroundings. This allows the suspected wrong-way driving to be detected even faster and its precise location to be determined.
[0020] Furthermore, the method additionally or alternatively includes a step of improving the quality of the data from the vehicle's sensors by increasing the sampling rate of the vehicle's GPS sensor, inertial sensor, altimeter, optical sensor, and / or by activating an additional sensor on the vehicle. This additional sensor can, for example, be used to generate an image of the vehicle's surroundings. This embodiment advantageously saves computing time for verifying the wrong-way driver information on the server side and thus also in the overall system.
[0021] Furthermore, in the step of improving the quality of the data from the vehicle's sensors, the data is improved using calibration data for the sensors - for example, inertial sensors in the vehicle.
[0022] Furthermore, in the step of determining the server-side wrong-way driver information, the server-side wrong-way driver information will also include data stored on the server from a wrong-way driver history and / or information stored on the server from an extended digital map of the vehicle's current surroundings.
[0023] This embodiment has the advantage that the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information about a suspected wrong-way driving incident can be checked for accuracy using additional information.
[0024] Furthermore, in the step of determining the server-side wrong-way driver information, this information is additionally or alternatively determined using data from at least one external database. The data from this external database may have been read into the server via a database interface. This advantageously increases the redundancy of the data for verifying the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information.
[0025] The approach presented here further creates a system designed to perform, control, and implement the steps of a variant of the presented method in appropriate facilities. This system-based embodiment of the invention also allows the underlying problem to be solved quickly and efficiently. The system can relate to the server or encompass both the server and the vehicle.
[0026] The system's components can be understood as electrical devices that process sensor signals and output control and / or data signals accordingly. These components can have interfaces, which may be implemented in hardware and / or software. In the case of a hardware-based interface, the interfaces might, for example, be part of a so-called system ASIC, which incorporates various functions of the device. However, it is also possible that the interfaces are separate integrated circuits or at least partially comprised of discrete components. In the case of a software-based interface, the interfaces might be software modules, such as those found on a microcontroller alongside other software modules.
[0027] Also advantageous is a computer program product or computer program with program code that can be stored on a machine-readable carrier or storage medium such as a semiconductor memory, a hard disk memory or an optical memory and is used to carry out, implement and / or control the steps of the method according to one of the embodiments described above, in particular if the program product or program is executed on a computer or device or installation.
[0028] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description. It shows: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a system for warning of a vehicle driving in the wrong direction according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig. 2 a schematic representation of wrong-way driver-specific server-client communication of a system for warning of a vehicle driving in the wrong direction according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig. 3. A block diagram of the client and server of a system for warning of a vehicle driving the wrong way, according to an exemplary embodiment; and Fig. 4 a flowchart of a procedure for warning of a vehicle driving in the wrong direction according to an exemplary embodiment.
[0029] In the following description of favorable embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals are used for the elements shown in the various figures and acting similarly, without repeating these elements.
[0030] Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a system 100 for warning of a vehicle traveling in the wrong direction, according to an exemplary embodiment. The exemplary system 100 enables wrong-way driver detection – also referred to as "Wrong-Way Driver Detection" – using a client-server solution and comprises a server 102, a vehicle 104, and another vehicle 106.
[0031] Server 102 is a data processing unit located remotely from vehicles 104 and 106 and connected to them wirelessly, specifically via a radio link. Vehicles 104 and 106 are road vehicles such as cars or trucks.
[0032] Vehicles 104 and 106 each communicate with server 102 as clients via suitable interfaces. Depending on the embodiment, the client device communicating with server 102 can be a vehicle-integrated communication device or control unit, or a mobile device assigned to an occupant of the respective vehicle 104 or 106. If a mobile device is used, it could be, for example, a smartphone or tablet computer belonging to the occupant. The other vehicle 106 is located at the [location / location] in [the context]. Fig. 1. The exemplary system 100 shown here represents a plurality of other vehicles 106 that communicate wirelessly with the server 102 and, if necessary, also with the vehicle 104.
[0033] Vehicle-side sensors 108 on vehicle 104 record the journey of vehicle 104 and, if necessary, generate a vehicle-side wrong-way driver information 110 based on received measurement data. The vehicle-side wrong-way driver information 110 contains data about a suspected wrong-way journey of vehicle 104 based on the measurement data recorded by the sensor 108. According to the concept proposed here, the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information 110 about a suspected wrong-way journey of vehicle 104 is transmitted to server 102 via a wireless vehicle-server interface 114 shortly after its generation, together with position information 112 about the current position of vehicle 104. The position information 112 can display the current position of vehicle 104 as a geographic position determined, for example, by GPS.
[0034] In server 102, a suitable algorithm, taking into account the position information 112, compares the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information 110 with server-side wrong-way driver information to verify the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information 110 or to reject it as erroneous. The server-side wrong-way driver information is based on information from server 102 about a suspected wrong-way driving by vehicle 104. To generate the server-side wrong-way driver information, server 102 accesses stored data from other vehicles and information from additional databases, as shown in the exemplary embodiments.
[0035] If the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information 110 is verified, i.e., if actual wrong-way driving by vehicle 104 is detected, server 102 provides a wrong-way driver warning 118 to the other vehicle 106 via another wireless vehicle-server interface 116. According to one embodiment, the wrong-way driver warning 118 is provided to the other vehicle 106 when it is in the danger zone of the wrong-way vehicle 104. The wrong-way driver warning 118 is displayed, for example, as a text message in the other vehicle 106, e.g., on the display of a navigation device in the other vehicle 106 or on the display of a smartphone belonging to an occupant of the other vehicle 106.
[0036] According to one embodiment, the server 102 also provides the wrong-way driver warning 118 to the vehicle 104 itself via the vehicle server interface 114 as a self-warning, in order to alert a driver of the vehicle 104 to the wrong-way driving.
[0037] Fig. Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of wrong-way driver-specific server-client communication of an embodiment of system 100 for warning of a vehicle driving in the wrong direction. Fig. 1. As a client device of a vehicle, a smartphone 200 belonging to a vehicle occupant, for example the driver, is used for wireless communication with the server 102. During a journey, the smartphone 200 moves through various radio cells 202 of its mobile network operator 204, which is shown in the diagram in Fig. 2 is identified by means of a transmission mast. The vehicle-server interface or client-server interface 114 between client 200 and server 102 is formed here by a PDN gateway 114.
[0038] The communication device 200, used as a client device, is located on or in a motor vehicle which has an internet connection and at least access to position coordinates.
[0039] In principle, there are three core areas for the possible functioning of a wrong-way driver warning system using a client-server solution, in which the approach presented here enables significant improvements. These three core areas are false-positive reduction, the time-critical execution of the triggering chain, and the complex interplay of communication, data efficiency, and power consumption.
[0040] So-called false positives, i.e., false detections when driving is correct, must be minimized or completely avoided during self-warning and / or active intervention. Depending on the warning concept, standards up to ASIL-A must be met.
[0041] Regarding the time-critical execution of the triggering chain, intervention or warning must occur as quickly as possible to minimize the risk to other road users posed by a wrong-way driver. This means the entire functional chain, from the detection of a critical situation and the identification of a wrong-way driver to the intervention or warning, should be completed in the shortest possible time. The workload and thus the required performance of server 102 during widespread use of this function plays a crucial role. In addition to the triggering time, cost-effectiveness is also an important consideration.
[0042] Communication and power consumption, especially for mobile devices, should be as efficient and as low as possible to achieve acceptable battery life. Furthermore, data-efficient communication should be used to prevent overloading of mobile cell towers or other wireless communication units. Data volume and the associated costs should also be limited as much as possible. Efficiency in communication is also a crucial factor on the server side due to computing power requirements.
[0043] The advantageous distribution of wrong-way driver detection between Client 200 and Server 102, as proposed here, offers benefits particularly in the areas of false-positive reduction and the complex interplay of communication, data efficiency, and power consumption. Furthermore, the time-critical execution of the triggering chain can be significantly improved.
[0044] Fig. Figure 3 shows a block diagram of Client 200 and Server 102 of an exemplary System 100 for warning of a wrong-way driving vehicle. The block diagram illustrates the improvement of the wrong-way driver warning function presented herein through the step-by-step detection of Client 200 and Server 102. Depending on the embodiment, Client 200 is either a communication device assigned to a vehicle or a device installed or arranged in the vehicle, such as a navigation device.
[0045] At the in Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the client 200 has access to the sensor system 108 relating to the vehicle or a journey of the vehicle, for example an inertial sensor, a GPS sensor, an altimeter, etc. The sensor system 108 can be part of the vehicle or alternatively or additionally part of the client 200 in the case of a mobile device located in the vehicle.
[0046] Client 200 in Fig. 3 optionally has access to map data from a digital map 302, which forms the basis for the vehicle's navigation. The map data can be stored in the communication device or in the vehicle.
[0047] Alternatively, the map data can be provided to Client 200 offline or via Server 102.
[0048] Finally, the exemplary client 200 is in Fig. 3 is also connected to an optical sensor 304 of a vehicle camera or has its own camera. In this way, the client 200 has access to data from traffic sign and / or vehicle environment recognition, for example. Alternatively, the client 200 can also be connected to other data sources relating to a journey of the vehicle.
[0049] Based on all available information, an analysis unit 306 assigned to client 200 performs a decision-making process to determine whether or not the vehicle is likely driving the wrong way. If this pre-detection indicates that a wrong-way driving scenario is occurring, corresponding wrong-way driver information from the vehicle is transmitted to server 102.
[0050] At the in Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the server 102 has access to stored data 308 of the current user and / or previous users, for example in the sense of a wrong-way driver history, and, in relation to the map material 302 of the client 200, access to map material of an extended or otherwise based digital map 310.
[0051] According to one embodiment, server 102 can access at least one external database 312 via suitable interfaces to obtain further information for wrong-way driver detection. This allows server 102 to gather information about current weather and road conditions in the area of the suspected wrong-way driving incident. Alternatively, server 102 can be connected to additional data sources for wrong-way driver detection.
[0052] Using all information available to Server 102, an analysis unit 314 assigned to Server 102 performs a pre-detection decision-making process to determine whether or not the vehicle is suspected of driving the wrong way.
[0053] Depending on the results of the analysis unit 306 of client 200 and the analysis unit 314 of server 102, and using the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information and position information about the vehicle's location, the final decision is made to verify or reject the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information.
[0054] According to the exemplary embodiments, the pre-detection algorithm of Client 200 can correspond fully, partially, or not at all to that of Server 102. For pre-detection of a wrong-way driving maneuver by the vehicle, Client 200 and / or Server 102 can, for example, perform a geographic or map-based detection of an area currently being driven on by the vehicle that includes an on-ramp or off-ramp of a federal highway, or recognize an impending entry onto or exit ramp based on a learned user behavior pattern.
[0055] For example, client 200 uses data from digital map 302 to calculate whether there is a high risk of wrong-way driving, possibly also using older or other (map) data. If an acute risk exists, server 102 then also performs a check using the map data available to it.
[0056] The decision as to whether Server 102 should continue to track the reported potential wrong-way driver can be made by Client 200, Server 102, or jointly, according to the examples provided. A "handshake procedure" can be used for this purpose.
[0057] For example, the quality of sensor data from the smartphone, Client 200, or car can also influence further action. Server 102 can also access recorded data from other users and general information, such as weather data, and thus initiate further steps. This can also lead to a reduction in data traffic, since all available data only needs to be transmitted to Server 102 in the event of an acute threat, and generally much less data is required.
[0058] Establishing the wireless connection between Client 200 and Server 102 early on saves valuable time, as a poor connection setup, such as via an edge connection, can take several seconds to establish a data connection. Even if there is no mobile network coverage in the meantime, the data can be recorded by Client 200 and transmitted to Server 102 at the next available opportunity.
[0059] According to another embodiment, knowing the quality of the sensor data used by Client 200 allows for further measures to be taken to improve functional reliability. In this context, increasing the sampling rate of the GPS sensor using a suitable prediction method such as a Kalman filter and recalibrating the inertial sensors using GPS data and the experience of other users are particularly noteworthy. The quality of the sensor data can also be improved, for example, by capturing a real-world environment of the vehicle, creating data aggregates between maps and photos, and then verifying these aggregates. An additional comparison of the elevation profile of a current on- and off-ramp section of a federal highway can also be used to improve the sensor data.
[0060] Fig. Figure 4 shows a flowchart of an embodiment of method 400 for warning of a vehicle traveling in the wrong direction. Method 400 can be derived from an embodiment of the method described in the Fig. 1, Fig. 2 to Fig. The 3 systems shown will be executed.
[0061] In step 402, the vehicle uses data from its sensors to determine a suspected wrong-way driver indication. In step 404, this wrong-way driver indication is provided to a vehicle-server interface of a communication device associated with the vehicle, connected to an external server. In step 406, this wrong-way driver indication is read into the external server.
[0062] In step 408, the vehicle's current position is read into the server via the vehicle-server interface. Using this position information and data stored or read into the server, a server-side wrong-way driver information is determined. In step 410, the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information is compared with the server-side wrong-way driver information to verify or reject the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information.
[0063] In the event of verification of the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information in step 410, a wrong-way driver warning about the vehicle's wrong-way driving is provided in step 412 to another vehicle-server interface between a communication device assigned to another vehicle and the vehicle-external server.
[0064] If an embodiment includes an “and / or” connection between a first feature and a second feature, this is to be read as meaning that the embodiment according to one embodiment has both the first feature and the second feature, and according to another embodiment either only the first feature or only the second feature.
Claims
[1] Method (400) for warning of a vehicle (104) traveling in the wrong direction, wherein the method (400) comprises the following steps: Reading (406) vehicle-side wrong-way driver information (110) about a suspected wrong-way driving of the vehicle (104) into a vehicle-external server (102) via a vehicle-server interface (114) between a communication device (200) assigned to the vehicle (104) and the vehicle-external server (102); Reading (408) position information (112) about a position of the vehicle (104) via the vehicle server interface (114); Determining (408) a server-side wrong-way driver information about a suspected wrong-way driving of the vehicle (104) in the vehicle-external server (102) using the position information (112); Matching (410) the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information (110) in the vehicle-external server (102) using the server-side wrong-way driver information about a suspected wrong-way driving of the vehicle (104) to verify the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information (110); and Providing (412) a wrong-way driver warning (118) about a wrong-way driving of the vehicle (104) to another vehicle server interface (116) between at least one communication device assigned to another vehicle (106) and the vehicle-external server (102), if in the matching step (410) the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information (110) was verified as information about an actual wrong-way driving, characterized by , that In the step of determining (408) the server-side wrong-way driver information in the server (102), the server-side wrong-way driver information is further determined using data (308) stored in the server (102) of a wrong-way driver history and / or information stored in the server (102) of an extended digital map (310) of a current environment of the vehicle (104) and / or using data from at least one server-external database (312), wherein the data of the server-external database (312) were read into the server (102) via a database interface of the server (102) with the server-external database (312), and / or In one step of the determination (402), the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information (110) is determined in the vehicle (104) using data from a vehicle-side sensor system (108), wherein sensor data from a vehicle-side GPS sensor and / or a vehicle-side inertial sensor and / or a vehicle-side altimeter and / or a vehicle-side optical sensor are used as the data from the vehicle-side sensor system (108), wherein In the step of determining (402) the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information (110), the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information (110) is further determined using stored information from a digital map (302) of a current environment of the vehicle (104), and / or In one step of improving the quality of the data from the vehicle's sensors (108) by increasing the sampling rate of the vehicle's GPS sensor and / or vehicle's inertial sensor and / or vehicle's altimeter and / or vehicle's optical sensor and / or by activating an additional sensor of the vehicle (104), wherein in the step of improving the quality of the data from the vehicle's sensors (108) the data are improved using calibration data for the sensors (108). [2] Method (400) according to claim 1, comprising a step of providing (404) the vehicle-side wrong-way driver information (110) about a suspected wrong-way driving of the vehicle (104) to the vehicle server interface (114) by means of a communication device (200) assigned to the vehicle. [3] System (100) for warning of a vehicle (104) traveling in the wrong direction, which is equipped to perform the method (400) according to any of the preceding claims. [4] Computer program configured to perform the method (400) according to any one of claims 1 to 2. [5] Machine-readable storage medium on which the computer program according to claim 4 is stored.
Citation Information
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