crushing arm and jaw crusher

Abstract

Crushing arm (5) of a jaw crusher with a receptacle (7) provided in an upper part of the crushing arm (5) for the pivoting support of the crushing arm on the jaw crusher and a support area (9) arranged in a lower part of the crushing arm for supporting the crushing arm, wherein the crushing arm (5) has a hollow body structure (25) for stiffening, characterized in that the hollow body structure (25) in a longitudinal section of the crushing arm (5) consists of four stiffening elements (26) which are arranged in an x-shape relative to each other.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a crushing arm of a jaw crusher and a jaw crusher for crushing rock material.

[0002] Jaw crushers, such as those known from DE 196 31 023 A1, typically have a first and a second crushing jaw, one of which is usually stationary and the other is designed as an oscillating jaw. They are used to crush hard to very hard materials, such as basalt or granite. The strength of the material results in correspondingly high loads in the jaw crusher, which act in particular on the crushing jaw. To withstand these loads, the crushing jaw is usually designed as a closed casting box, with several holes provided in the box for positioning and holding the casting cores from a casting technology perspective. However, these holes have proven to be a weak point in the crushing process due to the high forces and stresses that occur, leading to damage to the crushing jaw.

[0003] DE 196 31 023 A1 discloses a device for adjusting the crushing gap on jaw crushers with a fixed and a swinging crushing jaw.

[0004] The invention is therefore based on the object of designing a crushing arm in which the stresses occurring in the crushing arm are reduced.

[0005] According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of claims 1 and 11.

[0006] The crushing arm of a jaw crusher according to the invention has a receptacle provided in an upper part of the crushing arm for swingingly holding the crushing arm on the jaw crusher and a support area arranged in a lower part of the crushing arm for supporting the crushing arm, wherein the arm has a hollow body structure for stiffening, wherein the hollow body structure in a longitudinal section of the crushing arm consists of a plurality of stiffening elements, all of which have a common intersection point along their main extension axis.

[0007] This single intersection point of the crushing rocker allows for the flow of force between the individual stiffening elements to be very well distributed. Furthermore, the stresses arising in the hollow body structure can be reduced. Furthermore, this results in a very torsionally rigid construction, meaning the rocker no longer needs to be designed as a closed casting box, but can instead be open on one or both sides. An open design also has the advantage of eliminating holes for the casting cores, thus avoiding a weak point in conventional crushing rockers.

[0008] The shape of the stiffening elements leading to a common intersection resembles the shape of a tree branch junction, so that one can speak of a "bionic crushing jaw." Stiffening elements converging to a common intersection require less mass than a waffle pattern in order to distribute the forces and keep the stresses at a lower level. The omission of a front and / or rear plate also enables the component to be cast very easily. The accessibility of the stiffeners / ribbing also allows for easy inspection of the quality (inspection for blowholes) of the individual stiffeners. Furthermore, the achieved accessibility allows additional functions, such as fastening options for split crushing jaws, to be integrated into the supporting structure.

[0009] According to the invention, the hollow body structure consists of four stiffening elements in longitudinal section, arranged in an X-shape. The design with exactly four stiffening elements enables a force flow that protects the components while simultaneously minimizing the use of material.

[0010] Further advantages and embodiments of the invention are the subject of the subclaims.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, the hollow body structure extends from the receptacle for the oscillating support of the crushing arm to at least the support area. Furthermore, the stiffening elements can form triangular cells in the longitudinal section of the hollow body structure, whereby the hollow body structure extends to the side parts.

[0012] The crushing arm has a longitudinal center plane that extends perpendicular to the oscillation axis of the crushing arm, with the longitudinal center plane forming a plane of symmetry through the common intersection point of the stiffening elements. The common intersection point is thus centrally located, enabling a good distribution of the resulting forces, moments, and stresses.

[0013] According to a further embodiment, the crushing jaw has a front side for fitting a crushing jaw, a rear side and a first and a second side part, wherein the hollow body structure can be open on the front side and / or rear side.

[0014] The invention advantageously relates to a crushing jaw with a front side, a rear side, and two side parts, wherein the front side is equipped with a crushing jaw. The crushing jaw rests on the hollow body structure in a contact area, wherein the crushing jaw can have a stiffening structure adapted to the hollow body structure in this contact area, thus resulting in optimal force dissipation.

[0015] To stiffen the first and second side parts, they can be provided with transverse stiffeners. Furthermore, the crushing arm can be designed so that, in the side view, it tapers in a wedge shape from the receptacle for the swinging support of the crushing arm to the support area, thereby saving mass in the lower area.

[0016] Furthermore, it is conceivable to provide a front plate formed integrally with a hollow body structure on the front side of the crushing arm. This serves to further stiffen the crushing arm. If such a front plate is provided, the rear side is preferably open to simplify the manufacture of the crushing arm.

[0017] The invention further relates to a jaw crusher for crushing rock material, having an inlet for the rock material, an outlet for crushed rock material, and a first and second crushing jaw, wherein at least one of the two crushing jaws is designed as an oscillating crushing jaw, and the at least one oscillating crushing jaw is fastened to a crushing rocker having the features described above. The other crushing jaw can be designed either stationary or oscillating. In a stationary design, the other crushing jaw is arranged on a stationary support structure, wherein the stationary support structure also has a hollow body structure which, in a longitudinal section, consists of a plurality of stiffening elements which all have a common intersection point along their main extension axis.

[0018] Particularly preferably, the hollow body structure of the stationary support structure consists in longitudinal section of four stiffening elements which are arranged in an x-shape relative to one another.

[0019] Further embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the following description of some embodiments and the drawing.

[0020] In the drawing show • Fig. 1 a sectional view of a generic jaw crusher, • Fig. 2a a front view of a crushing arm according to a first embodiment, • Fig. 2b a rear view of the crushing arm according to Fig. 2a, • Fig. 2c a three-dimensional representation of the crushing arm according to Fig. 2a, • Fig. 3a a front view of a crushing arm according to a second embodiment, • Fig. 3b a rear view of the crushing arm according to Fig. 3a, • Fig. 3c a three-dimensional representation of the crushing arm according to Fig. 3a and • Fig. 4 a front view of a crushing arm according to a third embodiment.

[0021] Fig. 1 shows a jaw crusher for crushing rock material, having an inlet 1 for the rock material, an outlet 2 for crushed rock material, and a first and a second crushing jaw 3, 4. The first crushing jaw 3 is designed as an oscillating crushing jaw and is mounted on a crushing rocker 5 for this purpose. The second crushing jaw 4, in contrast, is arranged on a stationary support structure 6. The crushing rocker 5 has, in an upper part, a receptacle 7 for oscillatingly mounting the crushing rocker 5 on the jaw crusher. The crushing rocker 5 is driven in this area by an eccentric shaft 8. In a lower part of the crushing rocker 5, a support area 9 is provided, on which the crushing rocker 5 is supported on a pressure plate 10 in a conventional manner. A tie rod 11 ensures constant contact between the pressure plate 10 and the crushing rocker 5.A crushing gap 12 is formed between the two crushing jaws 3, 4, in which the rock material to be crushed is subjected to a compressive stress due to the eccentrically driven first crushing jaw 3.

[0022] In the following, the Fig. 2a to Fig. 2c, a first embodiment of the crushing arm 5 is explained in more detail. To stiffen the crushing arm, it has a hollow body structure 25 which, in a longitudinal section of the crushing arm 5, consists of a plurality of stiffening elements 26, which all have a common, single intersection point 33 along their main extension axis. The remaining area of ​​the hollow body structure 25 preferably has triangular recesses 15, so that the hollow body structure 25 extends up to two side parts 16, 17, which laterally delimit the hollow body structure 25. The side parts 16, 17 are, in particular, U-shaped in cross-section of the crushing arm 5. Optionally, the side parts 16, 17 are provided with transverse stiffeners 18, 19. The hollow body structure 25 is delimited at the top by the receptacle 7 for oscillatingly holding the crushing arm about an oscillation axis 32. In this embodiment, the hollow body structure 25 is open at the bottom.Preferably, the hollow body structure 25, in longitudinal section, consists of four stiffening elements 26 arranged in an x-shape relative to one another. Particularly preferably, the x-shaped arrangement of the stiffening elements 26 is aligned symmetrically to a longitudinal center plane 20 of the crushing rocker 5 extending perpendicular to the oscillation axis 32, thus providing an optimal shape for dissipating the forces and moments occurring during the crushing process and thus keeping stresses to a minimum.

[0023] In the illustrated embodiment, the hollow body structure is on the Fig. 2a and on the front side shown in Fig. 2b shown back is open. To hold a first crushing jaw 3 on the crushing arm 5, a lower clamping bar 22 and upper clamping means 23 (see Fig. 1). Preferably, the rear side of the first crushing jaw has a stiffening structure (not shown) in its contact area with the crushing arm 5, which is adapted to the hollow body structure 25 of the crushing arm 5. Fig. 1 also shows a preferred feature, according to which the crushing arm 5 tapers in a wedge shape in the side view from the receptacle 7 for the swinging holder of the crushing arm to the support area 9, whereby mass is saved in the lower area of ​​the crushing arm.

[0024] The Fig. 3a to Fig. The second embodiment shown in Figure 3c differs from the first embodiment according to the Fig. 2a to Fig. 2c essentially only in that the hollow body structure 25 is covered on the back with a rear wall 30, which is preferably formed integrally with the hollow body structure 25. The hollow body structure is on its front side ( Fig. 3a), however, is designed to be open, which facilitates the manufacture and subsequent inspection of the crushing arm 5 through better accessibility.

[0025] If the jaw crusher is to be designed with two movable crushing jaws (not shown), these can be designed according to the embodiments shown above. Typically, however, one crushing jaw is stationary and the other is arranged in a swinging manner. In the embodiment according to Fig. 1, the second crushing jaw 4 is designed to be stationary and is held on a stationary support structure 6, which, for example, also has a hollow body structure, which in a longitudinal section of the stationary crushing jaw consists of a plurality of stiffening elements, which all have a common intersection point along their main extension axis (not shown in Fig. 1 recognizable).

[0026] Preferably, the stationary hollow body structure consists, in longitudinal section, of four stiffening elements arranged in an X-shape relative to one another. Similar to the first crushing jaw 3, the second crushing jaw 4 can also be provided with a stiffening structure, which is adapted to the hollow body structure 31 of the support structure in the contact area with the support structure 6.

[0027] It is also conceivable that only the stationary crushing arm has a hollow body structure according to the invention.

[0028] In Fig. Figure 4 shows a front view of a third embodiment of a crushing arm 5 according to the invention. This crushing arm 5 has a front plate 28 on its front side, which is formed integrally with the hollow body structure 25 according to the first embodiment. Otherwise, the crushing arm 5 comprises the aforementioned features of the first embodiment.

Claims

[1] Crushing arm (5) of a jaw crusher with a receptacle (7) provided in an upper part of the crushing arm (5) for swingingly holding the crushing arm on the jaw crusher and a support area (9) arranged in a lower part of the crushing arm for supporting the crushing arm, wherein the crushing arm (5) has a hollow body structure (25) for stiffening, characterized by that the hollow body structure (25) in a longitudinal section of the crushing rocker (5) consists of four stiffening elements (26) which are arranged in an x-shape relative to one another. [2] Crushing arm according to claim 1, characterized by that the hollow body structure (25) extends from the receptacle (7) to the oscillating holder of the crushing arm to at least the support area (9). [3] Crushing arm according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the stiffening elements (26) form triangular cells (15) in the longitudinal section of the hollow body structure (25). [4] Crushing arm according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by that the crushing rocker (5) has a longitudinal center plane (20) which extends perpendicular to a swing axis (32) of the crushing rocker (5) and the longitudinal center plane (20) forms a plane of symmetry through the intersection point (33). [5] Crushing arm according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the crushing jaw (5) has a front side for fitting a crushing jaw (3), a rear side and a first and a second side part (16, 17), wherein the hollow body structure (25) is open on the front side and / or rear side. [6] Crushing arm according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by that the crushing jaw (5) has a front side, a rear side and two side parts (16, 17), wherein the front side is equipped with a crushing jaw (3). [7] Crushing arm according to claim 6, characterized bythat the crushing jaw (3) is supported on the hollow body structure (25) in a contact area and the crushing jaw (3) has a stiffening structure (X) adapted to the hollow body structure in this contact area. [8] Crushing arm according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the crushing arm (5) tapers in a wedge shape in the side view from the holder (7) to the swinging holder of the crushing arm to the support area (9). [9] Crushing arm according to claim 4, characterized by that the first and second side parts (16, 17) have transverse stiffeners (18, 19). [10] Crushing arm according to claim 4, characterized by that a front plate (28) formed integrally with the hollow body structure is provided on the front side of the crushing arm (5). [11] Jaw crusher for crushing rock material, comprising an inlet (1) for the rock material, an outlet (2) for crushed rock material and a first and a second crushing jaw (3, 4), wherein at least one of the two crushing jaws (3, 4) is designed as an oscillating crushing jaw, characterized by that the at least one oscillating crushing jaw (3) is fastened to a crushing swing (5) according to one of claims 1 to 10. [12] Jaw crusher according to claim 11, characterized by that the other of the two crushing jaws (4) is arranged on a stationary support structure (6), wherein the stationary support structure (6) also has a hollow body structure which, in a longitudinal section, consists of a plurality of stiffening elements which all have a common intersection point along their main extension axis. [13] Jaw crusher according to claim 11 or 12, characterized bythat the hollow body structure of the stationary support structure (6) consists in longitudinal section of four stiffening elements which are arranged in an x-shape relative to one another.

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