EXHAUST FUME TREATMENT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE WITH MULTIPLE HEATING DEVICES AND CONTROL METHODS OF WHICH

Abstract

System, comprehensive: a first heating device (19) which is positioned in or near an air intake (18) of an engine (16); a second heating device (30) positioned in exhaust gas receiving connection with the engine (16); and a control unit (220) which is coupled to the first heating device (19) and the second heating device (30), wherein the control unit (220) is configured to: Determine (304, 704) that the engine (16) is subjected to a cold start; Determine (308, 708) a property of a battery (17) based on receiving information that specifies the property of the battery (17); Causing (316, 716) an increase in the temperature of the exhaust gas without using the first heating device (19) or the second heating device (30), in response to determining, that the property of the battery (17) is below a predefined threshold value and that the engine (16) is subjected to a cold start; Activating (324, 720) the first heating device (19) for a predefined engine warm-up period in response to determining that the property of the battery (17) is above the predefined threshold; Receiving (724) information indicating a temperature of an exhaust aftertreatment system coupled to the engine (16); Comparing (728) the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system with a predefined aftertreatment temperature threshold; Determine (328, 732) that the second heating device (30) is in a fault condition or is likely to be in a fault condition in response to Determine (320) that the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system (22) is at or below a predefined aftertreatment temperature threshold; Continuing (744) heating with the first heating device (19) after the predefined engine warm-up period in response to determining (344) that the second aftertreatment heating device (30) is in a fault condition or is likely to be in a fault condition; and Deactivating (748) the first heating device (19) in response to the determination that the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system (22) is above the predefined aftertreatment temperature threshold.

Description

AREA OF TECHNOLOGY

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an exhaust aftertreatment system. In particular, the present disclosure relates to a specific architecture for an exhaust aftertreatment system comprising two heating devices and a control method thereof. STATE OF THE ART

[0002] In recent years, emissions regulations for internal combustion engines have become stricter. Environmental concerns have led to the implementation of more stringent emissions regulations for internal combustion engines in many parts of the world. Government agencies, such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the USA, carefully monitor engine emissions and set emission standards that engines must meet. Consequently, the use of exhaust aftertreatment systems to treat engine exhaust gases and reduce emissions is increasing.

[0003] Exhaust aftertreatment systems are generally designed to reduce the emission of particulate matter, nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrocarbons, and other harmful pollutants. These systems treat engine exhaust gas with catalysts and reducing agents to convert NOx into less harmful compounds. Some catalysts in the exhaust aftertreatment system typically convert NOx into less harmful compounds more efficiently at high temperatures. Therefore, components of the exhaust aftertreatment system can be heated to improve catalyst efficiency. DE 691 24 227 T2 relates to controlling the operation of internal combustion engines to improve the control of emission levels in exhaust gases, particularly during engine warm-up. DE 10 2019 105 423 A1 relates to a method for starting an engine.DE 10 2008 037 649 A1 discloses an intake air heating element designed to assist combustion engine ignition during cold weather conditions, prevent white smoke, and promote DPF regeneration. DE 10 2019 110 783 A1 describes an exhaust emission control system, wherein a first heating device is arranged within the intake system and a second heating device is arranged within the exhaust system.

[0004] The invention is defined in independent claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments are claimed in dependent claims. SUMMARY

[0005] One embodiment relates to a system. The system comprises a first heating device, a second heating device, and a control device. The first heating device is positioned in or near an exhaust aftertreatment system and is in exhaust-receiving communication with an engine. The second heating device is located downstream of the first heating device. The control device is coupled to the first and second heating devices. The control device is configured to determine, based on information indicating a temperature relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system, that the temperature relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system is below a predefined temperature threshold. The control device is configured to receive information regarding a property of a battery that is coupled to the first and second heating devices.The control device is designed to regulate the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system without using the first or second heating device, in response to a determination that the battery's temperature is below a predefined threshold. The control device is also designed to regulate the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system using the first heating device, in response to a determination that the battery's temperature is above the first predefined threshold but below a second predefined threshold.

[0006] Another embodiment relates to a system. The system comprises a first heating device, a second heating device, and a control device. The first heating device is positioned in or near an exhaust aftertreatment system that is in exhaust-receiving communication with an engine. The second heating device is located downstream of the first heating device. The control device is coupled to the first and second heating devices. The control device is configured to activate the second heating device in response to the determination that a compound deposit is likely present.

[0007] Another embodiment relates to a system. The system comprises a first heating device, a second heating device, and a control device. The first heating device is located in or near an engine's air intake. The second heating device is in exhaust gas receiving communication with the engine. The control device is coupled to the first and second heating devices. The control device is configured to determine, based on information indicating a temperature relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system, that the temperature relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system is below a predefined temperature threshold. The control device is configured to determine that the second heating device is in a fault condition or is likely to be in such a condition.The control device is designed to regulate the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system using the first heating device in response to the determination that the second heating device is in a fault condition or is likely to be in one. The first heating device regulates the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system after the temperature of the engine intake air reaches or exceeds a predefined intake air temperature threshold.

[0008] These and other features, as well as their organization and functioning, will become apparent from the following detailed description in conjunction with the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Fig. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an exhaust aftertreatment system with a control device according to an exemplary embodiment. Fig. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the control device of the system of Fig. 1 according to an exemplary embodiment. Fig. Figure 3 is a flowchart of a process for heating the exhaust aftertreatment system. Fig. 1 after a cold start according to an exemplary embodiment. Fig. Figure 4 is a flowchart of a process for heating the exhaust aftertreatment system. Fig. 1 according to a further exemplary embodiment. Fig. Figure 5 is a flowchart of a process for heating the exhaust aftertreatment system. Fig. 1, to mitigate a compound deposit according to an exemplary embodiment. Fig. Figure 6 is a flowchart of a procedure for regenerating a diesel particulate filter of the exhaust aftertreatment system. Fig. 1 according to an exemplary embodiment. Fig. Figure 7 is a flowchart of a process for heating the exhaust aftertreatment system. Fig. 1 after a cold start according to another exemplary embodiment. Fig. Figure 8 is a flowchart of a process for heating the exhaust aftertreatment system. Fig. 1, after the engine has warmed up, according to an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] The following sections provide more detailed descriptions of various concepts and implementations of methods, devices, and systems for heating an exhaust aftertreatment system using battery-powered electric heating devices. The various concepts introduced above and explained in more detail below can be implemented in any number of ways, as the described concepts are not limited to a specific implementation method. Examples of specific implementations and applications are provided primarily for illustrative purposes.

[0010] Based on the foregoing and the general reference to the figures, the various embodiments disclosed herein relate to systems, devices and methods for an exhaust aftertreatment system with two heating devices and the operation thereof, either alone or in combination.

[0011] In some aspects of the present disclosure, the exhaust aftertreatment system includes a first aftertreatment heating device positioned within or near an exhaust aftertreatment system in exhaust-receiving communication with an engine. The second aftertreatment heating device is positioned downstream of the first aftertreatment heating device within or near the aftertreatment system. A control device coupled to the first and second aftertreatment heating devices is configured to determine, based on information indicating a temperature relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system, that the temperature relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system is below a predefined temperature threshold.The control device is configured to receive information regarding a property of a battery that is coupled to the first and second aftertreatment heating devices. The control device is configured to regulate the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system without using the first or second aftertreatment heating device, in response to the determination that the battery property is below a predefined threshold. The control device is also configured to regulate the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system using the first aftertreatment heating device, in response to the determination that the battery property is above the first predefined threshold but below a second predefined threshold.Under such conditions, the control device can be configured to regulate the amount of heat supplied by the first aftertreatment heater based on the battery's characteristics. Alternatively, the control device can be configured to determine that the first aftertreatment heater is likely to be in a fault condition. In this case, the control device can regulate the exhaust aftertreatment system temperature using the second heater instead of the first.

[0012] In some aspects of this disclosure, the control device can activate the first aftertreatment heater and / or the second aftertreatment heater to remove one or more compound deposits in the exhaust aftertreatment system (e.g., a urea deposit). For example, the control device can be configured to activate the second aftertreatment heater in response to the detection that a compound deposit is at or above a compound deposit threshold. The control device can activate the first aftertreatment heater in response to compound deposits persisting after a predefined period of time.

[0013] In some aspects of this disclosure, the system includes an engine intake heater positioned in or near an air intake of the engine. An exhaust aftertreatment heater is positioned in exhaust-receiving communication with the engine. A control device coupled to the engine intake heater and the exhaust aftertreatment heater is configured to determine, based on information indicating a temperature relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system, that the temperature relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system is below a predefined temperature threshold. The control device is configured to determine that the aftertreatment heater is in a fault condition or is likely to be in such a condition.The control device is designed to regulate the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system using the engine intake heater in response to a determination that the aftertreatment heater is in a fault condition or is likely to be in one. The engine intake heater regulates the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system after the temperature of the engine intake air reaches or exceeds a predefined intake air temperature threshold.

[0014] The exhaust aftertreatment system includes components that operate more effectively at high temperatures. Such components may include aftertreatment catalysts such as a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst and an ammonia oxidation (AMOx) catalyst. The exhaust aftertreatment system can be heated by the engine (e.g., by instructing the engine to run to generate exhaust gas at high temperatures). Under certain conditions, such as cold starts, low to medium load, low to medium torque, and / or low to medium engine speed, the engine may not be able to generate exhaust gas hot enough to heat the components of the exhaust aftertreatment system. It is therefore advantageous to use heating devices positioned within or near the exhaust aftertreatment system to warm it up.

[0015] With reference to Fig. Figure 1 shows a vehicle 10 with an engine system 12 including a control device 14 according to an exemplary embodiment. The vehicle 10 can be a road or off-road vehicle, including, but not limited to, trucks, medium-haul trucks (e.g., pickup trucks), cars, boats, tanks, aircraft, and any other type of vehicle that uses an exhaust aftertreatment system. In various alternative embodiments, the systems, methods, and devices can be used with any engine exhaust aftertreatment system (e.g., a stationary power generation system).

[0016] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 1, the engine system 12 includes an internal combustion engine, shown as engine 16, and an exhaust aftertreatment system, shown as exhaust aftertreatment system 22. The engine 16 can be coupled to an alternator 15, which is configured to supply power to a battery 17 and / or one or more electric heating devices. The engine 16 includes an air intake manifold 18 through which ambient air enters the engine 16 for combustion. In some embodiments, the air intake manifold 18 can include an intake heater 19. The intake heater 19 can be coupled to the air intake manifold 18 to heat the air at or before it enters the engine 16. Alternatively, the intake heater 19 can be positioned further upstream and away from the engine 16 (e.g.,coupled with a pipe or tube that is coupled to the air intake manifold 18). In the illustrated embodiment, the intake heater 19 is a grid heater designed to heat the air flowing through the air intake manifold 18 by convection. The intake heater 19 is an electric heater and can be driven by an alternator 15 and / or a battery 17 of the vehicle 10. In some embodiments, the intake heater 19 is a grid heater. In other embodiments, the intake heater 19 can be a different type of heater, such as an induction heater, a microwave heater, or a fuel burner.In addition to heating the air in the air intake manifold 18 during a predefined engine warm-up period, the intake heater 19 can be used to further heat the air in the air intake manifold 18 after the predefined engine warm-up period in order to provide heat to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22, which is downstream of the intake heater 19.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the engine 16 is designed as a compression-ignition internal combustion engine that uses diesel fuel. However, in various alternative embodiments, the engine 16 can also be designed as any other type of engine (e.g., spark-ignition) that uses any fuel (e.g., gasoline, natural gas). Inside the engine 16, air from the atmosphere is combined with fuel and combusted to power the engine 16. The combustion of the fuel and air in the compression chambers of the engine 16 produces exhaust gas, which is discharged in an operational state into an exhaust manifold 20 and into the exhaust aftertreatment system 22.

[0018] The exhaust aftertreatment system 22 is in exhaust gas-receiving communication with the engine 16. In the example shown, the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 includes a first aftertreatment heating device 24, a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) 26, a diesel particulate filter (DPF) 28, a second aftertreatment heating device 30, a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system 32 with an SCR catalyst 34, and an ammonia oxidation (AMOx) catalyst 36. The SCR system 32 further includes a reducing agent supply system, which has a reducing agent source, shown as diesel exhaust liquid (DEF) source 38, which supplies a reducing agent (e.g., DEF, urea, ammonia) to a reducing agent dosing unit 40 via a reducing agent line, shown as a reducing agent line 42. In another example, the SCR system 32 can include several reducing agent dosing units 40 positioned along the exhaust aftertreatment system 22.Although the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 shown includes the DOC 26, the DPF 28, the SCR catalyst 34, and the AMOx catalyst 36, which are positioned at specific locations relative to one another along the exhaust gas flow path, in other embodiments the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 may include more than one of any different catalysts, which may be positioned at any number of different locations relative to one another along the exhaust gas flow path. Furthermore, and in this regard, it should be noted that the components of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 may be of a variety of different orders; different components may be used in other embodiments; not all of the components shown in this embodiment may be used in other architectures; and various other modifications may be used without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.Therefore, the architecture of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22, which is located in . Fig. Figure 1 is shown for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered restrictive.

[0019] In the exhaust gas flow direction indicated by the direction arrow 44, exhaust gas flows from the engine 16 into the inlet pipe 46 of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22. From the inlet pipe 46, the exhaust gas flows into the first aftertreatment heater 24 and exits from the first aftertreatment heater 24 into a first section of the exhaust pipe 48A. From the first section of the exhaust pipe 48A, the exhaust gas flows into the DOC 26 and exits from the DOC 26 into a second section of the exhaust pipe 48B. From the second section of the exhaust pipe 48B, the exhaust gas flows into the DPF 28 and exits from the DPF 28 into a third section of the exhaust pipe 48C. From the third section of the exhaust pipe 48C, the exhaust gas flows into the second aftertreatment heater 30 and exits from the second aftertreatment heater 30 into a fourth section of the exhaust pipe 48D.From the fourth section of the exhaust pipe 48D, the exhaust gas flows into the SCR catalyst 34 and exits the SCR catalyst 34 into a fifth section of the exhaust pipe 48E. As the exhaust gas flows through the fourth section of the exhaust pipe 48D, it can be periodically dosed with a reducing agent (e.g., DEF, ammonia, urea) by the reducing agent dosing unit 40. Accordingly, the third section of the exhaust pipe 48C can act as a decomposition chamber or tube to facilitate the decomposition of the reducing agent into ammonia. From the fifth section of the exhaust pipe 48E, the exhaust gas flows into the AMOx catalyst 36 and exits the AMOx catalyst 36 into the exhaust pipe 50 before being expelled from the exhaust aftertreatment system 22.Based on the foregoing, in the illustrated embodiment, the first aftertreatment heating device 24 is positioned upstream of the DOC 26, the DOC 26 is positioned upstream of the DPF 28, the DPF 28 is positioned upstream of the second aftertreatment heating device 30, the second aftertreatment heating device 30 is positioned upstream of the SCR catalyst 34, and the SCR catalyst 34 is positioned upstream of the AMOx catalyst 36. However, in other embodiments and as described above, other arrangements of the components of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 are also possible.

[0020] In the illustrated embodiment, the first and second aftertreatment heating devices 24, 30 are grid heating devices designed to heat the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 by convection. The first and second aftertreatment heating devices 24, 30 are electric heating devices and can be driven by the alternator 15 and / or the battery 17 of the vehicle 10. In some embodiments, the first and second aftertreatment heating devices 24, 40 are grid heating devices. In other embodiments, the first and second aftertreatment heating devices 24, 30 can include one or more heating devices within the SCR system 32, an induction heating device, a microwave heating device, and / or a fuel burner.In other embodiments, the first and second aftertreatment heating devices 24, 30 can be the same type of heating device or different types of heating devices. In addition to heating the exhaust gas, the first and second aftertreatment heating devices 24, 30 can be used either alone or in combination for the controlled regeneration of, for example, the SCR catalyst 34 and / or the AMOx catalyst 36. The first and second aftertreatment heating devices 24, 30, either alone or in combination, can also be used to assist or facilitate the removal of compound deposits from the exhaust aftertreatment system 22. The compound deposits can include reducing agent deposits in or near the reducing agent dosing unit 40. The first aftertreatment heating device 24 can also be used for the controlled regeneration of the DOC 26 and / or the DPF 28.In some embodiments, the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 may not include the first aftertreatment heating device 24 (i.e., an aftertreatment system heating device). In some embodiments, the second exhaust aftertreatment system 24 may be integrated into the DEF metering unit 40. Additionally, in some embodiments, the intake heating device 19 may be used during the controlled regeneration of the DOC 26, the SCR catalyst 34, and / or the AMOx catalyst 36.

[0021] The DOC 26 can have various flow-through designs. Generally, the DOC 26 is designed to oxidize at least some particles, such as the soluble organic soot fraction, in the exhaust gas and to reduce unburned hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) in the exhaust gas to less harmful compounds. For example, the DOC 26 can be designed to reduce the HC and CO concentrations in the exhaust gas to meet the required emission standards for these exhaust gas components. An indirect consequence of the DOC 26's oxidizing capacity is its ability to oxidize NO to NO₂. In this way, the NO₂ level of the DOC 26 is equal to the NO₂ in the exhaust gas produced by the engine 16 plus the NO₂ converted from NO by the DOC 26.

[0022] In addition to treating the hydrocarbon and CO concentrations in the exhaust gas, the DOC 26 can also support the regeneration of the DPF 28, the SCR catalyst 34, and the AMOx catalyst 36. This can be achieved by injecting or dosing unburned HC into the exhaust gas upstream of the DOC 26. Upon contact with the DOC 26, the unburned HC undergoes an exothermic oxidation reaction, leading to an increase in the temperature of the exhaust gas exiting the DOC 26 and subsequently entering the DPF 28, the SCR catalyst 34, and / or the AMOx catalyst 36. The amount of unburned HC added to the exhaust gas is selected to achieve the desired temperature increase or the target regeneration temperature.

[0023] The DPF 28 can be of various flow-through or wall-flow designs and is constructed to reduce particle concentrations, such as soot and ash, in the exhaust gas to meet or substantially meet the required emission standards. The DPF 28 traps particles and other constituents and may therefore require periodic regeneration to burn off the trapped components. Additionally, the DPF 28 can be designed to oxidize NO to form NO2 independently of the DOC 26.

[0024] As discussed above, the SCR system 32 can include a reducing agent supply system with a reducing agent source (e.g., DEF) 38, a pump, and a supply mechanism or metering device 40. The reducing agent source 38 can be a container or tank capable of retaining a reducing agent, such as ammonia (NH3), DEF (e.g., urea), or diesel fuel. The reducing agent source 38 is connected to the pump via a reducing agent supply line 42, which pumps reducing agent from the reducing agent source 38 to the metering device 40. The metering device 40 can be positioned upstream of the SCR catalyst 34. The metering device 40 is selectively controllable to inject reducing agent directly into the exhaust gas before it enters the SCR catalyst 34. In some embodiments, the reducing agent can be either ammonia or DEF, which decomposes to form ammonia.As briefly described above, in the presence of the SCR catalyst 34, the ammonia reacts with NOx to reduce the NOx to less harmful emissions such as N2 and H2O. The NOx in the exhaust gas includes NO2 and NO. In general, both NO2 and NO are reduced to N2 and H2O by various chemical reactions triggered by the catalytic elements of the SCR catalyst 34 in the presence of a reducing agent such as NH3.

[0025] Back to Fig. 1. The SCR catalyst 34 can be one of various catalysts known in the prior art. For example, in some embodiments, the SCR catalyst 34 is a vanadium-based catalyst, and in other embodiments, the SCR catalyst 34 is a zeolite-based catalyst, such as a Cu-zeolite or an Fe-zeolite catalyst. In one illustrated embodiment, the DEF is aqueous urea and the SCR catalyst 34 is a vanadium-based catalyst.

[0026] The AMOx catalyst 36 can be one of several flow-through catalysts designed to react with ammonia to primarily produce nitrogen. As briefly described above, the AMOx catalyst 36 is designed to remove ammonia that has passed through or escaped from the SCR catalyst 34 without reacting with NOx in the exhaust gas. In certain cases, the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 can be operated with or without the AMOx catalyst 36. Although the AMOx catalyst 36 is considered one of the components of the SCR catalyst 34 in Fig. As shown in Figure 1, the AMOx catalyst 36 can be integrated into the SCR catalyst 34 in some embodiments; for example, the AMOx catalyst 36 and the SCR catalyst 34 can be located in the same housing. In other embodiments, the AMOx catalyst 36 can be excluded from the exhaust aftertreatment system 22.

[0027] Back to Fig. 1. The exhaust aftertreatment system 22 can include various sensors, such as NOx sensors, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and so on. The various sensors can be strategically arranged throughout the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 and communicate with the control device 14 to monitor the operating conditions of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 and / or the engine 16. As shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 5, the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 includes a first NOx sensor 54 positioned at or upstream of the inlet of the SCR catalyst 34, a second NOx sensor 56 positioned at or downstream of the outlet of the SCR catalyst 34, one or more temperature sensors 59 at or near the SCR catalyst 34 and / or the AMOx catalyst 36, and one or more pressure sensors 58 positioned at or near the DPF 28. In some embodiments, the first NOx sensor 54 may be positioned at or downstream of the inlet of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22. In some embodiments, the second NOx sensor 56 can be positioned at the outlet or downstream of the outlet of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22.

[0028] The first NOx sensor 54 is configured to determine information indicating the NOx concentration of the exhaust gas entering the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 and / or information indicating the concentration of the exhaust gas upstream of the SCR catalyst 34. The second NOx sensor 56 is configured to determine information indicating the NOx concentration at the outlet. As used herein, “NOx outlet concentration” means the NOx concentration of the exhaust gas exiting the SCR catalyst 34, the AMOx catalyst 36, or the exhaust aftertreatment system 22. The pressure sensors 58 are configured to determine a pressure drop across the DPF 28.The one or more temperature sensors 59 are designed to determine one or more exhaust gas temperatures at or near an inlet of the SCR catalyst 34, a temperature of a bed of the SCR catalyst 34, and / or an exhaust gas temperature at or near an outlet of the SCR catalyst 34. During . Fig. Figure 1 shows several sensors (e.g., the first NOx sensor 54, the second NOx sensor 56, the pressure sensor 58, and the temperature sensor 59). It is understood that one or more of these sensors can be replaced by a virtual sensor in other embodiments. In this respect, the NOx quantity can be estimated, determined, or otherwise correlated with different operating conditions of the engine 16 and the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 at various locations.

[0029] Fig. Figure 1 also shows that it includes an operator input / output (I / O) device 62. The operator I / O device 62 is communicatively coupled to the control device 14 in such a way that information can be exchanged between the control device 14 and the operator I / O device 62, whereby the information can be transmitted to one or more components of the Fig. 1 or provisions (described below) of the control device 14 may relate to. The operator I / O device 62 enables an operator of the engine system 12 to communicate with the control device 14 and one or more components of the engine system 12. Fig. 1 to communicate. For example, the operator I / O device 62 may include, but is not limited to, an interactive display, a device with a touch-sensitive display, one or more buttons and switches, voice command receivers, etc.

[0030] In various alternative embodiments, the control device 14 and the components described herein can be implemented with non-vehicle-related applications (e.g., a power generator). Accordingly, the operator I / O device 62 can be specific to these applications. In these cases, the operator I / O device 62 can, for example, include a laptop computer, a tablet computer, a desktop computer, a telephone, a watch, a personal digital assistant (PDA), etc. The control device 14 can provide diagnostic information, fault messages, or service messages for the intake heater 19, the first aftertreatment heater 24, and the second aftertreatment heater 30 via the operator I / O device 62.

[0031] The operator I / O device 62 enables an operator of the vehicle 10 (or occupants or personnel from the manufacturing, service, or maintenance areas) to communicate with the vehicle 10 and the control device 14. For example, the operator I / O device 62 may include, but is not limited to, an interactive display, a device with a touch-sensitive display, one or more buttons and switches, voice command receivers, and the like. In one embodiment, the operator I / O device 62 may display error messages to the operator of the vehicle.

[0032] Components of the vehicle 10 can communicate with each other or with external components (e.g., a remote control) using any type and number of wired or wireless connections. Communication between and between the control device 14 and the components of the system 10 can occur via any number of wired or wireless connections (e.g., via any IEEE 802 standard). A wired connection can include, for example, a serial cable, a fiber optic cable, a CAT5 cable, or any other form of wired connection. Wireless connections can include the internet, Wi-Fi, cellular networks, radio, Bluetooth, ZigBee, etc. In one embodiment, a controller area network (CAN) bus provides the means for exchanging signals, information, and / or data.The CAN bus includes any number of wired and wireless connections that enable the exchange of signals, information, and / or data. The CAN bus can include a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection can be established with an external computer (for example, via the internet using an internet service provider). Since the control unit 14 is communicable with the systems and components in the vehicle 10... Fig. 1 is coupled, the control device 14 is designed such that it receives data relating to one or more of the in Fig. 1 components shown. For example, the data can include operating data regarding the operating conditions of the motor 16, the reducing agent dosing unit 40, the SCR catalyst 34 and / or other components (e.g., a battery system, a motor, a generator, a regenerative braking system) that are detected by one or more sensors.

[0033] Since it has been shown that the components of Fig. Since the components embodied in the engine system 12 are, the control device 14 can be configured as one or more electronic control units (ECUs). The control device 14 can be separate from or integrated within a transmission control unit, an exhaust aftertreatment control unit, a powertrain control circuit, an engine control circuit, etc. The function and structure of the control device 14 are described in more detail in Fig. 2 described.

[0034] With reference to Fig. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the control device 14 of vehicle 10. Fig. 1 according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 2, the control device 14 includes a processing circuit 204 with a processor 208 and a storage device 212, an aftertreatment heating circuit 216, an intake heating circuit 220, and the communication interface 224. The control device 14 is configured to compare the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 with a predefined aftertreatment temperature threshold. Upon determining that the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 is below the predefined aftertreatment temperature threshold, the control device 14 is configured to command one or more of the engine 16, the intake heating device 19, the first aftertreatment heating device 24, and / or the second aftertreatment heating device 30 to increase the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22.The control device is designed to control one or more of the motor 16, the intake heater 19, the first aftertreatment heater 24 and the second aftertreatment heater 30 to heat the exhaust gas and / or exhaust aftertreatment system 22 based on one or more properties of the battery and a probability that the first aftertreatment heater 24 and / or the second aftertreatment heater 30 is in a fault condition.

[0035] In one configuration, the post-treatment heating circuit 216 and the intake heating circuit 220 are embodied as a machine or computer-readable medium executable by a processor, such as the processor 208. As described herein and in other uses, the machine-readable medium facilitates the performance of certain operations to enable the reception and transmission of data. For example, the machine-readable medium may provide an instruction (e.g., a command) to, for instance, acquire data. In this context, the machine-readable medium may include programmable logic that defines the frequency of data acquisition (or transmission).The computer-readable medium can contain code written in any programming language, including but not limited to Java or similar languages, and all conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar. The computer-readable program code can be executed on a single processor or on multiple remote processors. In the latter case, the remote processors can be interconnected via any type of network (e.g., CAN bus).

[0036] In another configuration, the post-treatment heating circuit 216 and the intake heating circuit 220 can be embodied as one or more circuit components, including, but not limited to, processing circuitry, network interfaces, peripherals, input devices, output devices, sensors, etc. In some embodiments, the post-treatment heating circuit 216 and the intake heating circuit 220 can take the form of one or more analog circuits, electronic circuits (e.g., integrated circuits (ICs), discrete circuits, system-on-chip (SoC) circuits, microcontrollers), telecommunications circuits, hybrid circuits, and any other type of circuit. In this respect, the post-treatment heating circuit 216 and the intake heating circuit 220 can include any type of component to achieve or facilitate the achievement of the operations described herein.A circuit such as that described herein may include, for example, one or more transistors, logic gates (e.g., NAND, AND, NOR, OR, XOR, NOT, XNOR), resistors, multiplexers, registers, capacitors, inductors, diodes, wiring, etc. The post-treatment heating circuit 216 and the intake heating circuit 220 may also include programmable hardware devices such as field-programmable gate arrays, programmable array logic, programmable logic devices, or the like. The post-treatment heating circuit 216 and the intake heating circuit 220 may include one or more memory devices for storing instructions that can be executed by the processors of the post-treatment heating circuit 216 and the intake heating circuit 220.The one or more storage devices and the processor(s) may have the same definition as specified below with respect to the storage device 212 and the processor 208. In some hardware unit configurations, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 and the intake heating circuit 220 may be geographically distributed across separate locations in the vehicle. Alternatively, and as shown, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 and the intake heating circuit 220 may be embodied in or within a single unit / enclosure, which is shown to be the control device 14.

[0037] In the example shown, the control device 14 includes the processing circuit 204 with the processor 208 and the storage device 212. The processing circuit 204 can be constructed or configured to execute or implement the instructions, commands, and / or control operations described herein with respect to the post-treatment heating circuit 216 and the intake heating circuit 220. The configuration shown represents the post-treatment heating circuit 216 and the intake heating circuit 220 as machine- or computer-readable media. As already mentioned, however, this illustration is not intended to be limiting, since other embodiments are also considered in the present disclosure in which the post-treatment heating circuit 216 and the intake heating circuit 220, or at least one circuit of the post-treatment heating circuit 216 and the intake heating circuit 220, are configured as a single hardware unit.All such combinations and variations shall fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0038] The processor 208 can be implemented as one or more general-purpose processors, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), a digital signal processor (DSP), a group of processing components, or other suitable electronic processing components. In some embodiments, the one or more processors can be shared by several circuits (e.g., the post-treatment heating circuit 216 and the intake heating circuit 220 can include or otherwise share the same processor, which in some example embodiments can execute instructions stored in different memory locations or accessed otherwise).Alternatively or additionally, the one or more processors can be configured to perform certain operations independently of one or more co-processors or to execute them in another manner. In other embodiments, two or more processors can be coupled via a bus to enable independent, parallel, pipelined, or multithreaded instruction execution. All such variations are said to fall within the scope of this disclosure. The storage device 212 (e.g., RAM, ROM, flash memory, hard disk storage) can store data and / or computer code to facilitate the various operations described herein. The storage device 212 can be communicatively coupled to the processor 208 to provide the processor 208 with computer code or instructions for executing at least some of the operations described herein.Furthermore, the storage device 212 can be or include tangible, non-temporary storage or non-volatile storage. Accordingly, the storage device 212 can include database components, object code components, script components, or any other type of information structure to support the various activities and information structures described herein.

[0039] The 224 communication interface can include wired or wireless interfaces (e.g., jacks, antennas, transmitters, receivers, transceivers, wire connectors) for data communication with various systems, devices, or networks. For example, the 224 communication interface can include an Ethernet card and connector for sending and receiving data over an Ethernet-based communication network and / or a Wi-Fi transceiver for communication over a wireless communication network. The 224 communication interface can be configured to communicate over local area networks (LANs) or wide area networks (WLANs) (e.g., the Internet) and can use a variety of communication protocols (e.g., IP, LON, Bluetooth, ZigBee, radio, cellular, near field communication).

[0040] The communication interface 224 of the control device 14 can facilitate communication between and between the control device 14 and one or more components of the vehicle 10 (e.g. the engine 16, the exhaust aftertreatment system 22, the NOx sensors 54, 56, the pressure sensor(s) 58 and the temperature sensor(s) 59).

[0041] The aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is designed to receive information indicating a temperature relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22. This temperature information can be the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing through the system, and / or the temperature of one or more components of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22, such as the temperature of the SCR catalyst 34. The temperature information can be an exhaust gas temperature detected by the temperature sensor(s) 59, a temperature of one or more components of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22, a NOx conversion efficiency, or an ambient air temperature (e.g.,(when the engine 16 is operating under cold start conditions), the exhaust gas temperature at or near the engine exhaust manifold 20, the engine coolant temperature, the engine exhaust gas temperature, and so on. The temperature of one or more components of the exhaust aftertreatment system can include the temperature of the SCR catalyst 34, the temperature of the DOC 26, the temperature of the DPF 28, and / or the temperature of one or more of the reducing agent dosing units 40. In such embodiments, one or more temperature sensors can be coupled to the SCR catalyst 34, the DOC 26, the DPF 28, and / or the reducing agent dosing units 40. The NOx conversion efficiency can be determined based on a difference between the intake and exhaust NOx concentrations, which are determined by the intake and exhaust NOx sensors 54 and 56.The NOx conversion efficiency can be an indicator of the exhaust gas temperature and / or the component(s) of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22. Lower NOx conversion efficiencies can correspond to lower catalyst temperatures, particularly of the SCR catalyst 34, since lower SCR catalyst 34 temperatures correspond to reduced SCR catalyst 34 efficiency. In some embodiments, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can be configured to determine the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 based on information displayed by the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 using a lookup table, algorithm, etc. In some embodiments, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can be configured to determine a heating period for the exhaust aftertreatment system based on information displayed by the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 using a lookup table, algorithm, etc.determined, which indicate the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22. In such embodiments, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can be configured to heat the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 for the heating period of the aftertreatment system. The heating period refers to the amount of time during which the first aftertreatment heating device 24 and / or the second aftertreatment heating device 30 are operated to heat the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 in order to raise the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 to a predefined temperature threshold. The predefined threshold is a temperature or temperature range at which the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 and / or components of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22, such as the SCR catalyst 34 and / or the AMOx catalyst 36, operate efficiently (e.g., above 200 °C).

[0042] The aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is designed to determine the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 based on information indicating the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22. The aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is designed to compare the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 with the predefined temperature threshold. In response to determining that the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 is at or above the predefined temperature threshold, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 determines that the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 is unlikely to benefit from heating.In response to the determination that the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 is below the predefined threshold, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 determines that the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 should be heated.

[0043] The post-treatment heating circuit 216 is designed to receive information indicating a property of the battery 17. This property can include one or more states of charge (SOC), a state of health (SOH), and a voltage. The post-treatment heating circuit 216 compares this property with a first predefined battery property threshold. This first predefined battery property threshold can be an SOC threshold, an SOH threshold, and / or a voltage threshold indicating that the battery 17 can drive the first post-treatment heating device 24 for at least a predefined period of time.In certain situations, as described herein, and in response to the determination that the property of battery 17 is below the first predefined battery threshold, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is configured to control the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 without using the first or second aftertreatment heating device 24, 30. Controlling the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 without using the first or second aftertreatment heating device 24, 30, in order to increase the exhaust gas temperature, may involve one or more of the following: changes in engine operation, HC dosing, fuel post-injection, or manipulation of the charge air.For example, when changing engine operation, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can increase the load of engine 16, the speed of engine 16, and / or deactivate one or more cylinders of engine 16 to increase the exhaust gas temperature. Fuel post-injection involves injecting fuel into the engine cylinders after the fuel that was burned during the cylinder's combustion stroke has been injected. The fuel added via fuel post-injection does not burn inside the engine cylinders. Instead, the fuel travels with the exhaust gas to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22. The fuel undergoes an exothermic reaction via the DOC 26, which increases the exhaust gas temperature. Charge air manipulation involves bypassing charge air coolers when charge air is routed to the engine cylinders.This results in combustion at a higher temperature and a higher temperature exhaust gas exiting the motor 16. The aftertreatment heating circuit 216 does not activate the first aftertreatment heating device 24 or the second aftertreatment heating device 30. In this respect, the available amount of battery power is below a predefined threshold, thus avoiding additional discharge of the battery 17 to drive the first or second heating device 24 and 30.

[0044] In response to the determination that the property of battery 17 is at or above the first predefined battery property threshold, the post-treatment heating circuit 216 is configured to compare the property of battery 17 with a second predefined battery property threshold. The second predefined battery property threshold indicates that battery 17 can provide more power than battery 17 when its property is below the first predefined battery property threshold. The second predefined battery property threshold can be a state of charge (SOC) threshold, a state of health (SOH) threshold, and / or a voltage threshold, indicating that battery 17 can drive both the first post-treatment heating device 24 and the second post-treatment heating device 30 for at least a predefined period of time.

[0045] In response to the determination that the property of battery 17 is at or above the first predefined battery property threshold and below the second predefined battery property threshold, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is configured to operate the first aftertreatment heater 24 to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust aftertreatment system 22. In some embodiments, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is configured to modulate the amount of heat supplied by the first aftertreatment heater 24 based on the property of battery 17. For example, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can reduce the output, power consumption, and / or load of the first aftertreatment heater 24. In some embodiments, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can also modify the engine operation to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas.For example, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can be designed in such a way that it changes the engine operation, the HC dosing, the fuel post-injection and / or manipulates the charge air in order to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas.

[0046] In response to the determination that the property of battery 17 is above the second battery property threshold, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can use both the first aftertreatment heating device 24 and the second aftertreatment heating device 30 to heat the exhaust gas.

[0047] For example, under certain conditions, the engine 16 can start from a cold start. As used herein, the term "cold start" refers to starting the engine 16 after it has been switched off for a period of time such that its temperature is essentially equal to that of the outside or ambient temperature. In very cold situations (e.g., below the freezing point of water), the engine 16, and therefore the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 (including the SCR catalyst 34), is similarly cold, meaning that an increase in temperature, which contributes to improved efficiency, is particularly important for the operability of the SCR catalyst 34 in the vehicle 10.Under cold-start conditions, warming the engine 16 and the components of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 with the engine exhaust requires more time and energy relative to the amount of time and energy required to warm an engine 16 and an exhaust aftertreatment system 22 that are already warm. The term "warm" generally refers to conditions under which the engine 16 has been switched off, but the engine 16 and the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 are not substantially at the same temperature as the ambient or outside ambient temperature.The aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can be designed to determine that the engine 16 is warm, based on determining that the engine temperature is above a predefined engine temperature threshold, a coolant temperature is above a predefined coolant temperature threshold, an oil temperature is above a predefined oil temperature threshold, and / or an oil pressure is above a predefined oil pressure threshold.

[0048] In embodiments where the engine 16 starts from a cold start, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is configured to use both the first aftertreatment heater 24 and the second aftertreatment heater 30 to heat the exhaust gas until the temperature with respect to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 reaches a predefined threshold. The aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can then switch off the second aftertreatment heater 30 and use the first aftertreatment heater 24 for heat management. In another example, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can be configured to continue heating the exhaust gas with the first aftertreatment heater 24.In response to the finding that a temperature with respect to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 has not reached a predefined temperature threshold after a predefined period of time, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is designed to use the second aftertreatment heating device 30 in conjunction with the first aftertreatment heating device 24 to heat the exhaust gas.

[0049] The post-treatment heating circuit 216 can receive information indicating that the first post-treatment heater 24 may be in a fault condition. Conditions that create the fault condition may include one or more fault codes that determine that a temperature downstream of the first post-treatment heater 24 is not rising, and / or that a voltage and / or current is flowing through the first post-treatment heater 24. Under such conditions, the post-treatment heating circuit 216 is configured to operate the second post-treatment heater 30 as described above with respect to the first post-treatment heater 24, instead of using the first post-treatment heater 24.

[0050] Fig. Figure 3 shows an exemplary method 300 for heating an exhaust aftertreatment system after a cold start according to an exemplary embodiment. Method 300 starts, in response to the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 determining that the engine 16 is undergoing a cold start, at process 304. In process 308, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 determines the property of the battery 17 based on information indicating the battery's property. In process 312, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 compares the battery's property with the first predefined battery property threshold. The first predefined battery property threshold can be a state of charge (SOC) threshold, a state of health (SOH) threshold, and / or a voltage threshold indicating that the battery 17 can drive the first aftertreatment heating device 24 for at least a predefined period of time.In process 316, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216, in response to determining that the property of battery 17 is below the first predefined battery property threshold, increases the exhaust gas temperature without using the first or second aftertreatment heating device 24, 30. For example, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can modify engine operation, HC dosing, fuel post-injection, and / or manipulate the charge air to increase the exhaust gas temperature. The aftertreatment heating circuit 216 does not drive the first aftertreatment heating device 24 or the second aftertreatment heating device 30.

[0051] In process 320, in response to determining that the property of battery 17 is at or above the first predefined battery property threshold, the post-treatment heating circuit 216 compares the property of battery 17 with a second predefined battery property threshold. The second predefined battery property threshold is higher than the first predefined battery property threshold. The second predefined battery property threshold can be a state of charge (SOC) threshold, a state of health (SOH) threshold, and / or a voltage threshold, indicating that battery 17 can drive both the first post-treatment heating device 24 and the second post-treatment heating device 30 for at least a predefined time period.

[0052] In process 324, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216, in response to determining that the property of the battery 17 is at or above the first predefined battery property threshold and below the second predefined battery property threshold, operates the first aftertreatment heating device 24 to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust aftertreatment system 22. In some embodiments, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can modulate the amount of heat supplied by the first aftertreatment heating device 24 based on the property of the battery 17. For example, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can reduce the output, load, and / or current consumption of the first aftertreatment heating device 24.In some embodiments, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can also modify the engine operation, the HC metering, the fuel post-injection and / or manipulate the charge air to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas.

[0053] In process 328, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 determines a probability that the first aftertreatment heating device 24 is in a fault condition. In process 332, in response to determining that the first aftertreatment heating device 24 is likely to be in a fault condition, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 operates the second aftertreatment heating device 30 to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas aftertreatment system 22 as described above with respect to process 324.

[0054] In process 336, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216, in response to determining that the battery property is above the second battery property threshold, can use both the first aftertreatment heater 24 and the second aftertreatment heater 30 to heat the exhaust gas. In process 340, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 switches off the second aftertreatment heater 30 to determine that the temperature with respect to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 has reached a predefined threshold. The aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can still use the first aftertreatment heater 24 for heat management.

[0055] In process 344, the post-treatment heating circuit 216 determines a probability that the first post-treatment heating device 24 is in a fault condition. In process 348, in response to determining that the first post-treatment heating device 24 is likely to be in a fault condition, the post-treatment heating circuit 216 operates the second post-treatment heating device 30 for heat management. In process 352, in response to determining that the first post-treatment heating device 24 is likely not in a fault condition, the post-treatment heating circuit 216 operates the first post-treatment heating device 24 for heat management.

[0056] Fig. Figure 4 shows an exemplary method 400 for heating an exhaust aftertreatment system 22 according to an exemplary embodiment. The method 400 starts in response to the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 determining that the engine 16 is warm (i.e., no cold start condition) at process 404. In process 408, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 determines the property of the battery 17 based on information indicating the battery 17's property. In process 412, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 compares the property of the battery 17 with the first predefined battery property threshold. The first predefined battery property threshold can be a state of charge (SOC) threshold, a state of health (SOH) threshold, and / or a voltage threshold indicating that the battery 17 can drive the first aftertreatment heating device 24 for at least a predefined period of time.In process 416, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216, in response to determining that the property of battery 17 is below the first predefined battery threshold, increases the exhaust gas temperature without using the first or second aftertreatment heating device 24, 40. For example, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can modify engine operation, HC dosing, fuel post-injection, and / or manipulate the charge air to increase the exhaust gas temperature. The aftertreatment heating circuit 216 does not drive the first aftertreatment heating device 24 or the second aftertreatment heating device 30.

[0057] In process 420, in response to determining that the property of battery 17 is at or above the first predefined battery property threshold, the post-treatment heating circuit 216 compares the property of battery 17 with a second predefined battery property threshold. The second predefined battery property threshold is higher than the first predefined battery property threshold. The second predefined battery property threshold can be a state of charge (SOC) threshold, a state of health (SOH) threshold, and / or a voltage threshold, indicating that battery 17 can drive both the first post-treatment heating device 24 and the second post-treatment heating device 30 for at least a predefined time period.

[0058] In process 424, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216, in response to determining that the battery property is at or above the first predefined battery property threshold and below the second predefined battery property threshold, operates the first aftertreatment heating device 24 to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust aftertreatment system 22. In some embodiments, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can modulate the amount of heat supplied by the first aftertreatment heating device 24 based on the battery property. For example, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can reduce the output, power consumption, and / or load of the first aftertreatment heating device 24.In some embodiments, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can also modify the engine operation, the HC metering, the fuel post-injection and / or manipulate the charge air to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas.

[0059] In process 428, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 determines a probability that the first aftertreatment heater 24 is in a fault condition. For example, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 may determine that the first aftertreatment heater 24 is in a fault condition based on a fault code, by determining that a temperature downstream of the first aftertreatment heater 24 is not rising, and / or based on a voltage and / or current flowing through the first aftertreatment heater 24. In process 432, in response to determining that the first aftertreatment heater 24 is likely to be in a fault condition, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 operates the second aftertreatment heater 30 to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 as described above in relation to process 424.

[0060] In process 436, in response to determining that the property of battery 17 is above the second battery property threshold, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 uses the first aftertreatment heater 24 to heat the exhaust gas. In process 440, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 determines a probability that the first aftertreatment heater 24 is in a fault condition. In process 444, in response to determining that the first aftertreatment heater 24 is likely to be in a fault condition, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 operates the second aftertreatment heater 30 to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 as described above with respect to process 436.

[0061] In process 448, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 determines whether the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 has reached a predefined temperature threshold after a predefined time period. In process 452, in response to determining that the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 has not reached a predefined temperature threshold after a predefined time period, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 heats the exhaust gas using both the first aftertreatment heating device 24 and the second aftertreatment heating device 30.

[0062] In some embodiments, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can be configured to use the second aftertreatment heating device 30 and / or the first aftertreatment heating device 24 to mitigate compound deposits in the exhaust aftertreatment system 22. The compound deposits may be reducing agent deposits. In such embodiments, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is configured to determine that a compound deposit is likely present. In some cases, the compound deposit may be located upstream of the SCR (e.g., near the DEF metering device 40). For example, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 may receive information indicating a pressure relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 and determine that a compound deposit is likely present based on this pressure relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22.In some embodiments, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can determine that a compound deposit is likely present in response to the determination that the pressure with respect to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 was above a predefined pressure threshold for a predefined period of time. In some embodiments, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can determine that one or more compound deposits are likely present based on the NOx conversion efficiency of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22.

[0063] The aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is designed to activate the second aftertreatment heating device 30 to heat the exhaust gas to a predefined temperature threshold for the removal of compound deposits. The aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is designed to compare the temperature at the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 with the predefined temperature threshold for the removal of compound deposits after a predefined time period. Upon determining that the temperature at the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 is at or above the predefined threshold for the removal of compound deposits, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 continues to heat the exhaust gas using the second aftertreatment heating device 30.The post-treatment heating circuit 216 can receive information indicating that the second post-treatment heater 30 is likely in a fault condition. Conditions that create the fault condition may include one or more fault codes that determine that a temperature downstream of the second post-treatment heater 30 is not rising and / or a voltage and / or current is not flowing through the second post-treatment heater 30. Under such conditions, the post-treatment heating circuit 216 is configured to operate the first post-treatment heater 24 as described above with respect to the second post-treatment heater 30, instead of using the second post-treatment heater 30.

[0064] In response to the determination that the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 is below the predefined threshold for the removal of compound deposits, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is configured to activate the first aftertreatment heater 24 to assist the second aftertreatment heater 30. The aftertreatment circuit 216 heats the exhaust gas using both the first aftertreatment heater 24 and the second aftertreatment heater 30 to mitigate the compound deposits. The aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is configured to compare the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 with the predefined temperature threshold for the removal of compound deposits after a predefined time period.In response to the determination that the temperature relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 is at or above the predefined threshold for the removal of compound deposits, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 further heats the exhaust gas using the first aftertreatment heater 24 and the second aftertreatment heater 30. Furthermore, in response to the determination that the temperature relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 is at or above the predefined threshold for the removal of compound deposits, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 further heats the exhaust gas using the first aftertreatment heater 24 and the second aftertreatment heater 30 and introduces unburned carbon (HC) into the exhaust gas upstream of the DOC 26 to assist the first and second aftertreatment heaters 24 and 30 in heating the exhaust gas.Introducing unburned HC into the exhaust gas upstream of the DOC 26 creates an exothermic oxidation reaction above the DOC 26 and increases the temperature of the exhaust gas to mitigate the compound deposits.

[0065] Fig. Figure 5 shows an exemplary method 500 for heating the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 to mitigate one or more compound deposits according to an exemplary embodiment. In process 504, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 determines that one or more compound deposits are likely present. For example, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can receive information indicating a pressure relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 and determine that this one compound deposit is likely present based on the pressure relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22.

[0066] In process 508, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 activates the second aftertreatment heater 30 to heat the exhaust gas to a predefined temperature threshold for the removal of compound deposits. In process 512, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 determines a probability that the second aftertreatment heater 30 is in a fault condition. In process 516, in response to determining that the second aftertreatment heater 30 is likely to be in a fault condition, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 activates the first aftertreatment heater 24 to heat the exhaust gas to the predefined temperature threshold for the removal of compound deposits.

[0067] In process 520, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 compares the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 with the predefined temperature threshold for the removal of compound deposits after a predefined time period. Upon determining that the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 is at or above the predefined threshold for the removal of compound deposits, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 further heats the exhaust gas using the second aftertreatment heating device 30.

[0068] In process 524, in response to the determination that the temperature with respect to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 is below the predefined threshold for the removal of compound deposits, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is configured to activate the first aftertreatment heating device 24 and to heat the exhaust gas with both the first aftertreatment heating device 24 and the second aftertreatment heating device 30 in order to mitigate the compound deposit.

[0069] In process 528, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 compares the temperature relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 with the predefined temperature threshold for compound removal after a predefined time period. Upon determining that the temperature relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 is at or above the predefined threshold for compound removal, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 further heats the exhaust gas using the first aftertreatment heating device 24 and the second aftertreatment heating device 30.

[0070] At 532, in response to determining that the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 is still below the predefined temperature for compound removal after a predefined time period, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 further heats the exhaust gas using the first aftertreatment heating device 24 and the second aftertreatment heating device 30 and introduces unburned HC upstream of the DOC 26 into the exhaust gas, thereby generating an exothermic reaction across the DOC 26 and increasing the temperature of the exhaust gas to mitigate the compound deposit.

[0071] In some embodiments, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can be configured to use the first aftertreatment heating device 24 to regenerate the DPF 28 either independently or in conjunction with the generation of exhaust gas at a desired DPF regeneration temperature without using the first aftertreatment heating device 24. Generating exhaust gas at the desired DPF regeneration temperature without using the first aftertreatment heating device 24 can, to increase the exhaust gas temperature, involve one or more of the following: changes in engine operation, HC dosing, fuel post-injection, or manipulation of the charge air. In such embodiments, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is configured to receive information indicating the state of the DPF 28.Information indicating the condition of the DPF 28 can include a pressure drop across the DPF 28, a pressure relative to the DPF 28, a predicted soot load of the DPF 28, and / or the expiration of a timer. The predicted soot load of the DPF 28 can be determined based on a model, a lookup table, or an algorithm that can predict the soot load of the DPF 28 based on fuel consumption, the combustion conditions of the engine 16, and the amount of soot in the exhaust gas, etc. The aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is designed to determine a probability that the DPF 28 requires regeneration based on the information indicating the condition of the DPF 28. In response to determining that the DPF 28 is likely to require regeneration, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is designed to receive information regarding the temperature of the DOC 26.The aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is designed to compare the temperature information of the DOC 26 with a predefined HC oxidation threshold. Upon determining that the temperature of the DOC 26 exceeds the predefined HC oxidation threshold, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 commands the injection of unburned HC into the exhaust gas upstream of the DOC 26, thereby generating an exothermic reaction across the DOC 26 and increasing the exhaust gas temperature to regenerate the DPF 28.

[0072] In response to the determination that the temperature with respect to the DOC 26 is less than or equal to the predefined HC oxidation threshold, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is configured such that the first aftertreatment heating device 24 is activated to heat the exhaust gas to the predefined HC oxidation threshold.

[0073] Fig. Figure 6 shows an exemplary method 600 for heating an exhaust aftertreatment system 22 to regenerate the DPF 28, according to an exemplary embodiment. In process 604, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 receives information indicating the state of the DPF 28. This information may include a pressure drop across the DPF 28. In process 608, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 determines the probability that the DPF 28 requires regeneration based on the information indicating its state. In process 612, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 receives information regarding the temperature of the DOC 26 in response to the determination that the DPF 28 probably requires regeneration. In process 616, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 compares the information regarding the temperature of the DOC 26 with a predefined HC oxidation threshold.The predefined HC oxidation threshold is a temperature or temperature range at or above which unburned HC injected upstream of DOC 26 reacts with DOC 26 in an exothermic reaction. In process 620, in response to determining that the temperature relative to DOC 26 is above the predefined HC oxidation threshold, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 commands the injection of unburned HC into the exhaust gas upstream of DOC 26, thereby generating an exothermic reaction above DOC 26 and raising the exhaust gas temperature to regenerate DPF 28.

[0074] In process 624, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216, in response to determining that the temperature with respect to the DOC 26 is less than or equal to the predefined HC oxidation threshold, operates the first aftertreatment heating device 24 to heat the exhaust gas to the predefined HC threshold.

[0075] Under cool or cold ambient temperature conditions, the intake heater 19 warms the intake air used for combustion, promoting higher combustion temperatures, which in turn warms the engine 16 and the exhaust aftertreatment system 22. In embodiments where the vehicle 10 incorporates the intake heater 19, the intake heater circuit 220 is configured to control the intake heater 19 to modulate the air temperature entering the air intake manifold 18 and / or to warm the exhaust aftertreatment system 22.

[0076] In some embodiments, the intake heating circuit 220 can operate the intake heating device 19 under cold-start engine operating conditions. The intake heating circuit 220 is configured to receive information indicating a property of the battery 17. This property can include one or more of the battery 17's state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), and voltage. The intake heating circuit 220 compares this battery 17 property with a predefined battery property threshold. This predefined battery property threshold can be a SOC threshold, a SOH threshold, and / or a voltage threshold indicating that the battery 17 drives the second after-treatment heating device 30 for at least a predefined period of time.In response to the determination that the property of battery 17 is below the predefined battery threshold, the intake heating circuit 220 is configured to increase the exhaust gas temperature without using the intake heating device 19. To increase the exhaust gas temperature, the intake heating circuit 220 can raise the exhaust gas temperature without using the intake heating device 19 by one or more of the following: changes to engine operation, HC dosing, fuel post-injection, or manipulation of the charge air. The intake heating circuit 220 does not activate the intake heating device 19.

[0077] In response to the determination that the property of battery 17 exceeds the predefined battery property threshold, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is configured to heat the air entering the air intake manifold 18 using the intake heater 19 for a predefined engine warm-up period (this can depend on the ambient temperature, such that colder ambient temperatures correspond to longer warm-up periods). The predefined engine warm-up period can be the time required for engine 16 to reach a predefined engine temperature threshold (or another threshold such as an oil temperature or flow rate, etc.).

[0078] The intake heating circuit 220 is configured to receive information indicating the temperature relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22. The intake heating circuit 220 is configured to determine the temperature relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22, as described above with respect to the aftertreatment heating circuit 216. The intake heating circuit 220 is configured to compare the temperature relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 with a predefined aftertreatment temperature threshold. The predefined aftertreatment temperature threshold is essentially the same as the predefined aftertreatment temperature threshold described above with respect to the aftertreatment heating circuit 216.In response to the determination that the temperature with respect to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 is at or below the predefined aftertreatment threshold, the intake heating circuit 220 is designed to increase the temperature with respect to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22.

[0079] In embodiments that include the second aftertreatment heater 30, the intake heating circuit 220 can receive information indicating that the second aftertreatment heater 30 may be in a fault condition. Conditions that establish the fault condition may include one or more fault codes that determine that a temperature downstream of the second aftertreatment heater 30 is not rising and / or a voltage and / or current is not flowing through the second aftertreatment heater 30. In response to the determination that the second aftertreatment heater 30 is unlikely to be in a fault condition, the intake heating circuit 220 is configured to deactivate the intake heater 19 after the predefined warm-up period of the engine.The aftertreatment heating circuit 216 is designed in such a way that it heats the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas aftertreatment system 22 using the second aftertreatment heating device 30.

[0080] In response to the determination that the second aftertreatment heater 30 is likely in a fault condition or that the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 does not include the second aftertreatment heater 30, the intake heating circuit 220 is configured to continue heating the air entering the air intake manifold 18 after the predefined engine warm-up period. The intake heating circuit 220 is configured to cease heating the air entering the air intake manifold 18 in response to the determination that the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 exceeds the predefined aftertreatment temperature threshold.

[0081] In embodiments that include both the first aftertreatment heater 24 and the second aftertreatment heater 30, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 can, in response to a determination that the second aftertreatment heater 30 is likely to be in a faulty condition, operate the first aftertreatment heater 24 to heat the exhaust aftertreatment system 22. In embodiments that include both the first aftertreatment heater 24 and the second aftertreatment heater 30, the intake heating circuit 220, in response to a determination that both the first aftertreatment heater 24 and the second aftertreatment heater 30 are likely to be in a faulty condition, can operate the intake heater 19 to heat the exhaust aftertreatment system 22.In some embodiments, the intake heater 19, the first aftertreatment heater 24 and the second aftertreatment heater 30 can all be activated to provide heat to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22, based on the power available to the power source for the heaters (e.g. the battery 17 and / or the alternator 15).

[0082] Fig. Figure 7 shows an exemplary method 700 for heating an exhaust aftertreatment system 22 using the intake heater 19 after a cold start according to an exemplary embodiment. The method 700 starts in response to the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 determining that the engine 16 is undergoing a cold start, at process 704. In process 708, the intake heater circuit 220 receives information indicating a property of the battery 17 and determines the property of the battery 17. The property of the battery 17 may include one or more of the state of charge (SOC) of the battery 17, the state of health (SOH) of the battery 17, and the voltage of the battery 17. In process 712, the intake heater circuit 220 compares the property of the battery 17 with a predefined battery property threshold.The predefined battery property threshold can be a state of charge (SOC) threshold, a state of health (SOH) threshold, and / or a voltage threshold indicating that the battery 17 can drive the first aftertreatment heater 24 for at least a predefined period of time. In process 716, the intake heater circuit 220, in response to the determination that the battery 17 property is below the predefined battery threshold, is configured to increase the exhaust gas temperature without using the intake heater 19. Increasing the exhaust gas temperature, without using the intake heater 19, can involve one or more of the following: changes in engine operation, hydrocarbon metering, fuel post-injection, or charge air manipulation. The intake heater circuit 220 does not activate the intake heater 19.

[0083] In process 720, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216, in response to determining that the property of the battery 17 is above the predefined battery property threshold, heats the air entering the air intake manifold 18 using the intake heating device 19 for a predefined engine warm-up period.

[0084] In process 724, the intake heating circuit 220 receives information indicating the temperature relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22. In process 728, the intake heating circuit 220 compares the temperature relative to the aftertreatment system 22 with a predefined aftertreatment temperature threshold. In process 732, in response to determining that the temperature relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 is at or below the predefined aftertreatment temperature threshold, the intake heating circuit 220 receives information indicating the probability that the second aftertreatment heating device 30 may be in a fault condition.

[0085] In process 736, the intake heating circuit 220, in embodiments including the second aftertreatment heater 30, can receive information indicating that the second aftertreatment heater 30 may be in a fault condition. In process 740, in response to the determination that the second aftertreatment heater 30 is probably not in a fault condition, the intake heating circuit 220 switches off the intake heater 19 after the predefined engine warm-up period. The aftertreatment heating circuit 216 heats the exhaust gas in the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 using the second aftertreatment heater 30. In process 744, in response to the determination that the second aftertreatment heater 30 is probably in a fault condition, the intake heating circuit 220 continues to heat the air entering the intake heater 19 after the predefined engine warm-up period.In embodiments that do not include the second aftertreatment heating device 30, the intake heating circuit 220 skips operations 736 and 740. In operation 748, the intake heating circuit 220 no longer heats the air entering the air intake manifold 18 in response to the determination that the temperature with respect to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 is above the predefined aftertreatment temperature threshold.

[0086] Fig. Figure 8 shows an exemplary method 800 for heating an exhaust aftertreatment system using the intake heater 19 after the engine 16 is warm, according to an exemplary embodiment. The method 800 starts in response to the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 determining that the engine 16 is warm (i.e., that the engine 16 has not recently been cold-started). In process 804, the intake heater circuit 220 is configured to receive information indicating the temperature relative to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22. In process 808, the intake heater circuit 220 is configured to compare the temperature relative to the aftertreatment system 22 with a predefined aftertreatment temperature threshold.In process 812, the intake heating circuit 220, in response to determining that the temperature with respect to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 is at or below the predefined aftertreatment threshold, requests information indicating a property of the battery 17.

[0087] In process 816, the intake heating circuit 220 receives information indicating the properties of battery 17. These properties can include one or more of the battery's state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), and voltage. In process 820, the intake heating circuit 220 compares the battery's properties with a predefined battery property threshold. This predefined threshold can be an SOC threshold, a SOH threshold, and / or a voltage threshold indicating that battery 17 can drive the intake heating device 19 and / or the second after-treatment heating device 30 for at least a predefined period of time.In process 824, the intake heating circuit 220, in response to determining that the characteristic of battery 17 is below the predefined battery threshold, increases the exhaust gas temperature without using the intake heating device 19. Increasing the exhaust gas temperature without using the intake heating device 19 can involve one or more of the following: changes in engine operation, HC dosing, fuel post-injection, or manipulation of the charge air. The intake heating circuit 220 does not activate the intake heating device 19.

[0088] In process 828, the intake heating circuit 220, in embodiments including the second aftertreatment heating device 30, can receive information indicating that the second aftertreatment heating device 30 may be in a fault condition. In process 832, in response to the determination that the second aftertreatment heating device 30 is probably not in a fault condition, the aftertreatment heating circuit 216 heats the exhaust gas in the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 using the second aftertreatment heating device 30. In process 836, in response to the determination that the second aftertreatment heating device 30 is probably in a fault condition, or in embodiments not including the second aftertreatment heating device 30, the intake heating circuit 220 heats the air entering the air intake manifold 18 using the intake heating device 19.At 840, the intake heating circuit 220 no longer heats the air entering the air intake manifold 18, in response to the determination that the temperature with respect to the exhaust aftertreatment system 22 is above the predefined aftertreatment temperature threshold.

[0089] No claim element herein shall be construed in accordance with the provisions of 35 USC (Code of Laws of the United States - USC) § 112(f), unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for”.

[0090] For the purposes of this disclosure, the term “coupled” means the connection or linking of two elements directly or indirectly. Such a connection may be stationary or movable. For example, a driveshaft of an engine that is “coupled” to a gearbox constitutes a movable coupling. Such a connection may be achieved with the two elements or with the two elements and any additional intermediate elements. Thus, for example, “coupled” to circuit A communicating with circuit B may mean that circuit A communicates directly with circuit B (i.e., without an intermediary) or communicates indirectly with circuit B (e.g., through one or more intermediaries).

[0091] While in Fig. Since two different circuits with specific functionality are shown, it is understood that the control device 14 can include any number of circuits to complete the functions described herein. For example, the activities and functions of circuits 220-222 can be combined in several circuits or as a single circuit. Additional circuits with additional functionality can also be included. Furthermore, the control device 14 can also control other activities that go beyond the scope of this disclosure.

[0092] As mentioned above, and in one configuration, the "circuits" can be implemented in a machine-readable medium for execution by various types of processors, such as the 208 processor from Fig.2. An identified circuit of executable code may, for example, comprise one or more physical or logical blocks of computer instructions, which may be organized as an object, a procedure, or a function. However, the executable files of an identified circuit need not be physically located together; they may comprise different instructions stored in different locations. When logically connected, these instructions comprise the circuit and achieve its stated purpose. Indeed, a circuit of computer-readable program code can be a single instruction or many instructions and may even be distributed across multiple different code segments, between different programs, and across multiple storage devices.Similarly, operational data can be identified and implemented within circuits, existing in any suitable form and organized in any suitable type of data structure. The operational data can be collected as a single data set, or it can be distributed across different locations, including different storage devices, and it can exist, at least partially, simply as electronic signals within a system or network.

[0093] While the term "processor" is defined briefly above, the terms "processor" and "processing circuit" are to be interpreted broadly. In this respect, and as mentioned above, the "processor" may be implemented as one or more general-purpose processors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), digital signal processors (DSPs), or other suitable electronic data processing components configured to execute instructions provided by memory. The one or more processors may be in the form of a single-core processor, a multi-core processor (e.g., a dual-core processor, triple-core processor, quad-core processor), a microprocessor, etc. In some embodiments, the one or more processors may be external to the setup; for example, the one or more processors may be a remote processor (e.g., a remote controller).a cloud-based processor). Alternatively or additionally, the one or more processors may be located internally and / or locally within the facility. In this respect, a particular circuit or components thereof may be located locally (e.g., as part of a local server, a local computer system, etc.) or remotely (e.g., as part of a remote server such as a cloud-based server). To this end, a “circuit” described herein may include components distributed across one or more locations.

[0094] Although the diagrams herein may show a particular order and composition of the process steps, the sequence of these steps may differ from that shown. For example, two or more steps may be performed simultaneously or partially simultaneously. Furthermore, some process steps that are performed as discrete steps may be combined, steps that are performed as a combined step may be subdivided into discrete steps, the order of certain operations may be reversed or otherwise varied, and the type or number of discrete operations may be changed or varied. The order or sequence of an element or device may be varied or replaced according to alternative embodiments. All such modifications are said to fall within the scope of this disclosure, as defined in the appended claims.Such variations depend on the selected machine-readable media and hardware systems and on the designer's choice. All such variations are possible within the scope of disclosure.

[0095] The foregoing description of the embodiments has been presented for illustrative and descriptive purposes. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure to the exact form disclosed, and modifications and variations are possible in light of the foregoing teachings or can be derived from this disclosure. The embodiments have been selected and described to explain the principles of the disclosure and their practical application, so that a person skilled in the art may utilize the various embodiments with different modifications suitable for the respective intended use. Other substitutions, modifications, changes, and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions, and arrangement of the embodiments without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as expressed in the appended claims.

[0096] Accordingly, the present disclosure may exist in other specific forms without any departure from its spirit or essential features. The described embodiments are to be regarded in every respect as illustrative only and not as limiting. The scope of the disclosure is therefore defined more by the appended claims than by the preceding description. All modifications that are in the sense and within the scope of equivalence of the claims are to be included in their scope.

Claims

[1] System, encompassing: a first heating device (19) which is positioned in or near an air intake (18) of an engine (16); a second heating device (30) positioned in exhaust gas receiving connection with the engine (16); and a control unit (220) which is coupled to the first heating device (19) and the second heating device (30), wherein the control unit (220) is configured to: Determine (304, 704) that the engine (16) is subjected to a cold start; Determine (308, 708) a property of a battery (17) based on receiving information that specifies the property of the battery (17); Causing (316, 716) an increase in the temperature of the exhaust gas without using the first heating device (19) or the second heating device (30), in response to determining, that the property of the battery (17) is below a predefined threshold value and that the engine (16) is subjected to a cold start; Activating (324, 720) the first heating device (19) for a predefined engine warm-up period in response to determining that the property of the battery (17) is above the predefined threshold; Receiving (724) information indicating a temperature of an exhaust aftertreatment system coupled to the engine (16); Comparing (728) the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system with a predefined aftertreatment temperature threshold; Determine (328, 732) that the second heating device (30) is in a fault condition or is likely to be in a fault condition in response to Determine (320) that the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system (22) is at or below a predefined aftertreatment temperature threshold; Continuing (744) heating with the first heating device (19) after the predefined engine warm-up period in response to determining (344) that the second aftertreatment heating device (30) is in a fault condition or is likely to be in a fault condition; and Deactivating (748) the first heating device (19) in response to the determination that the temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment system (22) is above the predefined aftertreatment temperature threshold. [2] System according to claim 1, wherein causing (316, 716) the temperature of the exhaust gas to increase comprises at least one of changing an engine operating state which causes the introduction of hydrocarbons into the exhaust gas or manipulating a charge air composition to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas. [3] System according to claim 1, wherein the control (220) is configured to: Deactivating (740) the first heating device after the predefined engine warm-up period has elapsed in response to determining that the second heating device is operational and is unlikely to be in a fault condition.

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