Hybrid drive system for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle

Abstract

Hybrid drive system (10) for a motor vehicle, comprising: -an internal combustion engine (12) having a crankshaft (14), -an electrical machine (46) having a rotor (50), -a transmission (22) comprising: ◯ a spur gear unit (24) with an input shaft (26) which is or can be coupled in a rotationally fixed manner to the crankshaft (14) and an output shaft (30) arranged parallel to the input shaft (26), and ◯ a planetary gear (34) having a first element (36), a second element (38) and a third element (40), and -a differential gear (44), -a first switching element (SE1), by means of which the crankshaft (14) can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the input shaft (26), wherein: -the rotor (50) of the electric machine (46) is coupled to the input shaft (26) in such a way that torques provided by the electric machine (46) via the rotor (50) can be introduced into the transmission (22) via the input shaft (26), -the input shaft (26) is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the first element (36), -the second element (38) is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a first fixed gear (55) and -the first fixed gear (55) permanently meshes with a first loose gear (56) arranged coaxially to the output shaft (30), -a second fixed gear (80) connected to the input shaft (26) in a rotationally fixed manner and permanently meshing with a second loose gear (82) arranged coaxially to the output shaft (30), characterized by a third fixed gear (86) which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the input shaft (26) and to which the rotor (50) is coupled in such a way that the torques provided by the electric machine (46) via the rotor (50) can be introduced into the transmission (22) via the third fixed gear (86), wherein, viewed in the axial direction of the crankshaft (14), the first switching element (SE1), the third fixed gear (86), the second fixed gear (80), the first fixed gear (55) and the planetary gear (34) are arranged one after the other in the following sequence: the first switching element (SE1) - the third fixed gear (86) - the second fixed gear (80) - the first fixed gear (55) - the planetary gear (34).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a hybrid drive system for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

[0002] DE 10 2018 005 034 A1 discloses a hybrid drive system with an internal combustion engine having a crankshaft. An electric drive unit is also provided, which has an electric machine with a rotor and a stator.

[0003] Finally, from the generic DE 11 2008 001 553 B4 a hybrid drive system is known which comprises an internal combustion engine, an electric machine and a transmission, wherein the transmission in turn comprises a spur gear partial transmission and a planetary gear partial transmission.

[0004] The object of the present invention is to further develop a hybrid drive system of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that a particularly compact design of the hybrid drive system can be realized.

[0005] This object is achieved by a hybrid drive system having the features of patent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments with expedient further developments of the invention are specified in the remaining claims.

[0006] The invention relates to a hybrid drive system, also referred to as a drive device or designed as a drive device, for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor car and very preferably for a passenger car. This means that the motor vehicle, preferably designed as a motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger car, has the hybrid drive system in its fully manufactured state and can be driven by means of the hybrid drive system. In particular, the motor vehicle in its fully manufactured state has at least or exactly two axles arranged consecutively in the vehicle's longitudinal direction and thus one behind the other. The respective axle is also referred to as the vehicle axle and has at least or exactly two vehicle wheels, also simply referred to as wheels, which are arranged in particular on sides of the motor vehicle that are opposite one another in the vehicle's transverse direction.The vehicle wheels are ground contact elements by means of which the motor vehicle is or can be supported on the ground in the vertical direction of the vehicle. If the motor vehicle is driven along the ground while being supported on the ground in the vertical direction of the vehicle downwards, the vehicle wheels roll, in particular directly, on the ground. The vehicle wheels of at least one or exactly one of the vehicle axles can be driven by means of the hybrid drive system, whereby the vehicle wheels driven by means of the hybrid drive system are also referred to as drivable or driven vehicle wheels. When reference is made below to the vehicle wheels, this refers - unless otherwise stated - to the vehicle wheels of the motor vehicle that can be driven by means of the drive system. The motor vehicle as a whole can be driven by driving the vehicle wheels.

[0007] The hybrid drive system comprises an internal combustion engine, also referred to as an internal combustion engine, which has an output shaft designed as a crankshaft. The internal combustion engine is thus designed as a reciprocating piston engine. Via the crankshaft, the internal combustion engine can provide first drive torques, by means of which the vehicle wheels and thus the motor vehicle can be driven. The hybrid drive system also comprises an electric machine having a rotor. Via the rotor, the electric machine can provide second drive torques, by means of which the vehicle wheels and thus the motor vehicle can be driven. For example, the electric machine has a stator, by means of which the rotor can be driven and thus rotated about a machine axis of rotation relative to the stator.For example, the hybrid drive system has a housing, wherein the rotor is rotatable about the machine axis of rotation relative to the housing. In particular, it is provided, for example, that the electric machine can be arranged at least partially in the housing. The hybrid drive system also comprises a transmission which has a spur gear sub-transmission and a planetary gear. Thus, for example, the spur gear sub-transmission is a first sub-transmission of the transmission, and the planetary gear is, for example, a second sub-transmission of the transmission provided in addition to the first sub-transmission. For example, the spur gear sub-transmission and / or the planetary gear are arranged in the housing. The planetary gear is also referred to as a planetary set or planetary gear set.The spur gear transmission has an input shaft as the first shaft, wherein the input shaft is rotationally fixedly coupled to the crankshaft or can be coupled, i.e., connected or connectable. The spur gear transmission also has an output shaft, which is a second shaft of the spur gear transmission. The output shaft is arranged parallel to the input shaft. In particular, the input shaft is rotatable about an input shaft axis of rotation relative to the housing. The output shaft is rotatable about an output shaft axis of rotation relative to the housing. Since the input shaft and the output shaft are arranged parallel to one another, the input shaft axis of rotation and the output shaft axis of rotation run parallel to one another, wherein the input shaft axis of rotation and the output shaft axis of rotation are spaced apart from one another. In particular, a respective first torque can be introduced into the spur gear transmission, in particular into the transmission as a whole, via the input shaft.The respective first torque results, for example, from the respective first drive torque and / or from the respective second drive torque. The spur gear sub-gearbox, in particular the transmission as a whole, can provide a respective second torque via the output shaft, by means of which the vehicle wheels and the motor vehicle can be driven. In particular, the respective second torque, which is or can be provided by the spur gear sub-gearbox, in particular by the transmission as a whole via the output shaft, results from the respective first torque, which is or was able to be introduced into the spur gear sub-gearbox, in particular the transmission as a whole, via the input shaft. The spur gear sub-gearbox is a spur gear box.

[0008] The hybrid drive system also includes a differential gear, which is also simply referred to as a differential. In particular, the vehicle wheels can be driven by the output shaft via the differential gear. In particular, for example, the differential gear can be driven via the output shaft by the electric motor and by the combustion engine, thus by the rotor and the crankshaft, whereby the vehicle wheels can be driven by the output shaft via the differential gear. In other words, the output shaft can be driven by the electric motor and by the combustion engine, thus by the rotor and the crankshaft. By driving the output shaft, for example, the differential gear is driven, so that the vehicle wheels can be driven by means of the output shaft via the differential gear.In particular, the differential gear, as is already well known from the general state of the art, is designed to permit different speeds of the vehicle wheels, for example, when the motor vehicle is cornering, so that, for example, the vehicle wheel on the outside of the curve rotates at a higher speed than the vehicle wheel on the inside of the curve, while the vehicle wheels can be driven or are driven via the differential gear by the output shaft and, via this, by the electric motor and the internal combustion engine. It can be seen that the motor vehicle can be driven by means of the electric motor and the internal combustion engine, so that the motor vehicle is a hybrid vehicle.

[0009] The planetary gear train has a first element, a second element, and a third element. In particular, the planetary gear train has a sun gear, a planet carrier, which is also referred to as a web, and a ring gear. In particular, it is provided that the planetary gear train has planetary gears which are rotatably mounted on the planet carrier. The respective planetary gear meshes with the sun gear and with the ring gear, in particular simultaneously, wherein in particular the ring gear does not mesh with the sun gear. In other words, the respective planetary gear is in engagement with the sun gear and, in particular simultaneously, in engagement with the ring gear, wherein the ring gear is not in engagement with the sun gear. In particular, it is provided that the sun gear, the planet carrier, and the ring gear are the aforementioned elements of the planetary gear train, the elements of which are also referred to as gear elements.

[0010] In order to be able to realize a particularly compact design of the hybrid drive system and in particular particularly advantageous drivability, it is initially provided in a manner known per se that the rotor of the electric machine is coupled to the input shaft, in particular permanently and / or in a torque-transmitting manner, in such a way that the second drive torques provided by the electric machine via the rotor, also simply referred to as torques, can be introduced into the transmission via the input shaft. In other words, the rotor of the electric machine is coupled to the input shaft, in particular permanently and / or in a torque-transmitting manner, in such a way that the torques emanating from the electric machine, in particular from the rotor, can be introduced into the transmission via the input shaft. The input shaft is connected, in particular permanently, in a rotationally fixed manner to the first element of the planetary gear set.The second element of the planetary gear system is connected, in particular permanently, in a rotationally fixed manner to a first fixed gear. The first fixed gear system is a first gear, in particular a first spur gear, wherein the first fixed gear system can be a component, i.e. a gear, of the gear system, in particular of the spur gear sub-gear system. Furthermore, it is provided that the first fixed gear system permanently meshes with a first idler gear system, arranged coaxially to the output shaft, in particular of the gear system and very particularly of the spur gear sub-gear system. The first idler gear system is in particular a second gear system, in particular a second spur gear system, of the gear system, in particular of the spur gear sub-gear system. In particular, the first idler gear system is arranged, in particular rotatably, on the output shaft.The feature that the first idler gear is an idler gear means that the first idler gear is not permanently connected to the output shaft in a rotationally fixed manner, but rather a connecting element, in particular a first connecting element, is assigned to the first idler gear, which can be switched between a connected state and a released state, in particular relative to the output shaft and is movable, for example, in the axial direction of the output shaft. In the connected state, the first idler gear is connected to the output shaft in a rotationally fixed manner by means of the coupling element. In the released state, the first idler gear is rotatable relative to the output shaft, in particular about the output shaft axis of rotation, so that, for example, in the released state, the coupling element allows relative rotations between the output shaft and the first idler gear, in particular about the output shaft axis of rotation.The feature that the first fixed gear permanently meshes with the first idler gear means that the first fixed gear is permanently and therefore always engaged with the first idler gear. Thus, the first fixed gear and the first idler gear cannot be reconfigured between a first state in which the first fixed gear and the first idler gear mesh with each other and a second state in which the first fixed gear and the first idler gear do not mesh with each other. Instead, the first fixed gear and the first idler gear always mesh, meaning they are always and therefore permanently engaged with each other.

[0011] The first connecting element is advantageously permanently connected to the output shaft in a manner known per se, in a rotationally fixed manner, but is arranged to be axially displaceable relative to the output shaft. The first connecting element advantageously has a sliding sleeve and a claw toothing in a known manner.

[0012] In the context of the present disclosure, the feature that two components, such as the input shaft and the first element, are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner is to be understood as meaning that the components connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner are arranged coaxially to one another and, in particular when the components are driven, rotate together or simultaneously about a component rotation axis common to the components at the same angular velocity, in particular relative to the housing. The feature that two components are connected to one another in a torque-transmitting manner is to be understood as meaning that the components are coupled to one another in such a way that torques can be transmitted between the components. When the components are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner, the components are also connected to one another in a torque-transmitting manner.

[0013] The feature that two components, such as the rotor and the input shaft, are permanently connected to one another in a torque-transmitting manner means that a switching element is not provided that can be switched between a coupling state that connects the components to one another in a torque-transmitting manner and a final coupling state in which no torque can be transmitted between the components. Rather, the components are always and therefore permanently connected to one another in a torque-transmitting manner, i.e., such that torque can be transmitted between the components. Thus, for example, one of the components can be driven by the other component, or vice versa.In particular, the feature that the components or parts are permanently connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner is to be understood as meaning that a switching element is not provided which can be switched between a coupling state connecting the components or parts to one another in a rotationally fixed manner and a decoupling state in which the components or parts are decoupled from one another and rotatable relative to one another so that no torque can be transmitted between the components or parts, but rather the components or parts are always connected or coupled to one another, thus permanently connected or coupled to one another in a rotationally fixed manner.

[0014] The feature that two components such as the crankshaft and the input shaft can be connected or coupled to one another in a rotationally fixed or torque-transmitting manner is to be understood in particular as meaning that a switching element or connecting element is assigned to the components, which can be switched between at least one coupling state, in which the components are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed or torque-transmitting manner by means of the switching element or connecting element, and at least one decoupling state, in which the components are decoupled from one another, so that in the decoupling state the components can be rotated relative to one another, in particular about the component rotation axis, or no torque can be transmitted between the components.

[0015] According to the invention, a first switching element is provided, by means of which the crankshaft can be connected to the input shaft in a rotationally fixed manner. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly needs-based and efficient drive of the motor vehicle in a particularly space-saving manner. The first switching element can be switched, for example, between a first coupled state and a first uncoupled state. In the first coupled state, the crankshaft is connected to the input shaft in a rotationally fixed manner by means of the first switching element. In the first uncoupled state, the first switching element releases the crankshaft and the input shaft for relative rotation to one another, in particular about the input shaft axis of rotation. In other words, the crankshaft can be rotated, for example, about a crankshaft axis of rotation relative to the housing.Preferably, the crankshaft and the input shaft are arranged coaxially with one another, so that the crankshaft rotational axis coincides with the input shaft rotational axis. In the first coupled state, the crankshaft and the input shaft are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner by means of the first switching element. In the first uncoupled state, the crankshaft and the input shaft can rotate about the input shaft rotational axis and thus about the crankshaft rotational axis relative to one another, so that in the first uncoupled state, the first switching element releases the crankshaft for a relative rotation, in particular about the input shaft rotational axis and relative to the input shaft.

[0016] Furthermore, the invention provides that the hybrid drive system has a second fixed gear connected to the input shaft in a rotationally fixed manner. The second fixed gear is, for example, a fourth gear, in particular a fourth spur gear, of the transmission, in particular of the spur gear sub-transmission. The second fixed gear permanently meshes with a second idler gear arranged coaxially to the output shaft. In particular, the second idler gear is arranged, in particular rotatably, on the output shaft. For example, the second idler gear is a fifth gear, in particular a fifth spur gear, of the transmission, in particular of the spur gear sub-transmission. The previous and following statements regarding the first idler gear can be readily applied to the second idler gear and vice versa. Thus, for example, the second idler gear is assigned a connecting element, in particular a second one, by means of which the second idler gear can be connected to the output shaft in a rotationally fixed manner.By using the second fixed gear and the second loose gear, a particularly advantageous multi-gear design can be achieved in a particularly space-saving manner, so that a particularly advantageous drivability can be realized.

[0017] The second connecting element is advantageously permanently connected to the output shaft in a manner known per se, in a rotationally fixed manner, but is arranged so as to be axially displaceable relative to the output shaft. The second connecting element advantageously has a sliding sleeve and a claw toothing in a known manner.

[0018] In order to be able to realize a particularly advantageous multiple gear system and thus particularly good drivability in a particularly space-efficient manner, the invention further provides that the hybrid drive system has a third fixed gear, which is in particular permanently and non-rotatably connected to the input shaft and which is in particular a fifth gear, very particularly a fifth spur gear, of the transmission, in particular of the spur gear sub-transmission. The rotor is coupled to the fixed gear in such a way, in particular permanently and / or torque-transmittingly coupled in such a way that the second drive torques (torques) provided or can be provided by the electric machine via the rotor can be introduced into the transmission via the third fixed gear. This makes it possible to realize a particularly compact design of the hybrid drive system, in particular in the axial direction of the transmission and thus of the crankshaft.

[0019] Finally, in order to achieve a particularly compact design of the hybrid drive system, in particular in the axial direction of the hybrid drive system, that is to say viewed along the axial direction of the crankshaft, it has proven particularly advantageous if, furthermore, according to the invention, viewed in the axial direction of the crankshaft and thus of the hybrid drive system, the first shifting element, the third fixed gear, the second fixed gear, the first fixed gear and the planetary gear are arranged in the order mentioned, i.e. one after the other, that is to say consecutively: the first shifting element - the third fixed gear - the second fixed gear - the first fixed gear - the planetary gear.Thus, viewed in the axial direction of the crankshaft, the first switching element, the third fixed gear, the second fixed gear, the first fixed gear and the planetary gear are arranged successively in such a way that the third fixed gear is arranged after the first switching element, the second fixed gear after the third fixed gear, the first fixed gear after the second fixed gear and the planetary gear after the first fixed gear.

[0020] In order to be able to realize a particularly advantageous drive of the motor vehicle in a particularly space-efficient manner, one embodiment of the invention provides that the hybrid drive system has an output gear that is connected, in particular permanently, in a rotationally fixed manner to the output shaft and that permanently meshes with a differential input gear of the differential gear. The output gear is a third gear, in particular a third spur gear, in particular of a transmission and very particularly of the spur gear sub-transmission. Furthermore, it is conceivable for the output gear to be a bevel gear, in particular a bevel pinion. The differential input gear is a fourth gear that is permanently in mesh with the output gear, also referred to as the output gear or designed as an output gear. In particular, the differential input gear can be a ring gear.The respective second torque provided or capable of being provided by the output shaft can be transmitted via the output gear to the differential input gear and thus introduced into the differential gear, thereby driving the differential gear and, through it, the vehicle wheels and thus the motor vehicle. For example, the differential input gear is an input gear that is connected, in particular permanently and non-rotatably, to a differential cage, also referred to as a differential body, particularly when the differential gear is designed as a bevel gear differential. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the differential input gear is an input gear of the planetary differential when the differential gear is designed as a planetary differential, i.e., as a planetary differential gear.

[0021] In other words, a rotationally fixed connection of two rotatably mounted elements means that the elements are arranged coaxially to one another and are connected to one another in such a way that they rotate at the same angular velocity, in particular about the common component rotation axis, in particular when the elements are driven.

[0022] In order to be able to realize a particularly compact design of the hybrid drive system, in particular in the axial direction of the transmission and thus viewed along the input shaft axis of rotation or the output shaft axis of rotation, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the first shifting element is arranged axially overlapping the differential gear. In the context of the present disclosure, the feature that two elements such as the first shifting element and the differential gear are arranged axially overlapping one another is to be understood as meaning that at least a first part of a first of the elements and at least a second part of the second element are arranged in the same axial region, i.e. in a region of the same axial coordinates. The axial direction means the direction of the crankshaft axis of rotation, which coincides with the input shaft axis of rotation.

[0023] In a further, particularly advantageous embodiment, the hybrid drive system has a second switching element, by means of which the crankshaft can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the third element of the planetary gear set. This makes it possible, for example, to provide a multi-gear capability of the hybrid drive system, so that a particularly advantageous and, in particular, demand-oriented drivability of the motor vehicle can be achieved. The second switching element can be switched, for example, between a second coupled state and a second uncoupled state. In the second coupled state, the crankshaft and the third element are connected in a rotationally fixed manner to one another by means of the second switching element.In the second decoupling state, the second switching element releases the crankshaft for a relative rotation about the crankshaft rotation axis relative to the third element, so that in the second decoupling state the crankshaft and the third element of the planetary gear are rotatable relative to one another, in particular about the crankshaft rotation axis.

[0024] In particular, it is provided that the respective transmission element, i.e., the respective element of the planetary gear set, is rotatable about a planetary gear axis relative to the housing, particularly when the respective transmission element is not rotationally fixedly connected to the housing. It is preferably provided that the planetary gear is arranged coaxially with the internal combustion engine, i.e., coaxially with the crankshaft, so that the planetary gear axis coincides with the crankshaft axis, or vice versa.

[0025] A further embodiment is characterized by a third switching element, by means of which the third element of the planetary gear can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the housing of the hybrid drive system. This makes it possible to realize multiple gears in a particularly advantageous manner, so that particularly advantageous drivability can be achieved. In particular, the third switching element can be switched between a third coupling state and a third decoupling state. In the third coupling state, the third element of the planetary gear and the housing are connected in a rotationally fixed manner by means of the third switching element. In the third decoupling state, the third switching element releases the third element of the planetary gear for a relative rotation about the planetary gear axis relative to the housing, so that in the third decoupling state the third element can rotate about the planetary gear axis relative to the housing.

[0026] In the context of the present disclosure, ordinal numbers such as "first", "first", "second", "second", "third", "third" etc. are not necessarily used to indicate a number of terms or elements to which the ordinal numbers refer. Rather, the ordinal numbers are used to enable unambiguous reference to the terms or elements to which the ordinal numbers refer. Thus, for example, if the features of patent claim 5 are incorporated into patent claim 1 without also incorporating the features of patent claim 3 or 4 into patent claim 1, so that patent claim 1 then refers to a or the second switching element but not to a or the first switching element, a or the first switching element does not necessarily have to be provided.In order to keep the installation space requirements, the number of parts, the weight, and the costs particularly low, a further embodiment of the invention provides for the second switching element and the third switching element to be combined, i.e., combined, to form a coupling switching element with a single actuator. In other words, preferably exactly one actuator is provided, by means of which the coupling switching element can be switched, in particular at least between the second coupling state and the third coupling state. In this case, in particular, the second coupling state is accompanied by the third decoupling state, and the third coupling state is accompanied by the second decoupling state.Furthermore, it is conceivable for the coupling switching element to be switchable into a neutral state, in particular by means of the actuator, wherein in the neutral state, both the second decoupling state and the third decoupling state are present, thus the third element is rotatable, in particular, about the planetary gear axis of rotation both relative to the housing and relative to the crankshaft. For example, in particular when the second switching element and the third switching element are combined to form the coupling switching element, the second switching element is a first part of the coupling switching element and the third switching element is a second part of the coupling switching element.In particular, for example, the coupling switching element can be moved by means of the actuator relative to the crankshaft and relative to the third element and in particular in the axial direction of the crankshaft and thus, for example, along the crankshaft axis of rotation or along the planetary gear axis of rotation between at least one first position and at least one second position, in particular translationally. The first position, for example, brings about the second coupling state, and the second position, for example, brings about the third coupling state. Furthermore, it is conceivable, for example, that the coupling switching element can be moved by means of the actuator, in particular translationally and / or in the axial direction of the crankshaft and / or relative to the crankshaft or to the housing, into at least one third position, in which or by which the neutral state of the coupling element is brought about or set.

[0027] Further advantages, features, and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment and from the drawings. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description, as well as the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or shown alone in the figures, can be used not only in the respective specified combinations, but also in other combinations or on their own, without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0028] The drawing shows: Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a hybrid drive system for a motor vehicle, and Fig. 2 a shift table illustrating gears of the hybrid drive system.

[0029] In the figures, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference symbols.

[0030] Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a hybrid drive system 10 for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle such as a passenger car. This means that the motor vehicle, in its fully manufactured state, has the hybrid drive system 10 and can be driven by means of the hybrid drive system 10. The motor vehicle has, for example, at least or exactly two axles arranged consecutively in the vehicle's longitudinal direction and thus one behind the other, which are also referred to as vehicle axles. Each vehicle axle has at least or exactly two vehicle wheels, also referred to as wheels, wherein the vehicle wheels of the respective axle are arranged on opposite sides of the motor vehicle in the vehicle's transverse direction.For example, with respect to the vehicle wheels of the vehicle axles, all vehicle wheels of the vehicle axles or only the vehicle wheels of exactly one of the vehicle axles can be driven, whereby the vehicle wheels drivable by means of the hybrid drive system 10 are also referred to as driven or drivable vehicle wheels. When reference is made below to the vehicle wheels, this refers, unless otherwise stated, to the vehicle wheels drivable by means of the hybrid drive system 10. The motor vehicle as a whole can be driven by driving the vehicle wheels. The hybrid drive system 10 comprises an internal combustion engine 12, which is also referred to as an internal combustion engine and has an output shaft in the form of a crankshaft 14.The crankshaft 14 is rotatable about a crankshaft rotation axis 16, which coincides with the axial direction of the crankshaft 14, relative to an engine housing 18 of the internal combustion engine 12. The engine housing 18 is, for example, a crankcase, in particular a cylinder crankcase, of the internal combustion engine 12. Via the crankshaft 14, the internal combustion engine 12 can provide first drive torques for driving the vehicle wheels. The hybrid drive system 10, which is also simply referred to as a drive system or drive device, has . Fig. 1 particularly schematically illustrated housing 20, which may be the motor housing 18. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the housing 20 is provided in addition to the motor housing 18, so that the motor housing 18 and the housing 20 can, for example, be formed separately from one another and connected to one another. The hybrid drive system 10 has a transmission 22, which can, for example, be arranged in the housing 20. The transmission 22 has a first partial transmission in the form of a spur gear partial transmission 24, which has an input shaft 26. The input shaft 26 can be connected, in particular permanently, in a rotationally fixed manner to the crankshaft 14. In the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the input shaft 26 is rotatably connected to the crankshaft 14, i.e., can be coupled, as will be explained in more detail below. The input shaft 26 is rotatable about an input shaft rotation axis 28 relative to the housing 20. The input shaft 26 is arranged coaxially to the crankshaft 14, so that the input shaft rotation axis 28 coincides with the crankshaft rotation axis 16. For example, a respective input torque can be introduced into the spur gear sub-transmission 24 and thus into the transmission 22 as a whole via the input shaft 26.

[0031] The spur gear sub-gearbox 24 has an output shaft 30 provided in addition to the input shaft 26, which is arranged parallel to the input shaft 26. This means that the output shaft 30 is rotatable about an output shaft axis of rotation 32 relative to the housing 20. The input shaft axis of rotation 28 and the output shaft axis of rotation 32 run parallel to one another, with the output shaft axis of rotation 32 being spaced from the input shaft axis of rotation 28, or vice versa. For example, a respective output torque can be output from the spur gear sub-gearbox 24 and thus from the transmission 22 as a whole via the output shaft 30, with the respective output torque resulting, for example, from the respective input torque that is introduced into the transmission 22 via the input shaft 26.The transmission 22 can provide the respective output torque so that the vehicle wheels can be driven by the respective output torque. The respective input torque is also referred to as the first torque, and the respective output torque is also referred to as the second torque.

[0032] The transmission 22 also has a planetary gear 34, which is also referred to as a planetary set or planetary gear set. For example, the planetary gear 34 is at least partially arranged in the housing 20. The planetary gear 34 has, in particular, a first element 36, advantageously designed as a sun gear, and, in particular, a second element 38, advantageously designed as a planet carrier, which is also referred to as a web. Furthermore, the planetary gear 34 has, in particular, a third element 40, preferably designed as a ring gear. The first element 36, designed as a sun gear, the second element 38, designed as a planet carrier, and the third element 40, designed as a ring gear, are also referred to as gear elements or elements of the planetary gear 34. Fig. 1 shows that the planetary gear 34 also has at least one or more planetary gears 42. The planetary gear 42 is rotatably mounted on the planetary carrier and thus on the second element 38 and meshes, in particular simultaneously, with the first element 36 and with the third element 40.

[0033] Particularly advantageously, the planetary gear 34 is designed as a simple planetary set with exactly one sun gear, with exactly one planet carrier and exactly one ring gear.

[0034] The hybrid drive system 10 further comprises a differential gear 44, which is designed, for example, as a bevel differential. The bevel differential is also referred to as a bevel gear differential. Of course, it is conceivable for the differential gear 44, which is also simply referred to as a differential, to be designed as another differential, such as a planetary differential, spur gear differential, or crown gear differential. The differential gear 44 is driven by the output shaft 30, and thus by the respective output torque, since the respective output torque can be introduced into the differential gear 44. The vehicle wheels are driven by the output shaft 30 via the differential gear 44.In other words, the vehicle wheels can be driven by the differential gear 44 and, via the differential gear 44, by the output shaft 30, so that the vehicle wheels can be driven via the differential gear 44 by means of the respective output torque. In particular, the vehicle wheels are coupled, in particular permanently, to the differential gear 44 in a torque-transmitting manner. For example, the vehicle wheels are connected, i.e., coupled, via the differential gear 44, in particular permanently, to the output shaft 30 in a torque-transmitting manner.

[0035] The hybrid drive system 10 also includes an electric machine 46, which has a stator 48 and a rotor 50. The rotor 50 is drivable by means of the stator 48 and is thus rotatable about a machine axis of rotation 52 relative to the stator 48 and relative to the housing 20. It can be seen that the machine axis of rotation 52 runs parallel to the output shaft axis of rotation 32 and parallel to the crankshaft axis of rotation 16 or to the input shaft axis of rotation 28, wherein the machine axis of rotation 52 is spaced apart from the output shaft axis of rotation 32 and from the crankshaft axis of rotation 16 or from the input shaft axis of rotation 28. In particular, when the respective element of the planetary gear 34 is not rotationally fixedly connected to the housing 20, the respective element is rotatable about a planetary gear axis of rotation 54 relative to the housing 20.In this case, the planetary gear 34 is arranged coaxially with the crankshaft 14 and coaxially with the input shaft 26, so that the planetary gear rotation axis 54 coincides with the crankshaft rotation axis 16 and thus with the input shaft rotation axis 28. Therefore, when reference is made below to the crankshaft rotation axis 16, this also includes, unless otherwise stated, the input shaft rotation axis 28 and the planetary gear rotation axis 54, and vice versa.

[0036] The electric machine 46 can provide second drive torques via its rotor 50. The vehicle wheels can be driven by means of the respective first drive torque and by means of the respective second drive torque. In this case, it is conceivable that, for example, in a first operating mode, the vehicle wheels are driven by means of the respective first drive torque and thus by means of the internal combustion engine 12, while driving of the vehicle wheels by the electric machine 46 is omitted. Furthermore, it is conceivable that, in particular in a second operating mode, the vehicle wheels are driven by means of the respective second drive torque and thus by means of the electric machine 46, while driving of the vehicle wheels by the internal combustion engine 12 is omitted.Furthermore, it is conceivable that, particularly in a third operating mode, the vehicle wheels are driven both by the respective first drive torque and thus by the internal combustion engine 12 and by the respective second drive torque and thus by the electric machine 46. In particular, the respective first drive torque and the respective second drive torque can be introduced via the input shaft 26 into the spur gear partial transmission 24, in particular into the transmission 22 as a whole, so that, for example, the respective input torque results from the respective first drive torque and / or from the respective second drive torque.

[0037] Thus, for example, the respective output torque results from the respective first drive torque and / or from the respective second drive torque, in particular depending on whether the internal combustion engine 12 provides the respective first drive torque while the electric machine 46 does not provide the respective second drive torque, the electric machine 46 provides the respective second drive torque while the internal combustion engine 12 does not provide the respective first drive torque, or the internal combustion engine 12 provides the respective first drive torque and, at the same time, the electric machine 46 provides the respective second drive torque.

[0038] In order to achieve a particularly compact design of the hybrid drive system 10 and particularly advantageous drivability, the rotor 50 of the electric machine 46 is coupled to the input shaft 26, in particular permanently and / or in a torque-transmitting manner, such that the respective second drive torque provided by the electric machine 46 via the rotor 50, also simply referred to as torque, can be transmitted to the input shaft 26 and introduced into the transmission 22 as a whole via the input shaft 26. The input shaft 26 is connected, in particular permanently, in a rotationally fixed manner to a first of the elements of the planetary gear 34.

[0039] A second of the elements of the planetary gear 34 is, in particular permanently, connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a first fixed gear 55. The first fixed gear 55 is a first gear of the transmission 22, in particular of the spur gear partial transmission 24. In particular, the first fixed gear 55 is a first spur gear of the transmission 22, in particular of the spur gear partial transmission 24. The first fixed gear 55 permanently meshes with a first loose gear 56 arranged coaxially to the output shaft 30. In the Fig. 1, the idler gear 56 is rotatably mounted on the output shaft 30. The first idler gear 56 is a second gear of the transmission 22, in particular of the spur gear sub-transmission 24. In particular, the idler gear 56 is a second spur gear of the transmission 22, in particular of the spur gear sub-transmission 24. In the embodiment shown in Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the first element 36 of the planetary gear 34 is the sun gear. The second element 38 of the planetary gear 34 is the planet carrier, also referred to as the carrier. Accordingly, the ring gear 40 is a third element of the planetary gear 34.

[0040] The idler gear 56 is assigned a connecting element 58, designed, for example, as a sliding sleeve, which can be switched between a first connected state and a first released state, in particular displaceable in the axial direction of the output shaft 30 relative to the output shaft 30. In the first connected state, the idler gear 56 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the output shaft 30 by means of the connecting element 58. In the first released state, the connecting element 58 releases the idler gear 56 for rotation about the output shaft rotation axis 32 relative to the output shaft 30, so that in the first released state, the idler gear 56 can rotate about the output shaft rotation axis 32 relative to the output shaft 30.

[0041] An output gear 60 is connected, in particular permanently and rotationally fixed, to the output shaft 30. The output gear 60 is a third gear, in particular a third spur gear, of the transmission 22, in particular of the spur gear sub-transmission 24. Furthermore, the output gear 60 can be a bevel gear. The output gear 60 permanently meshes with a differential input gear 62 of the differential gear 44. The differential input gear 62 is a fourth gear, which can be designed, for example, as a fourth spur gear or as a ring gear. Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the differential gear 44 comprises differential gears 64 and a differential cage 66, also referred to as a differential carrier, to which the differential input gear 62 is connected, in particular permanently, in a rotationally fixed manner. The differential cage 66 and the differential input gear 62 are rotatable, in particular with the differential gears 64, about a differential rotation axis 68 relative to the housing 20. Furthermore, the differential gears 64 are rotatable relative to the differential cage 66 about a common differential gear rotation axis, which runs perpendicular to the differential rotation axis 68. The differential rotation axis 68 runs parallel to the engine rotation axis 52 and parallel to the crankshaft rotation axis 16 and parallel to the output shaft rotation axis 32 and is spaced apart from each of these. The differential gear 44 also comprises output gears 70 and 72, which mesh with the differential gears 64.The respective output gear 70, 72 is connected, in particular permanently, in a rotationally fixed manner to a respective output shaft 74, 76. A first of the vehicle wheels can be driven via the output shaft 74, and a second of the vehicle wheels can be driven via the output shaft 76. In particular, the first vehicle wheel is connected, in particular permanently, in a torque-transmitting or rotationally fixed manner to the output shaft 74, wherein, for example, the second vehicle wheel is connected, in particular permanently, in a torque-transmitting or rotationally fixed manner to the output shaft 76.

[0042] The hybrid drive system 10 includes a first shifting element SE1, which is also referred to as a clutch or K1. For example, the shifting element SE1 is a friction clutch, in particular a multi-plate clutch. By means of the shifting element SE1, the crankshaft 14 can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the input shaft 26. The first shifting element SE1 is arranged axially overlapping the differential gear 44.

[0043] The hybrid drive system 10 comprises a second switching element SE2, by means of which the crankshaft 14 is rotatably connected to the third element 40 of the planetary gear 34. A third switching element SE3 is also provided, by means of which the ring gear 40 (third element) of the planetary gear 34 is rotatably connected to the housing 20 of the hybrid drive system 10. In the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the second switching element SE2 and the third switching element SE3 are combined to form a coupling switching element KS, i.e., they are combined. For example, the coupling switching element KS is designed as a sliding sleeve. The coupling switching element KS and thus the switching elements SE2 and SE3 can be connected by means of exactly one Fig. 1, the actuator 78, which is shown particularly schematically, can be switched between a first coupling state, a second coupling state and a neutral state, in particular moved in the axial direction of the crankshaft 14 relative to the crankshaft 14, in particular translationally. In the first coupling state, the crankshaft 14 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the third element 40 by means of the coupling switching element KS, while the third element 40 and thus the crankshaft 14 can rotate about the crankshaft axis of rotation 16 relative to the housing 20. In the second coupling state, the third element 40 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the housing 20 by means of the coupling switching element KS, while the crankshaft 14 can rotate about the crankshaft axis of rotation relative to the housing 20 and thereby also relative to the third element 40.In the neutral state, the crankshaft 14 and the third element 40 can rotate relative to each other about the crankshaft rotation axis 16, and the third element 40 and the crankshaft 14 can rotate about the crankshaft rotation axis 16 relative to the housing 20. It can be seen that the switching element SE2 and the switching element SE3 are respective parts of the coupling switching element KS, so that the switching elements SE2 and SE3 can be switched, i.e., switched, by means of exactly one actuator 78.

[0044] A second fixed gear 80 is provided, which is connected, in particular permanently, in a rotationally fixed manner to the input shaft 26 and is, for example, a fifth gear, in particular a fifth spur gear, of the transmission 22, in particular of the spur gear sub-transmission 24. The fixed gear 80 permanently meshes with a second loose gear 82 arranged coaxially to the output shaft 30 and which is, for example, a sixth gear, in particular a sixth spur gear, of the transmission 22, in particular of the spur gear sub-transmission 24. In the present case, the loose gear 82, like the loose gear 56, is arranged on the output shaft 30. A second connecting element 84 is assigned to the loose gear 82, which can be switched between a second connected state and a second released state, in particular can be moved, in particular displaced, in the axial direction of the output shaft 30 and / or relative to the output shaft 30.In the second connection state, the idler gear 82, which is rotatably arranged on the output shaft 30, is non-rotatably connected to the output shaft 30 by means of the connecting element 84. In the second release state, the idler gear 82 is rotatable about the output shaft rotation axis 32 relative to the output shaft 30.

[0045] Also provided is a third fixed gear 86, which is connected, in particular permanently, in a rotationally fixed manner to the input shaft 26 and is, for example, a seventh gear, in particular a seventh spur gear, of the transmission 22, in particular of the spur gear sub-transmission 24. The rotor 50 is coupled, in particular permanently and / or in a torque-transmitting manner, to the third fixed gear 86 such that the respective second drive torque provided or capable of being provided by the electric machine 46 and the rotor 50 can be transmitted to the third fixed gear 86 and introduced into the transmission 22 via the third fixed gear 86.

[0046] The switching element SE1 is also referred to as K1. The switching element SE2 is also referred to as S1, and the switching element SE3 is also referred to as S2. The connecting element 58 is also referred to as S3, and the connecting element 84 is also referred to as S4.

[0047] Fig.2 shows a shift table, with gears H1, H2, H3, H4, E1, E2, and EVT of the hybrid drive system 10 entered in a column SP of the shift table. The gears are operating modes or are also referred to as operating modes of the hybrid drive system 10. To engage, and therefore activate, gear H1, the shift elements SE1, SE3, and the connecting element 58, thus K1, S2, and S3, are closed, while the shift element SE2 and the connecting element 84, thus S1 and S4, are open. In other words, the shift elements SE1 and SE3 are in their coupled states, and the connecting element 58 is in its connected state, while the shift element SE2 is in its uncoupled state, and the connecting element 84 is in its released state. To engage gear H2, S1, S3, and S4 are closed, while K1 and S2 are open. To engage gear H3, K1, S1 and S3 are closed, while S2 and S4 are open.To engage gear H4, K1 and S4 are closed, while S1, S2, and S3 are open. To engage gear E1, and thus activate it, S2 and S3 are closed, while K1, S1, and S4 are open. To engage gear E2, S4 is closed, while K1, S1, S2, and S3 are open. To engage gear EVT, S1 and S3 are closed, while K1, S2, and S4 are open. List of reference symbols 10 Hybrid drive system 12 combustion engine 14 Crankshaft 16 Crankshaft rotation axis 18 Engine housing 20 housings 22 gearboxes 24 spur gear units 26 Input shaft 28 Input shaft rotation axis 30 Output shaft 32 Output shaft rotary ash 34 planetary gears 36 First Element 38 Second Element 40 Third Element 42 Planetary gear 44 differential gears 46 Electric machine 48 Stator 50 rotor 52 Machine rotation axis 54 Planetary gear rotation axis 55 first fixed gear 56 first loose wheel 58 first connecting element 60 Output gear 62 differential input gear 64 balance wheel 66 Differential cage 68 Differential rotation axis 70 Output gear 72 Output gear 74 Output shaft 76 Output shaft 78 Actuator 80 second fixed gear 82 second idler gear 84 second connecting element 86 third fixed gear KS coupling switching element SE1 first switching element SE2 second switching element SE3 third switching element

Claims

[1] Hybrid drive system (10) for a motor vehicle, comprising: -an internal combustion engine (12) having a crankshaft (14), -an electrical machine (46) having a rotor (50), -a transmission (22) comprising: ◯ a spur gear unit (24) with an input shaft (26) which is or can be coupled in a rotationally fixed manner to the crankshaft (14) and an output shaft (30) arranged parallel to the input shaft (26), and ◯ a planetary gear (34) having a first element (36), a second element (38) and a third element (40), and -a differential gear (44), -a first switching element (SE1), by means of which the crankshaft (14) can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the input shaft (26), wherein: -the rotor (50) of the electric machine (46) is coupled to the input shaft (26) in such a way that torques provided by the electric machine (46) via the rotor (50) can be introduced into the transmission (22) via the input shaft (26), -the input shaft (26) is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the first element (36), -the second element (38) is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a first fixed gear (55) and -the first fixed gear (55) permanently meshes with a first loose gear (56) arranged coaxially to the output shaft (30), -a second fixed gear (80) connected to the input shaft (26) in a rotationally fixed manner and permanently meshing with a second loose gear (82) arranged coaxially to the output shaft (30), characterized by a third fixed gear (86) which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the input shaft (26) and to which the rotor (50) is coupled in such a way that the torques provided by the electric machine (46) via the rotor (50) can be introduced into the transmission (22) via the third fixed gear (86), wherein, viewed in the axial direction of the crankshaft (14), the first switching element (SE1), the third fixed gear (86), the second fixed gear (80), the first fixed gear (55) and the planetary gear (34) are arranged one after the other in the following sequence: the first switching element (SE1) - the third fixed gear (86) - the second fixed gear (80) - the first fixed gear (55) - the planetary gear (34). [2] Hybrid drive system (10) according to claim 1, characterized by an output gear (60) which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the output shaft (30) and which permanently meshes with a differential input gear (62) of the differential gear (44). [3] Hybrid drive system (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized bythat the first switching element (SE1) is arranged axially overlapping the differential gear (44). [4] Hybrid drive system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a second switching element (SE2), by means of which the crankshaft (14) can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the third element (40) of the planetary gear (34). [5] Hybrid drive system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a third switching element (SE3), by means of which the third element (40) can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a housing (20) of the hybrid drive system (10). [6] Hybrid drive system (10) according to claims 4 and 5, characterized by that the second switching element (SE2) and the third switching element (SE3) are combined to form a coupling switching element (KS) with a single actuator (78).

Images