Individual plant protection sleeve for young forest trees

Abstract

Individual plant protection sleeve for young forest trees, characterized in that the individual plant protection sleeve consists of a full-surface sleeve which is funnel-shaped in such a way that it has an inverted straight cone shape (1) and can be stabilized by one support rod (11), two support rods (11) at an angle of 180° or three support rods (11) at an angle of 120°, wherein the support rod or support rods are clicked into locking slots (12) in a notch (13) in the upper funnel edge and which lock the support rod or support rods by means of a flexible counter-pressure area (14) without a further work step or is stabilized by two metal stands (18) each consisting of two rods (19) and at least two connecting arches (20), by pushing the rods of the two metal stands into locking holes (21) in the upper area of ​​the individual plant protection sleeve which are standardized for the rods and pressing their lower tip (22) into the ground.

Description

Planting young forest trees is the usual method to lay a new forest. Essential risks which can lead to damage to death of the young planted forest trees are:other plants which are competitors for nutrients, light and in particular water and which can force and overwax the planted forest trees. In order to avoid this, in the first few years, culture care is usually carried out, in which competition vegetation is removed.Animals, in particular red, dam and rehwild, by the dressing of young shoots and buds, in particular the terminal bud, so-called dentures, by the scraping of the bast skin after growth of the young tweeters, the so-called fenestoon, and due to the beating of the ream on the young tweeters and by the agitation of the planted soil by blackwild and by the dressing of the young tweeters by rabbits or by the anagen by mice. To avoid damage caused by red, dam and rehwild and blackwild, planting is usually protected with a fence.the weathering due to frost in the vegetation time, as a result of which shoots can freeze, and in particular due to drying times, particularly associated with very hot days, which lead to the floor region rooted through by the young forest trees drying out and thus can interrupt the water supply and also irreversibly damage leaf or needle due to the heat, as a result of which the young forest trees dry out. The climate change can be expected to mean extreme, that is to say longer and hotter, drying periods in the spring and summer. The risk of plants drying is thereby clearly increased. On the other hand, a forest conversion to site-oriented, resiliant forest ecosystems is required precisely as a result of the climate conversion. In particular, mixed forests are being sought. Artificial irrigation to avoid these damage has no practical relevance due to accessibility, size and number of plants of forest trees.The claims relate to the individual protection of young forest trees. There are already individual plant protection envelopes. These are simply straight whole-area growth casings or net-like tree protection grids over their entire length, which enclose the young tree in the manner of tubes or boxes, are 90 cm to 180 cm high and have a diameter or a width between 10 cm and 20 cm. In a further working step, one or two retaining rods are usually fastened via cable ties or prefabricated loops.CH 692 464 A5 discloses a growing plant protective sheath consisting of an annular unit having an opening in the centre and a discontinuity at one location so as to form two free ends.DE 202005 019 642 U1 discloses a protection device for plants, growths and the like, comprising a hollow body with a protrusion and a cover device.US 2020 / 0 281 131 A1 discloses growth tube comprising a first side, a second side, a first end portion, a second end portion, a first edge portion, a second edge portion and a vent.DE 92 02 770 U1 discloses a device for protecting plants, in particular plants at risk of wild type, such as young plants from tree schools or the like, having a shield and a holder which can be anchored in the soil and fixes the shield.The patent claims solve or eliminate as much as possible the following problems of conventional individual plant protection according to the prior art.Water supply: Within the individual plant protection, the young forest tree does not dominate the competition vegetation, outside. The immediately available water supply by rain is therefore determined by the size of the opening of the individual plant guard. The funnel shape according to claim 1 and 2 permits a much larger opening area and thus a much higher direct inflow of rain compared to a conventional individual plant protection according to the prior art. Thus, the area is at a diameter of 20 cm rd. 314 cm 2, which is used at a diameter of 50 cm rd. 1.963 cm 2. A young forest tree thus has a multiple amount of water directly available in comparison with the advantage of promoting growth and better withstanding dry phases.Restriction due to competition situation and lighting conditions: Outside the individual plant protection, competition vegetation grows unimpeded. The individual plant protection can be grown in and over and in the case of the use of a tree protection grid competition vegetation can also grow in. The whole-area funnel shape of the patent claim according to 1 and 2 prevents ingrowth and clearly complicates ingrowth and overgrowth. Below the screen area of the funnel, competition vegetation is impaired by a lower water supply and at the same time is better prevented from the funnel shape. The funnel shape thus also improves the light supply with the advantage of growth promotion.Plant growth: The tubular or box-like form of the conventional single plant guard greatly narrows the lateral growth of the plants, whereby the plants often have a slender, weak growth with a thin, unstable leaf which must be supported by the single plant guard. In addition, there is the risk of damage to whole-area growth casings caused by heat build-up and, in the case of tree protection grids, there is the risk of the young forest tree growing into the grid and thus the risk of damage during removal of the protection. The narrowing of the growth is particularly problematic in planting coniferous trees which naturally have a strong broad growth in the juvenile stage. The funnel shape according to patent claim 1 and 2 permits a better development of the side branches and of the stem in comparison with the conventional individual plant protection according to the prior art and thus allows the young forest tree to grow more vigorously. The funnel shape is particularly advantageous when using needle beams which grow in width.Denture protection: The unhindered growth of the terminal bud is particularly decisive for the development of young forest tree. Due to the funnel shape according to claim 1 and 2, the individual plant protection need not be as high as the conventional individual plant protection according to the prior art in order to achieve an equivalent protection against teeth of the terminal bud or, at the same height, has a better protection against wild teeth of the terminal bud, since the terminal bud is further removed from the upper protective edge.Installation and disassembly, storage and transport: The funnel shape according to claims 1 and 2 has the advantage that it can be stacked one inside the other in a space-saving manner with structurally identical production. The flat shape of patent claim 3 has the advantage of space-saving transport and space-saving storage and, in conjunction with patent claim 4, the advantage of being able to be opened and disassembled by means of two simple working steps, the insertion or detachment of hooks or tongues into insertion slots and the insertion of retaining rods into locking slots and, if appropriate, a ring into a ventilation slot or a metal stand into locking holes themselves.Safety Status: In the conventional individual plant protection according to the prior art, one or two retaining rods are fastened directly to the tube-like or box-like protection. The claims 1 and 5 allow greater stability, since three retaining rods can be placed at a greater distance and, in the case of claim 2, a locking ring can also be set. In particular when using the two metal stands according to claim 1 which can be reused almost infinitely, a higher level of stability is achieved.For a better understanding of the invention and of its application, the drawings are given on pages 7 to 15.FIG. 1 shows the funnel-shaped individual guard (1) according to claim 1.FIG. 2 shows, according to claim 2, the funnel-shaped individual guard with foot (2) and opening (3).FIG. 3 shows, according to claim 3, the funnel-shaped individual guard in the flat form (4) with an overlap region (5) for self-assembly and disassembly.FIG. 4a shows, according to claim 4, insertion hooks (6) and insertion slots (7) and FIG. 4b shows the insertion tab (8) with the edge (9) and the bending region (10) inserted into the insertion slot (7) once and bent away for removal from the insertion slot (7).FIG. 5 shows, according to claim 1, the locking slot (12) for a retaining rod (11) in a plan view with the notch (13) and the counterpressure region (14).FIG. 6 shows, according to patent claim 5, a locking ring (15) with hook (16) and the ventilation slot (17) in the lower foot region (2) of a single plant protection casing according to patent claim 2.Figure 7 shows, according to claim 1, a metal stand (18) with the two rods (19) with tip (22) and the connecting bends (20).FIG. 8 shows a single plant protection casing according to claim 2, with two metal stands (17) inserted into the locking holes (21) and a perforation line (23).A single plant protection envelope according to the claims is intended for young forest trees, up to an age of about 4 years or 1.2 m high. After the appropriate planting of such a young forest tree, the individual plant protection cover according to patent claims 1 and 2 is placed over the young forest tree. In this case, side branches should be held upwards and not pressed downwards. The individual plant protection cover according to claim 3 can first be constructed and then placed over the young forest tree, but also be constructed around the young forest tree. The construction is effected by bending the flat shape (4) according to claim 4, laying over the overlap region (5) and pushing the insertion hooks (6) or tabs (8) successively into the insertion slots (7). It is advantageous to start from the upper end. Opening takes place by advancing the overlap region (5) further and then lifting it up. By pushing the overlap region further, the insertion hook (6) is pushed out of the insertion slot (7) or the insertion tab (8) is bent downward by the bending region (10), so that it can be removed upward. Since the single plant guard according to claim 3 is reusable, the material should be more durable. In contrast, the material for the single plant protective casing according to patent claims 1 and 2 should be biodegradable, since it is basically provided for a single use. A perforated perforation line (23) serves to facilitate the removal. If necessary, reuse can be achieved by reassembling with an adhesive tape.For the lower circular opening of a single plant protection cover according to claims 1, 2 and 3, a diameter is between rd. 10 cm to allow inversion, and rd. 20 cm, in order that co-growth of competitive vegetation is avoided or the dominance of the planted forest tree is ensured within the single plant protection envelope. For the upper circular opening of a single plant protection cover according to claims 1, 2 and 3, a diameter is between rd. 40 cm to rd. 100 cm, so that on the one hand the advantages are realized and on the other hand the structure can be handled. A single plant protection cover according to claims 1 and 3 is better suited for tree types with a stronger formation of side branches, especially conifer tree types, and one according to claim 2 for tree types with slender, strong height growth, usually leaf tree types. The foot region (3) of a crop protection casing according to claim 2 has a cone shape which opens slightly upwards, so that a plurality of individual plant protection casings can be stacked one inside the other in a space-saving manner for transport and storage. After a plant protection cover according to the claims has been placed over the planted young forest tree, one to three retaining bars (11) according to claim 5 can be attached by pressing the retaining bar into the ground and clicking into the locking slot (12) at the edge of the funnel opening, where it is locked by a flexible counter pressure area (14). In using the two metal stands (18) according to claim 1, the ends of the bars are first pushed through the locking holes (21), which have a diameter only slightly larger than the bars, and then guided downwards and the tips of the bars (22) pressed into the forest floor. The ends of the rods then extend somewhat beyond the locking holes (21). In the case of a crop protection casing according to patent claim 2, a locking ring (15) according to patent claim 5 can additionally be used for stabilization by the ring hook (16) being inserted into the ventilation slot (17) and pressed down until it abuts. The aeration slot should be about 5 cm above the floor and 12 cm high and thus mice do not pass through it only about 0.5 cm wide. The hook (16) is kept correspondingly narrow. The ventilation slit serves to prevent a build-up of heat in very small plants.A single plant protection envelope according to the claims has the advantages overall that a better promotion of the growth of the young forest tree takes place and a more secure development is ensured. As a result, plant loss is less and there are no improvements, plants with low plant numbers are possible, as a result of which the cost factor of plant and plantation is reduced, and the cost factors of culture care and protection by fence construction are dispensed with. In particular, the use of the individual plant protection according to the patent claims is favorable in order to introduce and feed mixed tree species into a natural taper of forest trees or also to protect particular natural taper.A single plant protection envelope according to the claims shall be referred to as "Single Protection according to Forestmeister Schulz".

Claims

Single plant protection cover for young forest trees, characterized in that the single plant protection cover consists of a full-area cover which is funnel-shaped in such a way that it has an inversely straight cone shape (1) and can be stabilized at an angle of 180° by a retaining rod (11), two retaining rods (11) or three retaining rods (11) at an angle of 120°, wherein the retaining rod or the retaining rods are clicked into locking slots (12) in an incision (13) in the upper funnel edge and which lock the retaining rod or the retaining rods by a flexible counterpressure region (14) without further working step or is stabilized by two metal stands (18) each consisting of two rods (19) and at least two connecting arches (20), The two metal posts are pushed into locking holes (21) standardized on the rods in the upper region of the single plant protective casing and are pressed with their lower tip (22) into the ground.Single plant protective casing according to claim 1, characterised in that the single plant protective casing consists of a full-area casing which is funnel-shaped in such a way that in a lower foot region (2) it has an inverted straight cone shape which opens only very slightly upwards and only in the upper opening region (3) is a wide-opening inverted straight cone shape.Single plant protective casing according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the single plant protective casing is not prefabricated, but rather has a flat, circular segment-like shape (4) with an overlap region (5) and is only built up when used itself.Single plant protection casing according to claim 3, characterised in that for the construction there are located at the overlapping region ends insertion hooks (6) which can be hooked into and out of adapted insertion slots (7) or insertion flaps (8) with an edge (9) so that they do not pull out of the insertion slot and a bending region (10) so that they can be pulled out of the insertion slot for disassembly.Single plant protective casing according to claim 2, characterised in that the single plant protective casing is stabilised by means of a locking ring (15) with hooks (16) which is inserted into a ventilation slot (17) in the lower region of the foot region.

Images