Rail bearings

Abstract

The invention relates to a rail bearing (1), in particular intended for use in the elastic support of a rail (2), comprising a lower base plate (3) and an upper bearing plate (4) to be attached to the base plate (3), wherein the bearing plate (4) is provided for supporting a rail foot (5) of the rail (2). According to the invention, an elastic spring element (6) designed as a hollow body is provided between the bearing plate (4) and the base plate (3) for deflecting the bearing plate (4) relative to the base plate (3).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a rail bearing which is particularly intended for use as an elastic bearing for a rail.

[0002] Elastic rail bearings are known in practice and in particular enable vertical deflection of the rail in the installed state.

[0003] However, the elastic rail bearings known from practice require a comparatively complex design, making assembly and disassembly of the entire rail bearing difficult. This complex installation and removal process is not only expensive, but also time-consuming and, in particular, error-prone.

[0004] Furthermore, the familiar elastic rail bearings wear out at regular intervals, necessitating frequent replacement. Long-term use of an elastic rail bearing, especially beyond approximately 10 years, cannot generally be guaranteed with state-of-the-art rail bearings.

[0005] The object of the present invention is to avoid the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art or at least to substantially reduce them.

[0006] The aforementioned object is achieved according to the invention by a rail bearing according to claim 1. The rail bearing according to the invention is particularly intended for use in the elastic support of a rail. Furthermore, the rail bearing according to the invention has a lower base plate and an upper bearing plate. The designations "lower" and "upper" refer to the installed state, with the lower base plate facing the ground.

[0007] The following statements on the rail bearing apply to the installed state, in particular to the unloaded state of the rail bearing.

[0008] The upper bearing plate is to be attached to the lower base plate. The bearing plate is intended to support a rail foot of one or more rails. The rail foot can be arranged directly or indirectly on the bearing plate.

[0009] According to the invention, an elastic spring means designed as a hollow body is provided between the bearing plate and the base plate for deflecting the bearing plate, in particular for vertically deflecting the bearing plate relative to the base plate.

[0010] The advantage of the elastic spring element is that, due to its hollow design, it has the ability to deflect, especially under load. This significantly improves the spring properties of the spring element compared to a solid element, particularly with regard to flexibility during vertical deflection when the rail is loaded.

[0011] A spring element designed as a hollow body also allows for comparatively easy arrangement and positioning on the base plate. In particular, the spring element is not constructed from multiple components that require complex alignment. This significantly simplifies the design of the elastic rail bearing, resulting in easy assembly and disassembly of the entire rail bearing.

[0012] When installed, the base plate is firmly connected, particularly in a fixed position, to a substructure. The bearing plate can preferably move relative to the base plate due to the deflection enabled by the spring means. Movement occurs particularly vertically, but damping and / or deflection can also be ensured, at least in some areas, horizontally, particularly to dampen forces acting laterally on the rail.

[0013] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the spring means is annular. The spring means is particularly preferably designed as a circumferentially closed ring, which is more preferably rotationally symmetrical. The annular shape of the spring means is to be understood in particular such that the spring means is designed as a hollow body with open end faces. This ensures easy positioning. Furthermore, the annular shape also ensures consistent and / or constant deflection for the rail bearing in the area of ​​the spring means.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer surface of the spring means is particularly preferably concave. In this context, it is understood that the outer surface faces away from the interior of the hollow body of the spring means. In this context, a concave design of the spring means makes it possible to specify the deformation of the spring means, particularly under load. This ensures that the spring means is pressed in and / or dented according to its concave outer surfaces and, in particular, does not buckle inwards but is curved outwards under load, in which case a more pronounced concave design of the outer surfaces is present. In this way, the behavior of the spring means under corresponding load can be preferentially predetermined, which is particularly advantageous for the overall design of the rail bearing and its alignment. This also prevents the spring means from slipping and / or tearing under load.

[0015] Furthermore, in a further preferred embodiment, the spring means is arranged in the central region of the base plate. In particular, the spring means is arranged in the central region of the area covered by the bearing plate. Preferably, the spring means is arranged at least substantially in the center point of the area of ​​the base plate covered by the bearing plate. Such an arrangement ensures that uniform deflection and compression of the rail can be ensured via the bearing plate. In this way, the sinking behavior of the bearing plate in relation to the base plate can be optimally adjusted, wherein, preferably, an inclination of the bearing plate under load can be effectively prevented, in particular in this way.

[0016] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base plate has a projection for arranging and / or securing the spring means. In particular, the spring means is placed over the projection of the base plate and / or the projection of the base plate is arranged at least partially in the cavity of the spring means, preferably for positioning the spring means.

[0017] Particularly preferably, the projection has a circular cross-section. In particular, the cross-section of the projection adapts to the inner surface of the spring means. The base plate projection facilitates the assembly of the entire rail bearing, since the base plate projection allows the position of the spring means to be specified, even during assembly, which can prevent the risk of errors due to incorrect positioning of the spring means and / or the risk of the spring means slipping during assembly.

[0018] Furthermore, in a further preferred embodiment, the bearing plate has a pin on the underside facing the base plate for positioning the spring means on the base plate. The pin can also be guided at least partially into the cavity of the spring means and / or arranged therein. Preferably, the pin of the bearing plate also serves to correctly align the spring means in the area of ​​the base plate covered by the bearing plate. Both the pin and the projection provide stop surfaces for the spring means, in particular for the inner circumferential surfaces of the spring means, wherein the spring means can strike the projection and / or the pin under load. Thus, the pin ensures in particular that the forces can be diverted from the rail via the bearing plate to the base plate and, at the same time, that a damping effect or deflection can be provided by the spring means.

[0019] Preferably, a screw having a screw head is guided through an opening in the bearing plate and screwed into a threaded hole in the projection of the base plate. In this way, the screw connects the bearing plate to the base plate in a particularly force-fitting manner. The screw can in particular act as a lift-off device for the base plate and ensures that, under load, the bearing plate does not undesirably lift off the base plate and / or shift relative to it. The screw can be designed such that it has an external thread complementary to the internal thread of the projection. In the area which, in the installed state, is arranged within the opening of the bearing plate, the screw can in particular not have an external thread. The screw can be designed and arranged such that movement of the bearing plate relative to the base plate is ensured during spring deflection.For this purpose, it is particularly advantageous that the screw is arranged in the bearing plate, but preferably does not interact with the bearing plate via a thread.

[0020] Particularly preferably, a recess for the screw head is provided in the bearing plate, with the screw head being completely countersunk into the recess when screwed in. A recess in the screw head ensures that, even if the bearing plate is pulled and / or pressed toward the base plate when the rail is loaded, the screw head, in particular, does not strike the rail foot. Accordingly, the screw also adapts to the possible maximum deflection of the bearing plate relative to the base plate.

[0021] In a further preferred embodiment, a resilient fixing means, in particular an elastomer ring, for the screw is arranged between the screw head and the bottom of the recess. The fixing means can in particular be arranged directly below the screw head and particularly preferably rests on groove legs of the pin, which can form the bottom of the recess, wherein the groove legs delimit the opening of the pin for arranging the screw shaft. The fixing means preferably ensures, in the installed state, that a relative movement is guaranteed between the bearing plate and the base plate without the screw becoming loose from the base plate. Accordingly, it can preferably be ensured that accidental loosening of the screw can be avoided even during long-term use of the rail bearing.

[0022] In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the inventive concept, the spring means can ensure a distance between the bearing plate and the base plate of at least 1 mm, preferably of at least 1 mm to 15 mm, more preferably of at least 2 mm to 10 mm and in particular of at least 4 mm + / - 20%, in the unloaded state. In particular, the distance in the unloaded state also corresponds to the maximum deflection of the bearing plate relative to the base plate, so that the maximum deflection is in particular between at least 2 mm to 10 mm and more preferably 4 mm + / - 20%. This enabled deflection, which can be ensured in particular in the vertical direction in the installed state, can reliably dampen the maximum forces acting on the rail that occur in practice. It goes without saying that in some areas the base plate and the bearing plate can also be spaced apart by a greater distance.However, the aforementioned distance in the unloaded state represents in particular the minimum distance or the smallest distance. This can prevent unwanted impact of the bearing plate on the base plate.

[0023] In a further preferred embodiment, the bearing plate has a particularly circumferential outer collar for delimiting the area of ​​the base plate covered by the bearing plate. The outer collar is particularly preferably provided on the edge of the bearing plate. The aforementioned minimum distance between the bearing plate and the base plate arises in particular between the underside of the collar, which faces the base plate, and the upper side of the base plate, which faces the collar. The collar can in particular surround the spring means and preferably be arranged in a cavity between the bearing plate and the base plate.

[0024] Preferably, at least one outer projection is provided in a cavity between the base plate and the bearing plate to form an inner cavity region and an outer cavity region. The outer projection can be formed on the bearing plate or the base plate. The collar can particularly preferably delimit this cavity or enclose it in the installed state.

[0025] In particular, the outer projection has inner side surfaces facing the inner cavity region and outer side surfaces opposite the inner side surfaces. In particular, the outer projection is arranged, in particular integrally formed, on the upper side of the base plate facing the bearing plate and / or on the underside of the bearing plate facing the base plate.

[0026] Furthermore, the spring means can be arranged in the inner cavity area, preferably centrally within the inner cavity area. A clearance for deflection can also be ensured between the outer projection and the bearing plate or between the outer projection and the base plate—depending on where the outer projection is located.

[0027] Particularly preferably, the outer projection has an at least substantially trapezoidal cross-section.

[0028] In particular, an elastic, in particular circumferential, intermediate layer is provided adjacent to the outer side surfaces of the outer projection. The preferred trapezoidal cross-section can then be arranged particularly preferably on the intermediate layer, so that the intermediate layer is particularly preferably oriented obliquely and / or wedge-shaped in the installed state. The intermediate layer preferably has an at least substantially constant sheath thickness in the unloaded state.

[0029] In a further preferred embodiment, the bearing plate is placed over the outer projection, the cavity between the base plate and the bearing plate, over the spring means, and the elastic intermediate layer, preferably with its collar. Thus, in the installed state, the bearing plate can cover, in particular, the elastic intermediate layer and the spring means, and preferably protect them from dirt. This also allows for the forces acting on the bearing plate to be reliably diverted into the base plate via the spring means and preferably via the elastic intermediate layer.

[0030] The elastic intermediate layer is preferably designed as a hollow body with a closed shell region and preferably open end faces. In this case, the elastic intermediate layer can preferably have an at least substantially rectangular shape in plan view. In cross-section, the elastic intermediate layer can preferably have an at least substantially parallelogram-shaped cross-section. Accordingly, the elastic intermediate layer can in particular be enclosed between the inner side of the collar and the outer side surfaces of the outer projection and thus be aligned in particular obliquely. Particularly preferably, the inner side surfaces of the collar facing the outer projection are designed obliquely, in particular wherein the elastic intermediate layer is enclosed without play in the transverse direction between the outer side surface of the outer projection facing the collar and the inner side surfaces of the collar facing the outer projection.When the bearing plate is loaded, the elastic intermediate layer can expand, particularly in the distance between the underside of the collar and the top of the base plate. A distance can also be provided between the elastic intermediate layer and the top of the base plate. Particularly preferably, the elastic intermediate layer is at least substantially flush with the collar of the bearing plate in the unloaded state.

[0031] In particular, the angle between the inner side surfaces of the collar and the underside of the bearing plate facing the base plate is greater than 90°, preferably between 91° and 150°, more preferably between 95° and 120°. The aforementioned obtuse angle preferably ensures an oblique alignment of the inner side surfaces of the collar and more preferably of the elastic intermediate layer in the installed state. Due to the oblique alignment, the lateral forces acting on the rail can be optimally cushioned. Thus, the spring means can be provided in particular for cushioning the forces acting vertically on the rail, wherein the elastic intermediate layer can additionally serve to cushion the lateral or horizontal forces. Thus, the forces acting on the rail can be optimally absorbed, diverted and / or dampened.This is ensured in particular by the oblique arrangement of the elastic intermediate layer to dampen the forces acting laterally on the rail.

[0032] Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the elastic intermediate layer and / or the underside of the collar facing the base plate, in the unloaded state, has a distance of at least 1 mm, preferably of at least 1 mm to 10 mm, more preferably of at least 2 mm to 8 mm, and in particular of 4 mm + / - 20%, from the upper side of the base plate facing the bearing plate. The aforementioned distance is in particular the minimum distance between the elastic intermediate layer or the underside of the collar facing the base plate and the upper side of the base plate. This distance enables a deflection travel, in particular in the vertical direction.

[0033] Furthermore, in a further preferred embodiment, the upper side of the outer projection facing the bearing plate is at a distance of at least 1 mm, preferably at least 1 mm to 10 mm, more preferably at least 2 mm to 8 mm and in particular 4 mm + / - 20%, from the underside of the bearing plate facing the base plate. In particular, the distance between the upper side of the outer projection and the underside of the bearing plate is at least substantially equal to the distance between the elastic base plate and / or the underside of the collar and the upper side of the base plate. The distance between the upper side of the outer projection and the underside of the bearing plate can also be greater than the distance between the elastic intermediate layer and the base plate.In any case, the above-mentioned distances ensure that the underside of the bearing plate can be prevented from striking the top side of the outer projection and / or the underside of the collar from striking the top side of the base plate, at least substantially, when the rail bearing is loaded.

[0034] Particularly preferably, the screw is countersunk into the bearing plate in such a way that the distance in the unloaded state between the upper side of the screw head and the upper side of the bearing plate facing away from the base plate is greater than the maximum deflection of the spring means and / or the elastic intermediate layer and / or that the distance in the unloaded state between the upper side of the screw head and the upper side of the bearing plate facing away from the base plate is greater than the distance between the elastic intermediate layer and / or the underside of the collar and the upper side of the base plate facing the bearing plate. The aforementioned relationships of the distances to one another ensure, in particular, that the upper side of the screw head can be prevented from directly or indirectly striking the rail foot when the rail bearing is loaded.Thus, the distance between the top of the screw head and the top of the bearing plate is greater than the maximum deflection of the bearing plate. Therefore, even at maximum deflection of the bearing plate, the screw head does not hit the rail foot and thus does not impair the bearing of the rail.

[0035] The bearing plate is preferably designed as a ribbed plate. A ribbed plate is a plate or base for rails known in track construction. Ribbed plates have at least two strips provided on the top, in particular attached ones. The strips can be interrupted in the middle, in particular with the interruption being provided for the arrangement of screws for fastening clamping devices, such as clamping plates and / or tension clamps. The strips give rise to the term "rib" in ribbed plate.

[0036] Preferably, the rail foot of a laid rail can be positioned between the strips.

[0037] Tension clamps can also be arranged on the rails to clamp the rail to the bearing plate. The tension clamps can be firmly attached to the bearing plate using fasteners such as screws or the like. The base plate, in turn, can be firmly connected to the substrate using additional fasteners, in particular sleeper screws.

[0038] The tension clamps also ensure rail damping and safely transfer the rail load to the bearing plate and, via the bearing plate, to the base plate. The rail bearing according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable for supporting rails arranged on ribbed plates. This results in optimal deflection under load, especially for a ribbed plate.

[0039] Preferably, the base plate has an at least substantially rectangular shape in plan view. The base plate can, in particular, be wider than the bearing plate. The bearing plate can, particularly preferably, also have a rectangular shape in plan view and, in particular, is at least substantially square in plan view.

[0040] Furthermore, a cover can be provided for closing and / or covering the gap between the collar of the bearing plate and the upper side of the base plate, in particular fastened to the upper side of the base plate. The cover can in particular protect the cavity between the bearing plate and the base plate from the ingress of dirt particles, liquids or the like, so that in particular the bearing or the elastic deflection via the spring means and preferably via the elastic intermediate layer is / are not impaired. However, a gap between the collar and the base plate is necessary to prevent the collar from striking the base plate under maximum load. This gap can now be effectively closed by the cover. Undesired manipulation by third parties can also be at least essentially reliably prevented by the cover.For this purpose, the cover can be firmly connected to the base plate, in particular by means of a force-locking connection via at least one screw connection. Preferably, two screw connections, in particular the sleeper screws, are provided for fastening the cover.

[0041] To close and / or cover the gap between the collar of the bearing plate and the top side of the base plate, the cover can have a, in particular circumferential, projecting cover collar. The cover collar can have an inner opening, in particular a through-opening, for the bearing plate, wherein the inner opening is delimited or surrounded by the cover collar. The cover collar can be designed such that it also projects beyond the gap, preferably by at least 4 mm, more preferably by at least 10 mm. When the bearing plate is loaded, in particular the position of the cover relative to the base plate does not change.

[0042] In a further preferred embodiment, an elastic plate is provided for placement between the bearing plate and the rail foot. The elastic plate can thus be particularly preferably enclosed between the strips of the bearing plate, which is designed as a ribbed plate, and particularly preferably serves to support the rail foot. The elastic plate also ensures further elastic support for the rail and, in particular, covers the opening in the bearing plate for the screw even when installed, so that the penetration of dirt particles or the like into the opening in the bearing plate can be at least substantially reliably prevented.

[0043] The elastic plate, the spring means, and / or the elastic intermediate layer preferably comprise an elastomer as its material. An elastomer can, in particular, provide the resilient elastic properties for the aforementioned means. Alternatively or additionally, the material of the elastic plate, the spring means, and / or the elastic intermediate layer can have a Shore A hardness between 40 and 100 Shore A, preferably between 50 and 80 Shore A, more preferably between 60 and 70 Shore A. A material with the aforementioned Shore hardness enables, in particular, the necessary stability for the operation of the rail, but at the same time also an elastic deflection when the rails are loaded. Thus, the material, in particular of the spring means and / or the elastic intermediate layer, can be optimally adapted to the usage situation.

[0044] Particularly preferably, the spring means and the elastic intermediate layer comprise at least substantially the same material and / or a material with at least substantially the same Shore hardness, whereby this can also be understood to mean deviations of up to 10% according to the invention.

[0045] Furthermore, it is expressly pointed out that all the intervals mentioned above and below include all intermediate intervals and individual values ​​contained therein and that these intermediate intervals and individual values ​​are to be regarded as essential to the invention, even if these intermediate intervals or individual values ​​are not specifically specified in detail.

[0046] Further features, advantages and possible applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing and the drawing itself. All described and / or illustrated features, individually or in any combination, form the subject matter of the present invention, regardless of their summary in the claims or their reference back to them.

[0047] It shows: Fig. 1 a schematic perspective view of a rail bearing according to the invention, Fig. 2 a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of a rail bearing according to the invention, Fig. 3 a schematic perspective view of parts of the Fig. 2 shown rail bearing, Fig. 4 a schematic perspective view of the Fig. 3 shown parts with inserted spring means according to the invention, Fig. 5 a schematic perspective exploded view of a bearing plate according to the invention and a base plate according to the invention, Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view with a partial section of another embodiment of a rail bearing according to the invention, Fig. 7 a schematic exploded view of another embodiment of a rail bearing according to the invention and Fig. 8 a schematic plan view of another embodiment of a rail bearing according to the invention.

[0048] Fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a rail bearing 1.

[0049] The Fig. 2 shows that in Fig. 1 shows the rail bearing 1 without an elastic plate 41. The elastic plate 41 can be used for arranging a rail 2. Such an elastic plate 41 can be provided, but does not have to be in a rail bearing 1 according to the invention. Fig. 2 a schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of a rail bearing 1 according to the invention.

[0050] The Fig. The rail bearing 1 shown in Figure 2 is intended for use as an elastic support for a rail 2. The rail bearing 1 comprises a lower base plate 3 and an upper bearing plate 4 to be fastened to the base plate 3. Both the bearing plate 4 and the base plate 3 are in the Fig. 2. The individual parts of the rail bearing 1 are particularly clearly shown in the exploded view of the rail bearing 1 Fig. 7 stands out.

[0051] The Fig. Figure 8 further shows that, in the use state, the bearing plate 4 is provided for supporting a rail foot 5 of the rail 2. The aforementioned elastic plate 41 can then optionally be provided between the rail foot 5 and the bearing plate 4.

[0052] The designation "lower" base plate 3 is derived from the installation state. The base plate 3 is then fixed to or on a substrate, for example via sleeper screws 18, as shown in Fig. 8. The bearing plate 4, in turn, serves to arrange – directly or indirectly – the rail 2.

[0053] Between the bearing plate 4 and the base plate 3, an elastic spring means 6 designed as a hollow body is provided for deflecting the bearing plate 4 relative to the base plate 3.

[0054] The spring means 6 is clearly shown, for example, in the Fig. 4 when placed on the base plate 3, but also from the Fig. 7.

[0055] The spring means 6 thus enables relative movement between the bearing plate 4 and the base plate 3, and in particular, a deflection of the bearing plate 4, which is intended to compensate for and / or dissipate forces or stresses acting on the rail 2. In particular, a vertical deflection of the bearing plate 4 is enabled. However, if necessary, forces acting laterally on the rail 2 can also be dampened by the elastic spring means 6.

[0056] Fig. Figure 7 shows that the spring means 6 is annular, namely a circumferentially closed, rotationally symmetrical ring. The annular shape is characterized in particular by a closed outer surface and open end faces. The cross section of the spring means 6 can also be at least substantially circular.

[0057] In Fig. 6 shows a partial sectional view of the outer surface 7 of the spring means 6. This concave design of the outer surface 7 allows for optimizing the sinking behavior of the spring means 6 when the rail 2 is loaded and, in particular, for specifying the deformation under a corresponding load.

[0058] In Fig. 4 shows that the spring means 6 is arranged in the central region 8 of the base plate 3. The central region 8 of the base plate 3 is also determined by which region of the base plate 3 is covered by the bearing plate 4. Particularly preferably, the spring means 6 can be arranged at least substantially in the center of the region of the base plate 3 covered by the bearing plate 4.

[0059] In Fig. 3 shows that the base plate 3 has a projection 9 for arranging and / or fastening the spring means 6. Fig. Figure 3 further shows that the projection 9 is at least substantially circular in cross-section. The projection 9 serves to allow the spring means 6 to be slipped onto this projection 9 or to allow the projection 9 to be arranged in the cavity of the spring means 6, which can be seen schematically from the Fig. 4 and the Fig. 5, but also from the Fig. 6. The Fig. 6 shows the Fig. 5 shown components in the connected state as well as a partial section in perspective view through the bearing plate 4.

[0060] In the Fig. 6 shows that the bearing plate 4 has a pin 11 on the underside 10 facing the base plate 3 for positioning the spring means 6 on the base plate 3. The pin 11 can be positioned at least partially in the cavity of the spring means 6, or the spring means 6 can be at least partially slipped over the pin 11 of the bearing plate 4.

[0061] Particularly preferably, the position of the spring means 6 in the use state is predetermined both by the pin 11 and by the projection 9, which can ensure particularly simple assembly and long-term use of the entire rail bearing 1.

[0062] Also, undesired slipping of the spring means 6 either during assembly or in the state of use can be at least substantially reliably prevented by positioning by means of the pin 11 and the projection 9.

[0063] In Fig. 5, the bearing plate 4 is shown in the non-inserted state or in the state not attached to the base plate 3. The Fig. 5 shows a partial exploded view. Fig. Figure 5 also clearly shows that a screw 13 having a screw head 12 is guided through an opening 14 in the bearing plate 4 and screwed into a threaded bore 15 of the projection 9 of the base plate 3. The screw 13 can have an external thread complementary to the threaded bore 15, so that the screw 13 can be positively connected to the base plate 3. In the area of ​​the opening 14 of the bearing plate 4, the screw 13 can have no external thread and, in particular, can not be positively connected to the bearing plate 4. Ultimately, the screw 13 serves to ensure that the bearing plate 4 cannot be lifted off the base plate 3 when installed. The screw 13 thus fixes the bearing plate 4 to the base plate 3.

[0064] In the bearing plate 4, a recess 16 for the screw head 12 can be provided, wherein the screw head 12 is completely countersunk in the recess 16, as is the case with the Fig. 2. In particular, the screw head 12 does not protrude beyond the upper side 36 of the bearing plate 4 facing away from the base plate 3.

[0065] In Fig. 5 and Fig. 7 shows a fixing means 17 for the screw 13. The fixing means 17 can be designed as an elastomer ring. The fixing means 17 is ultimately arranged between the screw head 12 and the bottom of the recess 16, which can be formed by the grooved limbs of the pin 11. The fixing means 17 can ensure that, particularly during a relative movement between the bearing plate 4 and the base plate 3, the frictional connection between the screw 12 and the base plate 3 is not broken, thus ensuring that the anti-lift protection for the bearing plate 4 can be guaranteed even during long-term use.

[0066] What is not shown is that the spring means 6 ensures a distance between the bearing plate 4 and the base plate 3 of at least 1 mm, in particular of 4 mm + / - 20%, in the unloaded state, wherein the distance can be the minimum distance between the base plate 3 and the bearing plate 4. The distance between the base plate 3 and the bearing plate 4 can thus be at least 4 mm in the unloaded state. It is understood that larger distances can also be included between the bearing plate 4 and the base plate 3. In that case, the aforementioned distance refers in particular to the minimum distance between the bearing plate 4 and the base plate 3 in the unloaded state. The rail bearing 1 can be designed such that even with maximum deflection of the bearing plate 4, the bearing plate 4 in particular does not strike the base plate 3 directly.

[0067] The Fig. 5 shows that the bearing plate 4 has a collar 19. The collar 19 serves to delimit the area of ​​the base plate 3 covered by the bearing plate 4. In the Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 5, the collar 19 is designed to be circumferential. In particular, the collar 19 is designed as a circumferentially closed collar 19. The collar 19 can be arranged, in particular, on the edge sides of the bearing plate 4 and preferably protrudes from the upper side 26 of the base plate 3.

[0068] The collar 19 can ultimately form a cavity 20 between the base plate 3 and the bearing plate 4. This cavity 20 originates, for example, from the Fig. 6. The cavity 20 between the base plate 3 and the bearing plate 4 can have an outer projection 21. The outer projection 21, in turn, serves to form an inner cavity region 22 and an outer cavity region 23 in the cavity 20. These cavity regions 22, 23 can be separated from one another by the outer projection 21. For this purpose, the outer projection 21 can be designed, in particular, to be circumferential, preferably closed.

[0069] It is understood that the inner and outer cavity regions 22, 23 can be connected to one another via a gap or the like. In particular, the outer cavity region 23 does not directly merge into the inner cavity region 22 at or on the upper side 26 of the base plate 3, but rather the cavity regions 22, 23 are separated from one another by the outer projection 21.

[0070] The outer projection 21 can be provided either on the bearing plate 4 or on the base plate 3. In the illustrated and preferred embodiments, the outer projection 21 is provided on the base plate 3. The other variant, namely the arrangement of the outer projection 21 on the bearing plate 4, is not shown, but can also be implemented in other, equally preferred embodiments.

[0071] In Fig. 3 shows that the outer projection 21 has inner side surfaces 24 facing the inner cavity region 22 and outer side surfaces 25 opposite the inner side surfaces 24. The inner and outer side surfaces 24, 25 are provided in particular circumferentially and are more preferably composed of four side surfaces each, which are formed by the sides of the outer projection 21. However, more than four sides can also be provided; this ultimately depends on the shape of the outer projection 21. In Fig. 3 shows that the outer projection 21 is arranged, in particular formed, on the upper side 26 of the base plate 3 facing the bearing plate 4.

[0072] It is not shown in more detail that in further embodiments the outer projection 21 can be arranged, in particular formed, on the underside 10 of the bearing plate 4 facing the base plate 3.

[0073] The one in the Fig. The outer projection 21 shown in Figure 8 has an at least substantially trapezoidal cross-section. The trapezoidal cross-section is characterized in particular by side surfaces 24, 25 arranged obliquely to the upper side 33 of the outer projection 21. An oblique arrangement is to be understood in particular as meaning that an obtuse angle is enclosed between the upper side 33 of the outer projection 21 and the inner and outer side surfaces 24, 25 of the outer projection 21. The angles between the upper side 33 of the outer projection 21 and the inner and outer side surfaces 24, 25 can be the same or different. In both embodiments, a trapezoidal shape would be present. The underside of the outer projection 21 merges directly into the upper side 26 of the base plate 3 and is in particular aligned flush with the latter. The upper side 33 and the underside of the outer projection 21 can in particular be aligned parallel to one another.

[0074] In Fig. 6 shows that the spring means 6 is arranged in the inner cavity region 22. The projection 9 of the base plate 3 is also arranged in the inner cavity region 22, preferably centrally in the inner cavity region 22, as shown in the Fig. 6 shows.

[0075] In addition to the spring means 6, an elastic intermediate layer 27 can also be provided, as provided. The elastic intermediate layer 27 can be arranged at least indirectly on the outer projection 21. Thus, the outer projection 21 can also separate the spring means 6 and the elastic intermediate layer 27 from each other, thus forming an inner cavity region 22 for the spring means 6 and an outer cavity region 23 for the elastic intermediate layer 27.

[0076] The elastic intermediate layer 27 can, as shown in Fig. 4, adjacent, in particular directly adjacent, to the outer side surfaces 25 of the outer projection 21. In particular, the elastic intermediate layer 27 abuts the outer side surface 25 of the outer projection 21 in the installed state. The elastic intermediate layer 27 can in particular be designed to be circumferential.

[0077] The elastic intermediate layer 27 can also ensure elastic support for the bearing plate 4 and, consequently, for the rail 2. However, the elastic intermediate layer 27 can be designed differently than the spring means 6, whereby the damping and deflection properties for the rail 2 can be optimized.

[0078] In Fig. 6 shows that the spring means 6 is primarily responsible for the deflection and damping properties of the rail bearing 1. The elastic intermediate layer 27, in turn, serves as an additional elastic bearing, which, if necessary, can also be used to dampen forces acting on the rail 2. In particular, forces impacting or acting laterally on the rail 2 can be absorbed by the elastic intermediate layer 27, diverted into the base plate 3, and preferably dampened. Furthermore, the elastic intermediate layer 27 can expand if necessary upon vertical deflection of the spring means 6 and thus additionally ensure protection against the bearing plate 4 striking the base plate 3, since a distance 18 is then ensured between the spring means 6 and the base plate 3 by the expanded intermediate layer 27. This is shown in Fig. 6 is not shown because the Fig. 6 refers to the unloaded state. Under corresponding loading, the elastic intermediate layer 27 also deforms.

[0079] In Fig. Figure 7 shows that the elastic intermediate layer 27 is designed as a hollow body with a closed shell region and preferably open end faces 29, 30. In this case, the elastic intermediate layer 27 can have an at least substantially rectangular shape in plan view. However, other shapes, such as a ring shape, are also possible in principle. Furthermore, the elastic intermediate layer 27 can have an at least substantially parallelogram-shaped cross-section.

[0080] Furthermore, the Fig. 6, that the bearing plate 4 is slipped over the outer projection 21, the cavity 20 between the base plate 3 and the bearing plate 4, the spring means 6 and the elastic intermediate layer 27, preferably using the collar 19. The slipped collar 19 is particularly clearly shown in the Fig. 6, since in the Fig. 6 a partial section through the spring means 6 and the bearing plate 4 can be seen.

[0081] As previously explained, the outer projection 21 can have inclined outer side surfaces 25. The inner side surfaces 31 of the collar 19 facing the outer projection 21 can also be inclined. In particular, the angle α between the inner side surfaces 31 and the straight underside 10 of the bearing plate 4 can be blunt, preferably greater than 90°, more preferably between 95° and 120°. The elastic intermediate layer 27 can be enclosed without play in the transverse direction between the outer side surfaces 25 of the outer projection 21 facing the collar 19 and the inner side surfaces 31 of the collar 19 facing the outer projection 21. In particular, the elastic intermediate layer 27 is pressed between the outer side surfaces 25 of the outer projection 21 and the inner side surfaces 31 of the collar 19.

[0082] In the installed state, different distances can be provided between the base plate 3 and the bearing plate 4. Not shown is that the elastic intermediate layer 27, but also the underside 42 of the collar 19 facing the base plate 3, has a distance of at least 1 mm, in particular of 4 mm + / - 20%, from the upper side 26 of the base plate 3 facing the bearing plate 4 in the unloaded state.

[0083] Further not shown is that the upper side 33 of the outer projection 21 facing the bearing plate 4 has a distance from the underside 10 of the bearing plate 4 facing the base plate 3 of at least 1 mm, in particular of 4 mm + / - 20%.

[0084] In particular, the two aforementioned distances are at least substantially equal, preferably with a deviation of less than 10%.

[0085] The distance between the upper side 26 and the lower side 42 can be at least partially filled in the loaded state, in particular by the material of the elastic intermediate layer 27.

[0086] Not shown is that a further distance is provided which results between the upper side of the screw head 12 and the upper side 36 of the bearing plate 4. This distance can in particular be greater than the distance between the upper side 26 and / or the distance between the upper side 33 and the underside 10. By making the distance between the upper side of the screw head 12 and the upper side 36 larger, it can be ensured that even at maximum deflection, the upper side of the screw head 12 does not protrude beyond the upper side 36 of the bearing plate 4 or is arranged flush with it, so that even during deflection, a countersinking of the screw head 12 can be guaranteed. Undesired damage to the rail foot 5 when the rail 2 is loaded can thus be avoided. Accordingly, the distance 35 can be greater than the maximum deflection travel of the spring means 6 and / or the elastic intermediate layer 27.

[0087] In the unloaded state, the above-mentioned distances are in particular clear distances.

[0088] In Fig. 5 shows that the bearing plate 4 is designed as a ribbed plate. A ribbed plate has at least two strips 37 provided on the top. The strips 37 can, in particular, be placed on top. The rail foot 5 of a placed rail 2 can be positioned between the strips 37, in particular in a form-fitting manner, as shown in Fig. 8. The strips 37 can be interrupted, in particular, in the middle. In the illustrated embodiment, the ribbed plate has two interrupted strips 37. Screws 32 for fastening tension clamps 34 and / or clamping means for enclosing the rail foot 5, in particular for clamping and / or pre-tensioning the rail foot 5, can be arranged in the interruption of the strips 37, as shown in FIG. Fig. 8 shows.

[0089] Ribbed plates are known in track construction, but are not supported by an elastic spring means 6; this has only been made possible by the present invention.

[0090] Fig. 8 shows a plan view of a bearing plate 4 designed as a ribbed plate, wherein tension clamps are used to fasten or pre-tension the rail 2 to the bearing plate 4.

[0091] In Fig. 5 shows that the base plate 3 has at least substantially a rectangular shape in plan view.

[0092] In Fig. 7 shows a cover 38 for closing and / or covering the gap between collar 19 of bearing plate 4 and top side 26 of base plate 3. The cover 38 is fastened to the top side 26 of base plate 3 in the installed state, as shown in Fig. 8. The fastening can be effected in particular by means of the sleeper screws 18 that fasten the base plate 3. However, other fastening options for the cover 38 to the base plate 3 are also possible. The cover 38 can also have a screw opening 35 for receiving the sleeper screws 18, as does the base plate 3. These screw openings 35 are shown, for example, in the Fig. 1 to 7 shown.

[0093] Not shown is that the cover 38 ultimately covers the gap between the collar 19 and the upper side 26 of the base plate 3 and, in particular, projects beyond the gap or protrudes from it, preferably by at least 3 mm. This ensures that no liquid penetrates into the cavity 20 and / or the outer cavity region 23 in the installed state, since the cavity 20 and / or the outer cavity region 23 is closed and protected by the cover 38 – both in the unloaded and loaded state of the rail bearing 1.

[0094] The cover 38 can have a particularly circumferential projecting cover projection 39, as shown in Fig. 7. The cover collar 39 can then serve to close and / or cover the gap between collar 19 of the bearing plate 4 and the upper side 26 of the base plate 3, wherein the cover collar 39 surrounds an inner opening 40 of the cover 38. The cover collar 39 can also protrude beyond the gap, as previously explained. This inner opening 40 serves for the arrangement of the bearing plate 4, as shown in the Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is shown schematically.

[0095] In Fig. Figure 1 also shows an elastic plate 41, which has already been discussed previously. The elastic plate 41 is positioned between the bearing plate 4 and the rail base 5.

[0096] The elastic intermediate layer 27, the spring means 6, and / or the elastic plate 41 can comprise and / or consist of an elastic material, in particular an elastomer. In particular, the material of the elastic plate 41, the spring means 6, and / or the elastic intermediate layer 27 can have a Shore A hardness between 50 and 80.

[0097] The elastic components of the rail bearing 1 - that is, the elastic plate 41, the spring means 6 and the elastic intermediate layer 27 - can have the same elastic material or different elastic materials - depending on the desired elastic deflection. List of reference symbols: 1 rail bearing 2 rails 3 Base plate 4 bearing plate 5 rail foot 6 spring means 7 outer surface of 6 8 central area of ​​3 9 lead of 3 10 bottom of 4 11 cones 12 screw head 13 Screw 14 Opening of 4 15 threaded holes of 9 16 depression 17 Fixatives 18 Sleeper screw 19 collars of 4 20 cavity between 3 and 4 21 outside projection 22 inner cavity area 23 outer cavity area 24 inner side surface of 21 25 outer side surface of 21 26 Top of 3 27 elastic intermediate layer 28 shell area of ​​27 29 front of 27 30 front of 27 31 inner side surface of 19 32 screw 33 top of 21 34 tension clamp 35 screw opening of 3 36 top of 4 37 strips 38 Cover 39 Cover collar 40 opening of 38 41 elastic plate 42 bottom of 19 α angle between 31 and 10

Claims

[1] Rail bearing (1), in particular intended for use for the elastic mounting of a rail (2), with a lower base plate (3) and an upper bearing plate (4) to be fastened to the base plate (3), wherein the bearing plate (4) is intended for mounting a rail foot (5) of the rail (2), wherein an elastic spring means (6) designed as a hollow body is provided between the bearing plate (4) and the base plate (3) for deflecting the bearing plate (4) relative to the base plate (3). [2] Rail bearing according to claim 1, characterized by that the spring means (6) is annular, in particular as a circumferentially closed, preferably rotationally symmetrical, ring, and / or that the outer circumferential surface (7) of the spring means (6) is concave and / or that the spring means (6) is arranged in the central region (8) of the base plate (3). [3] Rail bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized bythat the base plate (3) has a projection (9), in particular one which is circular in cross section, for arranging and / or fastening the spring means (6), in particular wherein the spring means (6) is slipped onto the projection of the base plate (3), and / or that the bearing plate (4) has a pin (11) on the underside (10) facing the base plate (3) for positioning the spring means (6) on the base plate (3). [4] Rail bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat a screw (13) having a screw head (12) is guided through an opening (14) in the bearing plate (4) and screwed into a threaded bore (15) in the projection (9) of the base plate (3) and / or that a recess (16) for the screw head (12) is provided in the bearing plate (4) and that the screw head (12) is completely countersunk in the recess (16) and / or that a resilient fixing means (17), in particular an elastomer ring, for the screw (13) is arranged between the screw head (12) and the bottom of the recess (16). [5] Rail bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the spring means (6) in the unloaded state ensures a distance between the bearing plate (4) and the base plate (3) of at least 1 mm, preferably of at least 1 mm to 15 mm, more preferably of at least 2 mm to 10 mm and in particular of at least 4 mm + / - 20%, and / or that the bearing plate (4) has an outer collar (19), in particular a circumferential one, for delimiting the area of ​​the base plate (3) covered by the bearing plate (4) and / or that the upper side (33) of the outer projection (21) facing the bearing plate (4) has a distance of at least 1 mm, preferably of at least 1 mm to 10 mm, more preferably of at least 2 mm to 8 mm and in particular of 4 mm + / - 20%, from the underside (10) of the bearing plate (4) facing the base plate (3). [6] Rail bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat in a cavity (20) between the base plate (3) and the bearing plate (4) at least one outer projection (21) is provided to form an inner cavity region (22) and an outer cavity region (23) and / or that the outer projection (21) has inner side surfaces (24) facing the inner cavity region (22) and outer side surfaces (25) opposite the inner side surfaces (24), in particular wherein the outer projection (21) is arranged, in particular formed, on the upper side (26) of the base plate (3) facing the bearing plate (4) and / or on the underside (10) of the bearing plate (4) facing the base plate (3), and / or that the outer projection (21) has an at least substantially trapezoidal cross-section and / or that the spring means (6) is arranged in the inner cavity region (22) and / or that adjacent to the outer side surfaces (25) of the outer projection (21) elastic, especially circumferential,intermediate layer (27) is provided., [7] Rail bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the bearing plate (4) is slipped over the outer projection (21), the cavity (20) between the base plate (3) and the bearing plate (4), the spring means (6) and the elastic intermediate layer (27), preferably with its collar (19). [8] Rail bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the elastic intermediate layer (27) is designed as a hollow body with a closed casing region (28) and preferably open end faces (29, 30) and / or that the elastic intermediate layer (27) has an at least substantially rectangular shape in plan view and / or that the elastic intermediate layer (27) has an at least substantially parallelogram-shaped cross-section. [9] Rail bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the inner side surfaces (31) of the collar (19) facing the outer projection (21) are designed to run obliquely, in particular wherein the elastic intermediate layer (27) is enclosed without play in the transverse direction between the outer side surfaces (25) of the outer projection (21) facing the collar (19) and the inner side surfaces (31) of the collar (19) facing the outer projection (21), and / or that the angle (α) between the inner side surfaces (31) of the collar (19) and the underside (10) of the bearing plate (4) facing the base plate (3) is greater than 90°, preferably between 91° and 150°, more preferably between 95° and 120°, and / or that the elastic intermediate layer (27) and / or the underside (42) of the collar (19) facing the base plate (3) have a distance of at least 1 mm in the unloaded state, preferably from at least 1 mm to 10 mm, more preferably from at least 2 mm to 8 mm and in particular from 4 mm + / - 20%,to the upper side (26) of the base plate (3) facing the bearing plate (4). [10] Rail bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the screw (13) is countersunk into the bearing plate (4) in such a way that the distance in the unloaded state between the upper side of the screw head (12) and the upper side (36) of the bearing plate (4) facing away from the base plate (3) is greater than the maximum deflection path of the spring means (6) and / or the elastic intermediate layer (27) and / or that the distance in the unloaded state between the upper side of the screw head (12) and the upper side (36) of the bearing plate (4) facing away from the base plate (3) is greater than the distance between the elastic intermediate layer (27) and / or the underside (42) of the collar (19) and the upper side (26) of the base plate (3) facing the bearing plate (4). [11] Rail bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the bearing plate (4) is designed as a ribbed plate with at least two strips (37) provided on the top, in particular placed on top, preferably between which the rail foot (5) of a placed rail (2) can be positioned, in particular in a form-fitting manner, in particular wherein the strips (37) are interrupted in the middle, and / or that the base plate (3) has at least substantially a rectangular shape in plan view. [12] Rail bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat a cover (38) is provided for closing and / or covering the gap between the collar (19) of the bearing plate (4) and the upper side (26) of the base plate (3), in particular is fastened to the upper side (26) of the base plate (3), and / or that the cover (38) has a particularly circumferential, projecting cover collar (39) for closing and / or covering the gap between the collar (19) of the bearing plate (4) and the upper side (26) of the base plate (3), and that the cover collar (38) surrounds an inner opening (40) for the bearing plate (4). [13] Rail bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat an elastic plate (41) is provided for arrangement between the bearing plate (4) and the rail foot (5) and / or that the elastic plate (41), the spring means (6) and / or the elastic intermediate layer (27) have an elastomer as material and / or that the material of the elastic plate (41), the spring means (6) and / or the elastic intermediate layer (27) has a Shore hardness A of between 40 and 100 Shore A, preferably from 50 to 80 Shore A, more preferably from 60 to 70 Shore A.

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