Belt deflection for work machines with working areas facing against the direction of travel

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle seat (1) with a safety belt device (4), wherein the safety belt device (4) comprises a 3-point safety belt (9, 10, 11) with a first belt anchor point (5) on a first side area (12) and a second belt anchor point (6) on a second side area (13) of a seat part (2) of the vehicle seat, and a third belt anchor point (7) on an upper area (3c) of a backrest (3) of the vehicle seat (1), wherein the third belt anchor point (7) together with an upper part (3b) of the backrest (3a), which is divided into two parts, is displaceable laterally in the direction (18a) of at least one side edge (18) of a lower part (3a) of the backrest (3).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a vehicle seat with a safety belt device comprising a 3-point safety belt with a first belt holding point, a second belt holding point and a third belt holding point.

[0002] Seat belt systems for vehicle seats are available in many different versions. Commercial vehicle seats for work machines, such as excavators or forklifts, have traditionally been equipped with two-point seat belts, as these are sufficient for low speeds. However, increased safety demands are now being placed on these vehicles in the event of an accident. Particularly when such commercial vehicles are used in municipal areas, rapid transport of goods between a loading point and a storage location is increasingly required. This results in increased speeds for such commercial vehicles or work machines, which increases the risk of accidents for the driver.

[0003] There is therefore a need to better protect drivers and passengers operating such work machines in the event of an accident at higher transport speeds. Current two-point safety belts cannot provide such protection, as they only secure the driver in the hip area with a first and second belt attachment point, but do not provide support for the driver's upper body.

[0004] However, such 2-point seat belts are very popular in off-highway vehicles, as the driver often has to turn around to get a clear view of the rear of the vehicle, for example, when reversing. In such cases, a third belt attachment point near the driver's upper body would be inconvenient for a 3-point seat belt and would hinder the driver's ability to turn around.

[0005] Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide a commercial vehicle seat with a safety belt device for commercial vehicles, in particular work machine vehicles, in which increased safety requirements are met even during faster transport journeys in the forward direction and at the same time a comfortable turning around of the driver is provided in the event of reversing.

[0006] This problem is solved by the features of patent claim 1.

[0007] An essential point of the invention is that in a vehicle seat with a safety belt device which is equipped with a 3-point safety belt with a first belt holding point, a second belt holding point and a third belt holding point, the third belt holding point can be displaced laterally in the direction of at least one side edge of a lower part of the backrest together with an upper part of the backrest, which is divided into two parts.

[0008] The first belt attachment point is attached to a first side area and the second belt attachment point is attached to a second side area of ​​a seat part of the vehicle seat, one of these two belt attachment points being detachable in order to allow the seat belt to be retracted.

[0009] The third belt attachment point, on the other hand, is the one designed to restrain the upper body of the commercial vehicle driver in the event of a collision or similar accident and to support it against the backrest. This belt attachment point can advantageously be relocated sideways along with the upper section of the backrest when the driver turns around, i.e. when the driver turns backwards in the upper body area, so that the belt itself and the third belt attachment point do not hinder the driver during this movement. Instead, the third belt attachment point has been moved sideways outwards, towards the opposite side of the vehicle seat to which the driver turns backwards. So if the driver turns to the right in order to be able to look backwards, the third belt attachment point in the upper area of ​​the backrest or above it is moved to the left.For this purpose, the backrest is divided into two sections, allowing the upper section to be shifted, moved, or pivoted relative to the lower section. This allows the driver to comfortably turn to the right and backward with their entire upper body and shoulders without the 3-point safety belt in the upper section getting in the way.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment, the third belt attachment point is integrated into a deflection device for deflecting the seat belt from an upward to a downward movement, wherein the deflection device is attached to the upper part of the backrest so as to extend diagonally upwards. Thus, the deflection device can be arranged above an upper edge of the upper part of the backrest in order to guide the seat belt for a comfortable path from top to bottom to one of the first or second belt attachment points. Of course, such a deflection device can be designed to be height-adjustable so that the third belt attachment point of the seat belt can be moved further up or further down towards the vehicle seat and thus the backrest. This is advantageous for drivers of different heights.

[0011] Preferably, a belt retractor mechanism is arranged at the belt end on a rear side of the upper part of the backrest or within the upper part. Thus, the belt path extends from the back side or from the interior of the upper part upwards to the deflection device and from there downwards again at the front of the backrest and the driver to the first or second belt attachment point.

[0012] Alternatively, the belt retractor device can be arranged at the belt end on the rear side of the lower part of the backrest or within this backrest part, with the belt then extending over parts of the rear side of the lower part and over the rear side of the upper part upwards to the deflection point of the deflection device. Such an arrangement advantageously results in the belt retractor device being attached to the more stably positioned lower part, which is connected to the seat part and, if applicable, a seat frame. Whereas, if the belt retractor device is arranged on the upper part, high stability requirements are placed on a displacement mechanism in the form of a holding device and a guide device between the upper and lower parts.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, a holding device is provided by means of which the third belt attachment point is mounted on the upper part of the backrest so that it can be displaced relative to the lower part of the backrest. This holding device has the particular task of firmly and stationary connecting the upper part to the lower part in the non-displaced state and, with the aid of an associated guide device, ensuring the stable lateral displacement of the upper part relative to the lower part. This is because the attachment of the third belt attachment point together with the deflection device to the upper part of the backrest can result in significant forces acting on the upper part in the event of a vehicle collision or similar accident, as the driver's upper body is thrown forward into the upper area of ​​the seat belt.In this case, large forces act on the upper section, especially in its upper area, which is why a reliably stable connection between the upper and lower sections is required. This connection, in the form of the retaining device together with the guide device, should be present, especially when the third belt attachment point is not relocated, together with a non-relocated upper section, since in this position of the upper section relative to the lower section, the commercial vehicle travels forward at potentially higher speeds.

[0014] The guide device is designed so that the third belt attachment point can be displaced with the upper part of the backrest relative to the lower part along a displacement path, whereby the displacement path can vary depending on how far the driver moves the upper part sideways with a shoulder movement in order to turn backwards.

[0015] For such a displacement of the upper belt holding point together with the upper part relative to the lower part, the guide device preferably has two guide elements arranged one above the other and spaced apart from each other, which can be designed, for example, as rods. In this way, bushings connected to the upper part can be moved along these rods, or alternatively, wheel elements attached to the upper part can be rolled.

[0016] Alternatively, the guide elements can be equipped with guide grooves and / or guide bars to allow them to be moved relative to each other. For example, the guide grooves are attached to or integrated into the upper part, and the guide bars are firmly connected to the lower part, allowing the guide grooves on the guide bars to be moved to move the upper belt holding point together with the upper part relative to the lower part.

[0017] In the context of the invention, the term "guide elements" describes elongated elements that are mounted in various ways using appropriate bearings. It is clear that more than two such guide elements can be provided, thereby increasing the stability of the holding device; however, this also complicates the design effort accordingly.

[0018] The displacement, for example in the form of a shift, of the upper part relative to the lower part can also be carried out pneumatically or hydraulically with appropriate pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder elements.

[0019] However, a particularly simple mechanism with regard to the guide device can be achieved if the displacement or relocation is carried out manually, if necessary with mechanical support from one or more spring elements.

[0020] A structurally very simple design variant accordingly provides that the guide device has guide elements and / or rollers, whereby the upper part can be mounted on the holding device by means of a sliding bearing or a roller bearing.

[0021] In the sense of the invention, the term guide elements is understood to mean elongated, longitudinal guide elements which are mounted in sliding bodies.

[0022] Accordingly, the term roller guide elements describes elongated, longitudinal guide elements which are supported by rolling elements or roller bearings.

[0023] It is understood that a combination of plain bearings and roller bearings can also be implemented with regard to the guide device in order to ensure reliable linear displacement of the upper part along the displacement path.

[0024] It is further understood that corresponding sliding guide elements or roller guide elements can be provided in almost any design and arrangement on the guide device.

[0025] The present guide device can be integrated into the vehicle seat in a particularly space-saving manner if the guide device has rod and / or tube elements which are arranged within the upper part.

[0026] Ideally, these rod and / or roller elements are fully integrated into the upper part of the backrest, but they can also be arranged only partially within the upper part of the backrest if designed accordingly.

[0027] According to a preferred embodiment, the rod and / or roller elements are arranged within the upper part of the backrest such that they are displaced together with the upper part and the upper belt attachment point. It can be ensured that, upon displacement, the rod and / or roller elements are completely displaced together with the upper part into the otherwise vehicle seat-free area of ​​the cabin, so that a component-free area is created above the lower part in the upper area of ​​the backrest on the vehicle seat to provide support for the upper arm and shoulder of the driver turning backward.

[0028] In order to be able to guide the sliding guide elements or the roller guide elements in a reliable manner, it is advantageous if the guide device has sliding bearing elements and / or roller bearing elements which are arranged on the backrest lower part and on which rod and / or roller elements are preferably guided transversely or at a different angle to the main direction.

[0029] With the help of the plain bearing elements or roller bearing elements, advantageous bearing means are realized, by means of which the rod and / or roller elements can be guided on the backrest lower part in a structurally simple and space-saving manner.

[0030] It should be noted here that such plain bearing elements or roller bearing elements do not necessarily have to be attached to the lower part of the backrest. Rather, with appropriate design, they can also be arranged in other areas of the backrest or on a frame adjacent to the vehicle seat, or similarly.

[0031] Advantageously, these sliding bearing elements and / or roller bearing elements are arranged in a fixed position on the backrest lower part, so that a particularly simple construction of a holding device designed or equipped with the guide device can be realized.

[0032] Furthermore, an advantageous embodiment provides that the guide device has a displacement curve that is bent at least once, preferably multiple times.

[0033] The upper part of the backrest represents a part of the backrest that can be moved at least laterally relative to the seat part.

[0034] According to a preferred embodiment, a sensor device is arranged on the guide device, by means of which a displacement movement of the third belt holding point relative to the lower part can be detected. This sensor device comprises at least one position sensor and / or at least one motion sensor.

[0035] The output signals from the sensor device can be used in a control device to ensure that the vehicle does not exceed a maximum speed when the third belt holding point is displaced laterally. This ensures that the vehicle cannot exceed a maximum permitted and preselectable speed, even when the upper section and the third belt holding point are displaced. This prevents the upper belt holding point and the upper section from having to absorb large forces in the event of an accident, which would be too great for the holding device and the guide device in this state. This could result in the upper section becoming accidentally bent or separated from the lower section.

[0036] Further advantageous embodiments emerge from the dependent claims in conjunction with the drawings. Herein: Fig. 1 shows a schematic front view of a vehicle seat with a two-part backrest and without a safety belt device; Fig. 2 shows a schematic front view of the vehicle seat according to the invention with a safety belt device according to an embodiment of the invention with a non-displaced upper part; Fig. 3 in a schematic front view the Fig. 2 shows a vehicle seat according to the embodiment with a displaced upper part; Fig. 4 in a schematic front view of the vehicle seat with the safety belt device with a non-displaced upper part, and Fig. 5 the vehicle seat in front view according to Fig. 4 with a displaced upper part.

[0037] In Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic front view of a vehicle seat 1. The vehicle seat 1 comprises a seat part 2 and a backrest 3. The backrest is constructed in two parts and includes a lower backrest part 3a and an upper backrest part 3b. The upper backrest part 3b can be moved laterally to the left or right relative to the backrest part 3a, thereby allowing the driver to turn backward. When turning backward in this manner, the driver's shoulder and upper arm are rested on an upper side of the lower part 3a.

[0038] In Fig. 2 is the Fig. 1 shows a vehicle seat with a safety belt device according to an embodiment of the invention. This illustration shows that the vehicle seat 1 has a safety belt device 4, which is attached to the upper part 3b of the backrest, extending obliquely upwards.

[0039] A 3-point safety belt has a first belt attachment point 5 in a first side region 12 of the seat part or the backrest, or therebetween. A second belt attachment point 6 is arranged on the other side of the vehicle seat in a second side region 13 on the seat part, the backrest, or therebetween. Both belt attachment points 5 and 6 are firmly connected to the vehicle seat in these side regions, with the first belt attachment point 5 being designed to be releasable by manual operation.

[0040] The 3-point safety belt is thus formed between the first and second belt attachment points 5, 6 with a first section 11 of the safety belt. A second section 10 of the safety belt extends from the first belt attachment point 5 to a third belt attachment point 7, which is guided in a deflection device 14 extending obliquely upwards (cf. Fig. 3).

[0041] The third belt holding point 7 has a through-opening 20 within the deflection device 14, through which the safety belt 10 is guided and then extends in a downward direction with a section 9 to a belt retractor mechanism 8 or a belt retractor mechanism device 8 attached to the rear of the upper part.

[0042] In Fig. 3 is the Fig. 2 shows the vehicle seat with a laterally displaced upper part 3b. This illustration shows that the deflection device 14 consists of a substantially flat component 14, which is attached to the upper part 3b and extends obliquely upwards.

[0043] The upper part 3b is displaced laterally to the left, viewed in the seat direction, by a displacement distance 19 relative to the lower part 3a, together with the third belt holding point 7 and thus together with the deflection device 14. During this movement, the deflection device 14, together with the third belt holding point 7, is displaced or pivoted to the left, whereby the sections 9 and 10 of the safety belt are readjusted according to arrows 15, 16 by the belt being unwound from the belt retractor mechanism 8.

[0044] The lateral displacement movement, pivoting movement or general displacement movement is shown by an arrow 18 a.

[0045] A sensor device 17, which is arranged either between the upper part 3b and the lower part 3a or on one of these parts, serves to detect the sliding movement or pivoting movement 18a in order to issue a warning signal via a control device not shown in detail here or to control the vehicle in such a way that a preselectable maximum speed in the forward direction is not permitted.

[0046] In Fig. 4 and Fig. Figure 5 again shows a front view of a vehicle seat with the upper section displaced and not displaced. These illustrations show a retaining device with a guide mechanism in more detail.

[0047] According to these representations Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 that a holding device 21 is arranged between the upper part and the lower part in order to hold the upper part 3b displaceably mounted on the backrest relative to the backrest lower part 3a.

[0048] The holding device 21 is releasably secured in holding bushings (not shown in detail here) correspondingly embedded in the backrest lower part 3a by means of only schematically indicated holding bracket elements 21a and 21b, which are connected to one another by a holding plate element 21c.

[0049] This holding device 21 designed in this way has a guide device 25 which is designed in such a way that the backrest upper part 3b can be displaced in a linear manner laterally along a displacement path 19 over at least one second side edge 18 of the backrest lower part 3a or the backrest 3, while the backrest lower part 3a is stationary relative to the seat part 2.

[0050] Retaining guide elements 26, 27, and 28 attached to the lower part are fixedly arranged. Rod elements 25A and 25B are connected to the upper part and can be moved within the retaining guide elements 26, 27, 28 to enable the upper part to be moved laterally in a stable manner. The rod elements 25a and 25b are curved in several directions, so that the backrest upper part 3b can follow a multiply curved displacement path or displacement curve (not explicitly shown here). This makes it possible for the backrest upper part 3b to advantageously circumvent obstacles (not shown here) when moving between the centrally arranged position and the off-center support bearing position or lateral displacement position. List of reference symbols 1 vehicle seat 2 seat part 3 backrest 3a Backrest 3b Upper part 3c upper area 4 Seat belt device 5 first belt attachment point 6 second belt attachment point 7 third belt attachment point 8 Belt retractor mechanism 9 Seat belt 10 Seat belt 11 Seat belt 12 first page section 13 second page area 14 Deflection device 15 Downward movement 16 Upward movement 17 Sensor device 18 Displacement movement 18a lateral direction 19 Relocation route 20 deflection device 21 Holding device 25 Guide device 25a arranged guide element 25b arranged guide element 26 Holding guide element 27 Holding guide element 28 Holding guide element

Claims

[1] Vehicle seat (1) with a safety belt device (4), wherein the safety belt device (4) comprises a 3-point safety belt (9, 10, 11) with a first belt holding point (5) on a first side region (12) and a second belt holding point (6) on a second side region (13) of a seat part (2) of the vehicle seat and a third belt holding point (7) on an upper region (3c) of a backrest (3) of the vehicle seat (1), characterized by , that the third belt holding point (7) together with an upper part (3b) of the backrest (3a), which is divided into two parts, can be displaced laterally in the direction (18a) of at least one side edge (18) of a lower part (3a) of the backrest (3). [2] Vehicle seat according to claim 1, characterized byin that the third belt holding point (7) is integrated into a deflection device (20, 14) for deflecting the safety belt (9, 10) from an upward to a downward movement (16, 15), wherein the deflection device (20, 14) is attached to the upper part (3b) of the backrest (3) extending obliquely upwards. [3] Vehicle seat according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a belt retractor mechanism device (8) is arranged on the belt end side on a rear side of the upper part (3b) of the backrest (3) or within the upper part (3b). [4] Vehicle seat according to claim 1 or 2,, characterized by that a belt retractor mechanism device (8) is arranged on the belt end side on a rear side of the upper part (3b) of the backrest (3) or within the upper part (3b). [5] Vehicle seat according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bya holding device (21) by means of which the third belt holding point (7) is displaceably held with the upper part (3b) of the backrest (3) relative to the lower part (3a) of the backrest (3). [6] Vehicle seat according to claim 5, characterized by a guide device (25) by means of which the third belt holding point (7) with the upper part (3b) of the backrest (3) can be displaced relative to the lower part (3a) along a displacement path (19). [7] Vehicle seat according to claim 6, characterized by that the guide device (25) comprises two guide elements (25a, 25b) arranged one above the other and spaced from each other. [8] Vehicle seat according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized by that a sensor device (17) is arranged on the guide device (25), by means of which a displacement movement (18) of the third belt holding point (7) relative to the lower part (3a) can be detected. [9] Vehicle seat according to claim 8, characterized bythat the sensor device (17) comprises at least one position sensor and / or at least one motion sensor. [10] Vehicle seat according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a control device by means of which a maximum speed of the vehicle is not exceeded in the event of a lateral displacement of the third belt holding point (7).

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