Sensor device for determining a light parameter of light incident on the sensor device, method and device for determining a light parameter using a sensor device

Abstract

The invention relates to a sensor device (105) for determining a light parameter (1302) of light (430) incident on the sensor device (105), wherein the sensor device (105) has a pixel-based sensor element (300) with a plurality of sensor pixels (305; 415, 420, 425) for detecting light (430) incident on the sensor device (105) and a hologram element (310) arranged on the sensor element (300) with a plurality of direction-selective and / or wavelength-selective sub-holograms (315; 400, 405, 410), wherein each of the sub-holograms (315; 400, 405, 410) is assigned to one of the sensor pixels (305; 415, 420, 425).

Description

Prior ArtThe invention is based on a sensor device for determining a light parameter of light incident on the sensor device, and on a method and a device for determining a light parameter using a sensor device according to the preamble of the independent claims. The present invention also relates to a computer program.DE 10 2017 218 544 A1 describes an exposure apparatus for recording a hologram, a method for recording a hologram and a method for controlling an exposure apparatus for recording a hologram.Disclosure of the InventionAgainst this background, the approach presented here presents an improved sensor device for determining a light parameter of light incident on the sensor device, an improved method and an improved device for determining a light parameter using a sensor device, and finally a corresponding computer program according to the main claims. The measures listed in the dependent claims allow advantageous refinements and improvements of the device specified in the independent claim.The approach presented here makes it possible to implement a favorable, accurate and highly adaptive sensor for determining at least one light direction, which sensor can in turn be used for a multiplicity of application fields.A sensor device for determining a light parameter of light incident on the sensor device is presented, wherein the sensor device has a pixel-based sensor element with a plurality of sensor pixels for detecting light incident on the sensor device, and a hologram element arranged on the sensor element with a plurality of direction-selective and additionally or alternatively wavelength-selective sub-holograms, wherein each of the sub-holograms is assigned to one of the sensor pixels in each case.The sensor device can be used, for example, in the field of building automation, solar installations, such as solar markers or solar sails, photovoltaic installations, in conjunction with brightness regulation of smart displays, for example, and thus also generally in the field of lighting technology. In this case, the sensor device can be used in exposure measurements on a smartphone, for example, since an image quality can be significantly improved by post-processing (frequently AI algorithms). The directional information can serve as input parameters in order, for example, to emphasize or advantageously shading images. Furthermore, the sensor device can be used, for example, in the automobile industry, for example for safety sensors, orientation and navigation, dimming functions and / or for vehicle or building color adaptation. Furthermore, the sensor device can be used for wall or window tilting for temperature-regulated buildings or for aligning a satellite sail. For this purpose, the sensor device has the pixel-based sensor element and the hologram element, which together can be referred to, for example, as a pair, the components of which can cooperate in order to be able to determine the light parameter. Advantageously, the sensor device can have exactly as many sensor pixels as sub-holograms have. The number of pairs can advantageously influence a resolution during an evaluation. This means that advantageously the resolution can be the better the more sensor pixels the sensor device has. Advantageously, the sub-holograms can each have their own, demand-optimized optical function.According to one embodiment, the sub-holograms can be designed to deflect and additionally or alternatively conduct a light onto the respectively assigned sensor pixel and additionally or alternatively another sensor pixel. The hologram element can therefore be described overall as a deflector which is designed to deflect light. Advantageously, it can be determined for each sub-hologram whether and to which the sensor pixel is to be deflected under which premises.For example, at least two of the sub-holograms can be assigned different angles of incidence and additionally or alternatively wavelengths, in order to be able to reflect or transmit light from the respective angles of incidence and additionally or alternatively wavelengths. This means that the sub-holograms can be assigned to different sensor pixels, so that they only transmit or reflect light that contains the parameters assigned to them. For example, a first of the sub-holograms can be assigned to a specific angle of incidence, so that this light transmits if light from this angle of incidence impinges on the sub-hologram. A second of the sub-holograms can be designed in such a way that light is reflected at this angle of incidence, since a different angle of incidence can be assigned to the second sub-hologram.According to one embodiment, each of the sub-holograms can be assigned a defined angle of incidence in order to be able to reflect incident light which strikes the sub-hologram at just this angle of incidence on the sub-hologram and, additionally or alternatively, to be able to deflect it away from the sensor pixel. Additionally or alternatively, the sub-hologram can be configured to transmit light incident outside the angle of incidence through the sub-hologram. This means that each of the sub-holograms can advantageously comprise its own optical function. By using a plurality of sub-holograms, a large angle and additionally or alternatively a large wavelength range can be advantageously addressed. This means that, for example, such light that strikes the sub-hologram from a defined direction can be reflected, and that light that strikes the sub-hologram from a non-defined direction can be transmitted through the sub-hologram.Each of the sub-holograms can be assigned a defined wavelength in order to be able to reflect light which is incident on the sub-hologram and has this same wavelength and additionally or alternatively to be able to direct it away from the sensor pixel. Additionally or alternatively, the sub-hologram can be designed to transmit light incident on the sensor device through the sub-hologram with a wavelength differing from the wavelength assigned to the sub-hologram. This means that, for example, such light having a defined wavelength can be reflected onto the sub-hologram, and that light having an undefined wavelength can be transmitted through the sub-hologram. For example, the sensor pixel may detect a lower light intensity.Furthermore, a main extension direction of the sensor element may differ from a main extension direction of the hologram element. Advantageously, due to the different arrangement of the sensor element and the hologram element, an existing installation space can be optimally utilized. As a result, the sensor device can be used for different areas.The sensor device may comprise at least one absorption element for absorbing light. In particular, the absorption element can be formed as a tube or as a louver, wherein the absorption element can be arranged in an optical path between at least one sub-hologram and an associated sensor pixel. Advantageously, undesired light paths can be avoided by using the absorption element. Furthermore, the light paths can be accurately determined or predetermined.Furthermore, at least one sub-hologram can be formed and additionally or alternatively arranged in order to be able to deflect light onto a sensor pixel not assigned to the sub-hologram. Additionally or alternatively, two different sub-holograms can be formed and additionally or alternatively arranged in order to be able to deflect light onto a common sensor pixel. Advantageously, the sensor element and the hologram element can thereby have different dimensions. This can allow improved utilization of an existing installation space.According to one embodiment, a size of each of the sub-holograms can correspond to a size of an associated sensor pixel. The size of the sub-holograms can be within a tolerance range. Advantageously, the size of the sub-hologram can correspond to a simple or an integer multiple of the size of a sensor pixel. This means that the sub-holograms are advantageously matched in size to an underlying image sensor and can, inter alia, thereby enable a direction determination of one or more light sources.An intermediate layer can be arranged between the sensor element and the hologram element, in particular a transparent fixing means or a carrier substrate. The fixing means can be, for example, an adhesive. The carrier substrate can be arranged between the sensor element and the hologram element, for example, by lamination.Furthermore, the hologram element can be embodied as a matrix hologram, wherein the sensor pixels can be arranged in a matrix-like manner. Advantageously, the matrix-like arrangement facilitates production of the sensor device.Furthermore, a method for determining a light parameter using a sensor device is presented in a previously mentioned variant, wherein the method comprises a step of reading in an intensity signal, which represents at least one parameter of incident light detected by the pixel-based sensor element, as well as a step of evaluating the intensity signal in order to obtain an evaluation result, and a step of determining the light parameter, in particular a light incidence direction, a light distribution, a light composition and additionally or alternatively a light intensity using the evaluation result.The method can advantageously determine a light distribution, light composition and additionally or alternatively a light intensity. As a result, for example, a solar panel can be aligned with the optimum direction or the direction with the most suitable wavelength.This method can be implemented, for example, in software or hardware or in a mixed form of software and hardware, for example in a control device.The approach presented here furthermore creates a device which is designed to carry out, actuate or implement the steps of a variant of a method presented here in corresponding devices. This embodiment variant of the invention in the form of a device also enables the object on which the invention is based to be achieved quickly and efficiently.For this purpose, the device can have at least one arithmetic unit for processing signals or data, at least one memory unit for storing signals or data, at least one interface to a sensor or an actuator for reading in sensor signals from the sensor or for outputting data or control signals to the actuator, and / or at least one communication interface for reading in or outputting data which are embedded in a communication protocol. The computing unit can be, for example, a signal processor, a microcontroller or the like, wherein the memory unit can be a flash memory or a magnetic memory unit. The communication interface can be designed to read in or output data wirelessly and / or in a wired manner, wherein a communication interface that can read in or output wired data can read in this data, for example electrically or optically, from a corresponding data transmission line or output it into a corresponding data transmission line.In the present case, a device can be understood to mean an electrical device which processes sensor signals and outputs control and / or data signals as a function thereof. The device can have an interface which can be designed as hardware and / or software. In the case of a hardware configuration, the interfaces can be part of a so-called system ASIC, for example, which contains a wide variety of functions of the device. However, it is also possible for the interfaces to be dedicated, integrated circuits or to consist at least partially of discrete components. In the case of a software configuration, the interfaces can be software modules which are present, for example, on a microcontroller in addition to other software modules.A computer program product or computer program with program code which can be stored on a machine-readable carrier or storage medium such as a semiconductor memory, a hard disk memory or an optical memory and is used for carrying out, implementing and / or controlling the steps of the method according to one of the embodiments described above is also advantageous, in particular if the program product or program is executed on a computer or a device.Exemplary embodiments of the approach presented here are illustrated in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description. It shows: FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of an application example for a sensor device according to an exemplary embodiment; FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of an application example for a sensor device according to an exemplary embodiment; FIG. 3 shows an exploded illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device; FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device; FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device; FIG. 6 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device; FIG. 7 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device; FIG. 8 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device; FIG. 9 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device; FIG. 10 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device; FIG. 11 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device; FIG. 12 shows a flow diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a method for determining a light parameter using a sensor device; and FIG. 13 shows a block diagram of an apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment.In the following description of advantageous exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals are used for the elements shown in the different figures and acting in a similar manner, wherein a repeated description of these elements is omitted.FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of an application example 100 for a sensor device 105 according to an exemplary embodiment. This means that the sensor device 105 according to this exemplary embodiment is used for a solar installation and can be tilted about a tilting axis 110 in the direction of the arrow. The tilting axis 110 corresponds according to this exemplary embodiment to a main extension axis of the sensor device 105. According to this exemplary embodiment, the tilting takes place, for example, in accordance with a position of the sun. The sensor device 105, which comprises a sensor element and a hologram element, for example a matrix hologram, is described in more detail in at least one of the following figures. In an exemplary embodiment, sensor element 105 may also be used on solar panel 107 itself, as is indicated in FIG. 1 by sensor element 105 a; alternatively or additionally, sensor element 105 may also be situated in a spatially stable manner next to solar panel 107, as is represented by sensor element 105 b. These possibilities of arranging the sensor element 105 can be applied in the exemplary embodiments described below, without this being described in detail again.The optical function of a hologram is generally obtained by diffraction of incident optical wavefronts at a diffraction grating in the volume of the holographic film. The diffraction grating was previously exposed in a recording process into the volume of the holographic film. The parameters of the recording process, such as, for example, a wavefront shape, spectral properties, intensity distribution and duration, determine the properties of the diffraction grating produced.One particular feature of matrix holograms is that they can be made wavelength- and angle-selective. This means that the optical function which is exposed in is preferably implemented by light which comes from a defined direction. However, the optical function is also only implemented if the light has a specific wavelength. If these properties do not apply to the incident light, the light passes through the hologram unchanged. In other words, it behaves transparently in this case and is to be compared, for example, with a simple glass pane. Image sensors, for example silicon-based CCD sensors, are available today in a variety of designs in the consumer market. They can be used to record two-dimensional images of light. In this case, pixel sizes of a few micrometers are now part of the favorably available standard.According to this exemplary embodiment, a holographic sensor principle for determining the direction of light incidence is thus described in summary. The light incidence direction detection for light sources is effected, for example, by means of a sensor arrangement which has respective pairs of a respective direction-selective holographic element and a respective light detector, wherein each pair is assigned to a different light incidence direction.FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of an application example 200 for a sensor device 105 according to an exemplary embodiment and is similar to the application example described in FIG. 1, for example. Here too, the sensor device 105 is used for a solar installation. Additionally or alternatively, the sensor device 105 according to this exemplary embodiment is rotatable about an axis of rotation 205 which is arranged transversely to the tilting axis 110, so that here too the solar installation can be aligned corresponding to a position of the sun. The sensor device 105 is described in more detail in at least one of the following figures.FIG. 3 shows an exploded illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device 105 as was mentioned at least in one of FIGS. 1 to 2. The sensor device 105 is configured to determine a light parameter of light incident on the sensor device. It has a pixel-based sensor element 300 having a plurality of sensor pixels 305 for detecting incident light, and a hologram element 310 (matrix hologram) arranged on the sensor element 300 and having a plurality of direction-selective and / or wavelength-selective sub-holograms 315, each of the sub-holograms 315 being assigned to one of the sensor pixels 305 in each case. The sub-holograms 315 are designed to direct or conduct light onto the respectively assigned sensor pixel 305. Alternatively, sub-holograms 315 are formed to direct the light to another of the sensor pixels. The sub-holograms 315 and the sensor pixels 305 are arranged in the form of a matrix or grid in accordance with this exemplary embodiment. This means that the hologram element 310 is embodied, for example, as a matrix hologram. According to this exemplary embodiment, a number of sub-holograms 315 is equal to a number of sensor pixels 305, so that each sensor pixel 305 is assigned a sub-hologram 315. The larger a number of the sensor pixels 305, the better a resolution. Furthermore, optionally, according to this exemplary embodiment, a size of each of the sub-holograms 315 corresponds in each case to a size of an associated sensor pixel 305 within a tolerance range. For example, the size of a sub-hologram 315 corresponds to a single or an integer multiple of the size of a sensor pixel 315.In other words, each sub-hologram 315 may have an individual holographic function that is adapted to the respective application.The sub-holograms 315 can be designed, for example, as deflectors. If light comes from a predefined direction, it is reflected. If it comes from a different angular range, the optical function is not given and the light passes undisturbed through the hologram. Each sub-histogram 315 may be configured for a defined angular configuration. A large angle or wavelength range can thereby be addressed by several or many sub-holograms 315. The hologram element 310 is attached with or without a distance to the sensor element 300, also referred to as an image sensor, for example by lamination with transparent optical adhesive or with a carrier substrate.FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device 105, as has been described or at least mentioned, for example, in at least one of FIGS. 1 to 3. The sensor device 105 also has here the sensor element 300 and the hologram element 310, which are arranged one above the other. According to this exemplary embodiment, sensor element 300 has at least two sub-holograms 315, 400 and only optionally also two further sub-holograms 405, 410. Sensor element 300 also has two further sensor pixels 420, 425 in addition to the at least two sensor pixels 305, 415. According to this exemplary embodiment, the sensor pixel 305 is assigned to the sub-hologram 315 and the sensor pixel 415 is assigned to the sub-hologram 400. According to this exemplary embodiment, the sensor pixel 420 is assigned to the sub-hologram 405 and the sensor pixel 425 is assigned to the sub-hologram 410.According to this exemplary embodiment, the at least two sub-holograms 315, 400, 405, 410 are assigned different angles of incidence and / or wavelengths in order to reflect or transmit light 430 from the respective angles of incidence and / or wavelengths. In FIG. 4, the light 430 is symbolically represented by arrows that strike the hologram element 310. According to this exemplary embodiment, the light 430 is transmitted through the sub-holograms 400, 405, 410 and impinges on the corresponding sensor pixels 415, 420, 425 in these positions. According to this exemplary embodiment, the sub-hologram 315 is assigned the same angle of incidence at which the light 430 impinges on the hologram element 310, such that the light 430 is reflected at the sub-hologram 315 and therefore does not impinge on the sensor pixel 305 assigned to the sub-hologram 315. This means that each of the sub-holograms 315, 400, 405, 410 is assigned a defined angle of incidence in order to reflect incident light 430 which strikes the sub-hologram 315, 400, 405, 410 at this same angle of incidence at the sub-hologram 315, 400, 405, 410 and / or to direct it away from the sensor pixel 305, 415, 420, 425, and / or wherein light 430 which is incident outside the angle of incidence is configured to transmit it through the sub-hologram 315, 400, 405, 410.Additionally or alternatively, the at least two sub-holograms 315, 400, 405, 410 are formed and / or arranged to deflect the light 430 onto a common sensor pixel 305, 415, 420, 425. Furthermore, optionally, an intermediate layer is arranged or arrangeable between the sensor element 300 and the hologram element 310. This intermediate layer is realized, for example, as a transparent fixing agent, for example an adhesive, or as a carrier substrate, which can be attached by lamination.The sensor pixels 305, 415, 420, 425 and the sub-holograms 315, 400, 405, 410 are arranged next to one another in a line according to this exemplary embodiment. This means that on one of the sub-holograms 315, 400, 405, 410, for example on the sub-hologram 315, two other sub-holograms 315, 400, 405, 410 are adjacent to opposite sides of the sub-hologram 315, for example the sub-holograms 400, 405.In other words and in summary, the light 430 is reflected by the hologram 315 provided for this purpose if it comes from a defined direction. The underlying pixel 305 detects less intensity.FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device 105, which is similar to the sensor unit 105 described in FIG. 4, for example. According to this embodiment, the light 430 is only reflected at a different one of the sub-holograms 315, 400, 405, 410 than in FIG. 4, wherein the sensor device is similar, but the light direction 430 is different compared to FIG. 4. More specifically, the light 430 is reflected at the sub-hologram 405 so that the light does not strike the sensor pixel 420. The sensor pixels 305, 415, 420, 425 and the sub-holograms 315, 400, 405, 410 are arranged next to one another in a line, as in FIG. 4. This means that on one of the sub-holograms 315, 400, 405, 410, for example on the sub-hologram 315, two other sub-holograms 315, 400, 405, 410 are adjacent to opposite sides of the sub-hologram 315, for example the sub-holograms 400, 405.FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device 105, as has been described or at least mentioned, for example, in at least one of FIGS. 1 to 5. According to this exemplary embodiment, sensor device 105 has hologram element 310 having four sub-holograms 315, 400, 405, 410 which differ in their arrangement from the sub-holograms in FIGS. 4 to 5. According to this exemplary embodiment, two other sub-holograms 315, 400, 405, 410 are each adjacent to one of the sub-holograms 315, 400, 405, 410 on two adjacent sides in this way. This means that, for example, two other sub-holograms 315, 400, 405, 410 are adjacent to the sub-hologram 315, for example, the sub-holograms 400, 405, respectively, on adjacent sides of the sub-hologram 315. The sensor element with its sensor pixels is not visible on account of the representation perspective shown here, since the sensor device 105 is shown from the top view in FIG. 6.According to this exemplary embodiment, the shown coloring of the individual sub-holograms 315, 400, 405, 410 represents a proportion of the transmitted light for a light incidence and thus a light intensity of the incident light detected by the sensor element. For example, the sensor principle is scalable depending on the resolution requirement and the cost requirement. This means that a number of sub-holograms or a number of sensor pixels can be chosen differently depending on the requirement and field of use and therefore differs from FIG. 5 according to this exemplary embodiment. A small sensor with a few pixels is therefore sufficient, for example, to determine the coarse light direction. With an increased number of pixels of the sensor pixels, the achievable resolution also increases, so that, for example, in addition to a two-dimensional direction determination α n and φ n detection fields are also reserved which are optimized for different wavelengths λ n and can thus indicate these. This furthermore means that, for example, each of the sub-holograms 315, 400, 405, 410 is assigned a defined wavelength in order to reflect light which is incident on the sub-hologram 315, 400, 405, 410 and has this same wavelength and / or to deflect it away from the sensor pixel. Additionally or alternatively, the at least one sub-hologram 315, 400, 405, 410 is configured to transmit the incident light having a wavelength differing therefrom through the sub-hologram 315, 400, 405, 410 such that the sensor element detects a lower intensity.In summary, holograms are additionally distinguished by wavelength selectivity in addition to angle selectivity. The optical function is reproduced, for example, by a suitable wavelength. This makes it possible to characterize the light distribution with respect to its wavelength spectrum.The sensor element and the hologram element can accordingly be designed in such a way that a maximum instead of minimum intensity for a planned light direction is obtained on a sensor pixel. By a combination of wavelength- and angle-selective hologram detector surfaces, for example, a solar panel can be aligned with the direction from which light 430 with the most suitable wavelength radiates.FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device 105, which is similar to the sensor device 105 described in FIG. 6, for example. According to this exemplary embodiment, the hologram element 310 has further sub-holograms compared to FIG. 6, which are similar or correspond in terms of their function to the sub-holograms 315, 400 already described and are arranged in the manner of a matrix. Each of the sub-holograms 315, 400 is assigned its own function.FIG. 8 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a sensor device 105, which is similar to the sensor device 105 described in FIG. 7, for example. The number of sub-holograms 315, 400 is increased in accordance with this exemplary embodiment compared with FIGS. 6 to 7, so that better resolution can be effected.FIG. 9 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a sensor device 105, which is similar to the sensor device described or mentioned in at least one of FIGS. 1 to 8, for example. According to this exemplary embodiment, on the other hand, each of the sub-holograms 315, 400, 405, 410 of the hologram element 310 is assigned a defined wavelength λ n in order to reflect light which is incident on the sub-hologram 315, 400, 405, 410 and has this same wavelength and / or to deflect it away from the sensor pixel 305, 415, 420, 425. Additionally or alternatively, the sub-hologram 315, 400, 405, 410 is configured to transmit incident light 430 having a wavelength differing therefrom through the sub-hologram 315, 400, 405, 410.If light 430 having a defined wavelength occurs, it is reflected, for example, by the sub-hologram 315, 405, 410 provided for this purpose. The underlying sensor pixel 305, 420, 425 detects less intensity, for example. According to this exemplary embodiment, the light 430 having the wavelength λ 1 additionally impinges on the sub-hologram 400, which directs the light 430 to the sensor pixel 415.FIG. 10 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device 105, which is similar to the sensor device described in at least one of FIGS. 1 to 9, for example. According to this exemplary embodiment, a main extension direction 1000 of sensor element 300 differs from a main extension direction 1005 of hologram element 310, so that, for example, an existing installation space is utilized. According to this exemplary embodiment, sensor element 300 is arranged vertically and hologram element 310 is arranged horizontally with respect to one another. As also described in FIGS. 1 to 9, the hologram element 310 has a plurality of sub-holograms 315, 400, 405, in particular three pieces, each of which is assigned a sensor pixel 305, 415, 420 of the sensor element 300. Furthermore, here too, the individual sub-holograms 315, 400, 405 are assigned angles of incidence of the light 430, on the basis of which the light 430 is transmitted or reflected by the hologram element 310.In other words, the sensor element 300 and the hologram element 310 are designed such that a maximum instead of a minimum intensity for a planned light direction results on one of the sensor pixels 305, 415, 420.FIG. 11 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device 105, which is similar to the sensor device described in at least one of FIGS. 1 to 9, for example. According to this exemplary embodiment, the sensor device 105 additionally has at least one absorption element 1100 for absorbing light 430. The absorption element 1100 is in particular shaped as a tube or as a blind and is arranged in an optical path between at least one sub-hologram 315 and an associated sensor pixel 305. In particular, the sensor device 105 can have a plurality of absorption elements 1100 of identical shape, wherein only optionally a gap 1105 is formed between the individual absorption elements 1100, in order to suppress undesired light paths, for example.In other words, according to this embodiment, a variant is shown in which absorbing elements are used to suppress undesired light paths.In particular, this embodiment of the sensor device relies on the sub-holograms to be able to be embodied as reflection or transmission holograms. In this embodiment, the hologram element 315 is designed such that a maximum instead of a minimum intensity for a planned light direction results on one of the sensor pixels 305, 415, 420.FIG. 12 shows a flow diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a method 1200 for determining a light parameter using a sensor device, as has been described or at least mentioned, for example, in at least one of FIGS. 1 to 11. For this purpose, the method 1200 comprises a step 1205 of reading in an intensity signal, which represents at least one parameter of light detected by the pixel-based sensor element and incident on the sensor device, as well as a step 1210 of evaluating the intensity signal in order to obtain an evaluation result, and a step 1215 of determining the light parameter, in particular a light incidence direction and / or a light distribution and / or a light composition and / or a light intensity using the evaluation result.If, for example, the recording configuration of the subhologist is struck by an existing light source (light direction, suitable wavelength), the light is reflected. As a result, no light, or at least significantly less light, is incident on the underlying pixel. If the light source is located elsewhere, light from a different angle will strike the sensor. The capture configuration is now rendered from another sub-histogram and indexed by another pixel that receives less intensity. In method 1200, step 1210 of evaluating enables, for example, an evaluation of the intensity signals of the individual pixels in order to determine the light direction, light distribution, light composition and / or the light intensity. For this purpose, the sensor can be implemented very simply or with high resolution, as required and as a cost requirement.FIG. 13 shows a block diagram of a device 1300 according to an embodiment. The device 1300 is configured to actuate and / or carry out a method for determining a light parameter 1302 using a sensor device 105, as has been described, for example, in FIG. 12. The device 1300 is electrically coupled to a sensor device, for example, as was described in at least one of FIGS. 1 to 11. According to this exemplary embodiment, the device 1300 has a read-in unit 1305 for reading in an intensity signal 1310, which represents at least one parameter of incident light detected by the pixel-based sensor element, an evaluation unit 1315 for evaluating the intensity signal 1310 in order to obtain an evaluation result 1320, and a determination unit 1325 for determining the light parameter 1302, in particular a light incidence direction and / or a light distribution and / or a light composition and / or a light intensity using the evaluation result 1320.If an exemplary embodiment comprises an "and / or" combination between a first feature and a second feature, this is to be read in such a way that the exemplary embodiment has both the first feature and the second feature according to one embodiment and either only the first feature or only the second feature according to a further embodiment.References included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedDE 10 2017 218 544 A1

[0002]

Claims

Sensor device (105) for determining a light parameter (1302) of light (430) incident on the sensor device, wherein the sensor device (105) has the following features: - a pixel-based sensor element (300) having a plurality of sensor pixels (305; 415, 420, 425) for detecting light (430) incident on the sensor device (105); and - a hologram element (310), arranged on the sensor element (300), having a plurality of direction-selective and / or wavelength-selective sub-holograms (315; 400, 405, 410), wherein each of the sub-holograms (315; 400, 405, 410) is assigned to one of the sensor pixels (305; 415, 420, 425) in each case.Sensor device (105) according to Claim 1, wherein the sub-holograms (315; 400, 405, 410) are designed to deflect and / or guide a light (430) onto the respectively assigned sensor pixel (305; 415, 420, 425) and / or another sensor pixel (305; 415, 420, 425).Sensor device (105) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least two of the sub-holograms (315; 400, 405, 410) are assigned different angles of incidence and / or wavelengths in order to reflect or transmit light (430) from the respective angles of incidence and / or wavelengths.Sensor device (105) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each of the sub-holograms (315; 400, 405, 410) has a defined angle of incidence associated therewith in order to reflect incident light (430) which strikes the sub-hologram (315; 400, 405, 410) at this same angle of incidence at the sub-hologram (315; 400, 405, 410) and / or to deflect it away from the sensor pixel (305; 415, 420, 425), and / or the sub-hologram (315; 400, 405, 410) is designed in such a way as to transmit light (430) which is incident outside the angle of incidence through the sub-hologram (315; 400, 405, 410).Sensor device (105) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each of the sub-holograms (315; 400, 405, 410) has a defined wavelength assigned to it in order to reflect light (430) which has the same wavelength and / or to deflect it away from the sensor pixel (305; 415, 420, 425) and / or the sub-hologram (315; 400, 405, 410) is designed in such a way that light (430) which is incident on the sensor device (105) and has a wavelength which differs from the wavelength assigned to the sub-hologram (315; 400, 405, 410) is transmitted through the sub-hologram (315; 400, 405, 410).Sensor device (105) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a main extension direction (1000) of the sensor element (300) differs from a main extension direction (1005) of the hologram element (310).Sensor device (105) according to one of the preceding claims, having at least one absorption element (1100) for absorbing light (430), in particular wherein the absorption element (1100) is shaped as a tube or as a blind, wherein the absorption element (1100) is arranged in an optical path between at least one sub-hologram (315; 400, 405, 410) and an associated sensor pixel (305; 415, 420, 425).Sensor device (105) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one sub-hologram (315; 400, 405, 410) is formed and / or arranged to deflect light (430) onto a sensor pixel (305; 415, 420, 425) not assigned to the sub-hologram (315; 400, 405, 410), and / or wherein two different sub-holograms (315; 400, 405, 410) are formed and / or arranged to deflect light (430) onto a common sensor pixel (305; 415, 420, 425).Sensor device (105) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a size of each of the sub-holograms (315; 400, 405, 410) corresponds in each case to a size of an associated sensor pixel (305; 415, 420, 425).Sensor device (105) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein an intermediate layer, in particular a transparent fixing means or a carrier substrate, is arranged between the sensor element (300) and the hologram element (310).Sensor device (105) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the hologram element (310) is designed as a matrix hologram, wherein the sensor pixels (305; 415, 420, 425) are arranged in a matrix-like manner.Method (1200) for determining a light parameter (1302) using a sensor device (105) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the method (1200) comprises the following steps: - reading in (1205) an intensity signal (1310) which represents at least one parameter of light (430) which is detected by the pixel-based sensor element (300) and is incident on the sensor device (105); - evaluating (1210) the intensity signal (1310) in order to obtain an evaluation result (1320); and - determining (1215) the light parameter (1302), in particular a light incidence direction and / or a light distribution and / or a light composition and / or a light intensity using the evaluation result (1320).Device (1300) configured to execute and / or control the steps (1205, 1210, 1215) of the method (1200) according to claim 12 in corresponding units (1305, 1315, 1325).Computer program which is configured to execute and / or control the steps (1205, 1210, 1215) of the method (1200) according to one of the preceding claims.A machine readable storage medium having stored thereon the computer program of claim 14.

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