Projectile-forming charge

Abstract

For this purpose, the projectile-forming charge (5) has the following features: a) the projectile-forming charge (5) comprises an explosive body (2) followed by an insert (3) in the direction of action, b) the projectile-forming charge (5) further comprises a casing (1) for enclosing the explosive body (2), c) the casing (1) for insulation comprises a metal sleeve (1B), d) the metal sleeve (1B) encompasses the explosive body (2) and the insert (3) over their entire length in the direction of action (L B ), e) the casing (1) for insulation further comprises a fibre-reinforced plastic sleeve, hereinafter referred to as FVK sleeve (1A), f) the FVK sleeve (1A) has a length (L A ) in the effective direction, which is 10 to 50 % of the length in the effective direction (L B ) of the explosive body (2) and the insert (3), g) the FVK sleeve (1A) surrounds the metal sleeve (1B) in the direction of action in the front area of ​​the metal sleeve (1B) to reinforce the insulation.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a projectile-forming charge with a casing for insulation, an insert and an explosive.

[0002] The direction of action refers to the direction of flight of the projectile being formed.

[0003] DE 10 2019 008 390 A1 and US 6 186 070 B1 each show a projectile-forming charge with the features a) to d) of claim 1.

[0004] DE 10 2019 008 390 A1 shows a rotationally symmetrical, ballistic warhead with a casing. The casing is filled with an explosive. The casing comprises a forward ogive in the direction of fire, which serves to penetrate a target. The ogive is followed by a sleeve. In one embodiment, the sleeve is divided into three parts and comprises an inner sleeve, a center sleeve made of fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP), and an outer sleeve. The inner sleeve prevents diffusion between the explosive and the FRP center sleeve. The inner sleeve is made of a light metal alloy. The inner sleeve serves as a carrier for the FRP center sleeve. The thickness of the FRP center sleeve is several times the thickness of the inner sleeve. The outer sleeve is made of steel and protects the FRP center sleeve, for example, during firing.

[0005] US 2009 / 0 050 321 A1 shows a shaped charge used in oil and gas production facilities. The shaped charge has a jet-forming charge with an explosive body, followed by an insert in the direction of action. The jet-forming charge includes a casing for enclosing the explosive body. The casing for enclosing the explosive body can be made of various materials, including metal. The casing encloses the explosive body and the insert over their entire length in the direction of action.

[0006] US 2018 / 0 259 306 A1 shows another shaped charge with a jet-forming charge comprising an explosive body, followed by an insert in the direction of action. The jet-forming charge comprises a casing for enclosing the explosive body. The casing for enclosing the explosive body and the insert over their entire length in the direction of action.

[0007] EP 0 773 423 A1 shows a projectile-forming charge with the features a) to d) of claim 1.

[0008] US 2024 10 068 767 A1 shows a special form of a shaped charge in the form of a liquid projectile.

[0009] WO 2000 / 02 002 A1 shows a hollow charge for dismantling explosive ordnance.

[0010] The invention is based on the object of creating a projectile-forming charge with high weight-related effectiveness.

[0011] This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1.

[0012] The advantages of the invention are that the weight-related effectiveness of a projectile-forming charge is increased by the casing of the projectile-forming charge being designed as a lightweight component. The casing of a projectile-forming charge directly influences the ballistic performance of the resulting projectile. The casing's function is to ensure that the explosive material, after detonation, exerts the longest possible impulse on the insert by appropriately damming it.

[0013] The lightweight construction is achieved by the fact that the casing, in addition to the metal sleeve that encloses the explosive body and the insert along their entire length in the direction of action, also features a fiber-reinforced plastic sleeve, referred to as the FRP sleeve. If the FRP sleeve is made of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic, the FRP sleeve has five times the stiffness and tensile strength of a steel sleeve of the same weight. The FRP sleeve can therefore be made significantly lighter.

[0014] Studies show that a high degree of tamping of the explosive near the insert leads to high ballistic performance of the projectile-forming charge.

[0015] This effect is taken into account by the fact that the FRP casing has a length in the direction of action that is only 10 to 50% of the length of the explosive body and the insert in the direction of action. Furthermore, the FRP casing surrounds the metal casing in the front area of ​​the metal casing in the direction of action to reinforce the insulation.

[0016] The combination of metal sleeve and FRP sleeve prevents the diffusion of explosive components into the matrix material of the FRP sleeve.

[0017] The strength of the metal casing itself ensures good mechanical stability of the projectile-forming charge. The orientation of the fibers in the FRP casing determines the direction of loading. For good insulation, a radial or oblique radial orientation should be selected.

[0018] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the FRP sleeve has a wall thickness that increases or remains constant in the direction of action. Material and thus weight of the FRP sleeve are saved because the wall thickness correlates with the locally required insulation.

[0019] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the maximum wall thickness of the FRP sleeve is at least twice the maximum wall thickness of the metal sleeve. This ensures low weight, since the insulation is largely achieved by the lightweight FRP sleeve and less by the metal sleeve. Relative to the weight of the projectile-forming charge, a high ballistic performance of the resulting projectile is achieved.

[0020] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the FRP sleeve has a rear end in the direction of action that has a bevel or rounded portion to reduce the notch effect. This promotes good insulation and thus high strength.

[0021] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the metal sleeve has a wall thickness that is constant in the effective direction or varies by a maximum of 20% relative to an average wall thickness. This allows for cost-effective manufacturing processes, such as forming, for example, deep drawing.

[0022] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the explosive body has an outer diameter that widens in the direction of action or remains constant. Advantageously, the explosion pressure is channeled toward the insert from a point-like initiation.

[0023] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the metal sleeve is a steel sleeve. Steels can exhibit high weight-related strength and adjustable anisotropy at low material costs.

[0024] Embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. • Fig. 1 a first embodiment of a projectile-forming charge, in section; • Fig. 2 a second embodiment of a projectile-forming charge, in section.

[0025] The Fig. 1 and the Fig. 2 each show a projectile-forming charge 5 with a different shape of individual elements. After ignition of the explosive body 2 of the projectile-forming charge 5, a casing 1 absorbs the explosion pressure, which acts as an impulse on the insert 3 to form a projectile. The casing 1 of the projectile-forming charge is designed as a lightweight component. The casing 1 for the absorption initially comprises a metal sleeve 1B. The metal sleeve 1B encompasses the explosive body 2 and the insert 3 over their entire length L in the direction of action. BThe insulation sleeve 1 further comprises a fiber-reinforced plastic sleeve, hereinafter referred to as the FRP sleeve 1A. Fiber-reinforced plastics exhibit very high strength-to-weight ratios. The FRP sleeve is made of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic. The fibers run in a radial direction and in intersecting oblique radial directions (30°, 0°, -30°). The metal sleeve 1A also serves as a carrier sleeve or winding sleeve during the production of the FRP sleeve 1A.

[0026] The FVK sleeve 1A in Fig. 1 has a length L A in the effective direction in the amount of 20% of the length L running in the effective direction B of the explosive body 2 and the insert 2.

[0027] The FVK sleeve 1A in Fig. 2 has a length L A in the effective direction amounting to 40% of the length L running in the effective direction B of the explosive body 2 and the insert 2.

[0028] The fiberglass sleeve 1A surrounds the metal sleeve 1B in the front area of ​​the metal sleeve 1B in the direction of impact to reinforce the insulation. The additional insulation near the insert 3 ensures excellent projectile formation, high projectile acceleration, and high penetration power.

[0029] The FVK sleeve 1A has a wall thickness W A(I) which increases in the direction of action or remains constant. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show that the FRP sleeve initially increases in a ramp-like manner and then remains constant.

[0030] The metal sleeve 1B has a wall thickness W B which is constant in the effective direction. The maximum wall thickness of the FRP sleeve 1A is two and a half times the exemplary constant wall thickness of the metal sleeve 1B in the first embodiment and three times the exemplary constant wall thickness of the metal sleeve 1B in the second embodiment. Therefore, the insulation is largely provided by the FRP sleeve 1A.

[0031] The FVK sleeve 1A has a rear end in the direction of action, which, as Fig. 1 shows a bevel or, as Fig. 2 shows, has a rounding to reduce a notch effect.

[0032] The explosive body 2 has an outer diameter D (I) which widens in the direction of action or remains constant. Fig. 1 shows in the effective direction initially a section with a constant outer diameter D (I) , followed by a section with a widening, followed by a constant section. Fig. In this regard, Figure 2 shows an initial, widening section in the direction of action and a subsequent, constant section.

[0033] The metal sleeve 1B is a steel sleeve made of high-strength steel.

[0034] In deviation from the illustrated embodiments, the following modifications are possible: - The FRP sleeve 1A could also contain aramid fibers. - The orientation of the fibers could be chosen differently. - In addition to the fixed values ​​of the embodiments, the FRP sleeve 1A can have a longitudinal extension L A in the direction of action, which are 10 to 50% of the longitudinal extension L in the direction of action B of the explosive body 2 and the insert 2. - In the examples, the maximum wall thickness of the FRP sleeve 1A is in the range of twice to four times the maximum wall thickness of a metal sleeve. The upper limit is eight times. - It is not necessary that, as in the embodiments, the metal sleeve 1B has a constant wall thickness W B For example, their average wall thickness can vary by a maximum of 20% due to manufacturing. The wall thickness can also increase by more than double from an initial value toward insert 3. - The metal sleeve 1B can also be made of a light metal alloy. List of reference symbols 1 cover 1A FVK sleeve 1B metal sleeve 2 explosive devices 3 insert 5 projectile-forming charge D (I) varying outer diameter of the explosive body W A(I) varying wall thickness of the FRP sleeve W B (constant) wall thickness of the metal sleeve L A Length of the FRP sleeve L B Length of the explosive body and the insert in the direction of action

Claims

[1] Projectile-forming charge (5), with the following features: a) the projectile-forming charge (5) comprises an explosive body (2) followed by an insert (3) in the direction of action, b) the projectile-forming charge (5) further comprises a casing (1) for enclosing the explosive body (2), c) the casing (1) for insulation comprises a metal sleeve (1B), d) the metal sleeve (1B) encompasses the explosive body (2) and the insert (3) over their entire length in the direction of action (L B ), e) the casing (1) for insulation further comprises a fibre-reinforced plastic sleeve, hereinafter referred to as FVK sleeve (1A), f) the FVK sleeve (1A) has a length (L A ) in the effective direction, which is 10 to 50 % of the length in the effective direction (L B ) of the explosive body (2) and the insert (3), g) the FVK sleeve (1A) surrounds the metal sleeve (1B) in the direction of action in the front area of ​​the metal sleeve (1B) to reinforce the insulation. [2] Projectile-forming charge (5) according to claim 1, wherein the FRP sleeve (1A) has a wall thickness (W A(I) ) which increases in the direction of action or remains constant. [3] Projectile-forming charge (5) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a maximum wall thickness of the FRP sleeve (1A) is at least twice a maximum wall thickness of the metal sleeve (1A). [4] Projectile-forming charge (5) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the FRP sleeve (1A) has a rear end in the direction of action which has a bevel or a rounding to reduce a notch effect. [5] Projectile-forming charge (5) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the metal sleeve (1B) has a wall thickness (W B) which is constant in the direction of action or varies by a maximum of 20% in relation to an average wall thickness. [6] Projectile-forming charge (5) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the explosive body (2) has an outer diameter (D (I) ) which widens in the direction of action or remains constant. [7] Projectile-forming charge (5) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the metal casing (1B) is a steel casing.

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