Layer log splitter

Abstract

The invention relates to a layer log splitter (A) with a base frame (11) on which a positioning unit (26) with a first and a second end is arranged, and a pressure plate (18) is arranged at a first end (E), wherein the layer log splitter (A) comprises at least one splitting wedge (33), wherein a piece of wood (14) to be split can be stored lying in the longitudinal direction on the positioning unit (26) and is movable by the pressure plate (18) in the splitting direction from a starting position at the first end (E) to a second end (Z) against the at least one splitting wedge (33, 35) and is guided freely in the longitudinal direction, or the at least one splitting wedge (33, 35) is movable on the cylinder (10) against the piece of wood (14) and is guided freely in the longitudinal direction, wherein a layer of the piece of wood (14) can be split off substantially along its longitudinal direction, and a bearing (L) is attached at the first end.The positioning unit (26) pivots and / or rotates on the base frame (11), thereby changing the distance to the splitting wedge (33). Furthermore, a return / holding plate (18) is provided to either return the piece of wood (14) to its starting position against the splitting direction (C) or to clamp and hold the piece of wood in the splitting direction (C).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a log splitter that can split logs layer by layer from a log or piece of wood, as well as its use and a method for splitting logs.

[0002] Log splitters are well-known in forestry and agriculture and, depending on availability, are powered either by an internal combustion engine, such as that of a tractor, or by an electric motor.

[0003] Simple log splitters with an upright grip for small log sections are known, for example, from AT 12 006 U1 or DE 20 2019 102 484 U1. These typically split a log section placed on a support table using a single-bladed splitting wedge that lowers from above. The log is positioned manually. The support table and splitting wedge are fixed in a fixed position relative to each other.

[0004] A log splitter known from SI201300137A is designed to split logs or pieces of wood alternately from two logs in a radial direction. This design involves forcing the log with considerable force through a stationary splitting wedge. This results in a high force requirement for splitting, as the log is forced through a fixed, immobile wedge. The grain of the wood is not taken into account during splitting. In logs, the grain is not always parallel to the outer contour. The grain changes, for example, at branch points and typically at the base of the tree.

[0005] Due to the immobile splitting blade, long logs can only be split with a disproportionately high force requirement, which also results in a lot of unwanted splintering / small wood.

[0006] From DE202006003335U1, splitting crosses are known that split logs using star-shaped knife arrangements. The center point of the splitting cross is positioned as close as possible to the middle of the log before the splitting process. A disadvantage is that, depending on the log diameter, the relative height of the splitting cross to the log must be adjusted, as well as the number of splitting knives in the splitting cross, to achieve a similar log size.

[0007] The video titled "GROWI Log Splitter with Automatic Return," available via the link: https: / / youtu.be / tJ39hvnY1Js, uploaded by GROWI Maschinenbau to www.youtube.de on July 4, 2019, describes a log splitter in which the splitting wedge is hydraulically adjustable radially to the log. A disadvantage is that the guide for adjusting the splitting wedge unit is subjected to the full splitting force. Therefore, both the movable splitting wedge and its guide must be designed to be correspondingly robust.

[0008] From EP 2 279 838 B1, a log splitter is known in which the piece of wood is pressed against a splitting wedge while lying down. The splitting wedge is fixed in its position relative to the piece of wood.

[0009] The invention is based on the objective of providing an improved log splitter that can split a large diameter range of logs, particularly with a simple design and relatively low splitting force.

[0010] The problem is solved according to the invention with a stacked log splitter having the features of claim 1, wherein the stacked log splitter has a base frame on which a positioning unit with a first and a second end is arranged, and a pressure plate is arranged at a first end, wherein the stacked log splitter comprises at least one splitting wedge, wherein a piece of wood to be split can be stored lying on the positioning unit in the longitudinal direction of the grain and is movable by the pressure plate in the splitting direction from a starting position at the first end to a second end against the at least one splitting wedge and is guided freely in the longitudinal direction of the grain, or the at least one splitting wedge is movable on the cylinder against the piece of wood and is guided freely in the longitudinal direction of the grain, wherein a layer of the piece of wood can be split off substantially along its longitudinal direction, and a bearing is attached at the first end.The positioning unit pivots and / or rotates on the base frame, allowing the distance to the splitting wedge to be changed, and a return / holding plate is provided to either return the piece of wood to its starting position after the splitting process in the opposite direction to the splitting direction or to clamp and hold the piece of wood in the splitting direction, wherein at least one first actuation element is provided to be directly or indirectly coupled to the return / holding plate.

[0011] The splitting wedge is advantageously mounted transversely to the splitting direction, allowing it to follow the grain of the log. The wedge is essentially guided on a floating arm and can freely align itself with the grain. The positioning unit is pivotally and / or rotatably mounted via a joint, enabling it to adapt to the wood grain, i.e., to move up or down and / or sideways, pivot, or rotate as needed to accommodate changes in grain direction.

[0012] The ability of the splitting wedge to move freely along the grain, perpendicular to the splitting direction, reduces splitting forces, as the wedge glides within the dominant grain direction. The force required for splitting is therefore low, since cutting wood fibers requires considerably more force than splitting them along the grain. Furthermore, less unwanted small pieces of wood are produced. It is also advantageous that the bearing of the movable splitting wedge is not subjected to the splitting force.

[0013] According to the invention, an optimized design is possible. Compared to the prior art, the guide of the movable splitting wedge is not subjected to the splitting force, thereby increasing the service life of the machine and simplifying the design.

[0014] The log splitter can be designed for stationary use or be mobile, for example, when mounted on a timber trailer or other suitable mobile equipment or trailer. The log splitter can also be placed directly into the crane truck. Alternatively, the log splitter itself can have an axle for attaching to a towing vehicle.

[0015] The return / retaining plate is actuated via at least one first and / or at least one second actuation element, for example, by a spring-loaded mechanism using a suitable spring, or by hydraulics, pneumatics, electricity, or simply by gravity. The coupling can be magnetic or mechanical, using appropriate means.

[0016] In this case, at least one first actuation element and at least one second actuation element are provided to be directly or indirectly coupled to the return / holding plate, which means that a return spring or an actuation spring, or a corresponding hydraulic, pneumatic, or electrical system, is mounted directly on the return / holding plate, or is coupled indirectly via an intermediate element, e.g., a wire rope, a chain, a cylinder, or another suitable element.

[0017] The return / holding plate can be designed to actuate in such a way as to return the piece of wood to its starting position after the splitting process, in the opposite direction to the splitting direction.

[0018] Alternatively, the return / holding plate can be designed to clamp and hold the piece of wood in the splitting direction. Advantageously, the log (section) cannot then move back and forth, and only the splitting wedges are forced through it.

[0019] For example, in both cases at least one return spring, or at least one pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric cylinder, can be provided. The at least one second actuation element can also be a hydraulic cylinder, which is, for example, arranged centrally. Alternatively, two or more hydraulic cylinders can be used, acting on both sides of the return / holding plate or the pressure plate. This measure enables an even pressure distribution. This is particularly advantageous when the at least one floating splitting wedge moves towards the piece of wood.

[0020] The return / holding plate can move the piece of wood back into its starting position after splitting, in the opposite direction to the splitting process. This eliminates the need for manual transport.

[0021] The splitting wedge can deflect via a pivot axis on the base frame. Alternatively, the base frame can also be mounted so that it can slide relative to the positioning unit.

[0022] Since the splitting knife can freely follow the longitudinal grain direction of the piece of wood perpendicular to the splitting direction, low-energy splitting of the wood is possible.

[0023] This simplifies the splitting process. The energy required for splitting is reduced, as less force is needed.

[0024] Can at least one splitting wedge be stationary and attached to the hydraulic cylinder, and can it move, while the pressure plate is stationary?

[0025] In the area below, especially in front of the splitting knife, an opening may be provided through which chips produced during splitting can fall downwards.

[0026] Advantageously, the opening is located approximately parallel to or in the plane of the slitting direction or the positioning unit. This ensures coverage of the chip area.

[0027] The length of the opening can extend approximately over the width of the at least one splitting knife. Its depth can be, in particular, about 4 to 50 cm, preferably 7 to 20 cm, and most preferably in the range of about 10 cm.

[0028] This ensures an optimum balance between chip removal and the stability of the piece of wood during splitting.

[0029] A cleaning mechanism may also be provided which, during the return movement, loosens chips adhering to the splitting knife(s) and pushes them towards the opening.

[0030] The cleaning guide can be a separate component used solely for cleaning, or it can be integrated into the log splitter. Specifically, the cleaning guide can be a separate comb-like cleaning tool with a carrying device for lifting and positioning it on the positioning unit. Its tines can be inserted into the spaces between the splitting wedges using the pressure plate or the return / holding plate.

[0031] This allows for active cleaning of the splitting wedges from adhering chips and / or jammed split remnants or adhering pieces of split wood.

[0032] The pressure plate, return / retaining plate, and splitting knife can be guided or mounted on a sliding frame. The bearing can engage in the area of ​​the first end between the sliding frame and the positioning unit.

[0033] At least one splitting wedge can be provided as part of a splitting wedge unit, in which at least one or more further splitting wedges are provided. These can be arranged transversely to the first splitting wedge, allowing the split wood to be split crosswise into strips. This measure improves the quality of the split wood.

[0034] The at least one splitting knife can be provided to be movable in a floating manner either at the second end or at the second actuation element, in particular below the return / holding plate.

[0035] A base frame can be provided for the log splitter, to which at least one splitting wedge is attached, the positioning unit is guided, and the bearing for the positioning unit is mounted. This results in a compact design.

[0036] The distance between the splitting wedge and the pressure plate and / or return / holding plate can be between 20 cm and 140 cm or even more when at rest, preferably between 24 cm, 33 cm, and 70 cm and 120 cm. This allows even large sections of wood to be split, including preferred lengths between 80 cm and 100 cm, which are used, for example, for firewood. These can then be easily stacked in cubic meter increments.

[0037] Additionally, in the case of the stacked log splitter, at least one second actuation element can be provided that can be coupled directly or indirectly to the return / holding plate, in order in particular to actuate the return / holding plate in the splitting direction.

[0038] This measure can be advantageous in helping to avoid a collision with a cutting device or in bracing the return / holding plate against the piece of wood.

[0039] The return / holding plate can be mounted with pressure on both sides, and at least one first pressure element can force the return / holding plate into the starting position.

[0040] The retraction / retaining plate can be designed to be brought into a stop position by means of a stop element. This prevents further movement towards the first end. Particularly with a spring-loaded retraction plate, this measure allows the spring force to be released as soon as the log section is above the slot channel.

[0041] The log splitter may also include a wood feeding device for feeding a piece of wood.

[0042] The wood can be fed manually or mechanically. It can also be fed semi-automatically or fully automatically in the usual way, for example via a conveyor belt, a feed plate, etc. The wood can be fed from the most suitable side, for example laterally via a conveyor belt or manually, especially with pre-cut pieces of wood.

[0043] The log can also be fed in from the front or the back, especially when a whole log is being fed in, which is then cut to length on the log splitter. This can be done mechanically, for example.

[0044] The log splitter can also include a cutting device for cutting the log to length.

[0045] The cutting device can be, for example, a circular saw, chainsaw, cutting blade, or any other suitable cutting device. In particular, a chainsaw can be mounted in a known manner so that it can pivot about an axis.

[0046] The cutting length can be adjustable or adaptable, for example by moving the cutting device along the direction of the gap.

[0047] The pressure plate of the log splitter can also be used as a length stop for a log, especially when feeding the log from the rear. The cutting device, for example, is positioned as a chainsaw, offset to the rear in the splitting direction according to the desired log length. A log section is cut and falls onto the base plate or positioning unit. The actuated, especially spring-loaded, return / holding plate is pushed or pulled away during cutting by means of at least one other actuating element. After cutting, the log is clamped over the return / holding plate. As the splitting cylinder and base plate retract, the log section falls into the splitting channel and can be split.

[0048] Alternatively, the cutting device can be attached to the horizontal splitting wedge. A log is then fed into the log splitter from the rear. The pressure plate of the log splitter moves to a free position according to the desired log length. The log is clamped and cut, then falls directly into the splitting channel.

[0049] This method is advantageous because it is relatively quick. To split the log, it only needs to be moved back by the corresponding length of firewood.

[0050] Alternatively, the log can be fed in from the front, over the splitting cylinder. The cutting device is positioned at a distance from the horizontal splitting wedge corresponding to the desired log length. The return holding plate can be locked in place, thus serving as a length stop for the log. The cutting device then cuts the log section, which falls directly into the splitting channel.

[0051] The log splitter can have an additional clamping device on the splitting carriage which, when locked, pulls the log into the desired position for cutting to length. The clamping device can also be provided for holding and clamping a log on the log splitter, either additionally or as an alternative. In a simple embodiment, a horizontally movable clamping arm is provided. Preferably, a horizontally movable clamping arm is provided on each side of the log splitter, as this allows a log to be secured with simple means.

[0052] The log splitter is preferably designed to be inclined 5-20° forwards.

[0053] Tilting a log splitter temporarily mounted on a crane trailer forward, for example, makes it possible to see into the splitting channel.

[0054] The invention also relates to the use of a log splitter for splitting logs.

[0055] Finally, the invention also relates to a method for splitting stacked logs with a stacked log splitter according to the invention, comprising the following steps: Feeding a wooden piece (14) from the rear until it reaches the stop against the pressure plate (16), - Cutting the piece of wood (14) to length using the cutting device (58). - Method of the retrieval / retaining plate (18) for releasing the gap channel (66), - Inserting and picking up the piece of wood (14) in the splitting channel (66),

[0056] Retrieval of the retrieval / holding plate (18) for clamping the wooden piece (14) between the retrieval / holding plate (18) and the pressure plate (18) in the gap channel, - Splitting the piece of wood (14).

[0057] The procedure may further include the step - Method of retracting / holding plate (18) in gap direction (C) to release for the cutting device (58).

[0058] Further advantages and details of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Identical details are identified by the same reference numerals. Since the terms used are not uniformly or unambiguously defined in the prior art, the terms used here should be understood in the context of and in conjunction with the respective figures.

[0059] They show: Fig. 1. Place a log splitter in the starting position, Fig. 2. Place the log splitter in working position, Fig. 3 a mobile log splitter, Fig. 4 a detailed design of a log splitter, Fig. 5. the log splitter Fig. 4 in perspective view, Fig. 6 a cleaning tool for the log splitter, Fig. 7 Another embodiment of a stacked log splitter with a fed log in a perspective detail view, Fig. 8 the log splitter Fig. 7 with log in hand, Fig. 9 the log splitter Fig. 8 with cut-to-length logs, Fig. 10 the log splitter Fig. 9 with cut-to-length log in the splitting channel, Fig. 11 the log splitter Fig. 10 with partially split logs after splitting, Fig. 12 Another embodiment of a log splitter in perspective detail view Fig. 13 the log splitter Fig. 12 in another partial view, Fig. 14 Another embodiment of a log splitter in perspective detail view Fig. 15 the log splitter Fig. 14 diagonally from below.

[0060] The following text refers to the characters intermittently. This reference can apply to multiple characters simultaneously, even without explicit mention. Therefore, the text is valid for several depictions when used in context.

[0061] Fig. Figure 5 shows a log splitter A in a perspective / 3D view. E denotes the first end and Z the second end of the log splitter. At the first end E, a hydraulic cylinder 10 is shown, which is supplied and operated via a power supply unit with a control device (not shown).

[0062] The following text refers to the characters intermittently. This reference can apply to multiple characters simultaneously, even without explicit mention. Therefore, the text is valid for several depictions when used in context.

[0063] The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 10 (not shown in detail) is connected to a sliding frame 12. The cylinder tube of the hydraulic cylinder 10 is connected to a base frame 11. Of course, these elements can also be arranged in reverse, e.g., the piston rod connected to the base frame 11 and the cylinder tube connected to the sliding frame 12.

[0064] Furthermore, a positioning unit 26 is provided, which serves to receive and store a piece of wood to be split, in particular a log 14, in the manner of a table or support table. The log lies along its grain in the splitting direction C. The positioning unit 26 can be moved by the hydraulic cylinder 10 in direction C, hereinafter referred to as splitting direction C, and in direction B, hereinafter referred to as return direction B, for the splitting process.

[0065] A pressure plate 18 is attached to the sliding frame 12. This plate serves to engage the log 14 and move it in the splitting direction C. A splitting wedge 33, not visible in this illustration, is located on the opposite side of the log 14 at the second end E. See also [reference to be added]. Fig. Figure 4 shows a partial section of the entire assembly with the log, in which the splitting wedge 33 has already penetrated the log 14. When the hydraulic cylinder 10 is fully extended, the pressure plate 18 is located in the area of ​​the splitting wedge 33.

[0066] During the splitting process, the sliding frame 12 is pushed from its initial position, as shown in the figure, in the splitting direction C by the pressure force of the hydraulic cylinder 10. The pressure plate 18 is rigidly connected to the sliding frame 12. During the splitting process, the pressure plate 18 presses against the end grain / face of the log 14 and pushes it in the splitting direction C. The end of the log 14 pointing towards the end Z then strikes the splitting wedge 33, which is connected to the base frame 11.

[0067] The log 14 is supported on the positioning unit 26 and can be moved in the splitting direction C during the splitting process. The distance in direction D between the support surface of the log 14 on the positioning unit 26 and the splitting wedge 33 determines the size / thickness of the layer or split wood that is split off the log 14. The design of the positioning unit 26 can be such that the layer thickness of the wood to be split can be adjusted by changing the distance of the positioning unit 26 to the base frame 11 in directions D and F.

[0068] As shown, a branch point 25 may be present in the log 14. At such a branch point 25, the wood fiber direction 27 typically surrounds it. The wood fiber direction 27 is therefore not straight, but very irregular and, in the worst case, can even run perpendicular to the splitting direction C, which considerably complicates the splitting process.

[0069] According to the present concept, the splitting wedge 33 can slide or follow the dominant wood grain direction 27 during the splitting process, and can also move freely in the direction of D or F. The splitting wedge 33 is thus guided in a free-sliding or floating manner. To enable this, the log splitter A has a bearing, hereinafter referred to as bearing L, with a pivot joint 20 between the splitting wedge 33 and the positioning unit 26. This allows the distance in the direction of D and F between the splitting wedge 33 and the positioning unit 26 to change during the splitting process.

[0070] The splitting knife 33 is guided freely on an arm and follows the grain direction in the wood, similar to a ras on a pendulum axis that follows the ground's contour.

[0071] In Fig. 4 and Fig. 5. This bearing L is mounted between the positioning unit 26 and the base frame 11, thus preventing the bearing L from being subjected to the pressure force of the hydraulic cylinder 10. The bearing L can be operated as shown in Fig. 3 can be designed as a pivot joint; alternatively, it can also be designed as a linear guide. Although not shown in these figures, the return retaining plate 16 can be spring-loaded, as described below with regard to the Fig. 7 to 14 are described and perform the same function accordingly.

[0072] The Fig. 1 and Fig. Figure 2 shows the above-described configurations of the log splitter A in a highly simplified schematic diagram. Identical parts are marked with the same reference symbols.

[0073] Fig. 1 shows the starting position during Fig. Figure 2 shows a position during the splitting process. W denotes a force line between return plate 16 and pressure plate 18. Figure 37 generally denotes a drive means if the device is not to be actuated by a hydraulic cylinder as described above.

[0074] In this simplified representation, it is clearly visible that the positioning unit 26 is pivotably arranged on the support L by means of a bearing or bearing point. By pivoting downwards, it can compensate for the distance to the splitting wedge 33 if the latter follows the grain or structure of the log 14.

[0075] With reference to Fig. 2 Depending on the point of view, this quasi “floating gap arrangement”, in which the gap thickness is not absolutely fixed, can be seen as floating, the gap knife 33 as floating or the positioning unit 26 as “evasive”.

[0076] During the splitting process, log 14 rests on positioning unit 26 in area ZZ of the log splitter A. A layer of wood is split off log 14 during the splitting process, with a thickness approximately equal to the distance between positioning unit 26 and the log splitter in direction D. This split layer of wood rests in area X of the log splitter A on the side of the base frame 11 facing in the direction of F.

[0077] During the reverse movement of the hydraulic cylinder 10, it moves the sliding frame 12 in the direction of B. In doing so, the return plate 16 strikes the remaining log 14 and pushes it in the direction of B to the starting position of the splitting process, as shown in Fig. 1 is evident. The remaining log 14 falls back onto the positioning unit 26 due to gravity. The splitting process can now begin again.

[0078] Another essential feature of the present idea is that an opening O is provided below in the cutting area of ​​the splitting knife 33. This opening can be implemented in various ways. In this case, the positioning unit 26 is simply shortened compared to the maximum usable length between the pressure plate 18 and the splitting knife 33.

[0079] The opening O serves to provide a path for the resulting wood chips, splitting waste, shavings, etc., hereinafter referred to as wood shavings H. These significantly impede the splitting process during operation and essentially dull the splitting wedge 33.

[0080] Additionally, a rake (not shown in detail) or a cleaning unit, similar to a cam, can be guided along the splitting wedge 33 and, if necessary, further splitting wedges 35 in conjunction with the return plate 16. In this way, adhering wood chips are effectively scraped off or removed and pushed towards the opening O, into which they then fall.

[0081] The opening O is preferably arranged approximately parallel to, or in the plane of, the splitting direction or the positioning unit. The length of the opening O extends approximately over the width of the splitting wedge 33. Its depth T, indicated by the dimension arrows in the figures, is approximately 4 to 50 cm, particularly 7 to 20 cm, preferably in the range of 10 cm. The opening O can also be interrupted by webs, e.g., for stability reasons, so that several partial openings are formed. Assuming a typical log length of 100 cm, the log 14, which is supported on the positioning unit 26, has sufficient bearing surface so that it cannot fall into the opening O on its own or become jammed.

[0082] After the splitting process, the pressure plate 18 is returned to its starting position by resetting the log 14 in the reverse direction B. The splitting wedge then lowers back to its preset dimension due to the force of gravity acting on the parts arranged on the sliding frame 12 in the direction F.

[0083] Alternatively, the return movement can also be hydraulically, pneumatically, electrically, or via spring forces. It is also conceivable that the splitting wedge 33 is stationary and the positioning unit 26 is movable relative to it. Another embodiment provides that both the splitting wedge 33 and the positioning unit 22 can move in directions D and F.

[0084] It is advantageous according to Fig. 4 The splitting wedge 33 is equipped with further splitting wedges, so-called known transverse wedges 35, which are positioned perpendicular to the splitting direction of the splitting wedge 33. These split the split layer of wood into further, smaller pieces of wood. Advantageously, an opening O is provided in front of the splitting wedge 33 through which small pieces of wood fall out of the log splitter A due to gravity.

[0085] To enable quick and easy transport of the log splitter, the A-series log splitter can be mounted on a chassis. Alternatively, it can be mounted on the rear linkage of agricultural tractors, on wheel loader attachments, or on front loaders. A stationary version is also possible, as is a self-propelled machine.

[0086] This is in Fig. Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a mobile log splitter A. The positioning unit 26 is designed as a chassis and rests on the ground 39 via a pair of wheels 38. This chassis can be coupled to a towing device (not shown in detail) via a coupling device 40. The further line of action 42 shows the basic energy supply from the towing vehicle to the drive unit 43 for the log splitter A.

[0087] In this simplified representation, it is clearly visible that, starting from a parallel layer of laminated wood, the splitting wedge 33 moves with the grain direction. The splitting wedge 33 and almost all active elements, in particular the splitting wedge 33, sliding frame 12, base frame 11, return plate 16, and pressure plate 18, are lifted in direction D. The lowering occurs almost automatically when the split piece of wood falls out from below the device.

[0088] In Fig. Figure 6 shows a separate comb-like or rake-shaped cleaning tool 45, which has a carrying device 47 for lifting and positioning it on the positioning unit 26. The carrying device may also have an opening for receiving a hook or other lifting device. The cleaning tool 45 has a comb plate 48 with a number of tines 51 and a back plate 47. These two parts are positively connected to each other in an angled manner, e.g., by welding. With its tines 49, the cleaning tool 45 can be inserted into the spaces between the splitting knives 33 by means of the pressure plate 18. These tines are designed such that they fit precisely into the spaces in terms of size and number.

[0089] The front end 53 of the back plate 47 forms a stop, e.g., against a part of the sliding frame 12, so that the comb plate 48 does not engage too deeply into the gaps and possibly injure or damage the cutting edges of the splitting knives 33.

[0090] Advantageously, the distance between the splitting wedge 33 and the pressure plate 18 in the resting state is between 20 cm and 140 cm or more, preferably between 25, 33, or 70 cm and 120 cm. This allows for the splitting of particularly large tree sections, including the preferred lengths between 20 cm and 140 cm, which are used, for example, for firewood. These can then be easily stacked in cubic meter quantities.

[0091] Fig. Figure 7 shows another embodiment of a stacked log splitter with a fed log in a perspective detail view. The log 14 is located on a log support 56 and is held by two log clamps 54 in a known manner. In this case, the two log clamps 54 are hydraulically actuated against the log 14. The log 14 is fed in a known manner, e.g., via a crane, skidder, log grapple, or another suitable feeding device (not shown), in this case from behind onto the log support 56.

[0092] In addition to the single log clamp 54, a cutting device 58 in the form of a chainsaw with a drive unit 60 in the form of a motor is provided. The chainsaw 58 can be pivoted about an axis transverse to the longitudinal axis of the log 14 and is designed to cut a corresponding log section to length. The cutting length is adjustable, for example, by the distance between the pressure plate 18 and the chainsaw 58.

[0093] In Fig. 8. The log 14 is brought into contact with the pressure plate 18 and secured by the two log clamps. The hydraulic cylinder 10 is largely extended. Two release cylinders 64, located on either side, act on the return / holding plate 16 in the splitting direction to enable uninterrupted cutting to length. Fig. 9 then shows the log splitter made of Fig. 8 with cut-to-length log 14, which rests on the knife unit 37.

[0094] Fig. 10 shows the log splitter made of Fig. 9 with a cut-to-length log in the splitting channel 66. To release the splitting channel 66, the hydraulic cylinder moves in the return direction B to open the splitting channel 66. Likewise, the two release cylinders 64 have returned to their starting position. The spring-loaded return holding plate 16 has moved the log 14 into the splitting channel 66 and is positioned on both sides against stops 17 at the front edge of the knife unit 37, adjacent to the splitting channel 66. In this position, the log 14 is secured and clamped in the splitting channel by the pressure plate 18, and is ready for the splitting process. The two stops 17 release the spring force from the spring-loaded return / holding plate 16 as soon as the log section is positioned above the splitting channel 66.

[0095] Fig. 11 shows the log splitter made of Fig. Figure 10 shows a partially split log after the splitting process. The hydraulic cylinder extended the pressure plate 18 in the splitting direction C and pushed and split a lower section of the log 14 through the knife unit 37. The upper section of the log 14, located above the knife unit 37, moved the return / holding plate 16 in the splitting direction C against the spring force of the springs 62. The previously described cycle begins again with the hydraulic cylinder 10 retracting until the splitting channel 66 is released again and the partially split log is picked up there once more, until the entire log is split.

[0096] Fig. Figure 12 shows another embodiment of a log splitter in a perspective detail view. The detail view is slightly enlarged. In contrast to the previous embodiment, the spring 62 and the release cylinder 62 are shown only from one side, but as before, they can also be provided on both sides. The two figures serve to improve the detail representation, in particular of the stops 17 for the return / holding plate 16, the splitting channel 66 with the positioning unit 26 arranged below it. The return / holding plate 16 is in the stop position, the release cylinder is in its starting position, i.e., retracted, and the pressure plate 18 and the hydraulic cylinder 10 are also in their starting positions.

[0097] Fig. 13 the log splitter Fig. 12 in a further partial view, however without cutting device, trunk clamps and trunk support

[0098] Fig. Figure 14 shows another embodiment of a log splitter A in a perspective detail view. Here too, only the essential components are shown. Fig. 15 shows the log splitter made of Fig. 14 diagonally from below.

[0099] The A-type stacked log splitter has a largely similar design to the stacked log splitter from Fig. However, items 7 to 12 differ in that the splitting wedges 33, 35 and the knife unit 36 ​​are attached to the movable part of the cylinder 10 and are pressed through the piece of wood 14. Additionally, the return / retaining plate 16 is different compared to the Fig. 7 to 12 opposite side, i.e., on the other side of the piece of wood 14 located in the splitting channel 66. Furthermore, springs 62 and release cylinders 64 are provided on both sides. The springs 62 act on the return / retaining plate 16 in the splitting direction C. Alternatively, the return / retaining plate 16 can also be pulled in the splitting direction C.

[0100] Finally, instead of the movable return / holding plate 16, a stationary support plate 70 is provided to support the piece of wood or the section of log on one side, especially when it is located in the splitting channel.

[0101] The release cylinders 64 can move the return / holding plate 16 in the reverse direction B to enable the log 14 to be received after being cut to length in the splitting channel 66 and onto the positioning unit 26. In the Fig.In the position shown in Figure 14, the cut log section 14 is located in the splitting channel and is clamped between the return / holding plate 16 and the stationary support plate 70 by the spring force of the springs 62, and is in the position before the splitting process. For splitting, the hydraulic cylinder 10 is then moved in the splitting direction C, thereby pushing the knife unit 36 ​​with the splitting knives 33, 35 through the cut log section 14.

[0102] The positioning unit 26 or plate can be stationary, or, as previously described, movable and in particular pushed through the knife unit 37 with the log section 14.

[0103] Naturally, individual embodiments of the present idea can be combined in any way or with features of the prior art without abandoning the fundamental concepts – for example, the floating mounting of the splitting wedge or the opening for the chips. Modular versions of the stationary designs are also possible, which may offer further advantages. The shape and external appearance of the devices shown can be designed as desired and adapted to the specific application and operating conditions.

[0104] Furthermore, the application of the described method is not limited to splitting wood, but can be applied, if necessary, to any material processing where similar working or material conditions exist.

[0105] To summarize briefly once again: Previously known log splitters use splitting knife arrangements with fixed splitting dimensions, whereby irregularly grown wood puts stress on the bearing of the splitting knives with the splitting force, which leads to a more difficult splitting process.

[0106] The new device is designed such that the splitting wedge assembly 33 is freely movable in the vertical direction, and the guide for the splitting wedge unit is designed such that the splitting force generated by the hydraulic cylinder 10 does not stress it. Furthermore, an opening O is provided to allow the removal of disruptive wood chips H. Additionally, a spring-loaded, movable return / holding plate 16 is provided for clamping and guiding the log section.

[0107] Additionally, the log can be easily braced and secured using the measures described above. QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 20 2019 102 484 U1

[0003] SI 201300137A

[0004] DE 202006003335U1

[0006] EP 2 279 838 B1

[0008] Cited non-patent literature

[0000] The video "GROWI Log Splitter with Automatic Return" can be found via the link: https: / / youtu.be / tJ39hvnY1Js, uploaded by GROWI Maschinenbau to www.youtube.de on 04.07.2019

[0007]

Claims

[1] Layer log splitter (A) with a base frame (11) on which - a positioning unit (26) arranged with a first and a second end, and - a pressure plate (18) is arranged at a first end (E), - wherein the layer log splitter (A) comprises at least one splitting knife (33), wherein a piece of wood (14) to be split can be stored lying in the longitudinal direction on the positioning unit (26) and is movable in the splitting direction from a starting position at the first end (E) to a second end (Z) against the at least one splitting knife (33, 35) by the pressure plate (18) and is guided freely in the longitudinal direction or the at least one splitting knife (33, 35) is movable on the cylinder (10) against the piece of wood (14) and is guided freely in the longitudinal direction, wherein a layer of the piece of wood (14) can be split off substantially along its longitudinal grain direction, at the first end a bearing (L) is attached, via which the positioning unit (26) is movably, in particular pivotably, engaged with the base frame (11), thereby making the distance to the splitting wedge (33) changeable, and a return / holding plate (18) is provided in such a way as to either return the piece of wood (14) to its starting position after the splitting process in the opposite direction of splitting (C) or to clamp and hold the piece of wood in the direction of splitting (C), for which purpose at least a first actuation element (62) (10, 64) is provided to be directly or indirectly coupled to the return / holding plate (18). [2] Stacked log splitter according to claim 1, wherein an opening (O) is provided in the area below, in particular in front of the splitting knife (33), through which chips produced during splitting can fall downwards. [3] Stacked log splitter according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the opening (O) is approximately parallel or approximately, - in the plane of the slit direction, or - the positioning unit (26). [4] Stacked log splitter according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a cleaning cam is provided which, during the return movement, loosens chips adhering to the splitting wedge (33) or to the splitting wedges (33, 35) and pushes them towards the opening (O). [5] Stacked log splitter according to one of the preceding claims, wherein pressure plate (18), return / holding plate (18) and splitting wedge (33, 35) are guided or attached on a sliding frame (12). [6] Stacked log splitter according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the bearing (L) engages in the region of the first end (E) between the sliding frame (12) and the positioning unit (26). [7] Layer log splitter according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one splitting knife (33, 35) is part of a splitting knife unit and at least one or more further splitting knives (35) are provided which are arranged transversely to the first splitting knife (33), whereby the split wood layer can be split transversely into strips. [8] Stacked log splitter according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one second actuation element (10, 64) is provided to be directly or indirectly coupled to the return / holding plate (18) in order to act upon the return / holding plate (18) in the splitting direction (C). [9] Stacked log splitter according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the return / holding plate (18) is mounted with pressure on both sides, and the at least one first pressure element (62) applies pressure to the return / holding plate (18) in the starting position. [10] Log splitter according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the return / holding plate (18) can be brought into a stop in its starting position via a stop element (17) so that further movement in the direction of the first end (E) is prevented. [11] Log splitter according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one splitting knife (33, 35) is provided to be floatingly movable either at the second end or, in particular below the return / holding plate (18), on a cylinder (10, 64). [12] Stacked log splitter according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a wood feeding device (56) for feeding the log (14). [13] Log splitter according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a cutting device (58) for cutting the log (14) to length, which in particular is spaced a log length away from the pressure plate (16) in the direction of the second end (Z). [14] Stacked log splitter according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the stacked log splitter is preferably inclined 5-20° forwards. [15] Use of a log splitter according to any of the preceding claims for splitting logs. [16] Method for splitting stacked logs with a stacked log splitter according to any one of claims 1-14 comprising the steps: - Feeding a wooden piece (14) from the rear until it reaches the stop against the pressure plate (16), - Cutting the piece of wood (14) to length using the cutting device (58). - Method of the retrieval / retaining plate (18) for releasing the gap channel (66), - Inserting and receiving the piece of wood (14) in the splitting channel (66), retrieving the retrieval / holding plate (18) to clamp the piece of wood (14) between the retrieval / holding plate (18) and the pressure plate (18) in the splitting channel, - Splitting the piece of wood (14). [17] Method for splitting layered wood, further comprising the step: - Method of retracting / holding plate (18) in gap direction (C) to release for the cutting device (58).

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