Rescue unit for persons to be rescued and / or for rescuers

Abstract

The present invention relates to a rescue unit (1) for persons (4) to be rescued and / or for rescuers, preferably for wounded persons (4) and / or for paramedics, comprising a frame (10) with a chassis (11) by which the rescue unit (1) can be moved on a surface (2), and a protective cell (13) which encloses a protected interior space at least substantially and is designed to accommodate at least the persons (4) to be rescued and / or the paramedic, wherein the rescue unit (1) is designed such that the protective cell (13) can be lowered relative to the frame (10) at least along the vertical axis (Z) onto the surface (2) and raised from the surface (2), wherein the protective cell (13) is designed to completely close a floor surface of the interior space in the raised state and to open the floor surface of the interior space sectionally relative to the surface (2) in the lowered state.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a rescue unit for persons to be rescued and / or for rescuers, preferably for wounded persons and / or for paramedics.

[0002] During military operations, and especially in combat, soldiers are typically wounded and must then be recovered and treated by the medical service. This involves a chain of steps that a wounded soldier may go through. This chain, or process, begins with initial treatment directly on the battlefield by a medic, also known as a paramedic. Following this, the wounded soldier is recovered and transported, usually on a stretcher or on foot, to a casualty collection point or similar location away from the combat zone. From there, vehicles such as all-terrain ambulances, whether armored or unarmored, can typically be used to reach a military or civilian hospital.

[0003] The greatest danger from gunfire is therefore to wounded soldiers as long as they remain on the battlefield and during initial medical treatment there. Transport from the battlefield is similarly dangerous. This applies equally, or even more so, to the medics who treat wounded soldiers on the battlefield and recover or transport them away, especially carrying them or supporting them as they walk.

[0004] However, similar situations can also occur in the civilian sector. For example, in the case of a fire, and especially a large fire, possibly with the risk of explosions, harmful and especially toxic gases, and the like, it can also be dangerous for emergency services to reach and provide care to people in need of rescue.

[0005] Regarding the dangers faced by medics as medical soldiers, it is important to note that, contrary to international law, which is supposed to offer them special protection, medics in the field or on the battlefield are specifically targeted and fired upon in order to undermine or destroy the morale of the opposing troops. Consequently, the medical corps suffers comparatively high casualties in action, contrary to international law.

[0006] One object of the present invention is to improve the protection of persons being rescued, and in particular of wounded personnel, during initial medical care and / or rescue operations. This is also intended to be achieved, alternatively or additionally, for rescuers themselves, i.e., for emergency responders who provide medical care to the persons being rescued and / or evacuate them from dangerous situations. This is intended to be achieved particularly for wounded soldiers on the battlefield and / or for medics who provide medical care to wounded soldiers on the battlefield and / or evacuate them from the battlefield. In any case, this should be as simple, safe, flexible, and / or cost-effective as possible. At the very least, an alternative to known methods should be provided.

[0007] The problem is solved according to the invention by a recovery unit with the features of claim 1. Advantageous further developments are described in the dependent claims.

[0008] The present invention thus relates to a rescue unit for persons to be rescued and / or for rescuers, preferably wounded persons and / or medics, wherein the wounded persons may be rescued from a battlefield, particularly during combat, by medics and the like. In any case, the rescue includes on-site initial medical care by the medic. This applies comparably to civilian applications.

[0009] The recovery unit according to the invention comprises a frame with a chassis, enabling the recovery unit to be moved on a surface. Moving, and in particular driving, the recovery unit can be performed automatically by the unit itself, provided it has its own drive system and is designed as a vehicle or as a component of a vehicle. This can improve or increase the recovery unit's movement and operational capabilities, although it may require or cause additional effort, costs, installation space, and weight. Alternatively, the recovery unit can also be designed without its own drive system in order to be moved by a separate vehicle, for example, by being pulled or pushed. This saves effort, costs, installation space, and weight on the part of the recovery unit, but can limit its movement and operational capabilities.

[0010] The rescue unit according to the invention further comprises a protective cell which at least substantially encloses a protected interior space and is designed to accommodate at least the person to be rescued and / or the paramedic. The interior space can be accessible, in particular, through a closable door or the like, or through at least one closable opening in a wall, and in particular a rear wall of the protective cell, in order to access the interior space as a person, and in particular as a paramedic, and to move the person to be rescued, in particular lying on a stretcher, through the opening in the wall into the interior space and to remove them again from there. The protective cell can be sufficiently robust and, in particular, armored, as appropriate to the specific application.

[0011] The rescue unit according to the invention can be intended for civilian use in order to recover and rescue people, and in particular the wounded, in the event of accidents and disasters, in accordance with the invention. Preferably, the rescue unit according to the invention can be intended for military use and be appropriately equipped and, in particular, armored, in order to enable the initial treatment and recovery of wounded soldiers under increased protection in combat.

[0012] The recovery unit is designed so that the protective cell can be lowered to the ground and raised from the ground relative to the frame, at least along the vertical axis, the protective cell being designed to completely close off a floor area of ​​the interior when raised and to open the floor area of ​​the interior section by section relative to the ground when lowered.

[0013] In other words, the protective cell of the rescue unit according to the invention can provide an interior space that is protected, particularly with regard to fire in combat, and is essentially completely enclosed, although preferably accessible through at least one closable door and / or through at least one opening in a wall, and especially a rear wall of the protective cell. In this space, at least one rescued person and preferably also at least one medic or medical soldier can be received, protected, and moved or transported with the rescue unit when the rescue unit is moving or being moved. Thus protected, the rescued person, possibly accompanied by the medic, can be transported out of a danger zone and especially out of a battlefield to reach an area for further medical treatment safely and securely.

[0014] According to the invention, the person to be rescued can enter or be brought into the protected interior of the shelter by partially opening the floor of the interior, which is otherwise formed by a fixed floor of the shelter, so that the interior of the shelter is accessible from below. The floor can be opened in various ways, for example by folding up or sliding a flap in the floor to the side to create a passageway to the bottom. Alternatively, a section of the floor can be designed to be rolled up to create the passageway.Preferably, however, the floor itself can be solid and fixed, with the walls that enclose the interior horizontally being able to be moved beyond the floor in order to extend the floor area next to the actual floor around the passage opening, as will be described in more detail below.

[0015] Secondly, the protective cell is lowered towards the ground relative to the frame of the rescue unit, which can be done in an inclined or arc-shaped movement and preferably in a straight line along the vertical axis. In any case, according to the invention, the protective cell, which is partially open at the bottom, can now be lowered with the passage opening or the opening in the floor surface above the person to be rescued onto the ground around the person, so that the walls of the protective cell can protect the person to be rescued laterally while the person is lying on the ground. This protection can serve against external influences such as wind, rain, snow, hail, and the like, but also fire, heat, smoke, and the like. In the case of military use of the rescue unit according to the invention, protection against gunfire, explosions, and the like can be achieved.Preferably, the protective cell also has a roof, so that the interior of the protective cell can also be closed at the top, which can improve the protective effect.

[0016] In this lowered state of the protective cell, the person being rescued can leave the ground themselves, for example by rolling sideways or crawling onto the floor of the protective cell, and reach the interior of the protective cell in such a way that the opening can then be closed again and the protective cell raised. Likewise, a paramedic, who may be located inside the protective cell, can provide initial medical care to the person being rescued in the lowered state and then move them into the interior of the protective cell, for example by pulling them, or vice versa, in order to close the opening again. In any case, the rescue unit according to the invention, with the protective cell raised, can reach an area for further medical care, as described above.

[0017] According to one aspect of the invention, the protective cell has a projection designed to move relative to the floor of the protective cell, preferably horizontally, in order to completely close the floor of the interior when retracted and to partially open the floor of the interior relative to the ground when extended. As mentioned previously, this can be a practical implementation, allowing the floor of the protective cell to remain completely closed, which can improve the design and protection, particularly in the case of a reinforced floor, for example, as mine protection.

[0018] An extension is understood to be a component or section of the protective cell that can be extended and retracted relative to the rest of the protective cell along the transverse and / or longitudinal axis, preferably as a rear wall extending along the longitudinal axis. This extension increases the interior volume of the protective cell and simultaneously creates the opening to the ground as described above, where the wall(s) project above the floor. The protection of the interior by the walls can be maintained continuously if the extension has a continuous connection to the walls, for example, through wall sections that extend the respective walls. Optionally, the extension can also include a corresponding roof section to provide continuous protection from above.

[0019] According to a further aspect of the invention, the extension is at least one wall, preferably a rear wall, of the protective cell. This can represent a concrete implementation, as previously described.

[0020] According to a further aspect of the invention, the protective cell has at least one thrust device, preferably at least one pair of thrust devices, which is configured to move the extension, preferably along the longitudinal axis, by means of an extension / retraction movement relative to at least one wall, preferably the side walls, of the protective cell, in order to completely close the floor surface of the interior in the retracted state and to partially open the floor surface of the interior relative to the ground in the extended state. This can represent a concrete implementation, as previously described.

[0021] According to a further aspect of the invention, the extension is designed as the rear wall of the protective cell, wherein the extension has a pair of side wall sections which extend along the longitudinal axis and are configured to extend one side wall of the protective cell along the longitudinal axis and along the vertical axis. This can represent a concrete implementation, as previously described.

[0022] According to a further aspect of the invention, the side walls of the protective cell are designed to encompass the side wall sections outwards along the transverse axis and along the vertical axis, preferably each as a hollow side wall. This can represent a concrete implementation possibility, as previously described.

[0023] According to a further aspect of the invention, the protective cell, preferably the extension, has at least one winch, preferably a pair of winches, which, in the lowered state of the protective cell, preferably in the extended state of the extension, are arranged directly along the vertical axis above the opening of the floor surface of the interior. The winch or pair of winches can be used to lift the person to be rescued from the ground, which can facilitate the rescue. A pair of winches can make it possible to lift the weight of the person to be rescued, particularly in the upper body and leg areas, as evenly distributed as possible. Lifting in this way can also be more stable, i.e., with less lateral movement, which can be more comfortable for the person being rescued and / or medically less stressful.

[0024] According to a further aspect of the invention, the rescue unit has at least one stretcher receptacle in its interior, equipped with a stretcher designed to accommodate a rescued person, preferably a wounded person, in a lying position. This can make transport, initial medical care, and the like within the protective cell of the rescue unit more comfortable, medically safer, more stable, and more space-saving, particularly when there are several rescued persons and / or at least one paramedic inside.

[0025] According to a further aspect of the invention, the stretcher, along with the person being rescued, preferably a wounded person, is designed to be raised and lowered along the vertical axis by means of a winch. This allows the person to be pulled or rolled onto the stretcher by a paramedic while still in the protective cell, or even to move onto the stretcher themselves, and then be lifted by the winch while lying on it. This can simplify and speed up the rescue of the person, making it more comfortable, medically safer, and more stable for them. Furthermore, the rescue can then be carried out by only one other person or by only one paramedic.

[0026] According to a further aspect of the invention, the rescue unit, preferably by means of a transfer unit, is designed to transfer the stretcher, including the rescued person, preferably including the wounded person, between the stretcher receptacle and the winch. For example, the stretcher can be placed on a laterally pivotable frame of a transfer unit, which can be attached to the inside of one of the side walls, and disconnected from the winch, in order to then be pivoted, in particular by 90°, to the side and parallel to one of the respective side surfaces. There, the stretcher can then be slid from the pivotable frame onto a stretcher receptacle fixed there and preferably locked in place. Alternatively, the stretcher receptacle itself can be pivotable and receive the stretcher, and then pivoted against the side wall and preferably locked there.In any case, the stretcher can be safely stowed for the movement of the rescue unit, preferably by a movement only in the horizontal direction, with or without a person to be rescued on the stretcher, and the winch can be released again.

[0027] According to a further aspect of the invention, the protective cell, preferably a wall, and particularly preferably a rear wall, has at least one closable passage opening, preferably several closable passage openings, which are designed so that the stretcher, together with the rescued person, preferably with the wounded person, can be pushed through the open passage opening of the protective cell into its interior and pulled out of its interior. Accordingly, the passage opening can correspond approximately to the width of the stretcher and be designed to allow the stretcher, together with the person to be rescued lying on it, to pass through. At the same time, the passage opening can be designed to be minimal in order to impair the stability of the protective cell or its wall or rear wall as little as possible.In particular, several such passageways may be present to allow stretchers to be passed through to multiple locations within the protective cell.

[0028] In any case, this passageway in the protective cell can serve to allow a person to be rescued to be passed laterally on a stretcher into the protected interior of the rescue unit, in addition to the opening in the floor described above. This would allow, for example, two paramedics to pick up a person in the immediate vicinity of the rescue unit using a stretcher and transport them into the protected interior of the rescue unit. This can expand the possibilities for rescuing, providing medical care to, and transporting people, and especially wounded persons, from the danger zone using the rescue unit according to the invention. Likewise, the rescued person can be transported out of the protected interior of the rescue unit on the stretcher through the passageway, as an alternative to a door or similar opening, as previously described.

[0029] According to a further aspect of the invention, the passage opening of the protective cell and the stretcher receptacle are arranged and aligned in a straight line with each other. This makes it possible to pick up and securely hold the stretcher directly and in a straight line within the protected interior of the rescue unit's protective cell, as described above. Minimizing movement of the stretcher, and in particular rotating, lifting, or lowering it, can be more comfortable, medically gentler, and more stable for the person being rescued.

[0030] According to a further aspect of the invention, the recovery unit comprises at least one lifting device, preferably at least one pair of lifting devices, which is configured to lower the protective cell along the vertical axis relative to the frame onto the ground and to raise it from the ground by means of a lifting / lowering movement. This can represent a concrete implementation, as previously described. In particular, a hydraulic lifting device can be used for this purpose, which may already be present in suitable vehicles capable of moving the recovery unit.

[0031] According to a further aspect of the invention, the recovery unit has at least one ground support, preferably a pair of ground supports, which is designed to be lowered onto the ground to place the recovery unit, preferably in a state detached from a vehicle, on the ground, and to be raised to move the recovery unit. This can enable stable positioning of the recovery unit on the ground. In this case as well, a hydraulic lifting device can be used, which may already be present in suitable vehicles capable of moving the recovery unit.

[0032] According to a further aspect of the invention, the recovery unit also includes an additional armor module designed to partially enclose the protective cell, preferably completely down to the floor of the interior. The additional armor module can optionally be used or supplemented to partially enclose at least the protective cell and preferably also the frame of the recovery unit, preferably laterally and from above, i.e., down to the floor. For this purpose, the additional armor module can be designed as a single piece, optionally with openings corresponding to a door and / or a passageway or several passageways of the protective cell, and can be placed onto the protective cell from above using a crane or the like, for use as needed. This can improve the protection of the protective cell and, in particular, the recovery unit as a whole in military applications.

[0033] According to a further aspect of the invention, the floor of the protective cell is designed as a mine-resistant floor and / or the floor is sloped at one edge, preferably at the front edge in the direction of movement or travel, relative to the ground. This improves or even makes possible the protection against mines if the recovery unit according to the invention is used militarily. This can also be achieved by optional additional armor plating as a mine-resistant floor beneath the actual floor of the protective cell. Furthermore, the slope makes it easier to pull the recovery unit across the ground if its own wheels or chassis are damaged and rolling on the ground is no longer possible.

[0034] According to a further aspect of the invention, the recovery unit is designed to be self-propelled, or the recovery unit is designed to be moved by a vehicle, preferably towed or deployed and picked up. In the former case, the recovery unit has its own drive to enable it to move itself, as previously described. In the latter case, this is not the case, so a separate vehicle is required to move the recovery unit, as also previously described.

[0035] Several exemplary embodiments and further advantages of the invention are shown and explained in more detail below in purely schematic terms in connection with the following figures. These figures show: Fig. 1 a side view of a recovery unit according to the invention in a first embodiment in the raised state of the protective cell and in the retracted state of the extension; Fig. 2 the representation of the Fig. 1 in the extended state of the extension; Fig. 3 the representation of the Fig. 2 from the top; Fig. 4 the extension with the pair of thrust devices of the Fig. 3 alone; Fig. 5 the representation of the Fig. 2 with person to be rescued and transparent representation of the expulsion; Fig. 6 the representation of the Fig. 2 in the lowered state of the protective cell with the extension extended; Fig. 7 the representation of the Fig. 6 with a person to be rescued on a stretcher, lifted by means of a winch; Fig. 8 the representation of the Fig. 1 with rescued persons lying on stretchers on stretcher mounts; Fig. 9 the representation of the Fig. 8 with protective cell resting on the ground; Fig. 10 a representation of the recovery unit according to the invention in the first embodiment from the rear in the lowered state of the protective cell and with the extension extended beyond the edge of a trench; Fig. 11 the representation of the Fig. 1 with separate additional armor module; Fig. 12 the representation of the Fig. 1 with attached additional armor module; and Fig. 13 a representation of the recovery unit according to a second embodiment from the rear in the lifted state of the protective cell and with the extension retracted.

[0036] The figures above are viewed in Cartesian coordinates. A longitudinal axis X extends, which can also be called depth X or length X. Perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X extends a transverse axis Y, which can also be called width Y. Perpendicular to both the longitudinal axis X and the transverse axis Y extends a vertical axis Z, which can also be called height Z and corresponds to the direction of gravity. The longitudinal axis X and the transverse axis Y together form the horizontal X,Y, which can also be called the horizontal plane X,Y.

[0037] A recovery unit 1 according to the invention, based on a first embodiment of the Fig. The recovery unit 1, which can also be referred to as a frame 10 or chassis 10, has a frame 10, which can also be referred to as a chassis 10. The recovery unit 1 can be towed as a trailer on a surface 2, or its surface 20, by a vehicle (not shown) as a towing vehicle. For this purpose, the recovery unit 1 has a chassis 11 in its rear area along the longitudinal axis X, which is fixedly mounted on the frame 10. The chassis 11 has a pair of wheels 11a on each side along the transverse axis Y, which are arranged one behind the other along the longitudinal axis X on an intermediate pivot axis 11b to improve the off-road capability of the recovery unit 1. In the recovery unit 1 according to a second embodiment of the invention, Fig. Furthermore, a spare wheel (11c) is available at position 13.

[0038] To connect to the towing vehicle, a trailer coupling 12 is provided at the front end of the frame 10 along the longitudinal axis X as the direction of travel or movement. The frame 10 also has an extendable or retractable base support 10a at this point, in order to stand stably on the ground 2 or its surface 20 when detached, i.e., when separated from the towing vehicle (see, for example, [reference]). Fig. 1.

[0039] The recovery unit 1 has a protective cell 13, which is surrounded by the frame 10 in the horizontal planes X and Y. Along the longitudinal axis X, the protective cell has a front wall 13c and, parallel to it opposite, a projection 13d as a rear wall 13d. Along the transverse axis Y, it has a pair of parallel side walls 13a, and along the vertical axis Z, a roof 13e at the top and, parallel to it opposite, a floor 13b at the bottom. The protective cell 13 can also be referred to as a protective container 13. In this way, an interior space (not specified) of the protective cell 13 is enclosed and protected. The interior space of the protective cell 13 can be accessed through a door 13f in the rear wall 13d, cf. Fig. 10.

[0040] The floor 13b is specially designed as a mine protection floor 13b for military operations. The leading edge of the floor 13b in the direction of travel or movement has a slope 13ba, so that the recovery unit 1 can be pulled more easily over elevations 21 of the ground 2 should the chassis 11 not be usable, cf. Fig. 9.

[0041] The protective cell 13 is movable by means of lifting devices 10b in the form of hydraulic lifting cylinders 10b, which are arranged at the four corners (not designated) of the frame 10 and connected to the corresponding corners (not designated) of the protective cell 13, by means of a lifting / lowering movement A along the vertical axis Z relative to the frame 10, in order to be spaced apart from the ground 2 in a raised state, so that the recovery unit 1 can be moved, cf. for example Fig. 1. Furthermore, the protective cell 13 can be lowered by means of the hydraulic lifting cylinders 10b along the vertical axis Z by the lowering movement A onto the substrate 2 or its surface 20 in order to rest on the substrate 2 or its surface 20, cf. for example Fig. 6. Then the protective cell 13 can be raised again relative to the base 2 or its surface 20 by means of the lifting movement A, in order to be able to be moved again, cf. for example Fig. 8.

[0042] The rear wall 13d of the protective cell 13 is, as already mentioned, designed as an extension 13d, so that the extension 13d can be extended and retracted along the longitudinal axis X by means of an extension / retraction movement B, cf. for example Fig. 2. For this purpose, the protective cell 13 has a pair of thrust devices 10c, which are designed as hydraulic thrust cylinders 10c and are arranged in the side walls 13a, which have corresponding cavities or are double-walled, cf. Fig. 3 and Fig. 4. The extension 13d has a side wall section 13da on each side, running parallel to the side walls 13a on both sides, which is connected to the respective hydraulic push cylinder 10c and extends the corresponding side wall 13a to the rear along the longitudinal axis X when the extension 13d is extended to the rear, cf. for example Fig. 3. Likewise, the roof 13e can also have a roof section on the side of the extension 13d in order to keep the extension 13d closed at the top when extended.

[0043] According to the invention, the rescue unit 1 can thus be used, for example, in military operations to recover a person 4 as a wounded soldier 4 during combat. For this purpose, the rescue unit 1 can be moved with its rear side 13d towards the wounded soldier 4 lying on the ground 2, with the protective cell 13 still in the raised position and the extension 13d in the retracted position, cf. for example Fig. 1, so that the interior is completely enclosed and protected. The floor area (not labeled) of the protective cell 13 corresponds to the floor 13b of the protective cell 13.

[0044] Upon reaching the wounded soldier 4 to be rescued, the extension 13d is first extended backwards along the longitudinal axis X in accordance with the extension movement B, so that the wounded soldier 4 lies directly below the extension 13d or the space enclosed by the extension 13d and its side wall sections 13da in the horizontal X, Y, cf. for example Fig. 5.

[0045] The protective cell 13 is then lowered by the hydraulic lifting cylinders 10b along the vertical axis Z by the lowering movement A onto the ground 2 or its surface 20, so that the wounded soldier 4 is completely enclosed by the protective cell 13 in the horizontal X, Y. Accordingly, the wounded soldier 4 is now protected from the dangers of the battlefield, especially if the extension 13d also has a roof element to provide protection against hazards such as projectiles from above, but also against rain, snow, wind and the like as environmental influences.

[0046] In this protected state, a medic (not shown), located in protective cell 13 of rescue unit 1, can now provide initial medical care to the wounded soldier 4 on site. The medic can then place or roll the wounded soldier 4 onto a stretcher 15, which has a frame 15a with a mat 15b or an air mattress 15b, in order to be moved or lifted from the ground 2 using the stretcher 15, cf. for example Fig. 7. For this purpose, the extension 13d can have a pair of winches 14a, which can be suspended from a crossbeam 14 extending along the transverse axis Y. Each winch 14a can unwind or wind a rope 14b to lower or raise the stretcher 15, which is connected at both ends to one of the two ropes 14b, along the vertical axis Z, cf. for example Fig. 7.

[0047] In the raised position, the stretcher 15 can then be transferred to a laterally arranged stretcher receptacle 16 or stretcher support 16 by pivoting the stretcher receptacle 16 under the raised stretcher 15, lowering the stretcher 15 onto the stretcher receptacle 16 using the winches 14a, disconnecting the cables 14b from the stretcher 15, and finally pivoting the stretcher receptacle 16 parallel to the side wall 13a and locking it there. This can be done for at least two stretcher receptacles 16 arranged one above the other per side wall 13a, cf. for example Fig. 8. This can be repeated for several wounded soldiers if necessary. Then the rescue unit can be moved from the towing vehicle out of the danger zone or out of the battlefield to reach a hospital or similar facility for further medical care of the rescued persons.

[0048] According to the invention, the rescue unit 1 can also be used to rescue a wounded soldier 4 from a depression 22, such as a trench 22, by moving the rescue unit 1 from the rear between trees 3 to the edge of the trench 22, extending the extension 13d over the trench 22 and then lowering the protective cell 13, cf. Fig. 10, so that the ropes 14b can reach a stretcher 15 with the wounded soldier 4 to be rescued, which lies on the ground (unmarked) of trench 22 or can be lifted by other persons 5 in trench 22, such as soldiers 5 located there. In any case, the soldiers in trench 22 can place the wounded soldier 4 onto the stretcher 15 and connect the stretcher 15 with the ends of the ropes 14b, so that the medic does not have to leave the interior of the shelter 13 and remains protected.

[0049] As in the Fig. 11 and Fig. As shown in Figure 12, an additional armor module 17 can also be used to enclose the roof 13e and the four walls 13a, 13c, 13d, and to improve or reinforce their protection or armor. For this purpose, the additional armor module 17, which corresponds to the door 13f (see, for example, Figure 12), can be used. Fig. 10, which may have a recess, is placed along the vertical axis Z from above onto the roof 13e of the protective cell 13, cf. Fig. 12 opposite Fig. 11.

[0050] According to a second embodiment of the recovery unit 1 according to the invention, Fig.The rear wall 13d or the extension 13d has four closable passage openings 13db, which are arranged side by side in a 2x2 matrix along the transverse axis Y and one above the other along the vertical axis Z. The dimensions of the passage openings 13db correspond approximately to the width of the stretcher 15 and approximately to the height of the stretcher 15 including the wounded soldier 4 lying on it (not shown), so that a stretcher 15 with the wounded soldier 4 lying on it can be passed by two medics or soldiers 5 along the longitudinal axis X through an open passage opening 13db and handed over to a medic inside the shelter 13.The four passage openings 13db are arranged where the stretcher receptacles 16 are located on the side walls 13a of the protective cell 13, so that the stretchers 15 can be placed straight onto the respective stretcher receptacle 16 and pushed forward, so that the stretcher 15 together with the wounded soldier 4 lying on it can be handled within the interior of the protective cell 13 by only one person in the form of the medic located there.

[0051] Conversely, the transfer of stretcher 15, including the wounded soldier 4 lying on it, can take place through the corresponding opening 13db when a hospital or the like has been reached. REFERENCE MARK LIST (Part of the description) A lifting / lowering movement B Ejection / retraction movement X Longitudinal axis; Depth; Length Y transverse axis; width Z vertical axis; height X, Y Horizontal; horizontal plane 1 rescue unit 10 Frame; chassis 10a extendable or lowerable floor support 10b Lifting devices; hydraulic lifting cylinders 10c Thrust devices; hydraulic thrust cylinders 11 Chassis 11a Wheels 11b Swivel axis 11c spare wheel 12 Towbar 13 Protective cell; protective container 13a Side walls 13b Soil; mine protection soil 13ba Sloping 13c Front wall 13d extension; back panel 13da Side wall sections of the rear wall 13d 13db closable passage openings in the rear wall 13d 13e Roof 13f Door 14 Crossbeam 14a Winches 14b rope 15 carriers 15a frame 15b Mat or air mattress 16 swiveling stretcher mounts; swiveling stretcher holders 17 Additional armor module 2. Subsurface; ground 20 Surface of the substrate 2 21 Subsurface elevations 2 22. Deepening; Trench 3 trees 4. Person to be rescued; wounded person; wounded soldier 5 other persons; soldiers

Claims

[1] Rescue unit (1) for persons to be rescued (4) and / or for rescuers, preferably for wounded persons (4) and / or for paramedics, with a frame (10) with a chassis (11) with which the recovery unit (1) can be moved on a surface (2), and with a protective cell (13) which at least substantially encloses a protected interior space and is designed to accommodate at least the person to be rescued (4) and / or the paramedic, wherein the recovery unit (1) is designed such that the protective cell (13) can be lowered onto the ground (2) and raised from the ground (2) relative to the frame (10) at least along the vertical axis (Z), wherein the protective cell (13) is designed to completely close off a floor area of ​​the interior when raised and to open the floor area of ​​the interior section by section towards the ground (2) when lowered. [2] Recovery unit (1) according to claim 1, wherein the protective cell (13) has an extension (13d) which is designed to be moved relative to a floor (13b) of the protective cell (13), preferably in the horizontal (X, Y), in order to completely close the floor surface of the interior in the retracted state and to open the floor surface of the interior sectionally relative to the ground (2) in the extended state. [3] Recovery unit (1) according to claim 2, wherein the extension (13d) is at least one wall (13a, 13c, 13d), preferably a rear wall (13d), of the protective cell (13). [4] Recovery unit (1) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the protective cell (13) has at least one push device (10c), preferably at least one pair of push devices (10c), which is configured to move the extension (13d), preferably along the longitudinal axis (X), by means of an extension / retraction movement (B) relative to at least one wall (13a, 13c, 13d), preferably relative to the side walls (13a), of the protective cell (13) in order to completely close the floor surface of the interior in the retracted state and to open the floor surface of the interior sectionally relative to the ground (2) in the extended state. [5] Recovery unit (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the extension (13d) is designed as the rear wall (13d) of the protective cell (13), wherein the extension (13d) has a pair of side wall sections (13da) which extend along the longitudinal axis (X) and are designed to extend one side wall (13a) of the protective cell (13) along the longitudinal axis (X) and along the vertical axis (Z). [6] Recovery unit (1) according to claim 5, wherein the side walls (13a) of the protective cell (13) are designed to encompass the side wall sections (13da) along the transverse axis (Y) and along the vertical axis (Z) outwards, preferably each to be incorporated as a hollow side wall (13a). [7] Recovery unit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective cell (13), preferably the extension (13d), has at least one winch (14a), preferably a pair of winches (14a), which in the lowered state of the protective cell (13), preferably in the extended state of the extension (13d), is arranged directly along the vertical axis (Z) above the opening of the floor surface of the interior. [8] Rescue unit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the rescue unit (1) has in the interior at least one stretcher receptacle (16) with a stretcher (15) which is designed to accommodate a rescued person (4), preferably a wounded person (4), lying down. [9] Rescue unit (1) according to claims 7 and 8, wherein the stretcher (15) is designed to be lifted and lowered along the vertical axis (Z) together with the rescued person (4), preferably with the wounded person (4), by means of the winch (14a). [10] Rescue unit (1) according to claims 8 and 9, wherein the rescue unit (1) is configured, preferably by means of a transfer unit, to transfer the stretcher (15) together with the rescued person (4), preferably with the wounded person (4), between the stretcher receptacle (16) and the winch (14a). [11] Rescue unit (1) according to one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the protective cell (13), preferably a wall (13a, 13c, 13d), particularly preferably a rear wall (13d), of the protective cell (13) has at least one closable passage opening (13db), preferably several closable passage openings (13db), which is designed so that the stretcher (15) together with the rescued person (4), preferably with the wounded person (4), can be pushed through the open passage opening (13db) of the protective cell (13) into its interior and pulled out of its interior. [12] Recovery unit (1) according to claim 11, wherein the passage opening (13db) of the protective cell (13) and the stretcher receptacle (16) are arranged and aligned in a straight line to each other. [13] Recovery unit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the recovery unit (1) has at least one lifting device (10b), preferably at least one pair of lifting devices (10b), which is configured to lower the protective cell (13) along the vertical axis (Z) to the ground (2) and to raise it from the ground (2) by means of a lifting / lowering movement (A) relative to the frame (10). [14] Recovery unit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the recovery unit (1) has at least one ground support (10a), preferably a pair of ground supports (10a), which is designed to be lowered onto the ground (2) in order to place the recovery unit (1), preferably in the state decoupled from a vehicle (6), on the ground (2), and to be raised in order to move the recovery unit (1). [15] Recovery unit (1) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising an additional armor module (17) which is designed to enclose the protective cell (13) section by section, preferably completely up to the floor surface of the interior. [16] Recovery unit (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 15, wherein the floor (13b) of the protective cell (13) is designed as a mine-protection floor (13b) and / or wherein the floor (13b) is formed at one edge, preferably at the front edge in the direction of movement or travel, with a slope (13ba) relative to the substrate (2). [17] Recovery unit (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the recovery unit (1) is self-propelled or wherein the recovery unit (1) is designed to be moved by a vehicle (6), preferably towed or deployed and picked up.

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