Protective cover and use of a spring element

Abstract

A protective cover (14, 16) has several interconnected shielding elements (28, 30; 40, 42; 128, 528), each comprising a cover leg (52, 152, 552) and an actuating leg (54, 154, 554) angled relative to the cover leg (52, 152, 552). The actuating legs (54, 154, 554) of adjacent shielding elements (28, 30; 40, 42; 128, 528) are interconnected, at least partially, by at least one deformable connecting element (60, 62). The shielding elements (28, 30; 40, 42; 128, 528) are arranged in a row, maintaining an overlap (92) between adjacent cover legs (52, 152, 552), and are movable between a retracted position in which adjacent actuating legs (54, 154, 554) are close together and an extended position in which the adjacent actuating legs (54, 154, 554) are spaced apart from each other.At least some of the actuating arms (54, 154, 554) each carry at least one spring element (64, 164, 264, 364, 464, 564) which acts on an opposite actuating arm (54, 154, 554) of an adjacent shielding element (28, 30; 40, 42; 128, 528) when the shielding elements (28, 30; 40, 42; 128, 528) are in a proximity range (90) encompassing the retracted position relative to each other, and is spaced apart from the opposite actuating arm (54, 154, 554) when the shielding elements (28, 30; 40, 42; 128, 528) are in a distance range (88) encompassing the extended position relative to each other. condition.

Description

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a protective cover with a plurality of interconnected shielding elements, each having a cover leg and an actuating leg angled relative to the cover leg. Furthermore, the present disclosure relates to the use of a spring element in a protective cover.

[0002] From EP 4 046 747 A2, a protective cover for machines is known, which is formed from several essentially L-shaped shielding elements connected to each other via connectors to form a flexible and length-variable shielding surface. The connectors between the shielding elements are intended to allow controlled movement of the cover. EP 4 046 747 A2 refers to the use of film hinges in the connectors.

[0003] From EP 4 140 642 A1, a protective cover is known which is formed from several essentially L-shaped shielding elements connected to each other via connectors to form a flexible and length-variable shielding surface. EP 4 140 642 A1 relates to specific embodiments of such connectors.

[0004] Protective covers are used in machines, especially machine tools, and other technical equipment to define and sufficiently isolate areas from one another. In machine tools, for example, this applies to a work area where the actual machining takes place and a rear area that houses components such as guides, drives, auxiliary units, and the like.

[0005] The shielding elements of protective covers can also be generally referred to as louvers or scales. These shielding elements are typically made of stainless steel, (possibly rust-free) spring steel, or comparable metal materials. Protective cover designs are known in which such shielding elements are combined with a bellows. Furthermore, there are so-called bellows-less protective covers in which the shielding elements make sufficiently tight contact with each other. In this way, depending on the design, at least adequate sealing against the passage of media (e.g., cooling lubricants), chips, abrasion, and the like can be ensured. Different applications may entail different sealing requirements.

[0006] The shielding elements are typically arranged in a row and are movable relative to each other in a defined manner, allowing the entire protective cover to be movable. This enables spindles, robots, machine tables, and similar components to be moved along at least one axis within machines. The protective cover can adapt to these movements, ensuring a tight seal regardless of the position of the moving component. This allows for the creation of length-variable protective covers. Depending on the configuration, assemblies of protective covers can be created that accommodate movements of a component penetrating the shielding surface along one, two, or even three axes. This is not intended to be a limitation.

[0007] To increase the sealing effect between adjacent shielding elements, the contact pressure (corresponding to a preload force) between adjacent and overlapping cover legs can be increased. Higher contact pressure ensures a better seal, but conversely, the actuation forces also increase.

[0008] Another requirement for protective covers is the provision of the maximum possible travel distance with a minimum block size (smallest dimension with high packing density of the shielding elements). In this way, for example, the available installation space can be used to its maximum extent in machine tools.

[0009] Adjacent shielding elements are regularly coupled to each other by so-called connectors (usually made of plastic), thus providing stabilization along and perpendicular to the movement. Depending on the type, the connectors can transmit movements between adjacent shielding elements. At least some of the connectors can serve as travel limiters to define the maximum distance between adjacent shielding elements.

[0010] It has been observed that, particularly during extension (also referred to as expansion movement) from the block dimension, the majority or multitude of aligned shielding elements sometimes do not extend uniformly and synchronously, resulting in a jerky extension movement. This is partly due to a phenomenon known as "bundling," where a subset of the shielding elements adhere to each other, at least slightly, at the beginning of the extension movement, and the affected shielding elements move relatively late relative to one another.

[0011] Similarly, stick-slip effects (adhesion-slip effect or (self-excited) frictional vibration) can also cause the shielding elements to move unevenly, smoothly, and synchronously, at least initially. Fundamentally, the protective cover itself exhibits a certain inertia due to its own weight, which can also influence the smoothness of the movement of the individual shielding elements.

[0012] The probability of movement with impaired uniformity increases when measures are taken to optimize the sealing effect by increasing the preload force between adjacent cover legs.

[0013] From a functional perspective, the uneven extension movement can potentially even influence the movement of the machine component (tool spindle, workpiece carrier, robot, or similar) that typically triggers the movement of the protective cover. The protective cover is carried along by the component's movement, creating additional inertia or load for the drives used. In extreme cases, this can even affect the machine's accuracy and / or dynamics.

[0014] Against this background, the present disclosure aims to provide a protective cover with a plurality or multiple interconnected shielding elements, in which the shielding elements can be pulled apart with a high degree of uniformity. In particular, the protective cover should exhibit a lower tendency to clump together between adjacent shielding elements. The space requirement, especially the minimum block size, should not increase, or only insignificantly, as a result of measures to optimize the movement characteristics. The protective cover should be capable of being upgraded with minimal additional effort. The complexity of the overall protective cover system should, if possible, not increase at all, or only to a tolerable extent. The protective cover should, as far as possible, have only a negligible influence on the movement of the machine component that moves the protective cover.

[0015] According to a first aspect, the present disclosure relates to a protective cover with a plurality of coupled shielding elements, each having a cover leg and an actuating leg angled relative to the cover leg, wherein the actuating legs of adjacent shielding elements are coupled to one another at least sectionally by at least one deformable connecting element, wherein the shielding elements are arranged in a row while maintaining an overlap between adjacent cover legs, wherein the shielding elements are movable between a retracted position in which adjacent actuating legs are close together and an extended position in which the adjacent actuating legs are spaced apart from one another, and wherein at least some of the actuating legs each carry at least one spring element.that acts on an opposite actuating leg of an adjacent shielding element when the shielding elements are in a proximity range encompassing the retracted position relative to each other, and is spaced away from the opposite actuating leg when the shielding elements are in a distance range encompassing the extended position relative to each other.

[0016] The task underlying the revelation is solved in this way.

[0017] The spring elements assist the extension movement from a compressed position of the protective cover. This allows the movement of adjacent shielding elements to be coordinated and synchronized. The movement is visually perceived as smooth and even. Abrupt movements and potentially even stick-slip events with adverse effects on the movement characteristics can be reduced or even avoided. If adjacent shielding elements are pushed apart by corresponding spring elements, at least in the approach area, the tendency to clump together can also be effectively reduced.

[0018] The connecting elements primarily serve to stabilize the relative position of the arranged shielding elements. This can be achieved both in the direction of travel and perpendicular to it. The connecting elements can also define a maximum distance (maximum extension length). The connecting elements are intended to guide and stabilize the shielding elements, but any influence on the movement characteristics due to their inherent elasticity should be minimized. If necessary, an inherent damping effect of the connecting elements can further contribute to smoothing the movement. If the connecting elements have joints, these should offer as little resistance as possible to the movement of the connecting elements.

[0019] The connecting elements are deformable. This can include a defined deflection, for example, through the provision of joints (film hinges in integrally manufactured connecting elements or built-in joints in multi-part connecting elements). In other words, the connecting elements can be designed to be deformable by means of joints. Designs are also conceivable in which the connecting elements are at least partially (temporarily) elastically deformed when the protective cover moves. The connecting elements are generally designed to be dimensionally flexible. In certain configurations, different types of connecting elements are combined in such a way that the desired guidance and support of the shielding elements is achieved in at least one spatial direction.

[0020] The connecting elements are typically made of plastic materials. This can include manufacturing by injection molding, but also thermoforming, embossing, stamping, milling, and the like. Particularly with multi-part designs of deformable connecting elements, integral manufacturing with the formation of material joints is advantageous.

[0021] The protective cover typically features multiple or numerous shielding elements, easily comprising dozens of such elements arranged in a row. Protective covers often have two sections (per axis) with a movable component or opening between them. When one section extends, the other retracts in a mirrored motion – and vice versa.

[0022] The protective cover closes off a shielding surface, thus defining a closing area or plane. In a machine tool, for example, the shielding surface serves as a boundary between a work area and a rear compartment containing components. Moving components of the machine tool (work spindles, workpiece supports, handling equipment, etc.) can protrude through the shielding surface and thus the protective cover. Similarly, protective covers can be used to open or close airlocks or the like as needed; this applies, for example, to airlocks for tool changes and / or workpiece changes.

[0023] The cover elements are typically made of sheet metal. Examples of materials used include stainless steel, spring steel, and similar materials. Spring steel is generally a steel with comparatively high strength and a high elastic limit. The cover legs are those legs of the shielding elements that form the closing surface on one front side of the protective cover. The cover legs of adjacent shielding elements overlap each other, with the degree of overlap depending on the current position / length of the protective cover. With smooth / uniform movement of the protective cover, the overlap across multiple shielding elements should be as constant as possible. Adjacent cover legs can make at least slight contact with each other to ensure the desired seal of the protective cover. Typical material thicknesses for the cover elements range from 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm.This should not be understood as restrictive.

[0024] The actuating arms are those arms upon which forces act to move the shielding elements and the protective cover as a whole. The protective cover is "driven," for example, via so-called end flanges, which connect to the edge shielding elements. For instance, an end flange connected to a frame serves as a reference for movement, while the opposite end flange is coupled to a machine component whose movement causes the protective cover to move along with the shielding elements and thus drive the protective cover.

[0025] The integrated spring elements intentionally create a functional separation. The connecting elements primarily serve to transmit forces, guide, and stabilize the shielding elements. The spring elements are designed to favorably influence the movement characteristics of the protective cover, particularly during expansion from its block size (smallest possible dimensions with high packing density of the shielding elements).

[0026] The spring elements are designed in such a way that support can be provided for the extension movement in the approach area, which significantly reduces the tendency to clump together, stick-slip effects and the like.

[0027] In the distance range, the spring elements deliberately have no influence on the movement of the protective cover, so that the necessary driving forces and / or the dynamics of the movement are not adversely affected.

[0028] In the approach range, the spring elements provide a spring force that acts on adjacent shielding elements. In this range, the spring elements can push adjacent actuating arms apart, thereby particularly supporting the potentially failure-prone extension from the block dimension. The spring elements are at least partially pre-tensioned in the approach range. In the distance range, the spring elements are relaxed; no spring force provided by the spring elements acts on the adjacent shielding elements.

[0029] The spring elements, even in their compressed state, can exert a compressive force on the shielding elements or their actuating arms to assist in their extension. This ensures uniform extension, even with shielding elements that provide a high degree of sealing between the cover arms. The space required by the spring elements is minimal. Assuming that the spring elements require less or the same installation space (especially the thickness between the actuating arms) as the connecting elements, there is no negative impact on the minimum block dimensions. This allows for optimal utilization of the available travel range.

[0030] According to one exemplary embodiment, the spring elements are designed such that they push adjacent actuating legs apart in the approach area. This ensures that the protective cover is pulled apart evenly, even during dynamic movements. This prevents the cover from bunching up.

[0031] According to another exemplary embodiment, the spring elements each have at least one spring leg that is inclined relative to the actuating leg. This provides an elastic element that can generate a restoring force which, for example, is inversely proportional to the distance between adjacent actuating legs in the approach range. Strict (inverse) proportionality is not required. The closer the actuating legs move to each other, the greater the force exerted by the spring leg tends to be. The spring can be designed to provide sufficient force in the approach range to push the shielding elements apart.

[0032] The inclined relative position of the spring leg does not necessarily mean that the spring leg must be perfectly straight. Curved spring legs are also conceivable. If necessary, an average inclination can be determined.

[0033] The inclination includes, for example, an acute angle between the spring leg and the actuating leg, which opens towards the cover leg. The disclosure is by no means limited to an acute angle. The spring leg, for example, has a rectangular base body with rounded corners. One edge of the base body serves as a free end that, if necessary, contacts the opposite cover leg. On the opposite side, the spring leg is connected to a base.

[0034] According to another exemplary embodiment, at least one spring leg extends from the actuating leg towards the cover leg. This allows for a favorable spring characteristic. Furthermore, (force-transmitting) contact occurs between the spring leg and the adjacent shielding element close to the cover legs, resulting in favorable leverage.

[0035] According to a further exemplary embodiment, the actuating leg has a leg length of [missing information], wherein the spring leg has a free end that is spaced from the cover leg by a maximum of 100% of the leg length, preferably by a maximum of 50% of the leg length. The distance between the end of the spring leg and the cover leg is determined, in particular, perpendicular to the closing plane. The aforementioned values ​​apply, in particular, to a relaxed state of the spring leg (for example, in the distance range).

[0036] According to another exemplary embodiment, the spring elements are each designed as a leaf spring with at least one free spring leg. At least the free spring leg serves (functionally) as a leaf spring. The free spring leg has a free end that acts on an adjacent shielding element in the approach area. The opposite end of the spring leg is connected, for example, to a base or a mounting section. The spring element with the spring leg can also be an integral part of the shielding element. Other embodiments of the spring elements are conceivable. The functionality can also be achieved with different designs of the spring element, such as cylindrical or conical compression springs, disc springs, elastomer springs, and, if necessary, also in a parallel multiple spring arrangement.

[0037] According to a further exemplary embodiment, the block length (or thickness) of the spring elements is less than or equal to a minimum gap width between two adjacent actuating arms, between which at least one spring arm is arranged, wherein the minimum gap width corresponds to the distance between two adjacent actuating arms in the fully retracted position.

[0038] This ensures that the spring elements have no effect on the block dimensions (maximum compressed state of the protective cover). Any installation space occupied by the protective cover can therefore be almost entirely used for movement (for example, movement of a tool spindle).

[0039] For example, the block size of the protective cover is typically defined by the thickness of the connecting elements and the material thickness of the shielding elements in their maximally compressed state. The connecting elements are arranged between adjacent actuating elements, with their actuating legs positioned as close together as possible in terms of block size, and the connecting elements must fit between them.

[0040] According to another exemplary embodiment, at least the spring leg is formed from a spring band made preferably of stainless steel. This increases the durability and resistance of the protective cover. Furthermore, the spring element with the spring leg can thus provide high fatigue strength and a high load cycle with constant spring characteristics. Typical material thicknesses of the spring elements are, for example, 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm. This is not to be understood as a limitation. In exemplary embodiments, the cover elements and the spring elements have identical wall thicknesses. In exemplary embodiments, the cover elements and the spring elements have different wall thicknesses.

[0041] In principle, spring elements, especially their spring legs, can also be manufactured from non-metallic materials. This includes, for example, plastic materials, particularly fiber-reinforced plastics (GFRP or CFRP) or elastomers. Spring elements with favorable spring characteristics can also be provided in this way.

[0042] According to another exemplary embodiment, at least some of the spring elements have a first spring leg and a second spring leg arranged on opposite sides of the actuating leg that carries the spring element. In this way, a spring element, starting from its base shielding element, can contact an adjacent shielding element on both sides of the actuating leg and push them apart in the approach area. This can potentially reduce the number of spring elements required. Furthermore, it can increase operational reliability.

[0043] It is understood that more than one spring element with spring legs can be arranged along the longitudinal extension of a shielding element. In this way, jamming of adjacent shielding elements can be effectively prevented by favorable and distributed force application. Operational reliability can be increased. The smoothness of the extension movement can be further optimized.

[0044] According to another exemplary embodiment, at least some of the spring elements are manufactured integrally with the actuating leg.

[0045] Integral manufacturing of the spring elements with the actuating arm reduces production costs and assembly effort, and ensures a stable connection without additional components. With a favorable design, the spring elements can be produced without requiring any additional material. Comparatively few manufacturing steps (punching, cutting, bending, and similar processes) are required to form the spring elements. In particular, no joining process is necessary.

[0046] According to another exemplary embodiment, the spring elements have at least one curved tab that forms at least one spring leg and extends towards the cover leg. In this way, the spring leg can be produced simply, cost-effectively and with high precision by a forming process.

[0047] According to another exemplary embodiment, the spring elements have at least one curved tab that forms at least one spring leg and extends substantially parallel to the cover leg. This refers in particular to a principal direction of extension of the spring leg. According to this embodiment, the principal direction of extension of the spring leg is approximately parallel to the shielding surface. Such designs can be achieved if the bending edge around which the cover leg is bent is oriented approximately orthogonally to the cover leg or the shielding surface.

[0048] According to another exemplary embodiment, the bending edge is oriented essentially parallel or orthogonal to a direction of travel of the protective cover. In this way, the spring elements can be advantageously adapted to the given installation space. This enables the integration of the spring elements even in protective covers with shielding elements that have comparatively short actuating arms.

[0049] According to a further exemplary embodiment, at least one spring leg adjoins a bending edge, wherein the bending edge has a bending radius of at least 3.0 mm, preferably a bending radius of at least 8.0 mm, more preferably a bending radius of at least 15.0 mm, and even more preferably a bending radius of at least 25.0 mm. In this way, the service life of the spring elements can be increased because stress peaks during the movement of the spring elements can be reduced.

[0050] According to another exemplary embodiment, at least one curved tab is obtained from the actuating arm, with a bending edge being offset from a rear edge of the actuating arm by at least the length of the curved tab. In this way, the material requirement for the semi-finished product is not increased, or only insignificantly. The tab can be cut out by notching, cutting, and similar separation processes and then bent into the desired shape.

[0051] Forming the tab directly from the actuating leg ensures high structural integrity and enables precise control of the spring action through appropriate design.

[0052] According to another exemplary embodiment, at least some of the spring elements are manufactured as separate parts and attached, or attachable, to the actuating arm. This allows existing shielding elements to be upgraded. The disclosed solution can also be retrofitted in the field. The spring elements can be manufactured as separate parts from suitable materials and installed specifically and as required to achieve the desired smoothness of the travel motion. In this way, a suitable arrangement can be installed for each specific application.

[0053] According to another exemplary embodiment, the spring elements have a mounting section for attachment to the actuating arm. This mounting section serves to attach the spring arm to the actuating arm and ensures good guidance of the spring arm.

[0054] Fastening can be force-fit, form-fit, and / or material-fit. Fastening can be achieved, for example, by welding, riveting, crimping, clinching, embossing, and similar permanent joining methods. In principle, fastening by adhesive bonding, soldering, and similar methods is also conceivable. With appropriate design of the fastening section, fastening solely by clamping is also possible. Different fastening methods can be combined, for example, clamping and riveting. Processes such as crimping, clinching, and embossing utilize the plastic deformation of at least one of the joining partners to create a strong connection.

[0055] In another exemplary embodiment, the spring elements with their mounting section are joined to the actuating leg within a recess in the actuating leg, the recess being formed in the actuating leg starting from a rear edge of the leg. This ensures that the spring leg acts on adjacent shielding elements close to the cover legs. Furthermore, it prevents the spring element from projecting rearward beyond the rear edge of the actuating leg.

[0056] In another exemplary embodiment, the spring elements with their mounting section are placed on a rear edge of the actuating leg and joined to the mounting leg. In this way, the spring elements are suitable for conventionally designed shielding elements, for example, shielding elements with a rear edge extending linearly throughout.

[0057] According to another aspect, the present disclosure relates to a machine tool with a protective cover according to at least one of the embodiments described herein. The protective cover can permit movement of a component of the machine tool in at least one direction (axis). Protective assemblies with multiple protective covers coupled to each other to allow movement in two or three axes are also known. During operation of the machine tool, the protective cover can move particularly smoothly and harmoniously, creating a high-quality impression. For given dimensions, maximum travel distances are provided, so that, for example, the working area of ​​the machine tool can be utilized to its fullest extent.

[0058] Furthermore, the present disclosure relates to the use of a spring element in a protective cover with a plurality of coupled shielding elements, each having a cover leg and an actuating leg angled relative to the cover leg, wherein the actuating legs of adjacent shielding elements are coupled to one another at least sectionally by at least one deformable connecting element, wherein the shielding elements are arranged in a row while maintaining an overlap between adjacent cover legs, wherein the shielding elements are movable between a retracted position in which adjacent actuating legs are close together and an extended position in which the adjacent actuating legs are spaced apart from one another, and wherein the spring element is attached to one of the actuating legs.and wherein the spring element acts on an opposite actuating leg of an adjacent shielding element when the shielding elements are in a proximity range encompassing the retracted position relative to each other, and is spaced away from the opposite actuating leg when the shielding elements are in a distance range encompassing the extended position relative to each other.

[0059] In this way, protective covers can be retrofitted as needed or otherwise equipped with spring elements. The block dimensions of the protective cover can be maintained. The protective cover can be moved with high uniformity. This can increase the service life of the cover because various types of excessive stress caused by initially delayed and then abrupt movements (stick-slip, clumping) are avoided.

[0060] It is understood that the spring elements to be used and a protective cover fitted therewith may be designed according to the embodiments and features shown herein.

[0061] It is understood that the features mentioned above and those to be explained below can be used not only in the combinations specified, but also in other combinations or on their own, without leaving the scope of this disclosure.

[0062] Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description and explanation of several exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. These show: Fig. 1: A schematic front view of a protective assembly with protective covers for two linear axes; Fig. 2: a schematic rear view of a protective cover in a partially extended (expanded) position; Fig. 3: another view of the protective cover according to Fig. 2 in a retracted (compressed) position; Fig. 4: a perspective rear view of the arrangement according to Fig. 2; Fig. 5: a perspective rear view of the arrangement according to Fig. 3; Fig. 6: a partial side view of a protective assembly in a partially extended (expanded) position; Fig. 7: one on Fig. 6. Side view of a protective assembly in a retracted (compressed) position; Fig. 8: a perspective rear view of a design of a shielding element of a protective cover with integrated spring elements; Fig. 9: a perspective rear view of a further embodiment of a shielding element of a protective cover with mounted spring elements; Fig. 10: a perspective view of a spring element for use in a shielding element of a protective cover; Fig. 11: a side sectional view of the spring element according to Fig. 10 in an assembled state; Fig. 12: a perspective view of a further embodiment of a spring element for use in a shielding element of a protective cover; Fig. 13: a perspective view of a further embodiment of a spring element for use in a shielding element of a protective cover; Fig. 14: a perspective view of a further embodiment of a spring element for use in a shielding element of a protective cover; Fig. 15: a partial side view of a protective assembly in a partially extended (expanded) position; and Fig. 16: a rear partial view of the arrangement according to Fig. 15.

[0063] Fig. Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary design of a protective assembly 10 using a schematic front view. The protective assembly 10 defines a shielding surface 12, in which the protective assembly 10 provides a separation between two sides that are arranged in front of and behind the shielding surface 12.

[0064] In the exemplary embodiment, the protective assembly 10 is formed by two protective covers 14, 16. It is understood that the protective covers 14, 16 can also be used individually. Protective assemblies combining three protective covers are also known.

[0065] The protective cover 14 is capable of movement in a first direction (compare axis 18). The protective cover 16 is capable of movement in a second direction (compare axis 20), so that a two-dimensional movement along the shielding surface 12 is possible. In this way, for example, a horizontal axis 18 and a vertical axis 20 can be provided. This is not to be understood as a limitation.

[0066] In the exemplary embodiment, the protective cover 14 comprises an outer frame 26 on which two packages of shielding elements 28, 30 are mounted and guided. In the exemplary embodiment, the protective cover 16 comprises an inner frame 36 on which two packages of shielding elements 40, 42 are mounted and guided. The protective cover 16 with the inner frame 36 is positioned between the shielding elements 28 and the shielding elements 30 of the protective cover 14. In other words, when the protective cover 14 moves along the axis 18, the protective cover 16 between the shielding elements 28 and 30 also moves.

[0067] When the shielding elements 28, 30 move along axis 18, the first bundle 28 and the second bundle 30 are alternately compressed or expanded. The same applies to the two bundles of shielding elements 40, 42 when moving along axis 20.

[0068] In the exemplary embodiment, an opening 44 is located between the shielding elements 40, 42, which is movable along the first axis 18 and along the second axis 20. When the protective assembly 10 is used in a machine tool, for example, a tool spindle assembly (in Fig. (1 not shown) protrude through the opening 44. When such an assembly or a comparable component is moved for machining or handling purposes, the protective assembly 10, due to its mobility, allows the shielding elements 28, 30 and 40, 42 to be "carried along" and thus the sealing and shielding along the shielding surface 12 to be maintained. Other applications for protective covers besides those in machine tools are also known. A protective cover does not necessarily have to comprise two opposing sets of shielding elements.

[0069] The following schematic detail views of the protective cover illustrate 14 features and designs as disclosed. It is understood that the features and designs described in the disclosure also apply. Fig. 1 The protective cover shown 16 can be designed accordingly.

[0070] The Fig. 2 and Fig. Figure 3 shows rear views of the protective cover 14 in an extended position ( Fig. 2) and a locked position ( Fig. 3) The established position according to Fig. Figure 3 illustrates the so-called block measure. Additionally, the following are illustrated: Fig. 4 (extended position) and Fig. 5 (retracted position) each a perspective rear view. The rear views according to the Fig. 2-5 result, for example, when considering the protective assembly 10 according to Fig. 1 from the rear (area behind the shielding surface 12 there).

[0071] In the exemplary embodiment according to the Fig. 2-5 The protective cover 14 has a plurality of shielding elements 28 arranged side by side in a row, partially overlapping. End flanges 50 are located at the beginning and end of the row. The end flanges 50 can be used to couple the protective cover 14 to the frame. Furthermore, actuating forces for moving the protective cover 14 can be applied via the end flanges 50. For example, a first end flange 50 is fixed to the frame, and a second end flange 50 is movable along the axis 18 relative to the first end flange 50. In the case of a combination of several protective covers 14, 16 (see Figure 2-5), the protective cover 14 can be mounted on the frame. Fig. 1) At least one of the protective covers 14, 16 can be mounted with its flanges in a floating or cantilevered manner. This is the case if the frame 36 of one protective cover 16 moves along with the movement of the other protective cover 14.

[0072] The shielding elements 28 each have a cover leg 52 and an actuating leg 54. The cover legs 52 together form the shielding surface 12 (see also Fig. 1) The shielding elements 28 of a protective cover 14 are usually of the same type and at least partially identical in design. This does not preclude the possibility that the outer shielding elements 28, which are coupled, for example, to an end flange 50, may have a different design.

[0073] The cover leg 52 and the actuating leg 54 of a shielding element 28 are typically oriented in a substantially L-shape relative to each other. In the exemplary embodiment, the actuating legs 54 have a substantially flat and straight extension. In the exemplary embodiment, the cover legs 52 are profiled at least in sections. In this way, the sealing effect of the protective cover 14 on the shielding surface 12 can be increased if overlapping cover legs 52 of adjacent shielding elements 28 are defined and, if necessary, contact each other with preload.

[0074] The actuating arms 54 of the shielding elements 28 serve to receive connecting elements 60, 62, which couple the shielding elements 28 to each other and stabilize them in their position. Fig. 2 and Fig. Figure 4 illustrates a first type of connecting element 60 and a second type of connecting element 62, which are combined to couple adjacent shielding elements 28. The connecting elements 60 and 62 are typically made of (optionally fiber-reinforced) plastic materials, for example by injection molding, embossing, thermoforming, milling, and the like.

[0075] The connecting elements 60, 62 can also be referred to as stabilizers. The connecting elements 60, 62 are deformable in a defined manner via film hinges or otherwise designed joints when the protective cover 14 moves and thus adjacent shielding elements 28 move relative to each other.

[0076] The connecting elements 60 are in the exemplary embodiment according to the Fig. 2 and Fig. The connecting elements 60 are hexagonally shaped, with an imaginary unfolding corresponding to a band with a pronounced longitudinal extension. The connecting elements 60 stabilize adjacent shielding elements 28 in a direction transverse to the shielding surface 12. The connecting elements 60 can therefore also be referred to as transverse stabilizers.

[0077] The connecting elements 62 are in the exemplary embodiment according to the Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 is designed in a roof-like shape, similar to a pitched roof, with the roof pitch varying depending on the distance between two adjacent actuating arms 54. In the exemplary embodiment, the maximum conceivable distance between two adjacent actuating arms 54 corresponds to a shallow roof pitch. The connecting elements 62 can also be referred to as longitudinal stabilizers, as they stabilize adjacent shielding elements 28 in a longitudinal direction (parallel to the shielding surface 12 and perpendicular to the direction of travel / axis 18).

[0078] The connecting elements 60 and 62 are each articulated chains, with any pivot joints / swivel joints in the exemplary embodiment being formed by film hinges. In the exemplary embodiment, the connecting elements 60 and 62 are each designed as a single piece and are deformable in a defined (articulated) manner.

[0079] In addition, spring elements 64 are formed between adjacent actuating arms 54, which prevent extension from the retracted position (compare Fig. 3 and Fig. 5) are intended to support. The spring elements 64 should be in a sufficiently extended position (compare Fig. 2 and Fig. 4) should have as little influence as possible on the movement characteristics of the protective cover 14.

[0080] With reference to the Fig. 6 and Fig. Figure 7 illustrates an exemplary design of the spring elements 64 using side partial views of the protective cover 14. Fig. 6 shows analogous to the Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 an extended position. Fig. 7 shows analogous to the Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 a fixed position.

[0081] The spring elements 64 each have a spring leg 66 with a leg length 70. For example, the spring leg 66 can be produced by bending a section of the actuating leg 54 along a bending edge 72. Such an integral design of a shielding element 28 with integrated spring elements 64 is described in Fig. 8 shown.

[0082] The spring leg 66 has a free end 74 which is turned away from the bending edge 72.

[0083] The spring leg 66 extends from the actuating leg 64 towards the cover legs 52, in particular towards a cover leg 52 of an adjacent shielding element 28. In this way, the free end 74 is positioned relatively far forward on the cover leg 52. A (mean) distance 82 (perpendicular to the axis 18) between the free end 74 and the cover leg 52 opposite it is, for example, less than 100% of the leg length 70. This applies in particular to the relaxed state of the spring leg 66, as shown in Fig. 6 shown.

[0084] In the exemplary embodiment according to the Fig. The bending edge 72 is spaced 6-8 from the rear edge 80 of the actuating leg 54; compare the arrow labeled 84 to illustrate the distance. In other words, the spring leg 66 can be easily obtained from the basic dimensions of the actuating leg 54 due to this offset.

[0085] Parallel to the direction of travel / axis 18 is in Fig. Figure 6 shows a distance of 86 between two adjacent actuating arms 54. The distance 86 can be a maximum distance under the given installation conditions of the protective cover 14. However, it is also possible that the distance 86 will become even greater if the adjacent shielding elements 28 move further apart.

[0086] Within the distance 86, the extension of the spring arm 66 defines a distance range 88 and an approach range 90. If the given distance 86 between the two adjacent actuating arms 54 is within the approach range 90, the spring arm 66 can act with its free end 74 on an opposite actuating arm 54 to push the two adjacent actuating arms 54 apart. If the given distance 86 between the two adjacent actuating arms 54 is within the distance range 88 (i.e., outside the approach range 90), the spring arm 66 cannot act on the actuating arm 54, which is then sufficiently spaced apart. In this way, it is ensured that the spring elements 66, in the extended state, do not adversely affect the movement of the protective cover 14.Nevertheless, in exemplary embodiments, in the maximally spaced state, a forceless or low-force contact between the spring element 64 and an adjacent actuating leg 54 may well occur. Fig. Figure 6 further shows a currently given overlap between the partially overlapping cover legs 52 of adjacent shielding elements 28.

[0087] In the Fig. In the state shown in Figure 7, the protective cover 14 is driven "to a block", the resulting block dimension corresponds to the installation space occupied by the protective cover 14 in the direction of travel (along the axis 18), see also Figure 7. Fig. 3 and Fig. 5. In this state, the distance between adjacent actuating arms 54 corresponds to a minimum gap width 96. The minimum gap width 96 should, as far as possible, not be influenced by the spring elements 66 with the spring arms 64. In the Fig. The state shown in Figure 7 shows adjacent shielding elements 28 in the approach area 90 (compare Figure 7). Fig. 6), so that the spring arms 66 can exert a force on opposing actuating arms 54. In the exemplary embodiment, the minimum gap width 96 is primarily influenced by the connecting elements 60, 62 and not by a block length of the spring elements 64. Thus, the spring elements 64 have no adverse effect on the possible travel distance of the protective cover 14.

[0088] Fig. Figure 8 shows that, in the exemplary embodiment, the bending edge 72 is formed within a recess 98, offset from the rear edge 80 in the actuating leg 54. The spring leg 66 of the spring element 64 is integrally manufactured with the actuating leg 54 as a bent tab 100. If the bent tab 100 were unfolded, it would extend within the recess 98 and, in particular, would not project beyond the rear edge 80 of the actuating leg 54. In this way, the spring elements 64 can be integrated into the actuating legs 54 of the shielding elements 28 without requiring any additional material.

[0089] With reference to the Fig. 9 and Fig. Figure 10 illustrates an alternative approach to providing a shielding element 128. Several such shielding elements 128 can be arranged analogously to the designs according to the Fig. 1-8 be part of a protective cover 14. This approach shows that not every shielding element needs to be equipped with a spring element.

[0090] The shielding element 128 comprises a cover leg 152 and an actuating leg 154. The actuating leg 154 carries spring elements 164, which in the exemplary embodiment each have two spring legs 166, 168, arranged on opposite sides of the actuating leg 154. Fig. Figure 10 shows a perspective view of such a spring element 164, which is manufactured as a separate part.

[0091] The spring elements 164 have fastening sections 172, which in the exemplary embodiment are designed as fastening clips. In other words, the spring elements 164 can be placed under preload onto the actuating arms 154 and, with their fastening sections 172, pushed against a rear edge 180 until they reach their stop. In this way, a frictional locking mechanism can be achieved. Additionally, a material-bonded locking mechanism can be used, for example, by welding or riveting. Locking by adhesive bonding is also conceivable in principle.

[0092] Furthermore, securing the position of the spring elements 164 by plastic deformation is conceivable, for example by means of crimping. An example of this is a targeted hammer blow to a pointed mandrel that is placed on the fastening section 172.

[0093] The spring elements 164 each have two spring legs 166, 168, so that starting from the one in Fig. The shielding element 128 shown in Figure 9 allows contact with two further, adjacent actuating legs 154. It is understood that a spring element designed as a separate part can also be used with only one spring leg.

[0094] Fig. Figure 11 shows a partial sectional view through a shielding element 128 with an attached spring element 164. The illustration according to Fig. 11 basically corresponds to that of Fig. 9. However, the spring element 164 with its mounting section 172 sits within a recess 198 on the actuating leg 154, which is provided in the rear edge 180. In this way, the spring legs 166, 168 can move closer to the cover legs 152, resulting in a more favorable force transmission when pushing apart adjacent shielding elements 128.

[0095] In Fig. In Figure 11, the bending edges of the spring element 164 are designated 174. Each bending edge 174 has a bending radius 176, which is determined, for example, by the bending tool. Contrary to the illustration in Figure 11, the bending edges 174 are defined as follows: Fig. 11. It is conceivable to design the bending edges 174 with a comparatively large bending radius 176, for example, with a bending radius 176 of at least 3.0 mm, preferably with a bending radius 176 of at least 8.0 mm, 15.0 mm, or even 25.0 mm. The larger the bending radius 176 is chosen, the lower the stress on the bending edge 176 during deformation of the spring element 164. In this way, the service life of the spring element 164 can be increased. It is understood that all of the spring elements shown herein can be provided with correspondingly soft bending edges with considerable bending radii. With a large bending radius 176, the spring legs 166, 168 are curved, at least in sections.

[0096] Fig. Figure 12 shows another exemplary embodiment of a spring element 264 manufactured as a separate part. The spring element 264 has two spring legs 266, 268 facing away from each other and a mounting section 272 in which a recess 274 is provided. The spring element 264 can be mounted onto an actuating leg 154 by means of the mounting section 272 (compare Figure 12). Fig. 9) a shielding element 128 is attached. The recess 274 can be used for securing the component in position, for example by means of rivets or the like, whereby corresponding recesses must also be provided in the actuating leg 154.

[0097] Fig. Figure 13 shows another exemplary embodiment of a spring element 364 manufactured as a separate part. The spring element 364 has two spring legs 366, 368 facing away from each other and a mounting section 372 in which a recess 374 is provided. The spring element 364 can be mounted onto an actuating leg 154 by means of the mounting section 372 (compare Figure 13). Fig. 9) a shielding element 128 is attached. The recess 374 can be used for positioning purposes. The recess 374 defines a deformable tab 380. In its deformed state, the tab 380 protrudes through a corresponding recess in the actuating arm 154 when the spring element 364 is mounted. A pre-formed deformation of the tab 380 can be used for the permanent fixation of the spring element 364.

[0098] Fig. Figure 14 shows another exemplary embodiment of a spring element 464 manufactured as a separate part. The spring element 464 has two spring legs 466, 468 facing away from each other and a mounting section 472 in which a recess 474 is provided. The spring element 464 can be mounted onto an actuating leg 154 by means of the mounting section 472 (see Figure 14). Fig. 9) a shielding element 128 is attached. The recess 474 can be used for positioning purposes. The recess 474 defines a deformable tab 480. In its deformed state, the tab 480 protrudes through a corresponding recess in the actuating arm 154. Plastic deformation of the tab 480 can be used for the permanent fixation of the spring element 464.

[0099] The fastening of the in Fig. 13 and Fig. The 14 variants of the spring elements 364, 464 shown on the actuating arms 154 can thus be achieved by engaging the tabs 380, 480 in pre-planned recesses in the actuating arms 154. In this way, a deformation of the tabs 380, 480 (either pre-introduced or generated in the assembled state) can be used to engage them in the recesses, thereby securing the spring element 364, 464 under preload and / or positive locking.

[0100] Fig. Figure 13 indicates a primarily friction-based locking mechanism (tab 380 is already pre-deformed). When inserted into a recess in the actuating arm 154, the tab 380 can snap into place under pre-tension. Fig. Figure 14 indicates a tab 480 which is initially undeformed, which can be plastically deformed after the spring element 464 is placed on the actuating leg 154 and can dip into a corresponding recess to secure the spring element 464 to the actuating leg 154.

[0101] With reference to the Fig. 15 and Fig. Figure 16 illustrates a further exemplary embodiment of a spring element 564. The view according to Fig. 15 is based on the arrangement according to Fig. 6, so that to avoid repetition, reference is made to the description there. Fig. Figure 16 shows a reversed view of the side view rotated by 90°. Fig. 15.

[0102] In a manner already described above, the Fig. 14 and Fig. 15 a protective cover 14 with a plurality of shielding elements 528, each having a cover leg 552 and an actuating leg 554. Analogous to the design according to Fig. 6 connecting elements 60, 62 are arranged between adjacent actuating legs 554.

[0103] Additionally, one or more spring elements 564 are arranged on at least some of the shielding elements 528 on the respective actuating arm 554. Taken together, the Fig. 15 and Fig. Figure 16 shows that the spring elements 564 are rotated by 90° in contrast to the previously illustrated spring elements 64, 164, 264, 364, 464. With this arrangement, adjacent actuating arms 554, which are moved close together, can also be pushed apart to assist the movement of the protective cover 14 from the retracted position to the extended position. Compare also the axis designated 18 in the Fig. 15 and Fig. 16, which illustrates the direction of movement.

[0104] The spring elements 564 each have a spring leg 566 and a mounting section 572. In the exemplary embodiment, two spring elements 564 with their mounting sections 572 are attached back-to-back on opposite sides of an actuating leg 554. It is understood that two such spring elements 564 can also be combined into one part, analogous to the spring elements 164, 264, 364, 464 described above.

[0105] The rear view according to Fig. Figure 16 shows a side view of the spring elements 564 in the given orientation. A bending edge 574 with a bending radius 576 is formed between the spring leg 566 and the mounting section 572. In exemplary embodiments, the bending radius 576 is comparatively large, for example at least 3.0 mm, at least 8.0 mm or larger. This can have a beneficial effect on the service life of the spring elements 564.

[0106] In the exemplary embodiment according to the Fig. 15 and Fig. 16. The spring elements 564 are each attached to the actuating arm 554 via fastening elements 582. This can, for example, include fastening by means of rivets. In the case of two adjacent spring elements 564, they can be attached to the same actuating arm 554 via shared fastening elements 582.

[0107] Basically, the in the Fig. 15 and Fig. The design shown, tilted by 90°, is also feasible with spring elements manufactured integrally with the cover legs (see also [reference]). Fig. 8. The bending edge can therefore be oriented parallel to axis 18 or perpendicular to it.

[0108] The arrangement of the spring elements 564 tilted by 90° is suitable, for example, for shielding elements 528 with comparatively short actuating arms 554. However, this should not be understood as a limitation. QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] EP 4 046 747 A2

[0002] EP 4 140 642 A1

[0003]

Claims

[1] Protective cover (14, 16) with a plurality of interconnected shielding elements (28, 30; 40, 42; 128, 528), each having a cover leg (52, 152, 552) and an actuating leg (54, 154, 554) angled relative to the cover leg (52, 152, 552), wherein the actuating legs (54, 154, 554) of adjacent shielding elements (28, 30; 40, 42; 128, 528) are coupled to each other at least sectionally by at least one deformable connecting element (60, 62), wherein the shielding elements (28, 30; 40, 42; 128, 528) are arranged in a row while maintaining an overlap (92) between adjacent cover legs (52, 152, 552), and wherein the shielding elements (28, 30; 40, 42; 128, 528) are movable between a retracted position in which adjacent actuating legs (54, 154, 554) are close together and an extended position in which the adjacent actuating legs (54, 154, 554) are spaced apart, characterized by , that at least some of the actuating arms (54, 154, 554) each carry at least one spring element (64, 164, 264, 364, 464, 564) which acts on an opposite actuating arm (54, 154, 554) of an adjacent shielding element (28, 30; 40, 42; 128, 528) when the shielding elements (28, 30; 40, 42; 128, 528) are located relative to each other in an approach range (90) encompassing the retracted position, and is spaced apart from the opposite actuating arm (54, 154, 554) when the shielding elements (28, 30; 40, 42; 128, 528) are located relative to each other in a distance range encompassing the extended position (88) are located. [2] Protective cover (14, 16) according to claim 1, characterized by , that the spring elements (64, 164, 264, 364, 464, 564) are designed such that the spring elements (64, 164, 264, 364, 464, 564) push adjacent actuating legs (54, 154, 554) apart in the approach area (90). [3] Protective cover (14, 16) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by , that the spring elements (64, 164, 264, 364, 464, 564) each have at least one spring leg (66; 166, 168; 266, 268; 366, 368; 466, 468; 566) which is inclined relative to the actuating leg (54, 154, 554). [4] Protective cover (14, 16) according to claim 3, characterized by , that at least one spring leg (66; 166, 168; 266, 268; 366, 368; 466, 468; 566) extends from the actuating leg (54, 154, 554) towards the cover leg (52, 152, 552) or substantially parallel thereto. [5] Protective cover (14, 16) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by, that at least one spring leg (66; 166, 168; 266, 268; 366, 368; 466, 468; 566) adjoins a bending edge (72, 174, 574), and that the bending edge (72, 174, 574) has a bending radius (176, 576) of at least 3.0 mm, preferably a bending radius (176, 576) of at least 8.0 mm, more preferably a bending radius (176, 576) of at least 15.0 mm, and even more preferably a bending radius (176, 576) of at least 25.0 mm. [6] Protective cover (14, 16) according to one of claims 3-5, characterized by , that the bending edge (72, 174, 574) extends substantially parallel or orthogonal to a direction of travel (18, 20) of the protective cover (14, 16). [7] Protective cover (14, 16) according to one of claims 3-6, characterized by , that the actuating leg (54, 154, 554) has a leg length (70), and that the spring leg (66; 166, 168; 266, 268; 366, 368; 466, 468; 566) has a free end (74) which is spaced from the cover leg (52, 152, 552) by an amount of at most 100% of the leg length (70), preferably by an amount of at most 50% of the leg length (70). [8] Protective cover (14, 16) according to one of claims 3-7, characterized by , that the spring elements (64, 164, 264, 364, 464, 564) are each designed as a leaf spring with at least one free spring leg (66; 166, 168; 266, 268; 366, 368; 466, 468; 566). [9] Protective cover (14, 16) according to one of claims 3-8, characterized by, that a block length of the spring elements (64, 164, 264, 364, 464, 564) is less than or equal to a minimum gap width (96) between two adjacent actuating arms (54, 154, 554) between which at least one spring arm (66; 166, 168; 266, 268; 366, 368; 466, 468; 566) is arranged, wherein the minimum gap width (96) corresponds to the distance between two adjacent actuating arms (54, 154, 554) in the retracted position. [10] Protective cover (14, 16) according to one of claims 3-9, characterized by , that at least the spring leg (66; 166, 168; 266, 268; 366, 368; 466, 468; 566) is formed from a spring band made of steel material, in particular from stainless spring steel. [11] Protective cover (14, 16) according to one of claims 3-10, characterized by, that at least some of the spring elements (64, 164, 264, 364, 464, 564) have a first spring leg (166, 266, 366, 466) and a second spring leg (168, 268, 368, 468) which are arranged on opposite sides of the actuating leg (54, 154, 554) which carries the spring element (64, 164, 264, 364, 464, 564). [12] Protective cover (14, 16) according to one of claims 1-11, characterized by , that at least some of the spring elements (64) are each integrally manufactured with the actuating arm (54, 154, 554). [13] Protective cover (14, 16) according to claim 12, characterized by , that the spring elements (64) have at least one curved tab (100) which forms at least one spring leg (66) and extends towards the cover leg (52, 152, 552) or substantially parallel thereto. [14] Protective cover (14, 16) according to claim 13, characterized by, that at least one curved tab (100) is obtained from the actuating leg (54, 154, 554), wherein a bending edge (72) is offset at least by a length of the curved tab (100) from a rear edge (80) of the actuating leg (54, 154, 554). [15] Protective cover (14, 16) according to one of claims 1-14, characterized by , that at least some of the spring elements (164, 264, 364, 464, 564) are manufactured as separate parts and are attached or attachable to the actuating arm (54, 154, 554). [16] Protective cover (14, 16) according to claim 15, characterized by , that the spring elements (164, 264, 364, 464, 564) have a fastening section (172, 272, 372, 472, 572) for fastening to the actuating leg (54, 154, 554). [17] Machine tool with a protective cover (14, 16) according to one of claims 1-16. [18] Use of a spring element (64, 164, 264, 364, 464, 564) in a protective cover (14, 16) with a plurality of interconnected shielding elements (28, 30; 40, 42; 128, 528) each having a cover leg (52, 152, 552) and an actuating leg (54, 154, 554) angled relative to the cover leg (52, 152, 552), wherein the actuating legs (54, 154, 554) of adjacent shielding elements (28, 30; 40, 42; 128, 528) are coupled to each other at least sectionally by at least one deformable connecting element (60, 62), wherein the shielding elements (28, 30; 40, 42; 128, 528) are arranged in a row while maintaining an overlap between adjacent cover legs (52, 152, 552), and wherein the shielding elements (28, 30; 40, 42; 128, 528) are movable between a retracted position in which adjacent actuating legs (54, 154, 554) are close together and an extended position in which the adjacent actuating legs (54, 154, 554) are spaced apart, characterized by , that the spring element (64, 164, 264, 364, 464, 564) is attached to at least one of the actuating arms (54, 154, 554), and that the spring element (64, 164, 264, 364, 464, 564) acts on at least one opposite actuating leg (54, 154, 554) of an adjacent shielding element (28, 30; 40, 42; 128, 528) when the shielding elements (28, 30; 40, 42; 128, 528) are located relative to each other in an approach range (90) encompassing the retracted position, and is spaced away from the opposite actuating leg (54, 154, 554) when the shielding elements (28, 30; 40, 42; 128, 528) are located relative to each other in a distance range (88) encompassing the extended position.

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