Nozzle device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a nozzle device (100), in particular for introducing a fluid medium into a mixing section (146) of a jet pump device (144), wherein the nozzle device (100) comprises: a base body (102) in which a flow passage (114) is formed between an inlet opening (108) and an outlet opening (112), through which a fluid medium can be guided and which has a flow cross-sectional area; and an aperture element (104) which can be arranged or is arranged in the flow passage (114) and in which an aperture opening (120) is formed, through which the fluid medium can be guided, wherein the aperture opening (120) has an opening cross-sectional area that is smaller than the flow cross-sectional area. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a jet pump device (144), in particular for a fuel cell device (156), and a fuel cell device (156), in particular for a motor vehicle.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a nozzle device and in particular a nozzle device for introducing a fluid medium into a mixing section of a jet pump device.

[0002] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a jet pump device, in particular for a fuel cell device, and a fuel cell device, in particular for a motor vehicle.

[0003] In fuel cell devices, gases or gas mixtures can be passively conveyed for recirculation, particularly on the anode side. This can be achieved, for example, using jet pumps, which typically incorporate Laval nozzles or nozzles with tapered cross-sections. Fresh gas or gas mixture can be added through these nozzles, simultaneously driving the recirculation. These nozzles are usually machined from a single piece, for example, by drilling and / or turning. Especially with smaller recirculated flows, the smallest nozzle cross-section, with its very tight manufacturing tolerances, can pose a challenge, as deviations in this cross-section can cause significant changes in the operating behavior of the recirculation path, which can also negatively impact the overall performance of the fuel cell device.

[0004] The present invention is therefore based on the objective of providing an improved nozzle device which is preferably easy and precise to manufacture and which in particular enables stable operating behavior of a fuel cell device.

[0005] This problem is solved according to the invention by the features of the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments are described in the dependent claims.

[0006] A nozzle device according to the invention has a base body in which a flow passage is formed between an inlet opening and an outlet opening, through which a fluid medium can be guided and which has a flow cross-sectional area, wherein the nozzle device further has an aperture element which can be arranged or is arranged in the flow passage and in which an aperture opening is formed through which the fluid medium can be guided, wherein the aperture opening has an opening cross-sectional area that is smaller than the flow cross-sectional area.

[0007] In particular, it may be provided that the nozzle device serves to introduce a fluid medium into a mixing section of a jet pump device.

[0008] The fluid medium in question may be a gas, preferably an anode gas and / or a cathode gas. An anode gas may preferably be a fuel gas, for example hydrogen, and / or a cathode gas may preferably be an oxidizing agent, for example oxygen and / or air.

[0009] It may be provided that the nozzle device, and in particular the base body, has a longitudinal central axis which is oriented transversely and in particular perpendicularly to the inlet opening and / or the outlet opening.

[0010] It may be provided that the fluid medium flows from the inlet opening to the outlet opening. For example, the flow direction may run essentially parallel to the longitudinal center axis of the nozzle device, and in particular of the base body.

[0011] Preferably, the aperture opening can be oriented transversely and, in particular, perpendicularly to the flow direction and / or the longitudinal center axis.

[0012] It may be designed so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the passage varies along the flow direction and / or the longitudinal center axis. For example, the flow passage may narrow and / or widen.

[0013] It may be provided that the base body and / or the aperture element is / are essentially rotationally symmetrical. For example, rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal center axis of the nozzle device.

[0014] Preferably, the inlet opening and the outlet opening of the base body can be provided at respective ends of the base body in an axial direction and / or arranged opposite each other.

[0015] It may be provided that the flow passage of the base body has a substantially circular cross-section and / or that the aperture of the aperture element has a substantially circular cross-section. Alternatively, the aperture of the aperture element may also have a substantially non-circular cross-section, e.g., an elliptical, triangular, quadrilateral, polygonal, star-shaped, and / or cross-shaped cross-section. It is conceivable that the star-shaped and / or cross-shaped cross-section has three or more arms that can project from a central point.

[0016] It may be intended that the aperture element is a component separate from the main body.

[0017] It may be provided that the aperture element is held to and / or in the base body by a form-fit and / or force-fit connection.

[0018] For example, it may be provided that the aperture element is held and / or fixed to and / or in the base body by a mechanical locking mechanism and / or a mechanical interlocking of the aperture element and the base body.

[0019] For example, it may be additionally or alternatively provided that the aperture element is held and / or fixed to and / or in the base body by a clamping force and / or a clamping force and / or a contact pressure.

[0020] For example, it may be designed so that the aperture element can be removed from and / or installed in the base body without damage. For example, removing and / or installing the aperture element from and / or into the base body should not result in any destruction or damage to the base body or the aperture element.

[0021] It may be provided that the base body is formed in multiple parts and has at least a first base body section and a second base body section, which are arranged next to each other and preferably attached.

[0022] For example, the basic body can be formed by the first basic body section and the second basic body section.

[0023] It may be provided that the first basic body section and the second basic body section are arranged consecutively, in particular along a longitudinal central axis.

[0024] For example, the first basic body section and the second basic body section can be arranged consecutively to form the flow path along one or the longitudinal center axis.

[0025] For example, the longitudinal center axis can be oriented essentially parallel to the direction of flow.

[0026] It may be provided that the aperture element is arranged between the first and the second basic body section of the basic body.

[0027] In particular, it can be provided that the first basic body section comprises a section that tapers along one or the flow direction of the fluid medium and the second basic body section comprises a section that widens along the flow direction, with the aperture element being arranged between the tapering section and the widening section.

[0028] Preferably, the tapered section and / or the widening section can refer to the flow passage for the fluid medium.

[0029] For example, the cross-sectional area through which the flow passes through the tapering section may decrease along the direction of flow, for example proportionally or disproportionately, and / or the cross-sectional area through which the flow passes the widening section may increase along the direction of flow, for example proportionally or disproportionately.

[0030] For example, the aperture element can be located in a transition area from the tapering section to the widening section.

[0031] For example, the aperture element can be located directly on the tapered section and / or the widening section can be located directly on the aperture element.

[0032] It may be provided that the fluid medium first passes through the narrowing section during operation, then the aperture element, in particular its aperture opening, and subsequently the widening section.

[0033] For example, the tapered section with its minimum cross-section may be arranged adjacent to the minimum cross-section of the widening section. Preferably, this area can be the transition region in which the aperture element can be or is already arranged.

[0034] It may be provided that the first and second basic body sections are attached to each other in a form-fitting and / or material-fitting manner.

[0035] Preferably, the first and second basic body sections can be separated from each other without damage, for example to be able to arrange and / or install the aperture element between the two basic body sections and / or to remove it.

[0036] In particular, it may be provided that one of the base body sections is screwed and / or shrunk onto the other of the base body sections.

[0037] For example, it may be provided that the base body sections have corresponding threaded sections by means of which the base body sections can be fastened to each other.

[0038] For example, one of the base body sections may have an internal thread section and the other of the base body sections may have an external thread section.

[0039] Additionally or alternatively, it can be provided, for example, that the base body sections are subject to different temperature settings or temperature control during manufacturing and are subsequently positioned or placed next to each other as intended, with the aperture element being arranged between the base body sections, so that after cooling of the base body sections the base body is formed and the aperture element is arranged in the base body.

[0040] In particular, it may be provided that each basic body section has a contact surface at an axial end for positioning the aperture element.

[0041] For example, the aperture element can be arranged on the respective contact surfaces of the base body sections when the base body sections are attached to one another. It is understood that the base body sections are preferably in their intended final position.

[0042] It may be provided that the opening cross-sectional area is smaller by at least a factor of two, in particular by at least a factor of three, than the passage cross-sectional area in the area of ​​the flow passage, which is particularly directly adjacent to the aperture element.

[0043] For example, it may be provided that the opening cross-sectional area is at least two times smaller, in particular at least three times smaller, than the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the tapering section and / or that the opening cross-sectional area is at least two times smaller, in particular at least three times smaller, than the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the widening section.

[0044] It may be provided that the aperture opening of the aperture element has a diameter in the range of 5 mm to 0.1 mm, in particular from 4 mm to 0.1 mm, preferably from 3 mm to 0.1 mm.

[0045] For example, it may additionally or alternatively be provided that the aperture opening of the aperture element has a diameter in the range of 1 mm to 0.1 mm, in particular from 0.5 mm to 0.1 mm, preferably from 0.5 mm to 0.2 mm.

[0046] For example, the diameter of the aperture may have a tolerance range of ± 20%, for example ± 10%, for example ± 5%.

[0047] It may be provided that the aperture element has a sheet metal element, particularly a metallic one, and / or is designed as such.

[0048] It may be provided in particular that the aperture element can be manufactured or is manufactured from a preferably non-stainless steel, in particular by machining and / or by means of a laser.

[0049] It can be provided that the aperture element has a material thickness of 2 mm, in particular 1 mm, preferably 0.75 mm.

[0050] For example, the material thickness of the aperture element may have a tolerance range of ± 20%, for example ± 10%, for example ± 5%.

[0051] Preferably, the material thickness can refer to an extension of the aperture element which is oriented transversely and, in particular, perpendicularly to the aperture opening.

[0052] The present invention further provides a jet pump device.

[0053] The jet pump device comprises at least the following: a mixing section for mixing a first fluid medium stream, in particular a motive medium stream, and a second fluid medium stream, in particular a recirculation medium stream; a fluid medium supply device for supplying the second fluid medium stream into the mixing section; and a nozzle device for introducing the first fluid medium stream into the mixing section.

[0054] Preferably, the nozzle device can be a nozzle device according to the preceding and / or following description.

[0055] All structural and functional features associated with the previously described nozzle device and / or its embodiments can also be included in the jet pump device according to the invention, either individually or in combination, and the associated properties, configurations, and advantages can likewise be included and achieved. It is further understood that the reverse is also true.

[0056] The jet pump device may preferably be suitable for and / or provided for in a fuel cell device.

[0057] The first fluid medium stream, and in particular the motive medium stream, can preferably be the fluid medium already described and / or comprise gaseous hydrogen and / or be formed from gaseous hydrogen.

[0058] The second fluid medium stream, and in particular the recirculation medium stream, may preferably comprise gaseous hydrogen and / or be formed from it.

[0059] For example, the second fluid medium flow, and in particular the recirculation medium flow, can be a fluid flow of unused fuel gas, which is directed from a fuel cell unit into the mixing section of the jet pump device, in particular through the fluid medium supply device.

[0060] The jet pump device may be provided to have a longitudinal central axis, which may preferably be substantially parallel to and / or coincide with the longitudinal central axis of the nozzle arrangement.

[0061] Furthermore, the longitudinal center axis of the jet pump device can be an axis of symmetry of the mixing section and / or be oriented essentially parallel to a longitudinal extent of the mixing section.

[0062] The jet pump device may include a diffuser for further mixing of the first fluid medium stream, and in particular the motive medium stream, and the second fluid medium stream, and in particular the recirculation medium stream.

[0063] For example, it may be provided that the diffuser is arranged at one end of the jet pump device facing away from the nozzle device and / or forms such an end.

[0064] Preferably, the diffuser can serve to swirl and / or mix the first fluid medium flow, and in particular the driving medium flow, and the second fluid medium flow, and in particular the recirculation medium flow.

[0065] It may be provided that the longitudinal center axis of the jet pump device is an axis of symmetry of the diffuser and / or is oriented essentially parallel to a longitudinal extension of the diffuser.

[0066] It can be provided that the fluid medium supply device opens transversely and, in particular, perpendicularly into the mixing section. For example, the supply direction of the second fluid medium flow can be oriented transversely and, in particular, perpendicular to a flow direction of the nozzle device.

[0067] The present invention further provides a fuel cell device.

[0068] The fuel cell device according to the invention preferably comprises a nozzle device according to the preceding and / or following description and / or a jet pump device according to the preceding and / or following description.

[0069] All structural and functional features associated with the previously described nozzle device and / or jet pump device and / or their embodiments can also be included in the fuel cell device according to the invention, either alone or in combination, and the associated properties, configurations, and advantages can accordingly also be included and achieved. It is further understood that the reverse is also true.

[0070] The fuel cell device may preferably be suitable for a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, and / or be provided in such a vehicle.

[0071] Additionally or alternatively, the fuel cell device may also be suitable for, or intended for, less transient applications and / or be included in such applications.

[0072] For example, such a less transient use case may be and / or include at least one of the following: stationary use cases, in particular stationary energy supply (e.g., building heating and / or cooling, power generation for remote locations, emergency generators, etc.); and / or logistics vehicles (e.g., forklifts, warehouse vehicles, etc.), for example, in warehouses and / or storage facilities; and / or range extenders for vehicles (e.g., electric vehicles and / or hybrid vehicles); and / or maritime use cases (e.g., ships, yachts, ferries, etc.); and / or telecommunications and / or network infrastructure (e.g., as backup systems for mobile phone masts, base stations, and / or data centers, etc.).

[0073] The fuel cell device may include a fuel cell unit and a piping system comprising a recirculation line on the anode side, in which the nozzle device and / or the jet pump device is arranged.

[0074] Furthermore, the present invention may relate, for example, to a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, wherein the vehicle may have the fuel cell device and / or the jet pump device described herein.

[0075] The motor vehicle can be, for example, a road vehicle, a watercraft or a rail vehicle.

[0076] Further preferred features and / or advantages of the present invention are the subject of the following description and the graphic representation of exemplary embodiments.

[0077] The drawings show: Fig. 1 a schematic sectional view of a nozzle device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 a schematic sectional view of a jet pump device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and Fig. 3 a schematic sectional view of a fuel cell device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0078] Identical or functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference symbols in all figures.

[0079] Referring to Fig. 1 is a nozzle device 100 according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0080] Preferably, the nozzle device 100 can serve to introduce a fluid medium into a mixing section 146 of a jet pump device 144.

[0081] The nozzle device 100 has a base body 102 and an aperture element 104.

[0082] The aperture element 104 is a component separate from the base body 102.

[0083] The aperture element 104 comprises a metallic sheet metal element and / or is designed as such. The aperture element 104 can be manufactured or is manufactured from a preferably stainless steel. In particular, the aperture element 104 can be manufactured or is manufactured by machining and / or by laser.

[0084] The basic body 102 has an inlet opening 108 at a first end 106 and an outlet opening 112 at a second end 110.

[0085] Preferably, the inlet opening 108 and the outlet opening 112 are provided at the respective ends 106, 110 of the base body 102 in an axial direction and are arranged opposite each other.

[0086] A flow passage 114 is formed in the base body 102 between the inlet opening 108 and the outlet opening 112.

[0087] The flow passage 114 extends through the entire base body 102, preferably from the first end 106 to the second end 110.

[0088] The flow passage 114 has a cross-sectional area.

[0089] A fluid medium can be guided through the flow passage 114.

[0090] The fluid medium is preferably a gas, for example an anode gas. An anode gas can preferably be a fuel gas, for example hydrogen.

[0091] The base body 102 has a longitudinal central axis 116, which is oriented transversely and, in this case, perpendicularly to the inlet opening 108 and the outlet opening 112.

[0092] In the present case, the longitudinal center axis 116 of the base body 102 can be seen as the longitudinal center axis of the nozzle device 100 as a whole.

[0093] A flow direction 118 of the fluid medium is oriented from the inlet opening 108 to the outlet opening 112. Preferably, the flow direction 118 can run substantially parallel to the longitudinal center axis 116 of the nozzle device 100 and, in particular, of the base body 102.

[0094] The aperture element 104 is arranged in the flow passage 114 and has an aperture opening 120, which is preferably formed centrally and / or in the middle of the aperture element 104.

[0095] Preferably, the aperture opening 120 of the aperture element 104 is oriented transversely and, in this case, perpendicularly to the flow direction 118 and the longitudinal center axis 116.

[0096] The fluid medium in question can be guided through the aperture opening 120 of the aperture element 104 and / or can flow through it during operation.

[0097] Preferably, the aperture opening 120 of the aperture element 104 has a diameter in the range of 5 mm to 0.1 mm, in particular from 1 mm to 0.1 mm, preferably from 0.5 mm to 0.1 mm, for example from 0.5 mm to 0.2 mm, wherein the diameter of the aperture opening 120 can have a tolerance range of ± 20%, for example ± 10%, for example ± 5%.

[0098] As in Fig. As can be seen from Figure 1, the aperture 120 has an opening cross-sectional area that is smaller than the passage cross-sectional area of ​​the flow passage 114.

[0099] In particular, the aperture 120 has an aperture cross-sectional area that is smaller than the passage cross-sectional area at the narrowest point of the flow passage 114.

[0100] Preferably, the flow passage 114 has a substantially circular cross-section and the aperture 120 has a substantially circular cross-section. This means that the aperture cross-sectional area and the passage cross-sectional area can preferably each be a substantially circular area. However, it should be understood that other cross-sectional shapes, and thus areas, are also conceivable.

[0101] Overall, the base body 102 and the aperture element 104 are essentially rotationally symmetric, preferably rotationally symmetric with respect to the longitudinal center axis 116 of the nozzle device 100. For example, the longitudinal center axis 116 can be an axis of symmetry of the base body 102 and / or the aperture element 104.

[0102] In particular, the flow passage 114 is also essentially rotationally symmetric in the base body 102, preferably rotationally symmetric with respect to the longitudinal center axis 116 of the nozzle device 100.

[0103] In the present embodiment, the aperture element 104 is held in the base body 102 in a form-fitting and force-fitting manner.

[0104] As from Fig. As can be seen in Figure 1, the base body 102 is formed in multiple parts and in this case has a first base body section 122 and a second base body section 124.

[0105] The first basic body section 122 and the second basic body section 124 can be arranged together and are arranged in the present case, and can also be fastened together and are fastened in the present case.

[0106] When arranged and fastened together, the first basic body section 122 and the second basic body section 124 form the basic body 102.

[0107] The first basic body section 122 and the second basic body section 124 are arranged successively along the longitudinal central axis 116, so that the flow passage 114 is also formed along the longitudinal central axis 116.

[0108] Along the flow direction 118, the first basic body section 122 and then the second basic body section 124 are arranged.

[0109] The aperture element 104 is arranged between the first and the second basic body section 122, 124 of the basic body 102.

[0110] In the present case, a receiving recess 126 is formed on each of the first and second basic body sections 122, 124 at a respective end face 128, 130 of the basic body sections 122, 124.

[0111] The receiving recesses 126 serve to receive and / or to arrange and / or to center the aperture element 104 between the two basic body sections 122, 124.

[0112] The receiving recesses 126 provide contact surfaces at the axial ends of the base body sections 122, 124 for positioning the aperture element 104. For example, these contact surfaces can be formed by a base surface of the receiving recesses 126.

[0113] Preferably, the receiving recesses 126 can be formed corresponding to an outer contour of the aperture element 104, in this case essentially circular.

[0114] Preferably, the sum of both depths, for example, the depths along the longitudinal center axis 116, of the receiving recesses 126 can substantially correspond to or be less than the material thickness of the aperture element 104, so that the two base body sections 122, 124, when arranged and fastened together, can exert a clamping force and / or a clamping force and / or a contact pressure on the aperture element 104.

[0115] Preferably the aperture element 104 has a material thickness of 2 mm, in particular of 1 mm, preferably of 0.75 mm, wherein the material thickness can have a tolerance range of ± 20%, for example ± 10%, for example ± 5%.

[0116] Preferably, the sum of the depths of both receiving recesses 126 can be less than or equal to this material thickness. Preferably, the respective depths can be the same or different.

[0117] It is understood that the material thickness refers to an extension of the aperture element 104 which is oriented transversely and, in particular, perpendicularly to the aperture opening 120.

[0118] As in Fig. As can be seen in Figure 1, the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow passage 114 of the base body 102 is variable along the flow direction 118 and / or the longitudinal center axis 116. Preferably, the flow passage 116 narrows and then widens again.

[0119] In the present embodiment, the flow passage 116 starting from the inlet opening 108 is initially constant, then the flow passage 116 narrows and then widens again.

[0120] The first basic body section 122 has a section 132 which runs constantly along the flow direction 118 of the fluid medium and a section 134 which tapers along the flow direction 118 of the fluid medium.

[0121] The second basic body section 124 has a section 136 that widens along the flow direction 118.

[0122] It is understood that the constant section 132, the tapering section 134 and the widening section 136 of the basic body sections 122, 124 each refer to the flow passage 114 and / or define the contour of the flow passage 114.

[0123] In the present case, the cross-sectional area through which the flow passes through the tapering section 134 decreases along the flow direction 118, for example proportionally, and the cross-sectional area through which the flow passes through the widening section 136 increases along the flow direction 118, also for example proportionally.

[0124] It is conceivable that the constant section 132, the tapering section 134 and / or the widening section 136 of the base body sections 122, 124 have a substantially cylindrical and / or frustoconical outer contour. In the present embodiment, the outer contours are substantially cylindrical.

[0125] The aperture element 104 is arranged between the tapered section 134 and the widening section 136.

[0126] In particular, the aperture element 104 is arranged in a transition area 138 from the tapered section 134 to the widening section 136.

[0127] Here, the aperture element 104 is arranged directly on the tapered section 134 and the widening section 136 is arranged directly on the aperture element 104.

[0128] During operation, the fluid medium can thus first pass through the constant section 132, then the tapered section 134, then the aperture element 104, in particular its aperture opening 120, and subsequently the widening section 136.

[0129] As already described, the aperture 120 has an opening cross-sectional area that is smaller than the passage cross-sectional area of ​​the flow passage 114.

[0130] In particular, the opening cross-sectional area is smaller by at least a factor of two, preferably by at least a factor of three, than the passage cross-sectional area in the area of ​​the flow passage 114, which is directly adjacent to the aperture element 104.

[0131] The opening cross-sectional area is preferably at least two, preferably at least three, smaller than the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the tapered section 134.

[0132] Furthermore, the opening cross-sectional area is smaller by at least a factor of two, preferably by at least a factor of three, than the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the expanding section 136.

[0133] The aperture 120 thus forms the smallest point through which the fluid medium can flow, or the narrowest cross-section, within the flow passage 114.

[0134] The first and second basic body sections 122, 124 are attached to each other by a form-fit and / or material-fit connection.

[0135] Furthermore, the first and second basic body sections 122, 124 can be separated from each other without damage, whereby the aperture element 104 can be arranged and / or installed and / or removed from between the two basic body sections 122, 124.

[0136] Advantageously, the aperture element 104 can thus be removed from the base body 102 without damage and / or installed in the base body 102 without damage.

[0137] For example, removing and / or installing the aperture element 104 from and / or into the base body 102 should not result in any destruction and / or damage to the base body 102 and / or the aperture element 104.

[0138] In the present embodiment, the base body sections 122 and 124 are screwed together. Additionally or alternatively, one of the base body sections 124 could also be shrink-fitted onto the other of the base body sections 122.

[0139] For screwing, the base body sections 122, 124 have corresponding threaded sections 140, 142, by means of which the base body sections 122, 124 can be fastened to each other or are already fastened.

[0140] The first base body section 122 has an external thread section 140 and the second base body section 124 has an internal thread section 142, which is designed corresponding to the external thread section 140.

[0141] During manufacturing, the aperture element 104 is first arranged on one of the base body sections 122, 124, preferably in the relevant receiving recess 126.

[0142] Subsequently, the other of the base body sections 122, 124 is screwed to the previously mentioned base body section 122, 124, on which the aperture element 104 is now arranged.

[0143] In this way, the two basic body sections 122, 124, when arranged and fastened together, i.e. in their intended final position, exert a clamping force and / or a clamping force and / or a contact pressure on the aperture element 104 and fix it.

[0144] Advantageously, the multi-part nozzle assembly 100 can be manufactured more easily and precisely, since the individual components 102, 104 of the nozzle assembly 100 can be produced in a targeted manner using different manufacturing processes, taking into account the required manufacturing tolerances. For example, the two base body sections 122, 124 can be manufactured from a single workpiece using turning and / or drilling processes, whereas the aperture element 104 can be manufactured from a single sheet metal part using a laser process. Advantageously, this allows for the tightest manufacturing tolerances of the smallest nozzle cross-section of the nozzle assembly 100, i.e., the aperture opening 120, and unintended deviations of this nozzle cross-section can be avoided, thus preventing unintended changes in operating behavior.For example, by using the nozzle device 100 in a fuel cell device 156, it may be possible to achieve stable operating behavior of this fuel cell device 156.

[0145] Referring to Fig. 2 is a jet pump device 144 according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0146] The jet pump device 144 is preferably suitable for a fuel cell device 156 and / or can be provided in such a device.

[0147] The jet pump device 144 has a mixing section 146, a nozzle device 100, a fluid medium supply device 148 and a diffuser 150.

[0148] The nozzle device 100 from Fig. 2 is essentially configured like the nozzle device 100 from Fig. 1, so that only the differences will be described below.

[0149] In the present case, the second basic body section 124 of the nozzle device 100 has a frustoconical outer contour which tapers in the direction of the flow direction 118 and ends at the outlet opening 112.

[0150] Furthermore, the second basic body section 124 has shrunk onto the first basic body section 122.

[0151] For example, the base body sections 122, 124 can be heated to different degrees during manufacturing and then positioned next to each other as intended, with the aperture element 104 being arranged between the base body sections 122, 124, so that after cooling of the base body sections 122, 124 the base body 102 is formed and the aperture element 104 is arranged and fixed in the base body 102.

[0152] The mixing section 146 serves to mix a first fluid medium stream and a second fluid medium stream.

[0153] The fluid medium supply device 148 serves to supply the second fluid medium flow into the mixing section 146.

[0154] The nozzle device 100 serves to introduce the first fluid medium flow into the mixing section 146.

[0155] The diffuser 150 serves to further mix the first fluid medium stream and the second fluid medium stream.

[0156] As in Fig. As can be seen in Figure 2, the jet pump device 144 has a longitudinal central axis 116, which in the present embodiment coincides with the longitudinal central axis 116 of the nozzle arrangement 100.

[0157] The longitudinal center axis 116 of the jet pump device 100 forms an axis of symmetry of the mixing section 146 and the diffuser 150.

[0158] The diffuser 150 is arranged at one end of the jet pump device 144 facing away from the nozzle device 100.

[0159] The fluid medium supply device 148 opens transversely and, in this case, perpendicularly into the mixing section 146. For example, a supply direction 152 of the second fluid medium flow is oriented transversely and, in this case, perpendicularly to the flow direction 118 of the nozzle device 100.

[0160] In this case, a main flow direction 154 of the jet pump device 100 coincides with the flow direction 118 of the nozzle device 100.

[0161] Using the jet pump device 144, fluid of the second fluid medium flow can be passively conveyed in the main flow direction 154.

[0162] Preferably, the mixing section 146 can serve as an intake tract in which fluid of the first fluid medium flow from the nozzle device 100 flows in and in particular expands and draws in fluid from the fluid medium supply device 148 as suction medium in the form of the second fluid medium flow.

[0163] This makes the described jet pump device 144 particularly suitable for use with passive recirculation in a fuel cell device 156 to drive this recirculation.

[0164] By incorporating the advantageous nozzle device 100 into the jet pump device 144, the advantages of the nozzle device 100 can be attributed equally to the jet pump device 144, so that stable operating behavior of a fuel cell device 156 can also be achieved through the use of this jet pump device 144.

[0165] Referring to Fig. 3 is a fuel cell device 156 according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0166] The fuel cell device 156 includes the steel pump device 144. Fig. 2 and thus also the nozzle device 100 according to the invention.

[0167] Furthermore, the fuel cell device 156 includes a fuel cell unit 158 ​​and a piping system 160.

[0168] The piping system 160 has a recirculation line 162 on the anode side, in and / or on the jet pump device 144.

[0169] Overall, the piping system 160 has an anode-side piping system section 164 for a fuel medium, preferably hydrogen, and a cathode-side piping system section 166 for an oxidation medium, preferably oxygen.

[0170] The piping system sections 164 and 166 are connected to the fuel cell unit 110, as shown by way of example and schematically in Fig. 3 is shown.

[0171] The fuel cell unit 158 ​​comprises at least one fuel cell element, preferably several fuel cell elements, which is / are arranged in an interior space of a housing 168, wherein in the one or more fuel cell elements the fuel medium and the oxidation medium are at least partially chemically converted into a product medium, and in particular electrical energy is thereby provided. For example, the several fuel elements are arranged in one or more stacks.

[0172] By means of the conduit system section 166 for an oxidation medium and in particular a supply line 170 of the conduit system section 166, the oxidation medium can be supplied to a cathode side 172 of the fuel cell unit 158 ​​and the oxidation medium components supplied to the fuel cell unit 158 ​​but not chemically reacted in it can be removed from the fuel cell unit 158 ​​by means of this conduit system section 166 and in particular a drain line 174.

[0173] It is understood that at least one fluid conveying unit can be arranged in the supply line 170, by means of which the fuel cell unit 158 ​​is supplied with the cathode fluid mixture.

[0174] By means of the conduit system section 164 for the fuel medium and in particular a supply line 176 of the conduit system section 164, the fuel medium can be supplied to an anode side 180 of the fuel cell unit 158 ​​via an anode fluid inlet 178 and fuel medium components supplied to the fuel cell unit 158 ​​but not chemically reacted in it can be removed from the fuel cell unit 158.

[0175] The jet pump device 144 is arranged in the supply line 176.

[0176] The nozzle device 100 of the jet pump device 144 is connected to a reservoir for the fuel medium via a supply line 182, wherein, when the fuel cell device 100 is operated by means of the jet pump device 144, the fuel cell unit 158 ​​is supplied with fuel medium from the reservoir via the supply line 182 and the supply line 176.

[0177] It is understood that a control valve may also be arranged in the supply line 182, by means of which an inflow of fluid, in particular of fresh fuel medium, from the reservoir, which is in particular under overpressure, can be controlled.

[0178] Furthermore, the piping system section 164 for the fuel medium includes a discharge line 184, which leads away from the anode side 180 of the fuel cell unit 158 ​​via an anode fluid outlet 186. This discharge line 184 carries away, in particular, chemically unreacted fuel medium components, further components of the anode fluid mixture supplied to the anode side 180, and, for example, also components of the product medium formed during the chemical reaction from the anode side 180 as residual anode fluid mixture.

[0179] Preferably, the discharge line 184 is connected to the fluid medium supply device 148 of the jet pump device 144 via the recirculation line 162.

[0180] For example, a drain control unit can be provided at the branch point of the recirculation line 162 from the discharge line 184, by means of which unreacted components of the anode residual fluid mixture can be supplied to the supply line 176 via the recirculation line 162 and by means of which, for example, further components in the anode residual fluid mixture, preferably when the anode residual fluid mixture contains only a small proportion of fuel medium components, can be discharged via a discharge line 184.

[0181] By means of the recirculation line 162, at least unreacted fuel medium components in the anode residual fluid mixture can be returned to the anode fluid mixture and supplied to the fuel cell unit 158.

[0182] The mixing section 146 of the jet pump device 144 thus serves to mix unreacted fuel medium components and fresh fuel medium from the reservoir.

[0183] In the present embodiment, the fresh fuel medium from the reservoir is the first fluid medium flow already described, which in this case is a motive medium flow.

[0184] Furthermore, the unreacted fuel medium components in the present embodiment are the second fluid medium flow already described, which in this case is a recirculation medium flow.

[0185] Furthermore, reference is made to the statements of Fig. 2 referred. Reference symbol list 100 nozzle device 102 Basic bodies 104 aperture elements 106 first end 108 Inlet opening 110 second end 112 Outlet 114 Flow passage 116 Longitudinal center axis 118 Flow direction 120 aperture 122 first basic body section 124 second basic body section 126 Intake depth 128 End area of ​​first basic body section 130 End area of ​​second basic body section 132 constant or constant section 134 tapering section 136 Extended Section 138 Transition area 140 External thread section 142 Internal thread section 144 Jet pump device 146 Mixing section 148 Fluid medium supply device 150 Diffuser 152 Feed direction 154 Main flow direction 156 Fuel cell device 158 fuel cell units 160 piping system 162 Recirculation line 164 anode-side conduction system area 166 cathode-side piping system area 168 cases 170 Supply line 172 Cathode side 174 Drainage pipe 176 Supply line 178 Anode fluid inlet 180 anode side 182 Supply line 184 Drain line 186 Anode fluid output

Claims

[1] Nozzle device (100), in particular for introducing a fluid medium into a mixing section (146) of a jet pump device (144), wherein the nozzle device (100) comprises: - a base body (102) in which a flow passage (114) is formed between an inlet opening (108) and an outlet opening (112), through which a fluid medium can be guided and which has a cross-sectional area; and - an aperture element (104) which can be arranged or is arranged in the flow passage (114) and in which an aperture opening (120) is formed through which the fluid medium can be guided, wherein the aperture opening (120) has an opening cross-sectional area which is smaller than the passage cross-sectional area. [2] Nozzle device (100) according to claim 1, characterized by , that the aperture element (104) is held in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner on and / or in the base body (102). [3] Nozzle device (100) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized by , that the base body (102) is formed in multiple parts and has at least a first base body section (122) and a second base body section (124) which are arranged next to each other and preferably attached. [4] Nozzle device (100) according to claim 3, characterized by , that the aperture element (104) is arranged between the first and the second base body section (122, 124) of the base body (102), wherein in particular it is provided that the first base body section (122) comprises a section (134) that tapers along a flow direction (118) of the fluid medium and the second base body section (124) comprises a section (136) that widens along the flow direction (118), wherein the aperture element (104) is arranged between the tapering section (134) and the widening section (136). [5] Nozzle device (100) according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized by , that the first and the second base body section (122, 124) are positively and / or materially bonded to each other, preferably being screwed and / or shrunk onto one of the base body sections (124, 122). [6] Nozzle device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by , that the opening cross-sectional area is smaller by at least a factor of two, in particular by at least a factor of three, than the passage cross-sectional area in the area of ​​the flow passage (114), which is particularly directly adjacent to the aperture element (104). [7] Nozzle device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by, that the aperture opening (120) of the aperture element (104) has a diameter in the range of 5 mm to 0.1 mm, in particular from 1 mm to 0.1 mm, and furthermore in particular from 0.5 mm to 0.1 mm, preferably from 0.5 mm to 0.2 mm. [8] Nozzle device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by , that the aperture element (104) has a sheet metal element, in particular metallic, and / or is designed as such, wherein it is particularly provided that the aperture element (104) can be manufactured or is manufactured from a preferably non-stainless steel, in particular by machining and / or by means of a laser. [9] Jet pump device (144), in particular for a fuel cell device (156), wherein the jet pump device (144) comprises at least the following: - a mixing section (146) for mixing a first fluid medium stream, in particular a motive medium stream, and a second fluid medium stream, in particular a recirculation medium stream; - a fluid medium supply device (148) for supplying the second fluid medium flow into the mixing section (146); and - a nozzle device (100) for introducing the first fluid medium flow into the mixing section (146), in particular a nozzle device (100) according to one of claims 1 to 8. [10] Fuel cell device (156), in particular for a motor vehicle, wherein the fuel cell device (156) comprises a nozzle device (1009) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and / or a jet pump device (144) according to claim 9, wherein in particular it is provided that the fuel cell device (156) comprises a fuel cell unit (158) and a piping system (160) comprising a recirculation line (162) on the anode side, in which the nozzle device (100) and / or the jet pump device (144) is arranged.

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