Electrical assembly

Abstract

An electrical assembly includes a voltage source, an electrical load, a converter, and an electrical subsystem. The electrical load may be selectively electrically connected to the converter. The voltage source may be electrically connected to the converter; and the electrical subsystem may be electrically connected to the electrical load, the converter, and the voltage source. Further, the electrical subsystem may include a first circuit portion including a filter component and a second circuit portion including an amplification component. In accordance with detecting a fault, the electrical subsystem interrupts operation of the converter. Additionally, the converter may convert alternating current to direct current to charge the electrical load via the voltage source.

Description

Technical FieldThe present disclosure relates generally to electrical assemblies, including assemblies that may include disconnecting and reconnection of electrical loads and / or dynamic alarms, which may be used, for example, in connection with detecting disconnection of said electrical loads.Brief Description of the DrawingsWhile the claims are not limited to any particular mapping, an understanding of various aspects may be obtained by discussing various examples. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, and certain features may be exaggerated or hidden to better illustrate and explain an innovative aspect of an example. Further, the example illustrations described herein are not exhaustive or otherwise limiting, and the embodiments are not limited to the precise form and configuration shown in the drawings or configured in the following detailed description. Exemplary figures will be described in detail by referring to the drawings as follows: FIG. 1A is a block diagram substantially illustrating an embodiment of an electrical assembly in accordance with teachings of the present disclosure. FIG. 1B is a block diagram substantially illustrating an embodiment of an electrical assembly in accordance with teachings of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit view substantially showing an embodiment of the converter of an electrical assembly according to the teachings of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit view substantially showing an embodiment of a first circuit portion and a second circuit portion of an electrical assembly according to teachings of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit view substantially showing an embodiment of at least one alarm of an electrical assembly in accordance with teachings of the present disclosure. FIG. 5 is a graph substantially showing an increase in input voltage for the electrical load in accordance with teachings of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a diagram substantially illustrating voltages and responses of one or more alarms of the electrical assembly in accordance with teachings of the present disclosure. FIG. 7 is a flow diagram substantially illustrating a method of operating the electrical assembly in accordance with teachings of the present disclosure.Detailed DescriptionReference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which are described herein and shown in the accompanying drawings. While the present disclosure will be described in connection with embodiments and / or examples, they do not limit the present disclosure to these embodiments and / or examples. On the contrary, the present disclosure covers alternatives, modifications, and equivalents.In embodiments substantially as shown in FIG. 1A, an electrical assembly 100 may include a voltage source 102 (e.g., an AC grid) connected or coupled (e.g., electrically coupled) to a converter 104 and / or an electrical load 106, and further, the electrical assembly 100 may include an LLC topology. The converter 104 may be selectively electrically connected to the voltage source 102 so as to be selectively operative in accordance with detecting a fault. The converter 104 may be responsible for converting AC power to DC power to provide power to the electrical load 106 via the voltage source 102. For example, and without limitation, the electrical load 106 may be a battery of an electric vehicle 100A; further, the electrical assembly 100 may detect a fault during selective connection (e.g., disconnection and reconnection) of the electrical load 106. The voltage source 102 may be selectively coupled to the electrical load 106 to selectively charge the electrical load 106. In embodiments, the electrical assembly 100 may suffer from one or more failures when the electrical load 106 is disconnected from the converter 104 and reconnected. One or more of a variety of faults may be related to the electrical assembly transitioning between operating in a first state (e.g., associated with an inductive region) and a second state (e.g., associated with a capacitive region). Further, the converter 104 may be operated in the first state and / or the second state in response to the electrical load 106 being disconnected from the converter 104 (e.g., in response to a load change). The power may be converted in an inductive region, and when the electrical load 106 is reconnected to the converter 104 (e.g., when the load changes from light to heavy), the same frequency may place the converter 104 from the inductive region into the capacitive region where, e.g., one or more MOSFETs of the electrical assembly 100 may experience a shoot-through current (Shoot-through current).In embodiments, the electrical assembly 100 may include an electrical subsystem 110 for monitoring and / or controlling the operation of the electrical assembly 100 and the associated components. Monitoring and controlling the electrical assembly 100 via the electrical subsystem 110 may limit damage to the converter 104 in situations where the electrical load 106 is disconnected and / or reconnected. The electrical subsystem 110 may be electrically coupled to the voltage source 102, the converter 104, and / or the electrical load 106.In other embodiments, the voltage source 102 may be a high AC voltage source for charging a vehicle battery; however, the voltage source is not limited to such embodiments. The voltage source 102 may be a plurality of power supplies (e.g., at any voltage) having selectively connected loads, and thus the electrical subsystem 110 may monitor and / or protect one or more of a plurality of electrical loads connected thereto (e.g., to limit damage to electrical loads 106 connected to converters 104).For example, and without limitation, as shown in FIG. 1A, the voltage source 102 may be selectively electrically connected to a vehicle, which may include a converter 104, an electrical load 106, and / or an electrical subsystem 110. The electrical subsystem 110 may be configured to cause damage (e.g., a short circuit) constraint to the vehicle when the electrical load 106 is disconnected and reconnected (e.g., during charging). The electrical assembly 100 may include, for example and without limitation, a relay element 114 coupled between the converter 104 and the electrical load 106.In examples substantially as shown in FIG. 1B (i.e., a more detailed illustration of an embodiment such as that in FIG. 1A ), the electrical assembly 100 may include circuitry for detecting the output voltage of the converter in the electrical subsystem 110, which may also include a controller 120. The controller 120 may be configured to receive one or more electrical signals from one or more portions of the electrical subsystem 110.For example, and without limitation, the controller 120 may receive one or more electrical signals from the transducer 104, a first circuit portion 130 (e.g., comprising a filter element and an amplifying element), and / or a second circuit portion 140 (e.g., comprising an alarm circuit). In other embodiments, the controller 120 may be coupled to one or more phase regulators 150 to detect, e.g., an over or under voltage condition.In examples substantially as shown in FIG. 2, a voltage divider circuit 200 may be coupled to the electrical load 106 when the relay 114 is closed. The first node 208 may include a high voltage signal (HV SENSE) indicative of the voltage of the converter 104. The converter 104 may receive the DC voltage signal from the electrical load 106 and may detect a low voltage range (V SIGNAL) HV SENSE- signal via a detection circuit 220 to analyze the performance and operation of the electrical system 100. The sensing circuit 220 may include a first capacitor 222 coupled in parallel with the converter 104. In addition, a first resistor 224 may be connected in parallel to the first capacitor 222. The first resistor 224 may be coupled in parallel with (e.g., further coupled to ground / ground) a second resistor 226 and / or a second capacitor 228. Further, the second resistor 226 may be coupled in parallel with a third resistor 230, a third capacitor 232, and / or a positive terminal of an operational amplifier 250. A ground may be coupled between the third resistor 230 and the third capacitor 232 (e.g., generally as a differential to a single-ended (single-ended) output voltage circuit).In further embodiments, the first capacitor 222 may be electrically coupled in parallel with the converter 104 and / or a fourth resistor 234. The fourth resistor 234 may be coupled in parallel with (e.g., further coupled to ground) a fifth resistor 236 and / or a fourth capacitor 238. The fifth resistor 236 may be coupled to a sixth resistor 240, which may be connected in parallel with a fifth capacitor 242 and / or a negative terminal of the operational amplifier 250. The sixth resistor 240 and the fifth capacitor 242 may be coupled in parallel with a seventh resistor 244 coupled to the output of the operational amplifier 250. The detection circuit 220 may be configured to extract the V SIGNAL from the V HV_SENSE as shown in FIG. 2.In embodiments substantially as shown in FIG. 3, the electrical subsystem 110 may include a first circuit portion 300, a second circuit portion 302, and / or an alarm circuit 304. The first circuit portion 300 may receive the voltage signal (V SIGNAL) and a filter component 310 may be configured to detect the AC portion (VHV SENSE) of the voltage signal (V SIGNAL). The filter component 310 may include a capacitor 312 coupled in parallel with a resistor 314. Resistor 314 may be coupled in parallel with a second capacitor 314B and an operational amplifier 316C, the combination of which may filter the voltage signal (V SIGNAL) to generate the AC voltage signal (VHV SENSE) as shown in FIG. 5. Resistor 314 may be coupled to a reference voltage signal (V REF) to add an offset to the AC voltage signal to detect a positive or negative overvoltage. The reference voltage signal (V REF) may be, for example and without limitation, about 0.25 V or 1 V or more or less. The reference voltage signal (V REF) may be provided to the resistor 314 via an operational amplifier circuit 316 electrically connected to the resistor 314. The reference voltage signal (V REF) may be any variety of voltages corresponding to any variety of desired offset levels. The first circuit portion 300 may be coupled to the second circuit portion 302 such that both positive and negative voltage fluctuations may be detected / detected.In examples, the operational amplifier circuit 316 may include a supply voltage (V CCAO) electrically connected to a first resistor 316A and a second resistor 316B coupled in series. The operational amplifier circuit 316 may include an operational amplifier 316C coupled between the first resistor 316A and the second resistor 316B. Further, the positive terminal of operational amplifier 316C may be coupled between resistors 316A, 316B. The negative terminal of operational amplifier 316C may be electrically coupled to resistor 314.In embodiments, the second circuit portion 302 may apply a gain to the signal received from the first circuit portion 300. The second circuit portion 302 may apply a gain to increase the sensitivity of detecting errors (e.g., detecting disconnection of the electrical load 106). To apply a gain to the received signal, the second circuit portion 302 may include an operational amplifier 320, a first resistor 322, and a second resistor 324 (e.g., a gain component). The voltage signal (VHV SENSE) may be received from a positive terminal of the operational amplifier 320. Further, the negative terminal of the operational amplifier 320 may be coupled between the first resistor 322 and the second resistor 324. The first resistor 322 may be coupled to a ground, and the second resistor 324 may be coupled to the output of the operational amplifier 320. The output of the second circuit portion 302 may be expressed as follows: Further, R 1 may correspond to the first resistor 322 and R 2 may correspond to the second resistor 324. The output of the second circuit portion 302 as shown in FIG. 5 may be received from one or more alarms of the alarm circuit 304 associated with detecting faults (e.g., upon detecting disconnection of the electrical load 106 from the voltage source 102) to deactivate the converter 104. The one or more alarms may include a first alarm 330, a second alarm 332, and / or a third alarm 334. The first alarm 330 may be configured to detect an error associated with a dynamic increase (Δ) of the high voltage signal (HV SENSE) and may be electrically coupled to a negative terminal of a first operational amplifier 340. The second alarm 332 may be configured to detect an error associated with a dynamic decrease (-Δ) of the high voltage signal (HV SENSE) and may be electrically coupled to a positive terminal of a second operational amplifier 342. The third alarm 334 may be configured to detect an absolute over and / or under voltage condition of the high voltage signal (HV SENSE) and may be electrically coupled to a positive terminal of a third operational amplifier 344.In embodiments, the first operational amplifier 340, the second operational amplifier 342, and / or the third operational amplifier 344 may be electrically coupled to a circuit portion 350 that is operative or configured to transmit a deactivation signal 352 to the controller 120 and / or the converter 104. The deactivation signal 352 may stop / limit operation of the converter 104 to prevent the electrical assembly 100 from operating in the second state (e.g., the capacitive region) when the electrical load 106 is reconnected to the converter 104. Further, the deactivation signal 352 may indicate that the electrical load 106 has been disconnected from the converter 104. The reconnection of the electrical load 106 while the converter 104 is operating may force the converter 104 to operate in the second state (e.g., in the capacitive region) and may result in damage to one or more components of the converter 104 (e.g., such as bridge MOSFETs). Therefore, operation of the converter 104 in the first state (e.g., in the inductive region) may prevent damage to the converter 104 when the electrical load 106 is reconnected.In examples substantially as shown in FIG. 4, the alarm circuit 304 may be coupled to the logic circuit portion 350. The first alarm 330 includes a voltage divider circuit 400 coupled to the negative terminal of the first operational amplifier 340. In addition, a resistor of the voltage divider circuit 400 may be coupled to a voltage of about 5V. The second alarm 332 includes a second voltage divider circuit 402 coupled to the negative terminal of the second operational amplifier 342. A resistor of the second voltage divider circuit 402 may be coupled to a supply voltage of about 5V.In embodiments, the third alarm 334 may include a first filter circuit 406 (comprising a resistor and a capacitor coupled in parallel to the positive terminal of the third operational amplifier 344). The negative terminal of the third operational amplifier 344 may be coupled in parallel with three resistors and a capacitor, wherein a resistor may be coupled to a second capacitor and a voltage source (e.g., 5V). Further, the capacitor may be coupled between two of the three parallel coupled resistors. Logic circuit portion 350 is shown in more detail, wherein the alarm status may be communicated and determined by controller 120 and associated control logic 120'.In FIG. 5, the high voltage signal (HV SENSE) is shown in plot 500 with an increase (Δ) in voltage. The voltage of the high voltage bus (e.g., voltage source 102) increases and may be detected via the electrical subsystem 110. The electrical subsystem 110 may extract and scale voltage measurements to increase sensitivity of fault detection (e.g., less voltage changes may be detected and the converter 104 may then be disabled), and the alarm circuit 304 may be configured to detect the increase (Δ) in voltage compared to any number of thresholds.In embodiments, substantially as shown in FIG. 6, the high voltage signal (HV SENSE) may be greater than a plurality of thresholds (e.g., as determined by the resistance values selected for the resistors in the electrical subassembly 110), and in response, the deactivation signal 352 may be transmitted to deactivate the converter 104.In examples, the electrical subsystem 110 may be configured to send the deactivation signal 352 to the converter 104 in response to activation of the first alarm 330, the second alarm 332, and / or the third alarm 334.For example, and without limitation, as substantially shown in FIG. 6, one or more signals may be received from the electrical subsystem 110 (e.g., the controller 120) for analysis and / or fault determination / comparison. For example, and without limitation, the one or more signals may include a first signal 600 (e.g., HV), which may represent the voltage of the voltage source 102 (e.g., the high voltage bus). A second signal 602 (HV SENSE) may be generated by filtering the first signal 600. A third signal 604 may be generated by the detection circuit 220 (e.g., V SIGNAL). Further, a fourth signal 606 may be generated after applying a gain (e.g., V OUT).As seen from FIG. 6, when the voltage of the fourth signal 606 reaches a maximum positive Δ threshold voltage, the voltage change may be detected and, in response, a logic state of a fifth signal 608 may change. When the voltage of the fourth signal 606 reaches a maximum negative Δ threshold voltage, the voltage change may be detected and, in response, a logic state of a sixth signal 610 may change. Additionally, in response to the voltage of the fourth signal 606 being greater than an overvoltage threshold or less than an undervoltage threshold, a seventh signal 612 may be generated whose logic state may change when the voltage is outside a preferred threshold voltage. The first alarm 330 may be represented by the fifth signal 608 (e.g., to indicate a positive ΔV); the second alarm 332 may be represented by the sixth signal 610 (e.g., to indicate a negative ΔV); and / or the sum of the alarms may be represented by the seventh signal 612 (e.g., to indicate an OV / UV, positive ΔV, and / or negative ΔV). Hysteresis-based alarm settings and / or analyses may be applied to the fifth signal 608 and / or the sixth signal 610.In embodiments substantially as shown in FIG. 7, a method 700 of operating the electrical assembly 100 may include disconnecting the electrical load 106 from the transducer 104 (step 702). In examples, disconnecting the electrical load 106 may correspond to disconnecting a vehicle (e.g., a battery) from a charging station. In response to disconnecting the electrical load 106, the method 700 may include detecting a voltage of the converter 104 across the electrical subsystem 110 (step 704). The electrical subsystem 110 may be configured to detect one or more faults associated with the electrical assembly 100 transitioning between operating in the first state and the second state. To detect one or more faults, the method 700 may include the electrical subsystem 110 extracting the AC voltage signal (VHV SENSE) from the high voltage bus signal (V SIGNAL) via the first circuit portion 300 (step 706). Further, the method 700 may include applying a gain to the AC voltage signal (VHV SENSE F) to determine the presence of one or more errors (e.g., with a high level of sensitivity of about 0.1 V to about 1 V, or more or less) (step 708).In embodiments, the method 700 may include detecting one or more errors associated with a voltage drop, a voltage rise, or an under / over voltage condition (step 710). In response to detecting the one or more errors, the method 700 may include transmitting the deactivation signal 352 to the converter 104 to stop operation. The interruption of the converter 104 may allow the electrical assembly to operate in the inductive region (e.g., first state) and not in the capacitive region (e.g., second state) when the electrical load 106 is reconnected.The disclosure includes, without limitation, the following embodiments: 1. a system comprising: a voltage source electrically connected to a converter; an electrical load selectively electrically connected to the converter; and an electrical subsystem electrically connected to the electrical load, the converter, and the voltage source, the electrical subsystem comprising: a first circuit portion including a filter component; and a second circuit portion including an amplification component; wherein the electrical subsystem interrupts operation of the converter in accordance with detecting a fault. 2. the system of Embodiment 1, wherein the converter converts alternating current into direct current to charge the electric load via the power source. 3. the system of any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the electrical subsystem is configured to detect whether the system is operating in a first state associated with an inductive region or in a second state associated with a capacitive region. 4. the system of any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the fault indicates disconnection of the electrical load from the converter. 5. the system according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the first circuit portion receives an input voltage and removes an alternating current portion of the input voltage. 6.The system according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the first circuit portion comprises a capacitor and a resistor coupled in parallel. 7. the system according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the first circuit portion adds a reference voltage to the input voltage received from the first circuit portion. 8. the system of any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the reference voltage is coupled to the resistor of the first circuit portion. 9. the system of any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the second circuit portion applies a gain to the input voltage after the input voltage is filtered via the first circuit portion. 10. the system according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein at least one alarm is coupled to an output of the second circuit portion, wherein the alarm detects the fault and the electrical subsystem stops operation of the converter in accordance with the detection of the fault. 11.The system of any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the at least one alarm is configured to detect the fault, and the fault is associated with a rise in the voltage above a threshold voltage. 12.The system of any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the at least one alarm is configured to detect the fault, and the fault is associated with a decrease in voltage below a threshold voltage. 13.The system of any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the at least one alarm is configured to detect the fault, and the fault is associated with an overvoltage or an undervoltage condition. 14.A method of operating the system of embodiment 1, comprising: providing voltage from the transducer to the electrical load; monitoring the voltage from the transducer via the electrical subsystem; disconnecting the electrical load from the transducer; and in accordance with detecting the fault: providing a signal from the electrical subsystem to the transducer to discontinue operation of the transducer. 15. the method of any of the preceding embodiments, wherein detecting the fault comprises the electrical subsystem determining when the converter transitions from operating in an inductive region to a capacitive region after the electrical load is disconnected from the voltage source. 16.The method according to any of the preceding embodiments, further comprising: re-connecting the electrical load to the converter via the electrical subsystem. 17.A system comprising: a power source providing a voltage of at least 400 V; a converter coupled between the power source and an electrical load selectively electrically connected to the converter; and an electrical subsystem electrically connected to the power source, the converter, and the electrical load; wherein in accordance with detecting a fault associated with operating the system in a capacitive region after disconnecting the electrical load, the electrical subsystem interrupts operation of the converter prior to reconnected the electrical load. 18. The system of any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the electrical subsystem is configured to filter a voltage signal from the converter and apply a gain prior to detecting the fault. 19.The system of any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the electrical subsystem applies a reference voltage to the voltage signal prior to detecting the fault. 20.The system of any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the fault indicates at least one of a rise in voltage above a first threshold, a fall in voltage above a second threshold, and an under-voltage or over-voltage condition.In examples, a controller 120 or system may include an electronic controller and / or include an electronic processor such as a programmable microprocessor and / or microcontroller. In embodiments, a controller may include, for example, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). A controller may include a central processing unit (CPU), a memory (e.g., a durable computer readable storage medium), and / or an input / output (I / O) interface. A controller may be configured to perform various functions, including those described in more detail herein, with suitable programming instructions and / or code embodied in software, hardware, and / or other medium. In embodiments, a control unit may include a plurality of control units. In embodiments, a controller may be connected to a display, e.g., a touch screen display.Various examples / embodiments for various devices, systems, and / or methods are described herein. Numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the overall construction, function, manufacture, and use of the examples / embodiments as shown in the specification and the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the examples / embodiments may be practiced without such specific details. In other instances, well-known operations, components, and elements have not been described in detail in order not to obscure the examples / embodiments described in the specification. Those skilled in the art will understand that the examples / embodiments described and shown herein are non-limiting examples, so that the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein may be representative and do not necessarily limit the scope of the embodiments.Reference throughout the specification to "examples," "in examples," "with examples," "various embodiments," "with embodiments," "in embodiments," or "one embodiment," or the like, means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the example / embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Therefore, the terms "examples," "in examples," "with examples," "in various embodiments," "with embodiments," "in embodiments," or "an embodiment," or the like, placed at various places in the specification, do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment. Moreover, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more examples / embodiments. Thus, the particular features, structures, or characteristics shown or described in connection with an embodiment / example may be combined in whole or in part with the features, structures, functions, and / or characteristics of one or more other embodiments / examples, without limitation, provided that such combination is not illogical or non-functional. Moreover, many changes may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the present disclosure without departing from the scope of the disclosure.It should be understood that references to a single element are not necessarily so limited and may include one or more such elements. Any directional references (e.g., plus, minus, upper, lower, upward, downward, left, right, left, right, upward, downward, above, below, vertical, horizontal, clockwise, and counterclockwise) are merely for identification to facilitate the reader's understanding of the present disclosure, and do not present limitations, particularly with respect to the position, orientation, or use of examples / embodiments.References to connections (e.g., attached, coupled, connected, etc.) are to be broadly construed and may include intervening members between a connection of elements, relative movement between elements, direct connections, indirect connections, fixed connections, movable connections, operative connections, indirect contact, and / or direct contact. Thus, the term "connection" does not necessarily mean that two elements are directly connected / coupled together and are in fixed relationship to each other. Connections of electrical components may include, but are not limited to, mechanical connections, electrical connections, wired connections, and / or wireless connections. The use of "e.g." and "like" in the specification is to be construed broadly and serves to provide non-limiting examples of embodiments of the disclosure, and the disclosure is not limited to such examples. The use of "and" and "or" is to be broadly construed (e.g., treated as "and / or"). For example, and without limitation, the use of "and" does not necessarily require all listed elements or features, and the use of "or" includes all, unless such a construction would be illogical.While processes, systems, and methods may be described herein in connection with one or more steps in a particular order, it should be understood that such methods may be practiced with the steps in a different order, with particular steps performed simultaneously, with additional steps, and / or with the omission of particular steps described.All matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings is to be understood as illustrative and not restrictive. Changes in detail or structure may be made without departing from the present disclosure.It will be appreciated that a controller, system and / or processor as described herein may include a conventional processing device known in the art that may be capable of executing preprogrammed instructions stored in an associated memory, and all of which operate in accordance with the functionality described herein. To the extent that the methods described herein are embodied in software, the resulting software may be stored in an associated memory and may also constitute means for performing such methods. Such a system or processor may also be of the ROM, RAM, RAM and ROM type and / or a combination of non-volatile and volatile memory, such that any software may be stored and yet enable the storage and processing of dynamically generated data and / or signals.It should be further understood that an article in accordance with this disclosure may include a transitory computer readable storage medium having encoded thereon a computer program for implementing the logic and other functionality described herein. The computer program may include code to perform one or more of the methods disclosed herein. Such embodiments may be configured to be executed via one or more processors, e.g., multiple processors integrated into a single system or distributed and interconnected over a communication network, where the communication network may be wired and / or wireless. Code for implementing one or more of the features described in connection with one or more embodiments, when executed by a processor, may cause a plurality of transistors to transition from a first state to a second state. A particular pattern of change (e.g., which transistors change state and which do not) may be at least partially dictated by the logic and / or code.

Claims

A system comprising: a voltage source electrically connected to a converter; an electrical load selectively electrically connected to the converter; and an electrical subsystem electrically connected to the electrical load, the converter, and the voltage source, the electrical subsystem comprising: a first circuit portion including a filter component; and a second circuit portion including an amplification component; wherein the electrical subsystem interrupts operation of the converter in accordance with detecting a fault.The system of claim 1, wherein the converter converts alternating current to direct current to charge the electrical load via the voltage source.The system of claim 1, wherein the electrical subsystem is configured to detect whether the system is operating in a first state associated with an inductive region or in a second state associated with a capacitive region.The system of claim 1, wherein the fault indicates disconnection of the electrical load from the converter.The system of claim 1, wherein the first circuit portion receives an input voltage and removes an AC portion of the input voltage.The system of claim 5, wherein the first circuit portion comprises a capacitor and a resistor coupled in parallel.The system of claim 6, wherein the first circuit portion adds a reference voltage to the input voltage received from the first circuit portion.The system of claim 7, wherein the reference voltage is coupled to the resistor of the first circuit portion.The system of claim 6, wherein the second circuit portion applies a gain to the input voltage after the input voltage is filtered via the first circuit portion.The system of claim 1, wherein at least one alarm is coupled to an output of the second circuit portion, the alarm detecting the fault, and the electrical subsystem stops operation of the converter in accordance with the detecting of the fault.The system of claim 10, wherein the at least one alarm is configured to detect the fault, and the fault is associated with an increase in voltage above a threshold voltage.The system of claim 10, wherein the at least one alarm is configured to detect the fault, and the fault is associated with a decrease in voltage below a threshold voltage.The system of claim 10, wherein the at least one alarm is configured to detect the fault, and the fault is associated with an overvoltage or an undervoltage condition.The method of operating the system of claim 1, the method comprising: providing voltage from the transducer to the electrical load; monitoring the voltage from the transducer via the electrical subsystem; disconnecting the electrical load from the transducer; and in accordance with detecting the fault: providing a signal from the electrical subsystem to the transducer to discontinue operation of the transducer.The method of claim 14, wherein detecting the fault comprises the electrical subsystem determining when the converter transitions from operating in an inductive region to a capacitive region after the electrical load is disconnected from the voltage source.The method of claim 15, further comprising: reconnected the electrical load to the transducer via the electrical subsystem.A system comprising: a power source providing a voltage of at least 400 V; a converter coupled between the power source and an electrical load selectively electrically connected to the converter; and an electrical subsystem electrically connected to the power source, the converter, and the electrical load; wherein in accordance with detecting a fault associated with operation of the system in a capacitive region after disconnecting the electrical load, the electrical subsystem interrupts operation of the converter prior to reconnected the electrical load.The system of claim 17, wherein the electrical subsystem is configured to filter a voltage signal from the converter and apply a gain prior to detecting the fault.The system of claim 18, wherein the electrical subsystem applies a reference voltage to the voltage signal prior to detecting the fault.The system of claim 17, wherein the fault indicates at least one of a rise in voltage greater than a first threshold, a fall in voltage greater than a second threshold, and an under-voltage or over-voltage condition.

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