Foil for the storage of electromagnetically driven moving components and electromagnetic actuators

Abstract

The invention relates to a film (1) for mounting electromagnetically driven movable components (100); wherein: the film (1) has a woven structure with a plurality of threads (2, 3, 11), in particular warp threads (2) and weft threads (3); and the film (1) is cut such that threads (2, 3, 11), in particular the warp threads (2) and weft threads (3), run obliquely with respect to at least one edge (4-9) of the film (1). The invention also relates to an electromagnetic actuator (110).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a film for the storage of electromagnetically driven moving components and an electromagnetic actuator.

[0002] Traditionally, films, in particular polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films, are known for mounting, for example, a magnetic armature (or "armature") in an electromagnet. EP 3 653 916 B1, for instance, discloses an electromagnet in which such a non-magnetic film is inserted between a pole tube and a magnetic armature. Such films conventionally form a non-magnetic separating layer between electromagnetically driven moving components, such as the magnetic armature, and stationary or driving components, such as the pole tube or coil former.

[0003] DE 819 675 B discloses a textile fabric for use in vulcanizing, especially damaged fire hoses, and a method for repairing fire hoses using such a fabric. It relates to a fabric for repairing defective and leaking hoses, in particular fire hoses, by vulcanization.

[0004] US Patent 5,503,887 A discloses a method for producing a conductive woven material that exhibits significant conductivity over a range of directions, preferably generally uniform conductivity in all directions, by using a woven material with only conductive weft or warp fibers.

[0005] However, the known films have the following disadvantages: To minimize the impact of hysteresis, these films are conventionally thin. As a result, such films often tend to wrinkle because they exhibit low dimensional stability and shear strength, as well as low resistance to buckling loads. Furthermore, the low dimensional stability means that deviations in the shape of the components also result in deviations in the shape of the film. The film often adheres to the moving component or to adjacent stationary components, further increasing the risk of wrinkling. Overall, these effects lead to a reduction in the service life of the device incorporating the film.

[0006] It is an object of the invention to provide a film which overcomes at least some of the aforementioned disadvantages. In particular, it is an object of the invention to provide a film for the mounting of electromagnetically driven moving components which exhibits a uniform force / sensitivity curve by smoothing out shape deviations of the component, results in reduced mechanical hysteresis of the component, exhibits high robustness and a low reject rate, and has a low thickness or strength, the aforementioned advantages either in combination or individually.

[0007] The solution to these problems is achieved by the features of the independent claim. Specifically, the solution is provided by a film for mounting electromagnetically driven moving components, wherein the film has a woven structure with a plurality of threads, in particular warp threads and weft threads. The film is cut such that the threads, in particular the warp threads and weft threads, run obliquely with respect to at least one edge of the film.

[0008] In the present sense, "oblique" preferably means that the corresponding threads run neither perpendicular nor parallel with respect to one or more edges of the film. In the present sense, the terms "sides" and "edges" are preferably to be understood as synonymous, whereby the film is mostly described as a two-dimensional object (corresponding to "sides," for example, of a quadrilateral), but the film has a finite thickness and is a three-dimensional object (corresponding to "edges," for example, of a face of a cube). In the present sense, "at least one edge" includes exactly one edge and two or more edges.

[0009] By arranging fibers at an angle to at least one edge or side of the film (hereinafter also referred to as "angled weave" or "oblique weave"), friction is reduced, thus improving the hysteresis of the moving component. Furthermore, the film with the angled weave is more stable and exhibits higher shear stiffness and resistance to buckling loads, which prevents wrinkling and compensates for unevenness or coaxial deviations of the moving component, or prevents the film from conforming to such unevenness. Additionally, a lubricant, preferably provided separately, such as oil, adheres to the film with the oblique weave for a longer period, further improving the mechanical hysteresis and reducing the static friction of the moving component.

[0010] The film advantageously comprises warp and weft threads. The film preferably also comprises additional threads, such as so-called insertion threads, decorative threads, pattern threads, or binding threads. The warp and / or weft threads and / or the additional threads can run diagonally to the edge(s) of the film. Preferably, the warp and / or weft threads have this diagonal weave; however, it is also possible for the warp and / or weft threads to have a parallel or perpendicular weave, and for the film to have additional threads running diagonally to these and to the edge(s), or for a combination of such threads with the warp and / or weft threads to form a diagonal weave.

[0011] Advantageously, the warp threads run essentially at right angles to the weft threads of the film. It is particularly advantageous that a film with a simple weave structure, namely right-angled warp and weft threads, such as those found in basic weaves (plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, etc.), can be used, and the film can be cut in such a way that the warp and / or weft threads and / or any additional threads run diagonally with respect to at least one edge or side of the film. This simplifies the production of the film.

[0012] Advantageously, the film has at least four edges, namely at least two longitudinal edges and two transverse edges (correspondingly at least four sides in a two-dimensional view). Advantageously, in some embodiments, the film is rectangular (or, advantageously, cuboid in a three-dimensional view). In alternative preferred embodiments, the film is, for example, pentagonal or hexagonal. These shapes have the advantage that the film is advantageously essentially cylindrical in the wound state, and thus versatile in its application both in the unwound and wound states.

[0013] In preferred embodiments, the warp and / or weft threads run diagonally with respect to at least the longitudinal or transverse edges. Advantageously, for example in a parallelogram-shaped film, only the warp or weft threads run diagonally to the longitudinal or transverse edges of the film. In other words, in such an example, the warp or weft threads can run parallel or perpendicular to the longitudinal or transverse edges, while the corresponding other threads from the warp or weft threads run diagonally to these edges. This increases the dimensional stability of the film and reduces its static friction.

[0014] It is particularly advantageous if the warp and / or weft threads run diagonally with respect to the longitudinal and transverse edges. In other words, at least one group of threads from the warp and weft threads is oriented diagonally with respect to both the longitudinal and transverse edges. This advantageously makes the film particularly dimensionally stable and thus particularly well able to compensate for coaxial deviations of the moving component and to provide particularly low adhesion to the moving component.

[0015] Particularly advantageous for, for example, higher dimensional stability and low static friction of the film, is that the warp and weft threads run diagonally with respect to both the longitudinal and transverse edges, even in the case of a parallelogram or other quadrilateral, pentagon or hexagon, etc.

[0016] In some preferred embodiments, the film has more than four edges, for example, five or more, six or more, or seven or more. In these embodiments, the film has at least one inclined edge in addition to the longitudinal and transverse edges, which runs at an angle relative to the longitudinal and transverse edges. It is further advantageous if the film has more than one such inclined edge, for example, two or three or more, each of which runs at an angle relative to the longitudinal and transverse edges. The film advantageously has a rectangular base shape into which one or more inclined edges are advantageously cut, thereby forming a pentagonal (one inclined edge) or hexagonal (two inclined edges) shape.

[0017] For specific hysteresis, shape stability, and / or static friction properties, the film advantageously has a symmetrical, two-dimensional basic shape when viewed from above. For example, the film may have a mirror-symmetrical basic shape, with no beveled edges, or two or four beveled edges. This makes the film particularly versatile and allows it to be advantageously used in a device without special orientation.

[0018] In advantageous embodiments, the film is advantageously essentially cylindrical in its wound state. The aforementioned at least one inclined edge has the advantage that the film can be wound up and more easily slid onto, for example, the moving component without creasing. Alternatively, the inclined edge(s) allow the moving component, with the film already wound onto it, to be inserted into the stationary component without the film creasing. Furthermore, the inclined edge(s) allow the moving component, into which the film has already been inserted, to be inserted into the stationary component without the film creasing.

[0019] This allows the film to be easily and reliably slid onto the moving component without the film becoming creased.

[0020] In some advantageous embodiments, the warp and weft threads run at an angle of approximately 35° to 55°, particularly approximately 45°, with respect to at least one edge of the film. Here, "approximately XX°" preferably includes a manufacturing tolerance of ±5°. Advantageously, the warp and weft threads run at the aforementioned angles with respect to at least two edges of the film. These two edges of the film are preferably not parallel to each other. Alternatively, the warp and weft threads can run at the aforementioned angles with respect to at least two parallel edges of the film, for example, in the case of a parallelogram, with respect to the longitudinal and / or transverse edges. Advantageously, the warp and weft threads are arranged such that they run at the aforementioned angles with respect to all edges of the film, particularly the longitudinal and transverse edges.The warp and weft threads may preferably have an angle to the at least one inclined edge that differs from those mentioned above. In particular, the warp and / or weft threads may run perpendicular or parallel to the at least one inclined edge, for example, in a case where the at least one inclined edge has one of the aforementioned angles, in particular about 45°, with respect to the longitudinal and transverse edges. Particularly advantageous hysteresis, shape stability, and static friction properties of the film are achieved by arranging the warp and weft threads at an angle of about 45° with respect to the edges of the film. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the warp and weft threads run at an angle of about 45° with respect to all longitudinal and transverse edges of the film, wherein the warp and weft threads advantageously run at a different angle with respect to the at least one inclined edge.

[0021] The aforementioned preferred embodiments relating to the warp threads and / or weft threads advantageously apply alternatively or additionally to the preferably provided additional threads.

[0022] Preferably, the film consists of the woven warp threads, weft threads and any additional threads.

[0023] The film, and in particular at least some of the threads, advantageously comprises polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Alternatively or additionally, particularly with regard to one or more threads, the film comprises glass fiber.

[0024] The film has a thickness of 0.08 mm or less, particularly 0.07 mm or less, or 0.05 mm or less. Here, "approximately 0.0x mm" includes a manufacturing tolerance of + / - 0.005. Advantageously, even taking the manufacturing tolerance into account, the film is thinner than 0.08 mm. The film also advantageously has a coating, for example, with a resin matrix made of epoxy resin or polyurethane lacquers. Such a coating is preferably applied while the film is wound up, or in a state where the film is in the required shape.

[0025] The film is advantageously applicable in various devices with electromagnetically driven moving components. It is particularly suitable for bearings using films, especially PTFE films, and in conjunction with low hysteresis requirements and low-friction specifications. The film is especially useful when components of an armature chamber are made up of different individual parts (for example, injection-molded inserts) and an ideal cylindrical shape cannot be achieved even after post-processing. Furthermore, for example, the film can be used when the design of a gear magnet requires a thin film, especially a thin PTFE film. Another conceivable application is in motor technology where a canned tube is used, in which case the film can be used as the canned tube itself. This is particularly relevant when increased buckling load requirements apply.

[0026] A particularly advantageous application in an actuator is explained below.

[0027] The present invention further relates to an electromagnetic actuator comprising an electromagnet, a movable armature, and at least one film as described above. The movable armature is the aforementioned electromagnetically driven movable component, wherein the armature is driven by the electromagnet of the actuator. The at least one film, when wound, is substantially cylindrical and wraps around the armature.

[0028] The present invention thus provides an electromagnetic actuator in which coaxial shape deviations are advantageously compensated, mechanical hysteresis is reduced, lubrication properties and static friction are improved, and which exhibits high dimensional stability, shear stiffness, and resistance to buckling loads. It is particularly advantageous that the film remains dimensionally stable over a long period, thereby improving the service life of the electromagnetic actuator. Due to the low static friction of the film, and especially the low static friction of the armature with other components such as a yoke, a pole core, or the actuator's electromagnet, the electromagnetic actuator is particularly efficient and can also be controlled precisely.

[0029] The anchor is advantageously movable within the film and relative to the film. The film is advantageously first wound up and placed on or around the anchor, the anchor being movable within the film and relative to it, particularly along the longitudinal axis of the wound film.

[0030] Further details, advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. It shows: Fig. 1 shows a top view of a film according to a first embodiment of the present invention in the unwound state; Fig. 2 shows a top view of a film according to a second embodiment of the present invention in the unwound state; Fig. Slide 3 shows the slide of the Fig. 2 in the wound state; Fig. Figure 4 shows an example of an electromagnetically driven moving component with the film according to the Fig. 2 and Fig. 3; and Fig. Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic actuator according to the present invention.

[0031] The following describes a first embodiment of a film 1 for the mounting of electromagnetically driven moving components 100 (e.g. in Fig. 4 and Fig. Figure 5) explains. The foil 1 can generally be used in many different devices with electromagnetically driven moving components, in which, in particular, an amagnetic foil 1 is used for mounting moving components.

[0032] Fig. Figure 1 shows a top view of a film 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein the film 1 is in the unwound state.

[0033] In this example, slide 1 has a rectangular shape with four edges (4, 5, 6, 7) or sides. Slide 1 can also have a different shape (see also, for example, [reference to example]). Fig. 2) such as a parallelogram or a polygon with more than four vertices. In the present case, sheet 1 has two longitudinal edges 5, 7 and two transverse edges 4, 6, where one length of the longitudinal edges 5, 7 is greater than one height or width of the transverse edges 4, 6.

[0034] Again Fig. As can be seen from Figure 1, the present foil 1 has a woven structure with a multitude of threads 2, 3. The threads 2, 3 are divided into warp threads 2 and weft threads 3. The foil 1 also preferably has further threads 11 in addition to the warp threads 2 and weft threads 3 shown.

[0035] In the present embodiment, the warp threads 2 and the weft threads 3 run obliquely to all edges 4, 5, 6, 7. In other words, as can be seen from the Fig. As can be seen, the warp threads 2 all run diagonally to the four edges 4, 5, 6, 7 of the foil 1, while the weft threads 3 also all run diagonally to the four edges 4, 5, 6, 7 of the foil.

[0036] As shown by the Fig. As can be seen, the additional threads 11 also run diagonally to the four edges 4, 5, 6, 7 of foil 1. These additional threads 11 are, for example, so-called insertion threads, decorative threads, pattern threads, or binding threads. Although two such additional threads 11 are shown, their number and orientation are not limited to the depicted form. For example, many such threads 11 can be used, as in Fig. 1 is shown radially, extending from one or more of the edges 4, 5, 6, 7 of the foil 1. The warp threads 2 and the weft threads 3 run essentially at right angles to each other, that is, within the limits of a manufacturing tolerance.

[0037] The present film 1 is produced, for example, by first creating the woven structure of the threads 2, 3 and then cutting or punching the film 1 (obliquely) such that the threads 2, 3 are at an angle to the cut edges, which form the edges 4, 5, 6, 7 of the film 1. This makes the production of the present film 1 particularly simple and efficient.

[0038] Here, the threads 2 and 3 each run at an angle of approximately 35° to 55°, particularly approximately 45°, to the edges 4, 5, 6, and 7, with the illustrated preferred example running at an angle of approximately 45° to the edges 4, 5, 6, and 7. A manufacturing tolerance of ±5° is preferred.

[0039] The film 1, or the threads 2, 3 of the film 1, comprise PTFE. The thickness of the film 1, or of the threads 2, 3, is preferably less than 0.08 mm, more preferably 0.07 mm or less, and in particular 0.05 mm or less, with a manufacturing tolerance of + / - 0.005 mm. Even taking the tolerance into account, the thickness of the film 1 is preferably less than 0.08 mm. The film 1 is non-magnetic.

[0040] Because the threads 2, 3 run obliquely to the edges 2, 3 of the film 1, a uniform F / S characteristic curve is achieved by smoothing out shape deviations of component 100, a reduced mechanical hysteresis of component 100, high robustness, and a low reject rate. Furthermore, any lubricating oil is retained more effectively by the film 1, thereby further improving the mechanical hysteresis. In the present embodiment, the additional threads 11 enhance these effects.

[0041] A second embodiment of slide 1 is explained below, wherein the Fig. 2 this foil 1 in its unwound state and the Fig. 3 shows this foil 1 in its rolled-up state. Fig. Figure 4 shows this foil 1 in the wound state in combination with an electromagnetically driven moving component 100.

[0042] How a comparison of Fig. 2 with the Fig. Figure 1 shows that the present film 1 has additional inclined edges 8, 9. The film 1 preferably has one such inclined edge 8, 9, or, as shown, two such inclined edges 8, 9, or more such inclined edges 8, 9.

[0043] The basic shape of the foil 1 is essentially still rectangular, although the additional beveled edges 8, 9 give it a hexagonal shape (without taking into account the recess 10 explained below).

[0044] The semicircular recess 10 on the lower longitudinal edge 5 of the film 1 has the advantage that, in the inserted state, the correctly inserted side of the film 1 is easily identifiable and that the film 1 cannot be wound up, as in Fig. Figure 3 is simplified because the foil 1 tends to be wound more easily at the cutout 10.

[0045] The threads 2, 3 also run obliquely to the inclined edges 8, 9, preferably at a different angle than to the other edges 4, 5, 6, 7. With appropriate choice of geometries, in particular angles between the inclined edges 8, 9 and the other edges 4, 5, 6, 7 and a diagonal (45°) course of the threads 2, 3 to these, the threads 2, 3 can run essentially perpendicular or parallel to the inclined edges 8, 9.

[0046] The beveled edges 8, 9 have the additional advantage that the foil 1, as in Fig. As shown in Figure 4, it can be slid onto component 100 much more easily. Here, the sheet 1 is preferably slid loosely, i.e., with play, onto component 100, so that component 100 can move within and relative to it, as shown by arrow 101. The angled edges 8 and 9 also have the advantage that the movable component 100, as shown in Figure 4, can be moved along the sheet 100. Fig. 4 shown, can be inserted much more easily into the component 110 which is immobile with the already attached foil.

[0047] The transverse edges 4, 6 of the film 1 preferably form a butt joint of the film 1 in its wound state. In the exemplary case of a parallelogram shape of the film 1, the butt joint of the film 1 can, for example, be spiral-shaped.

[0048] Now, based on the Fig. 5 a preferred application of the foil 1 in a device with the aforementioned component 100 is described, wherein the Fig. Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic actuator 110 (hereinafter referred to as "actuator") according to the present invention.

[0049] In the present example, the actuator 110 comprises an electromagnet 111, a movable armature 112 (which is the aforementioned component 100), and at least one, specifically exactly one, foil 1 as described above. The foil 1 serves to mount the armature 112 in a so-called armature chamber of the actuator 110, in which the armature 112 is thus movably mounted. The armature 112 is moved electromagnetically by the electromagnet 111.

[0050] As detailed in Fig. Figure 4 shows that the foil 1, in its wound state, is essentially cylindrical and wraps around the armature 100 / 112.

[0051] The actuator 110 also has a pole core 113, an anchor rod 114 and a yoke 115, wherein the foil 1 is arranged radially between the anchor 112 and the yoke 115 and radially between the anchor 112 and the pole core 113, in particular directly between these.

[0052] In this case, the foil 1 projects along a direction of movement or longitudinal axis 116 of the anchor 112 from a distal end 117 to a pole-core-side end 118 of the anchor 112, more precisely to the pole core 113, and is in contact with the pole core 113 with its lower longitudinal edge 5. The foil 1 is also in contact with the pole core 113 and with the anchor 112 with its transverse edges 4, 6, although this is not shown due to the cross-sectional view (compare Fig. 4) In an area where there is a distance between the pole core 113 and the yoke 115 along the longitudinal direction 116, the foil 1 is arranged radially between the armature 112 and the electromagnet 111.

[0053] In the Fig.Figure 5 also shows a circled area 119. In this area, the film 1 is arranged on several components, namely the armature 112, the yoke 115, and the pole core 113. In this area 119, creasing of the film has often been observed in conventional applications, as a conventional, less dimensionally stable film is pinched and compressed by the movement of the armature 112 between the yoke 115 and the pole core 113. In the present invention, this problem has been solved because the inclined orientation of the fibers 2, 3 prevents creasing or pinching of the film 1. Furthermore, the reduced static friction of the film 1 (directly and indirectly through the increased adhesion of the lubricating oil) on the armature 112 prevents it from being pushed against the pole core 113 over time (higher shear strength), where creasing has also been conventionally observed.

[0054] The present invention thus provides a foil 1 which provides a uniform F / S characteristic curve by smoothing out shape deviations of component 100, provides a reduced mechanical hysteresis of component 100, has high robustness and a low reject rate.

[0055] This also increases the lifespan of slide 1 and thus also of the author 110.

[0056] The film 1 also has a reduced static friction compared to film cassettes, resulting in improved handling of the film 1 during assembly of the actuator 110.

[0057] It should be noted that the actuator 110 is a preferred example of a device in which the foil 1 is used. The foil 1 is advantageously applicable in various devices with electromagnetically driven moving components 100. The present foil 1 is particularly suitable for bearings with foil 1 and in conjunction with low hysteresis requirements and low-friction specifications. The foil 1 is especially applicable when components of an armature chamber are made up of different individual parts (for example, injection-molded inserts) and an ideal cylindrical shape cannot be achieved even after post-processing.

[0058] For example, if a gear magnet design requires a thin film, the present film 1 can be used. Furthermore, an application in motor technology is conceivable, where a canned tube is used, and the present film 1 can be used as such a canned tube. This is particularly relevant when increased buckling load requirements apply.

[0059] In addition to the above written description of the invention, explicit reference is hereby made to the graphic representation of the invention in the figures for its supplementary disclosure. Reference symbol list 1 slide 2 warp threads 3 weft threads 4 Cross edge (edge) 5 Long edge (edge) 6. Cross edge (edge) 7 Long edge (edge) 8 Beveled edge 9 Beveled edge 10 recesses 11 more threads 100 components 101 Direction of movement (arrow) 110 electromagnetic actuators 111 Electromagnet 112 Anchor (component) 113 Pole core 114 Anchor rod 115 yoke 116 Longitudinal axis (direction of movement of the anchor) 117 distal end of the anchor 118 pole-side end of the anchor Area 119

Claims

Foil (1) for mounting electromagnetically driven moving components (100); wherein: the foil (1) has a woven structure with a plurality of threads (2, 3, 11), in particular warp threads (2) and weft threads (3); and the foil (1) is cut such that threads (2, 3, 11), in particular the warp threads (2) and weft threads (3), run obliquely with respect to at least one edge (4 - 9) of the foil (1). Foil (1) according to claim 1, wherein the warp threads (2) run substantially at right angles to the weft threads (3). Foil (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the foil (1) has at least four edges (4 - 9), two longitudinal edges (5, 7) and two transverse edges (4, 6). Foil (1) according to claim 3, wherein the warp threads (2) and / or the weft threads (3) run obliquely with respect to at least the longitudinal edges (5, 7) or the transverse edges (4, 6). Foil (1) according to claim 4, wherein the warp threads (2) and / or the weft threads (3) run obliquely with respect to the longitudinal edges (5, 7) and the transverse edges (4, 6). Foil (1) according to one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the foil (1) has more than four edges (4 - 9), wherein the foil (1) has at least one inclined edge (8, 9) which runs obliquely with respect to the longitudinal and transverse edges (4 - 7). Foil (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the warp threads (2) and the weft threads (3) run obliquely by about 35° - 55°, in particular about 45°, with respect to at least one edge (4 - 9) of the foil (1). Foil (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the foil (1), in particular at least a part of the threads (4 - 9), comprises polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE, and in particular has a thickness of about 0.07 mm or less, in particular of about 0.05 mm or less. Electromagnetic actuator (110) comprising: an electromagnet (111); a movable armature (100 / 112) which is electromagnetically movable by the electromagnet (111); and at least one foil (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the at least one foil (1) is substantially cylindrical in the wound state and wraps around the armature (100 / 112). Electromagnetic actuator (110) according to claim 9, wherein the armature (100 / 112) is movable within the film (1) and relative to the film (1).

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