ELECTRIC POWER GENERATOR AND COMPONENT FOR A HUMAN-POWERED VEHICLE

Abstract

An electrical energy generator 70 comprises an energy generation unit 72 configured to generate electrical energy by magnetostrictive energy generation. The energy generation unit 72 includes an oscillating section 74 with a magnetostrictive element 76, coils 78 that generate electrical energy when the oscillating section 74 oscillates, and at least one magnetic flux generator 80. The coils 78 include a first coil 78A and a second coil 78B, which differs from the first coil 78A. The first coil 78A differs from the second coil 78B in the number of turns per unit length.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an electric energy generator and a component for a human-powered vehicle.

[0002] An example of an electrical energy generator using a magnetostrictive material is disclosed in JP 2021 136 826 A.

[0003] One objective of the present invention is to provide an electrical energy generator and a component for a human-powered vehicle that preferably generates electrical energy.

[0004] An electrical energy generator according to a first aspect of the present invention comprises an energy generation unit configured to generate electrical energy by magnetostrictive energy generation. The energy generation unit includes an oscillating section with a magnetostrictive element, coils that generate electrical energy when the oscillating section oscillates, and at least one magnetic flux generator. The coils comprise a first coil and a second coil, which differs from the first coil. The first coil differs from the second coil in the number of turns per unit length.

[0005] In the electric energy generator according to the first aspect, the coils differ from one another in the number of turns per unit length. This allows each coil to have a number of turns suitable for its location. Accordingly, the electric energy generator produces electrical energy in a preferred manner.

[0006] According to a second aspect of the present invention, the electrical power generator according to the first aspect further comprises rectifier circuits. The rectifier circuits include a first rectifier circuit and a second rectifier circuit. The first coil is connected to the first rectifier circuit. The second coil is connected to the second rectifier circuit. In the electrical power generator according to the second aspect, the coils are each connected to a different rectifier circuit. This allows the electrical energy generated by the coils to be rectified in a preferred manner.

[0007] According to a third aspect of the present invention, the electrical power generator according to the first aspect further comprises a rectifier circuit. The coils are connected to the rectifier circuit. In the electrical power generator according to the third aspect, all coils are connected to the single rectifier circuit. This limits the number of components.

[0008] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the electrical energy generator according to the first aspect is configured such that at least one of the coils is provided on the oscillation section. In the electrical energy generator according to the fourth aspect, at least one of the coils provided on the oscillation section oscillates when the oscillation section oscillates. Thus, the energy generation unit advantageously generates electrical energy when the oscillation section oscillates.

[0009] According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the electrical energy generator according to the fourth aspect further comprises a support extending in a first direction and supporting the oscillating section in such a way that the oscillating section can oscillate. The oscillating section includes a first oscillating section end supported by the support and a second oscillating section end on a side opposite the first oscillating section end. In the electrical energy generator according to the fifth aspect, the oscillating section is preferably supported by the support extending in the first direction.

[0010] According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the electrical energy generator according to the fifth aspect is configured such that the first coil and the second coil are provided at the oscillation section. The first coil is arranged closer to the first end of the oscillation section than the second coil. In the electrical energy generator according to the sixth aspect, the first coil and the second coil are provided at the oscillation section. The first coil and the second coil oscillate with the oscillation section. Thus, the energy generation unit preferably generates electrical energy when the oscillation section oscillates.

[0011] According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the electrical energy generator according to the sixth aspect is configured such that the number of turns per unit length of the first coil is greater than the number of turns per unit length of the second coil. In the electrical energy generator according to the seventh aspect, the first coil, which has a greater number of turns per unit length than the second coil, is positioned closer to the first end of the oscillating section than the second coil on one side. When the oscillating section is oscillating, the bending moment is greater at points closer to the first end of the oscillating section, which is the end supported by the frame. As the bending moment increases, the inverse magnetostrictive effect also increases. This enhances the efficiency of the electrical energy generation by the coils.Accordingly, the electric energy generator preferentially produces electrical energy.

[0012] According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, the electrical energy generator according to the fifth aspect is designed such that at least one of the coils has a greater number of turns per unit length at locations closer to the first end of the oscillation section. In the electrical energy generator according to the eighth aspect, at least one of the coils has a greater number of turns per unit length at locations closer to the first end of the oscillation section. This increases the efficiency of the electrical energy generation of the electrical energy generator.

[0013] According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the electrical energy generator according to the fifth aspect is configured such that the at least one magnetic flux generator comprises several magnetic flux generators. The electrical energy generator according to the ninth aspect includes several magnetic flux generators. This increases the efficiency of the electrical energy generation of the electrical energy generator.

[0014] According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, the electrical energy generator according to the ninth aspect is configured such that the magnetic flux generators comprise a first magnetic flux generator and a second magnetic flux generator, which differs from the first magnetic flux generator. The first magnetic flux generator is arranged closer to the first end of the oscillation section than the second magnetic flux generator. The second magnetic flux generator is arranged closer to the second end of the oscillation section than the first magnetic flux generator. In the electrical energy generator according to the tenth aspect, the first magnetic flux generator and the second magnetic flux generator are each arranged at a position in the oscillation section closer to the first end of the oscillation section and at a position in the oscillation section closer to the second end of the oscillation section.Thus, a magnetic field is formed in a preferred manner between each of the first magnetic flux generator and the second magnetic flux generator and at least one coil provided at the oscillation section.

[0015] According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, the electric energy generator according to the fifth aspect further comprises a magnetic flux generator holder extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction and equipped with at least one magnetic flux generator. The first coil and the second coil are provided on the oscillation section. The at least one magnetic flux generator includes a first magnetic flux generator arranged in the magnetic flux generator holder at a position corresponding to the first coil, and a second magnetic flux generator, which differs from the first magnetic flux generator and is arranged in the magnetic flux generator holder at a position corresponding to the second coil. In the electric energy generator according to the eleventh aspect, the first coil generates electrical energy using the magnetic flux generated by the first magnetic flux generator.The second coil generates electrical energy using the magnetic flux generated by the second magnetic flux generator.

[0016] According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, the electrical energy generator according to the eleventh aspect is configured such that the magnetic flux generator holder includes a first holder end arranged towards the support and a second holder end arranged further away from the support than the first holder end. The first magnetic flux generator is provided at the first holder end. The second magnetic flux generator is provided at the second holder end. In the electrical energy generator according to the twelfth aspect, the first coil preferably generates electrical energy using the magnetic flux generated by the first magnetic flux generator provided at the first holder end. The second coil generates electrical energy using the magnetic flux generated by the second magnetic flux generator provided at the second holder end.

[0017] According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the electric energy generator according to the eleventh aspect is configured such that the magnetic flux generator holder is separate from the support. In the electric energy generator according to the thirteenth aspect, at least one magnetic flux generator is supported by a magnetic flux generator holder that is separate from the support.

[0018] According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, the electric power generator according to the tenth aspect further comprises a magnetic flux generator holder extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction and provided with the second magnetic flux generator, and an extension provided on one side of the support opposite the oscillation section in the second direction. The first magnetic flux generator is provided on one side of the support opposite the oscillation section in the second direction. The extension extends in the first direction toward the first magnetic flux generator. The extension and the first magnetic flux generator are spaced apart from each other by a gap. In the electric power generator according to the fourteenth aspect, the extension does not contact the second magnetic flux generator.

[0019] According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, the electrical energy generator according to the ninth aspect is configured such that one of the magnetic flux generators is arranged in a position corresponding to the space between two adjacent coils. In the electrical energy generator according to the fifteenth aspect, the coils generate electrical energy with the magnetic flux generator, which is arranged in a position corresponding to the space between two adjacent coils.

[0020] According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, the electrical energy generator according to the first aspect is configured such that the at least one magnetic flux generator includes a permanent magnet. With the electrical energy generator according to the sixteenth aspect, the coils preferably generate electrical energy with the permanent magnet.

[0021] According to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, the electric energy generator according to the fourth aspect further comprises a support extending in a first direction and supporting the oscillating section in such a way that the oscillating section can oscillate, a magnetic flux generator holder extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction and provided with at least one magnetic flux generator, and an additional coil that generates electrical energy when the oscillating section oscillates. The additional coil is provided on at least one of the support and the magnetic flux generator holder. With the electric energy generator according to the seventeenth aspect, electrical energy is generated by the additional coil in addition to the coils. This further improves the efficiency of the electric energy generation of the electric energy generator.

[0022] According to an eighteenth aspect of the present invention, the electrical energy generator according to the seventeenth aspect is configured such that the additional coil is provided on the magnetic flux generator holder. With the electrical energy generator according to the eighteenth aspect, electrical energy is generated by the coils provided on the oscillation section and the additional coil provided on the magnetic flux generator holder.

[0023] According to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention, the electrical energy generator according to the first aspect further comprises an actuating section that can be operated by a user. The oscillating section is configured to oscillate when the user operates the actuating section. With the electrical energy generator according to the nineteenth aspect, the energy generation unit generates electrical energy in accordance with the actuation performed by the user on the actuating section.

[0024] A component according to a twentieth aspect of the present invention is provided for a human-powered vehicle. The component comprises the electric energy generator according to any one of the first to nineteenth aspects, a transmitter configured to transmit a predetermined signal to another component using electrical energy generated by the electric energy generator, and a controller configured to control the transmitter so that the transmitter transmits the predetermined signal.

[0025] In the component according to the twentieth aspect, the control unit transmits the predetermined signal, along with the electrical energy generated by the electrical energy generator, via the transmitter to another component.

[0026] According to a twenty-first aspect of the present invention, the component according to the twentieth aspect further comprises an actuating device configured to actuate the other component. In the component according to the twenty-first aspect, the control unit transmits the predetermined signal, along with the electrical energy generated by the electrical power generator, to the other component via the actuating device.

[0027] According to a twenty-second aspect of the present invention, the component according to the twentieth aspect further comprises a crank arm of the human-powered vehicle and an oscillator that sets the oscillation section into oscillation by magnetic force. The electrical energy generator is provided on the crank arm. The oscillator is provided on a pedal of the human-powered vehicle. In the component according to the twenty-second aspect, the electrical energy generator produces electrical energy using the oscillator provided on the pedal.

[0028] According to a twenty-third aspect of the present invention, the component according to the twentieth aspect further comprises a housing that accommodates at least part of the electrical power generator. The transmitter is arranged on an outer surface of the housing. With the component according to the twenty-third aspect, the transmitter is arranged on the outer surface of the housing. Thus, the predetermined signal is preferably transmitted to another component.

[0029] According to the present invention, the electrical energy generator and the component for a human-powered vehicle preferably generate electrical energy.

[0030] A more complete appreciation of the invention and many of its associated advantages will be readily understood if one considers the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying figures, whereby Fig. 1 is a side view of a human-powered vehicle which includes an electric power generator and a component for a human-powered vehicle in a first embodiment; Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the component for a human-powered vehicle, which is shown in Fig. 1 shows an electric energy generator; Fig. 3 is a top view of the electric power generator and the component for a human-powered vehicle, which is in Fig. 2 are shown without a lid being shown; Fig. 4 A cross-sectional view of the electrical power generator and the component for a human-powered vehicle along the in Fig. The line shown in 3 is D4-D4; Fig. 5 a perspective view of the in Fig. The electrical energy generator shown in section 3 is; Fig. 6. An electrical circuit diagram is one that shows the electrical configuration of the device in Fig. Figure 2 shows the electrical energy generator and the component for a human-powered vehicle; Fig. 7 is a top view of an electric power generator and a component for a human-powered vehicle in a second embodiment without a cover; Fig. 8 a representation of the construction of an electrical energy generator, and of coils and a magnetic flux generator of a component for a human-powered vehicle in a third embodiment; Fig. 9 is a top view of an electric power generator and a component for a human-powered vehicle in a fourth embodiment without a cover; Fig. 10 is a representation showing a section of a crank arm and a pedal in a fifth embodiment; Fig. 11 is an electrical circuit diagram showing the electrical configuration of an electric power generator and component for a human-powered vehicle in a modified example; Fig. 12. A top view of an electric power generator and a component for a human-powered vehicle in a modified example without a cover; and Fig. Figure 13 shows a representation of the construction of an electrical energy generator, and of coils and a magnetic flux generator of a component for a human-powered vehicle in a modified example.

[0031] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the different drawings denote corresponding or identical elements.

[0032] A first embodiment of an electric energy generator 70 and a component 50 for a human-powered vehicle is now described with reference to the Fig. 1 to 6 described.

[0033] A human-powered vehicle 10 is a vehicle that includes at least one wheel and is propelled by at least one human power. For example, a human-powered vehicle 10 includes various types of bicycles, such as a mountain bike, a racing bike, a city bike, a cargo bike, a handbike, and a recumbent bike. The number of wheels on a human-powered vehicle 10 is not limited. For example, a human-powered vehicle 10 includes a unicycle and a vehicle with two or more wheels. A human-powered vehicle 10 is not limited to a vehicle designed to be propelled solely by human power. A human-powered vehicle 10 includes an e-bike that, in addition to human power, uses the power of an electric motor for propulsion. An e-bike includes an electrically assisted bicycle that uses an electric motor to assist its propulsion.In the embodiments described below, the human-powered vehicle 10 refers to an electrically assisted bicycle.

[0034] In this description, terms denoting directions such as 'front', 'back', 'forward', 'backward', 'left', 'right', 'sideways', 'up' and 'down', as well as other analogous terms denoting directions, refer to the view of a rider looking at the handlebars from a reference position (for example, on the saddle or seat) of the human-powered vehicle.

[0035] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 1, the human-powered vehicle 10 includes, for example, a vehicle body 12 and a wheel 14. The wheel 14 includes, for example, a front wheel 14F and a rear wheel 14R. The rear wheel 14R is a drive wheel of the human-powered vehicle 10.

[0036] The front wheel 14F is a driven wheel of the human-powered vehicle 10. The front wheel 14F can be a driven wheel of the human-powered vehicle 10. In a case where the front wheel 14F is a driven wheel of the human-powered vehicle 10, the rear wheel 14R is also a driven wheel of the human-powered vehicle 10.

[0037] The vehicle body 12 includes, for example, a frame 16. A saddle 16A is coupled to the frame 16. The human-powered vehicle 10 includes, for example, a crank 18 into which human power is applied. The crank 18 includes, for example, a crank axle 20 designed to rotate relative to the frame 16, and crank arms 22A and 22B located at opposite axial ends of the crank axle 20. The crank arms 22A and 22B are each coupled to pedals 24A and 24B, respectively. The drive wheel is driven, for example, according to the rotation of the crank 18. The rear wheel 14R is supported, for example, by the frame 16.

[0038] The crank 18 is coupled to the drive wheel via a drive mechanism 26. The drive mechanism 26 includes, for example, a first rotating body 28, which is coupled to the crank shaft 20. The crank shaft 20 and the first rotating body 28 can be coupled such that they rotate integrally with each other, or they can be coupled via a first one-way coupling. In one example, the first one-way coupling is configured to rotate the first rotating body 28 forward when the crank shaft 20 rotates forward. In another example, the first one-way coupling is configured to allow rotation of the crank shaft 20 relative to the first rotating body 28 when the crank shaft 20 rotates backward. The first rotating body 28 includes, for example, a sprocket, a pulley, or a bevel gear.

[0039] The drive mechanism 26 further includes, for example, a second rotating body 30 and a connecting element 32. The connecting element 32 transmits the rotational force of the first rotating body 28 to the second rotating body 30. The connecting element 32 includes, for example, a chain, a belt, or a shaft.

[0040] The second rotating body 30 is coupled to the drive wheel, for example. The second rotating body 30 includes, for example, a sprocket, a pulley, or a bevel gear. For example, a second one-way coupling is provided in a transmission path for the human driving force between the second rotating body 30 and the drive wheel. In one example, the second one-way coupling is configured to rotate the drive wheel forward when the second rotating body 30 rotates forward. In another example, the second one-way coupling is configured to allow rotation of the second rotating body 30 relative to the drive wheel when the second rotating body 30 rotates backward.

[0041] The front wheel 14F is, for example, coupled to the frame 16 via a front fork 34. A handlebar 38 is coupled to the front fork 34 via a stem 36. In the present embodiment, the rear wheel 14R is connected to the crank 18 via the drive mechanism 26. At least one of the front wheel 14F and the rear wheel 14R can be coupled to the crank 18 via the drive mechanism 26.

[0042] The human-powered vehicle 10 includes, for example, a further component 40. The further component 40 includes, for example, at least one of a transmission device 40A, an adjustable seat post 40B, a suspension 40C, a drive unit 40D, a brake device 40E and a lamp 40F.

[0043] The transmission device 40A is designed to change the gear ratio of the human-powered vehicle 10 according to the selected gear stage. For example, the gear ratio of the human-powered vehicle 10 is a ratio of the rotational speed of the rear wheel 14R to the rotational speed of the crank 18. The transmission device 40A includes, for example, an external transmission device. The external transmission device is, for example, located on the frame 16. The external transmission device includes, for example, a rear derailleur. The external transmission device may also include a front derailleur. The transmission device 40A may also include an internal transmission device. The internal transmission device is, for example, located on a hub of the rear wheel 14R. The internal transmission device may also be located on the hub of the front wheel 14F.

[0044] The transmission device 40A includes, for example, an electric transmission device. The transmission device 40A includes, for example, an electrically actuated actuator. The transmission device 40A is designed, for example, to switch the gear ratio of the human-powered vehicle 10 according to an actuation signal.

[0045] The adjustable seatpost 40B is designed to change the height of the saddle 16A relative to the frame 16. The adjustable seatpost 40B is, for example, provided on the frame 16. The adjustable seatpost 40B includes, for example, an electrically adjustable seatpost. The adjustable seatpost 40B includes, for example, an electrically actuated actuator. The actuator of the adjustable seatpost 40B is designed, for example, to change the height of the saddle 16A relative to the frame 16 according to an actuation signal.

[0046] The suspension 40C is designed to absorb shocks acting on at least one of the rear wheel 14R and the front wheel 14F. The suspension 40C is provided, for example, on the frame 16. The suspension 40C can also be provided on the front fork 34.

[0047] The suspension 40C can be a coil spring, a hydraulic spring, or an air spring. The suspension 40C includes, for example, at least one rear suspension provided on the frame 16 and one front suspension provided on the front fork 34.

[0048] The suspension 40C comprises a first part and a second part that is fitted into the first part. The first part of the suspension 40C is coupled, for example, to the axle of the rear wheel 14R or the front wheel 14F. The second part of the suspension 40C is coupled, for example, to the frame 16. When the second part of the suspension 40C moves relative to the first part of the suspension 40C, the suspension 40C absorbs shocks acting on at least one of the front wheel 14F and the rear wheel 14R.

[0049] Suspension 40C includes, for example, an electric suspension. Suspension 40C includes, for example, an electrically actuated actuator. The actuator of suspension 40C is designed, for example, to change the amount of relative movement permissible between the first part and the second part according to an actuation signal.

[0050] The drive unit 40D is configured to exert a driving force on the human-powered vehicle 10. The drive unit 40D is, for example, mounted on the frame 16. The drive unit 40D includes, for example, an actuator that is actuated by electrical energy. The actuator of the drive unit 40D includes, for example, a motor. The actuator of the drive unit 40D is configured, for example, to change the ratio of the motor driving force to the human driving force according to an actuation signal. The drive unit 40D is configured, for example, to output a motor driving force corresponding to the human driving force applied to the crank 18.

[0051] The braking device 40E is designed to slow down or stop the human-powered vehicle 10. The braking device 40E is, for example, provided on the frame 16. The braking device 40E includes, for example, a rear wheel brake and a front wheel brake. The braking device 40E includes, for example, an electric braking device. The braking device 40E includes, for example, an electrically actuated actuator. The actuator of the braking device 40E is designed, for example, to change the braking force on the human-powered vehicle 10 according to an actuation signal.

[0052] The lamp 40F includes, for example, a front lamp. In one example, the front lamp is attached to the human-powered vehicle 10 to illuminate the front of the human-powered vehicle 10. The lamp 40F can also include a rear lamp. In one example, the rear lamp is attached to the human-powered vehicle 10 to illuminate the rear of the human-powered vehicle 10. The lamp 40F includes, for example, a light source that emits light using electrical energy. The lamp 40F is configured, for example, to change the light emission state of the light source according to an actuation signal.

[0053] The in Fig. Component 50, shown in Figure 2, is provided, for example, on the human-powered vehicle 10 so that it can be operated by a user. The user includes, for example, a driver of the human-powered vehicle 10. The user can also include a mechanic who performs maintenance work on the human-powered vehicle 10. Component 50 includes, for example, an actuating device 50A, which is configured to actuate the further component 40.

[0054] Component 50 includes, for example, a housing 52. The housing 52 is, for example, rectangular-box shaped. The shape of the housing 52 can deviate from a rectangular box. The housing 52 can be cylindrical or the like. The shape of the housing 52 can be modified in any way.

[0055] Case 52, for example, is attached to the one in Fig. The housing 52 is attached to the handlebar 38 shown in Figure 1. The housing 52 can be attached to the frame 16 or to a section of the human-powered vehicle 10 near the handlebar 38. The housing 52 can be integrated into the frame 16.

[0056] As in the Fig. As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the housing 52 includes, for example, a base 52A, side walls 52B, and a lid 52C. The base 52A, the side walls 52B, and the lid 52C each contain, for example, a plate element. In one example, the base 52A and the side walls 52B are integrally formed.

[0057] In one example, the lid 52C and the base 52A are arranged so that they face each other. The lid 52C can be integral with the base 52A and the side walls 52B, or it can be designed so that the lid 52C is removable from the base 52A and the side walls 52B. The lid 52C has, for example, a first through-opening 52D.

[0058] The base 52A and the lid 52C each have, for example, short sides extending in a first direction A1. The base 52A, the side walls 52B, and the lid 52C each have, for example, long sides extending in a second direction A2, which intersects the first direction A1. The side walls 52B each have, for example, short sides extending in a third direction A3, which intersects the first direction A1 and the second direction A2.

[0059] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 4, the housing 52 includes, for example, a partition 52E. The partition 52E is provided, for example, between the base 52A and the cover 52C in the third direction A3. The partition 52E has, for example, a plate element. The partition 52E has, for example, long sides extending in the second direction A2. The partition 52E has, for example, short sides extending in the first direction A1. The partition 52E has an end 52F in the second direction A2. The end 52F is integrally formed with the side wall 52B. The partition 52E has another end 52G in the second direction A2. The end 52G is not in contact with the side walls 52B. The partition 52E includes, for example, at least one second through-opening 52H.

[0060] In one example, the enclosure 52 contains a first chamber S1, a second chamber S2, and a third chamber S3. The first chamber S1 is defined, for example, between the lid 52C and the partition 52E. The second chamber S2 is defined, for example, between the base 52A and the partition 52E. The third chamber S3 is defined, for example, at the end 52G of the partition 52E in the enclosure 52. The third chamber S3 is defined, for example, between the base 52A and the lid 52C in the third direction A3. The third chamber S3 extends, for example, in the third direction A3. The third chamber S3 is connected, for example, to each of the first chamber S1 and the second chamber S2.

[0061] Component 50 includes, for example, an actuating section 92. Actuating section 92 can be actuated, for example, by a user. In a case where the further component 40 includes the gearing device 40A, component 50 can include a first component containing an actuating section 92 for increasing the transmission ratio and a second component containing an actuating section 92 for decreasing the transmission ratio. In a case where the further component 40 includes the gearing device 40A, component 50 can include an actuating section 92 for increasing the transmission ratio and an actuating section 92 for decreasing the transmission ratio. In a case where component 50 includes multiple actuating sections 92, component 50 can include energy generation units 72, each assigned to one of the actuating sections 92.

[0062] In one example, at least part of the actuating section 92 protrudes from the housing 52. For instance, the actuating section 92 protrudes from the housing 52 through the first through-opening 52D of the cover 52C. In a case where the component 50 includes several actuating sections 92, the actuating sections 92 can be provided on one housing 52, or the actuating sections 92 can each be provided in a different housing 52.

[0063] At least part of the actuating section 92 is, for example, located in the third space S3. The actuating section 92 is, for example, provided on the housing 52 and movable in the third direction A3. In one example, the actuating section 92 moves in the third direction A3 when the user actuates the actuating section 92. In another example, the actuating section 92 moves from the cover 52C towards the base 52A when the user pushes the actuating section 92. In another example, the actuating section 92 is a switch button. The actuating section 92 can be configured to move in the third direction A3 when the user pulls the actuating section 92.

[0064] Component 50 includes, for example, an elastic element 54. The elastic element 54 is designed, for example, to pre-tension the actuating section 92 from the base 52A towards the cover 52C. In an example, when the actuating section 92 is not actuated by the user, the elastic element 54 pre-tensions the actuating section 92 so that the actuating section 92 protrudes from the housing 52. The elastic element 54 includes, for example, a compression spring. In a case where the user presses the actuating section 92 to move it from the cover 52C towards the base 52A, and then releases the actuating section 92, the elastic element 54 moves the actuating section 92 from the base 52A towards the cover 52C.

[0065] As in the Fig. 4 and Fig. As shown in Figure 6, component 50 of the human-powered vehicle includes, for example, the electric energy generator 70, a transmitter 56, and a control unit 58. The housing 52, for example, accommodates at least part of the electric energy generator 70. The transmitter 56 and the control unit 58 are designed to be actuated by electrical energy generated by the electric energy generator 70.

[0066] Transmitter 56 is configured to transmit, for example, a predetermined signal to the other component 40 using the electrical energy generated by the electrical energy generator 70. In one example, transmitter 56 transmits a predetermined signal to the other component 40 via wireless communication. The communication protocol between component 50 and the other component 40 is not particularly restricted. Examples of communication protocols include Bluetooth (registered trademark), Near Field Communication (NFC), ANT (registered trademark), ANT+ (registered trademark), Wi-Fi (registered trademark), and any generation of mobile communication system. The communication protocol between component 50 and the other component 40 can be a unique communication protocol.

[0067] The controller 58 is configured, for example, to control the transmitter 56 so that the transmitter 56 transmits the predetermined signal. The controller 58 includes, for example, processors that execute predetermined control programs. The processor includes, for example, a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessor unit (MPU). The controller 58 can include one or more microcomputers. The controller 58 can include multiple processors arranged in separate locations. In one example, in a case where the actuating section 92 is actuated, the controller 58 is configured to control the transmitter 56 and output the predetermined signal, using electrical energy generated by the electrical energy generator 70, to the further component 40, which is located in Fig. 1 is shown.

[0068] Component 50 includes, for example, a circuit 60. Circuit 60 includes, for example, an electrical substrate 60A. The electrical substrate 60A is provided, for example, in the second compartment S2 of the housing 52. In one example, the electrical substrate 60A is flat and extends in the third direction A3. The electrical substrate 60A is, for example, attached to the partition 52E. Circuit 60 may include a detector configured to detect movement of the actuating section 92.

[0069] The transmitter 56 and the controller 58 are, for example, attached to the electrical substrate 60A. The transmitter 56 and the controller 58 can each be mounted on a different circuit board. A memory can be attached to the electrical substrate 60A. The memory includes, for example, non-volatile memory and volatile memory.

[0070] Component 50 can be in Fig. The electrical energy storage device 62 shown in Figure 6 is designed to store electrical energy generated by the electrical energy generator 70. The electrical energy storage device 62 is, for example, provided on the electrical substrate 60A. The electrical energy storage device 62 includes, for example, a capacitor. The transmitter 56 and the control unit 58 can be supplied with electrical energy from the electrical energy generator 70 via the electrical energy storage device 62.

[0071] As in the Fig. As shown in Figures 3 to 5, the electrical energy generator 70 comprises, for example, an energy generation unit 72 configured to generate electrical energy by magnetostrictive energy generation. The energy generation unit 72 is arranged, for example, in the first compartment S1 of the housing 52. The energy generation unit 72 includes, for example, an oscillation section 74 containing a magnetostrictive element 76, coils 78 that generate electrical energy when the oscillation section 74 oscillates, and at least one magnetic flux generator 80.

[0072] The electric energy generator 70 further includes, for example, a support 82 extending in the first direction A1 and supporting the oscillating section 74 in such a way that the oscillating section 74 can oscillate. The support 82 includes, for example, a yoke. The support 82 is coupled, for example, to the housing 52. At least part of the support 82 is made, for example, of a magnetic material. The magnetic material is, for example, soft magnetic iron steel. The support 82 is attached, for example, to the side walls 52B.

[0073] In one example, the oscillation section 74 includes a first oscillation section end 74A, which is supported by the support 82, and a second oscillation section end 74B on one side opposite the first oscillation section end 74A. The support 82 includes a first support 82A and a second support 82B. The first oscillation section end 74A is positioned between the first support 82A and the second support 82B in the third direction A3. The support 82 sandwiches the first oscillation section end 74A between the first support 82A and the second support 82B to support the oscillation section 74 in such a way that the oscillation section 74 can oscillate. The oscillation section 74 includes a mounting section 74X to which the magnetostrictive element 76 is attached. The magnetostrictive element 76 is attached to the mounting section 74X with an adhesive.

[0074] The magnetostrictive element 76, for example, contains a magnetostrictive material. This magnetostrictive material is, for example, an Fe-Ga alloy. The magnetostrictive element 76 is positioned, for example, on the oscillation section 74 such that it oscillates in the third direction A3. The magnetostrictive element 76 has a permeability that changes when it expands and contracts. This expansion and contraction of the magnetostrictive element 76 changes its magnetization direction.

[0075] The magnetostrictive element 76, for example, is plate-shaped. Viewed in the first direction A1, the magnetostrictive element 76, with its fastening section 74X, is sandwiched between the first support 82A and the second support 82B. Thus, the magnetostrictive element 76 is supported by the support 82.

[0076] The electric energy generator 70 further includes, for example, a magnetic flux generator holder 84, which extends in the second direction A2, intersecting the first direction A1, and with which at least one magnetic flux generator 80 is provided. The magnetic flux generator holder 84 includes, for example, a yoke. The magnetic flux generator holder 84 is attached, for example, to the housing 52. At least a part of the magnetic flux generator holder 84 is, for example, made of a magnetic material. The magnetic flux generator holder 84 is attached, for example, to the side walls 52B. In the present embodiment, the magnetic flux generator holder 84 is, for example, integrally formed with the support 82. The magnetic flux generator holder 84 is, for example, separate from the oscillation section 74 in the third direction A3.

[0077] For example, at least one magnetic flux generator 80, the carrier 82 and the magnetic flux generator holder 84 form a closed magnetic circuit M1, which is in Fig. Figure 3 shows that at least one magnetic flux generator 80 is arranged between the oscillation section 74 and the magnetic flux generator holder 84 in the first direction A1. At least one magnetic flux generator 80 increases the magnetic flux density of a magnetic flux extending through the magnetostrictive element 76. Thus, the generating voltage of the electric power generator 70 is increased by at least one magnetic flux generator 80. At least one magnetic flux generator 80 includes, for example, a permanent magnet. In the present embodiment, at least one magnetic flux generator 80 includes, for example, a permanent magnet entirely. At least one magnetic flux generator 80 can include an electromagnet.

[0078] The magnetic flux generator holder 84 includes, for example, a first holder end 84A, which is arranged in the direction of the support 82, and a second holder end 84B, which is arranged further away from the support 82 than the first holder end 84A. The first holder end 84A includes, for example, an end of the magnetic flux generator holder 84 that is arranged close to the support 82, and the area surrounding the end of the magnetic flux generator holder 84 that is arranged closer to the support 82. The second holder end 84B includes, for example, an end of the magnetic flux generator holder 84 that is arranged further away from the support 82 than the first holder end 84A, and the area surrounding the end of the magnetic flux generator holder 84 that is arranged further away from the support 82 than the first holder end 84A.

[0079] In the present embodiment, at least one magnetic flux generator 80 includes a magnetic flux generator 80. In the present embodiment, the magnetic flux generator 80 is arranged on the magnetic flux generator holder 84 at a position closer to the second holder end 84B than to the first holder end 84A.

[0080] At least one of the coils 78 is provided, for example, on the oscillation section 74. In the present embodiment, all coils 78 are provided on the oscillation section 74. At least one of the coils 78 is formed, for example, by winding a coil wire onto the oscillation section 74. At least one of the coils 78 can be formed by winding a coil wire onto a device. In a case where a coil wire is wound onto a device to form the coils 78, the coils 78 are attached, for example, to the oscillation section 74.

[0081] For example, in the Fig. As shown in Figures 3 to 5, the coils 78 located closer to the first oscillation section end 74A have a greater number of turns per unit length. For example, the coils 78 located closer to the second oscillation section end 74B have a fewer number of turns per unit length. The unit length of the coil 78 can be defined as a predetermined length in the second direction A2. The number of turns per unit length of the coil 78 corresponds to the dimension of the coil 78 in the first direction A1. The dimension of the coil 78 in the second direction A2 can be the thickness of the coil 78 from the center to the outside in the radial direction of the coil 78. As the number of turns per unit length of the coil 78 increases, the dimension of the coil 78 in the third direction A3 also increases.

[0082] In a case where the dimension in the second direction A2 is the same for all coils 78, the unit of length can be the dimension of the coil 78 in the second direction A2. In a case where the unit of length is the dimension of the coil 78 in the second direction A2, the number of turns per unit of length can be the number of turns of the coil 78. In one example, the number of turns per unit of length is expressed by the sum of the lengths of electrical wire contained in the unit of length. In another example, in a cross-section of the coil 78 extending along the central axis of the coil 78 in one direction along the second direction A2, the number of turns per unit of length is expressed by the number of cross-sections of electrical wire contained in a section corresponding to the unit of length.

[0083] In the present embodiment, the dimension in the second direction A2 is the same for all coils 78. In the present embodiment, the number of turns of the coils 78 increases when the coils 78 are arranged closer to the first oscillation section end 74A. In the present embodiment, the number of turns of the coils 78 decreases when the coils 78 are arranged closer to the second oscillation section end 74B.

[0084] The coils 78 include, for example, a first coil 78A and a second coil 78B, which differs from the first coil 78A. In one example, the first coil 78A and the second coil 78B are configured separately. The first coil 78A and the second coil 78B are connected to the oscillation section 74.

[0085] In one example, the number of turns per unit length of the first coil 78A differs from the number of turns per unit length of the second coil 78B. In another example, the number of turns per unit length of the first coil 78A is greater than the number of turns per unit length of the second coil 78B. In yet another example, the first coil 78A has a larger diameter than the second coil 78B. In the present embodiment, the dimension in the second direction A2 is the same for the first coil 78A and the second coil 78B. In the present embodiment, the number of turns in the first coil 78A is greater than the number of turns in the second coil 78B.

[0086] The first coil 78A and the second coil 78B are, for example, located at the oscillation section 74. The first coil 78A is not in contact with the carrier 82. The first coil 78A is located at the oscillation section 74 and is spaced apart from the second coil 78B.

[0087] It is preferred that the first coil 78A and the second coil 78B are arranged closer to the first oscillation section end 74A than to the second oscillation section end 74B. For example, the first coil 78A is arranged closer to the first oscillation section end 74A than the second coil 78B. The first coil 78A is also arranged closer to the carrier 82 than the second coil 78B.

[0088] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 4, two connecting wires 78X extend from each of the coils 78. The connecting wires 78X electrically connect the coils 78 to the electrical substrate 60A. For example, the first coil 78A is connected to the electrical substrate 60A via two first connecting wires 78AX. The second coil 78B is connected to the electrical substrate 60A via two second coil wires 78BX.

[0089] The electrical energy generator 70 also includes, for example, a rectifier circuit 86, as shown in Fig. Figure 6 shows that the rectifier circuit 86 rectifies the electrical energy generated by the coils 78. The rectifier circuit 86 is, for example, attached to the electrical substrate 60A. The rectifier circuit 86 includes, for example, a rectification section 88 and a smoothing section 90. Fig. Rectifier circuit 86 shown in Figure 6 is an example. Rectifier circuit 86 could, for example, be a diode bridge full-wave rectifier circuit, a Cockcroft-Walton circuit, or the like.

[0090] The rectification section 88 includes, for example, a diode. The rectification section 88 is arranged, for example, in an electrical power supply path of the electrical power generator 70 between each coil 78 and the smoothing section 90. The smoothing section 90 includes, for example, at least one capacitor. The smoothing section 90 is arranged, for example, in the electrical power supply path of the electrical power generator 70 between the rectification section 88 and the electrical energy storage device 62. In this example, electrical energy generated by the coils 78 is rectified by the rectification section 88 and then smoothed by the smoothing section 90.

[0091] As in the Fig. 4 and Fig. As shown in Figure 6, the electric energy generator 70 further comprises, for example, several rectifier circuits 86. The rectifier circuits 86 include, for example, a first rectifier circuit 86A and a second rectifier circuit 86B. The first rectifier circuit 86A is, for example, connected to the first coil 78A. The second rectifier circuit 86B is, for example, connected to the second coil 78B.

[0092] As in the Fig. As shown in Figures 2 to 5, the electrical energy generator 70 further comprises, for example, the actuating section 92, which can be operated by a user. The oscillation section 74 is configured, for example, to be oscillated when the user operates the actuating section 92. The actuating section 92 includes, for example, a contact section 92A.

[0093] The contact section 92A is provided on the housing 52 such that it can be brought into contact with the oscillation section 74. As shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 3, in one example, contact section 92A overlaps the oscillation section 74 when viewed in the third direction A3. In another example, contact section 92A protrudes in the first direction A1 when viewed in the third direction A3. In another example, as shown in Figure 3, contact section 92A overlaps the oscillation section 74 when viewed in the third direction A3. Fig. As shown in Figure 4, contact section 92A overlaps oscillation section 74 when viewed in the first direction A1. In one example, contact section 92A protrudes in the second direction A2 when viewed in the first direction A1.

[0094] In one example, contact section 92A is configured to set oscillation section 74 into oscillation when the user activates actuating section 92. For example, contact section 92A comes into contact with oscillation section 74 to set oscillation section 74 into oscillation in accordance with the movement of actuating section 92.

[0095] In one example, when the user presses the actuating section 92, contact section 92A pushes the oscillating section 74. As a result of contact section 92A pushing the oscillating section 74, the second oscillating section end 74B of the oscillating section 74 moves in the third direction A3 around the first oscillating section end 74A of the oscillating section 74. In another example, the oscillating section 74 oscillates as contact section 92A continues to move in the third direction A3 beyond a point corresponding to the second oscillating section end 74B. Corresponding to the oscillations of the magnetostrictive element 76 of the oscillating section 74, the magnetostrictive element 76 expands and contracts. This changes the magnetic flux flowing through the coils 78. Changes in the magnetic flux flowing through the coils 78 cause the coils 78 to generate electrical energy.

[0096] When the user releases the actuating section 92, the elastic element 54 pre-tensions the actuating section 92 to return it to the position it was in before actuation. As the actuating section 92 returns to its pre-actuation position, the contact section 92A moves in the third direction A3. When the contact section 92A moves beyond the section corresponding to the second oscillation section end 74B, the oscillation section 74 oscillates. Corresponding to the oscillations of the magnetostrictive element 76 of the oscillation section 74, the magnetostrictive element 76 expands and contracts. This changes the magnetic flux flowing through the coils 78. Changes in the magnetic flux flowing through the coils 78 cause the coils 78 to generate electrical energy.

[0097] In the present embodiment, the energy generation unit 72 includes several coils 78. Thus, the energy generation unit 72 generates electrical energy more efficiently than in a case where the energy generation unit 72 includes only one coil 78.

[0098] In a case where the oscillating section 74 oscillates, the bending moment is greater at locations closer to the first end of the oscillating section 74A, which is the pivot point of the oscillation of the oscillating section 74. Accordingly, the inverse magnetostrictive effect increases. In the present embodiment, at least one of the coils 78 has a greater number of turns per unit length at locations closer to the first end of the oscillating section 74A. This increases the efficiency of the electrical energy generation of the power generation unit 72. In the present embodiment, the number of turns of the coils 78 is greater when the coils 78 are arranged closer to the first end of the oscillating section 74A. This increases the efficiency of the electrical energy generation of the power generation unit 72.

[0099] In the present embodiment, the coils 78 are provided at the oscillation section 74. The first coil 78A, which has the greater number of turns per unit length, is arranged closer to the first end of the oscillation section 74A. With this configuration, the electrical energy generator 70 is reduced in size while maintaining the efficiency of electrical energy generation.

[0100] When the weight of the second oscillation section end 74B is reduced, the oscillation section 74 oscillates more easily. In the present embodiment, the coil 78 located closer to the second oscillation section end 74B has a fewer number of turns per unit length. Thus, the oscillation section 74 oscillates in a preferred manner.

[0101] A second embodiment of an electric energy generator 70 and a component 50 for a human-powered vehicle is now described with reference to Fig. 7 described. In the present embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for elements that are identical to the corresponding elements of the first embodiment. Such elements are not described in detail.

[0102] For example, in Fig. As shown in Figure 7, at least one magnetic flux generator 80 includes several magnetic flux generators 80. The magnetic flux generators 80 include, for example, a first magnetic flux generator 80A and a second magnetic flux generator 80B, which differs from the first magnetic flux generator 80A.

[0103] The first magnetic flux generator 80A is, for example, located closer to the first oscillation section end 74A than the second magnetic flux generator 80B. The first magnetic flux generator 80A is, for example, located on the magnetic flux generator holder 84 at a position corresponding to the first coil 78A. The position of the magnetic flux generator holder 84 corresponding to the first coil 78A is, for example, where the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic flux generator 80A causes electrical energy to be generated most efficiently at the end located at the first oscillation section end 74A of the first coil 78A.

[0104] The first magnetic flux generator 80A is, for example, located at the first end of the holder 84A. The support 82 is, for example, separate from the magnetic flux generator holder 84. The first magnetic flux generator 80A is, for example, arranged between the support 82 and the magnetic flux generator holder 84 in the second direction A2. The first magnetic flux generator 80A includes, for example, a permanent magnet.

[0105] The second magnetic flux generator 80B is, for example, located closer to the second oscillation section end 74B than the first magnetic flux generator 80A. The second magnetic flux generator 80B is, for example, located on the magnetic flux generator holder 84 at a position corresponding to the second coil 78B. The position of the magnetic flux generator holder 84 corresponding to the second coil 78B is, for example, a position where the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic flux generator 80B is greatest at the end of the second coil 78B, which is located near the second oscillation section end 74B. The second magnetic flux generator 80B is, for example, provided at the second holder end 84B. The second magnetic flux generator 80B includes, for example, a permanent magnet.

[0106] The magnetic force of the first magnetic flux generator 80A is, for example, equal to the magnetic force of the second magnetic flux generator 80B. The magnetic force of the first magnetic flux generator 80A can be greater or less than the magnetic force of the second magnetic flux generator 80B. The magnetic flux density of the first magnetic flux generator 80A is, for example, equal to the magnetic flux density of the second magnetic flux generator 80B. The magnetic flux density of the first magnetic flux generator 80A can be greater or less than the magnetic flux density of the second magnetic flux generator 80B.

[0107] The first magnetic flux generator 80A increases the density of the magnetic flux flowing through the magnetostrictive element 76 at the end of the first oscillation section 74A. Thus, the generating voltage of the electric power generator 70 is increased by the first magnetic flux generator 80A. The second magnetic flux generator 80B increases the density of the magnetic flux flowing through the magnetostrictive element 76 at the end of the second oscillation section 74B. Thus, the generating voltage of the electric power generator 70 is increased by the second magnetic flux generator 80B.

[0108] A third embodiment of an electric energy generator 70 and a component 50 for a human-powered vehicle is now described with reference to Fig. 8 described. In the present embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for those elements that are identical to the corresponding elements of the first and second embodiments. Such elements are not described in detail.

[0109] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 8, in the third embodiment, in one example, when viewed in the first direction A1, the support 82 extends in the second direction A2. The first oscillation section end 74A of the oscillation section 74 is sandwiched between the first support 82A and the second support 82B in the third direction A3. The oscillation section 74 is supported by the support 82.

[0110] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 8, at least one magnetic flux generator 80 includes, for example, several magnetic flux generators 80. The magnetic flux generators 80 include, for example, the first magnetic flux generator 80A and the second magnetic flux generator 80B. In the third embodiment, the first magnetic flux generator 80A is not provided on the magnetic flux generator holder 84. In the third embodiment, the second magnetic flux generator 80B is provided on a magnetic flux generator holder 84 that differs from the one in the second embodiment.

[0111] In the third embodiment, the magnetic flux generator holder 84 extends, for example, in the second direction A2, which intersects the first direction A1, and is provided with the second magnetic flux generator 80B. The magnetic flux generator holder 84 extends, for example, in the second direction A2 when viewed in the first direction A1. The magnetic flux generator holder 84 is, for example, formed separately from the support 82. The magnetic flux generator holder 84 is, for example, attached to the base 52A.

[0112] The oscillation section 74 is located between the cover 52C and the magnetic flux generator holder 84 in the third direction A3. The oscillation section 74 does not contact the cover 52C in the third direction A3. The oscillation section 74 does not contact the magnetic flux generator holder 84 in the third direction A3.

[0113] The electrical energy generator 70 includes, for example, the magnetic flux generator holder 84 and an extension 94, which is provided on one side of the support 82 opposite the oscillation section 74 in the second direction A2. The first magnetic flux generator 80A is provided, for example, on one side of the support 82 opposite the oscillation section 74 in the second direction A2. The first magnetic flux generator 80A is attached, for example, to at least one of the support 82 and the side walls 52B.

[0114] The extension 94 extends, for example, in the direction of the first magnetic flux generator 80A. The extension 94 extends, for example, from the first holder end 84A in the direction of the first magnetic flux generator 80A in the third direction A3. The extension 94 and the first magnetic flux generator 80A are separated from each other, for example, by a gap 96. Due to the gap 96 between the extension 94 and the first magnetic flux generator 80A, the extension 94 does not make contact with the first magnetic flux generator 80A.

[0115] For example, one of the magnetic flux generators 80 is located at a position corresponding to the space between two adjacent coils 78. The magnetic flux generators 80 include, for example, a third magnetic flux generator 80C, which is located at a position corresponding to the space between the two adjacent coils 78. The third magnetic flux generator 80C includes, for example, a permanent magnet.

[0116] The magnetic force of the third magnetic flux generator 80C is, for example, equal to the magnetic force of at least one of the first magnetic flux generator 80A and the second magnetic flux generator 80B. The magnetic force of the third magnetic flux generator 80C may differ from the magnetic force of the first magnetic flux generator 80A and the second magnetic flux generator 80B. The magnetic flux density of the third magnetic flux generator 80C is, for example, equal to the magnetic force of at least one of the first magnetic flux generator 80A and the second magnetic flux generator 80B. The magnetic flux density of the third magnetic flux generator 80C may differ from the magnetic flux density of the first magnetic flux generator 80A and the magnetic flux density of the second magnetic flux generator 80B.

[0117] The first magnetic flux generator 80A, the second magnetic flux generator 80B, and the third magnetic flux generator 80C provide the electrical power generator 70 with a robust, closed magnetic flux loop. The third magnetic flux generator 80C is located in a position corresponding to the space between two adjacent coils 78. The third magnetic flux generator 80C enables the two adjacent coils 78 to generate electrical energy. Even if the magnetic flux generators 80 do not include any other magnetic flux generators 80 besides the third magnetic flux generator 80C, the power generation unit 72 efficiently generates electrical energy due to the third magnetic flux generator 80C.

[0118] A fourth embodiment of an electric energy generator 70 and a component 50 for a human-powered vehicle is now described with reference to Fig. 9 described. In the present embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for elements that are identical to the corresponding elements of the first to third embodiments. Such elements are not described in detail.

[0119] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 9, in the fourth embodiment, the electrical energy generator 70 further comprises, for example, the support 82, the magnetic flux generator holder 84, and an additional coil 98 that generates electrical energy when the oscillating section 74 oscillates. The support 82 extends, for example, in the first direction A1 and carries the oscillating section 74 in such a way that the oscillating section 74 can oscillate. The magnetic flux generator holder 84 extends in the second direction A2, which intersects the first direction A1, and is provided with at least one magnetic flux generator 80.

[0120] The additional coil 98 is provided, for example, on at least one of the carrier 82 and the magnetic flux generator holder 84. The additional coil 98 is provided, for example, on the magnetic flux generator holder 84. The additional coil 98 is arranged, for example, on the magnetic flux generator holder 84 at a position corresponding to the space between two adjacent coils 78. The additional coil 98 is arranged, for example, on the magnetic flux generator holder 84 at a position corresponding to the space between the first coil 78A and the second coil 78B.

[0121] The magnetic flux generator holder 84 includes, for example, a yoke. The magnetic flux passing through the yoke and the magnetic flux passing through the magnetostrictive element 76 change in the same way over time. Therefore, the additional coil 98 generates electrical energy. The additional coil 98, together with the first coil 78A and the second coil 78B, generates electrical energy. Thus, the additional coil 98 improves the efficiency of the electrical energy generation of the electrical energy generator 70.

[0122] With reference to the Fig. 1, Fig. 5 and Fig. Section 10 now describes the electrical energy generator 70 and the component 50 for a human-powered vehicle of the fifth embodiment. In the present embodiment, elements that are identical to the corresponding elements of the first to fourth embodiments are designated with the same reference numerals. Such elements are not described in detail.

[0123] In the fifth embodiment, component 50 includes, for example, the crank arms 22A and 22B of the human-powered vehicle 10. In the fifth embodiment, component 50 may, for example, include only one of the crank arms 22A and 22B. In the fifth embodiment, the electrical energy generator 70 is, for example, provided on the crank arms 22A and 22B. The electrical energy generator 70 may, for example, be provided on one of the crank arms 22A and 22B.

[0124] In the fifth embodiment, the housing 52 includes, for example, a housing for the crank arms 22A and 22B. The housing 52 is, for example, made of a conductive material such as metal. The electrical substrate 60A is, for example, provided on an inner surface of the housing 52. The transmitter 56 is, for example, arranged on an outer surface 52K of the housing 52. The housing 52 is, for example, provided with an opening through which a wire runs to connect the transmitter 56 and the electrical substrate 60A.

[0125] Component 50 further includes, for example, an oscillator 100, which sets the oscillation section 74 into oscillation by magnetic force. The oscillator 100 is provided, for example, on the pedals 24A and 24B of the human-powered vehicle 10.

[0126] The pedals 24A and 24B are each rotatably mounted on the crank arms 22A and 22B by a pedal axle 102. The oscillator 100 includes, for example, a first magnet 100A and a second magnet 100B. The first magnet 100A and the second magnet 100B are, for example, located on the same surface of the pedals 24A and 24B. The first magnet 100A and the second magnet 100B are, for example, located on a surface of the pedals 24A and 24B that faces the crank arms 22A and 22B.

[0127] The first magnet 100A and the second magnet 100B are each positioned, for example, on the pedals 24A and 24B such that they face a predetermined section of the crank arms 22A and 22B when the pedals 24A and 24B rotate. The predetermined section of the crank arms 22A and 22B corresponds to an oscillating magnet 104, which is also positioned on the crank arms 22A and 22B. The directions of the magnetic poles of the first magnet 100A differ from the directions of the magnetic poles of the second magnet 100B. For example, the directions of the magnetic poles of the first magnet 100A are opposite to those of the magnetic poles of the second magnet 100B.

[0128] In one example, the oscillation magnet 104 is provided at the oscillation section 74. The oscillation magnet 104 is, for example, provided at the second oscillation section end 74B of the oscillation section 74. The directions of the magnetic poles of the oscillation magnet 104 are the same as the directions of the magnetic poles of one of the first magnets 100A and the second magnet 100B. At least one magnetic flux generator 80 can include the oscillation magnet 104.

[0129] In one example, when the pedals 24A and 24B rotate relative to the crank arms 22A and 22B, the oscillating magnet 104 attracts one of the magnetic poles of the first magnet 100A and the magnetic poles of the second magnet 100B. In another example, when the pedals 24A and 24B rotate relative to the crank arms 22A and 22B, the oscillating magnet 104 is configured to repel the other of the magnetic poles of the first magnet 100A and the magnetic poles of the second magnet 100B. The repeated attraction and repulsion of the oscillating magnet 104 with the first magnet 100A and the second magnet 100B causes the oscillating section 74 to oscillate.

[0130] In a case where the user presses the pedals 24A and 24B to exert a driving force on the human-powered vehicle 10, the pedals 24A and 24B rotate relative to the crank arms 22A and 22B, respectively. In the present embodiment, the energy generation unit 72 generates electrical energy when the user presses the pedals 24A and 24B. In the present embodiment, the energy generation unit 72 also generates electrical energy when the human-powered vehicle 10 is stationary and the drive wheel is off the ground, provided the pedals 24A and 24B are held and rotated by hand. Thus, in the present embodiment, the energy generation unit 72 also generates electrical energy when the human-powered vehicle 10 is stationary.

[0131] One of the first magnets 100A and the second magnet 100B can be omitted. Even if one of the first magnets 100A and the second magnet 100B is omitted, the magnets will attract and repel each other when the pedals 24A and 24B are rotated relative to the crank arms 22A and 22B to set the oscillation section 74 into oscillation.

[0132] In the present embodiment, the electric energy generator 70 can be provided on the pedals 24A and 24B, and the first magnet 100A and the second magnet 100B can be provided on the crank arms 22A and 22B. In the present embodiment, the component 50 can include a component other than the crank arms 22A and 22B. For example, in the present embodiment, the component 50 includes one of two elements of the human-powered vehicle 10, which are configured to move relative to each other.

[0133] The description of the above embodiments illustrates, without any limitation, applicable forms of an electric power generator and a component for a human-powered vehicle according to the present invention. The electric power generator and the component for a human-powered vehicle according to the present invention are applicable, for example, to modified examples of the embodiment described above, which are described below, as well as to combinations of at least two of the modified examples that are compatible with one another. In the following modified examples, elements that are identical to the corresponding elements of the embodiments described above are designated with the same reference numerals. Such elements are not described in detail.

[0134] In one example, at least one of the coils 78 can have a larger number of turns per unit length at locations closer to the first oscillation section end 74A. In another example, at least one of the first coil 78A and the second coil 78B has a larger number of turns at locations closer to the first oscillation section end 74A. In another example, at least one of the coils 78 is configured such that it has a larger number of turns in a first region located near the first oscillation section end 74A than in a region located further away from the first oscillation section end 74A. In another example, at least one of the coils 78 can be configured such that it has a number of turns that gradually increases towards the first oscillation section end 74A.

[0135] In one example, at least one of the coils 78 can have a smaller number of turns per unit length at locations closer to the second oscillation section end 74B. In another example, at least one of the first coil 78A and the second coil 78B has a smaller number of turns per unit length at locations closer to the second oscillation section end 74B. In another example, at least one of the coils 78 is configured such that it has a smaller number of turns in a second region located near the second oscillation section end 74B than in a region located farther from the second oscillation section end 74B than the second region. In another example, at least one of the coils 78 can be configured such that it has a number of turns that gradually decreases towards the second oscillation section end 74B.

[0136] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 11, the coils 78 can be connected to the rectifier circuit 86. In the power generation unit 72 of this modified example, the coils 78 are provided with only a single rectifier circuit 86. In an example where the coils 78 include the first coil 78A and the second coil 78B, the first coil 78A and the second coil 78B are both connected to the single rectifier circuit 86. Connecting the first coil 78A and the second coil 78B to the single rectifier circuit 86 allows for a reduction in the size of the electrical substrate 60A. In a case where the coils 78 include three or more coils 78, two or more of the coils 78 can be connected to one rectifier circuit 86, and the remaining coils 78 can be connected to another rectifier circuit 86.

[0137] In the second embodiment, the first magnetic flux generator 80A can be arranged on a surface of the support 82 opposite the oscillation section 74 or at a position further away from the oscillation section 74 than the support 82. As in Fig. As shown in Figure 12, the first magnetic flux generator 80A is, for example, provided on a surface of the support 82 opposite the oscillation section 74 in the second direction A2. In another example, the first magnetic flux generator 80A is arranged at a location separate from the oscillation section 74 in the second direction A2. In this modified example, the first magnetic flux generator 80A can be provided on the side walls 52B.

[0138] As in Fig.As shown in Figure 13, in the third embodiment, the first magnetic flux generator 80A and the second magnetic flux generator 80B can both be provided on the magnetic flux generator holder 84. The first magnetic flux generator 80A is arranged on the magnetic flux generator holder 84 at a position corresponding to the first coil 78A. For example, the first magnetic flux generator 80A is arranged between the support 82 and the magnetic flux generator holder 84 in the second direction A2. In this modified example, the third magnetic flux generator 80C can be omitted.

[0139] In the third embodiment, the third magnetic flux generator 80C can be omitted.

[0140] As long as the first coil 78A differs from the second coil 78B in the number of turns per unit length, the ratio of the number of turns per unit length of the first coil 78A and the number of turns per unit length of the second coil 78B can be changed in any way. The number of turns per unit length of the second coil 78B can be greater than the number of turns per unit length of the first coil 78A. In this modified example, if the number of turns per unit length of the second coil 78B differs from the number of turns per unit length of the first coil 78A, the coils 78, which differ in their dimensions, can be arranged according to the internal structure of the electrical energy generator 70.The difference in the number of turns per unit length between the second coil 78B and the first coil 78A increases the degree of freedom for the internal structure of the electrical energy generator 70 and simultaneously allows an increase in the number of coils 78.

[0141] The coils 78 may further include a third coil, which is provided at the oscillation section 74 between the first coil 78A and the second coil 78B. In one example, the number of turns per unit length of the third coil differs from the number of turns per unit length of at least one of the first coil 78A and the second coil 78B. In another example, the number of turns per unit length of the third coil is less than the number of turns per unit length of the first coil 78A and greater than the number of turns per unit length of the second coil 78B. The number of turns per unit length of the third coil may be less than the number of turns per unit length of the second coil 78B. The number of turns per unit length of the third coil may be greater than the number of turns per unit length of the first coil 78A. The coils 78 may include two or more third coils.

[0142] The magnetostrictive element 76 can be formed integrally with the fastening section 74X. In this modified example, the magnetostrictive element 76 is formed integrally with the fastening section 74X, for example, by welding or pressing.

[0143] The fastening section 74X may differ in shape from the magnetostrictive element 76 when viewed in the third direction A3. In this modified example, the fastening section 74X may have a section that overlaps the magnetostrictive element 76 when viewed in the third direction A3.

[0144] As long as component 50 includes the electrical energy generator 70, component 50 can include a component other than the actuating device 50A. In this modified example, component 50 includes, for example, at least one of various sensors provided on the human-powered vehicle 10, the transmission device 40A, the adjustable seat post 40B, the suspension 40C, the drive unit 40D, the brake device 40E, and the lamp 40F. Component 50 is configured, for example, to cause the magnetostrictive element 76 to oscillate in accordance with the vibrations occurring during the movement of the human-powered vehicle 10.At least one of the various sensors provided on the human-powered vehicle 10, the transmission device 40A, the adjustable seat post 40B, the suspension 40C, the drive unit 40D, the brake device 40E and the lamp 40F, for example, is actuated by electrical energy generated by the electrical energy generator 70.

[0145] The application of the electric energy generator 70 is not limited to the human-powered vehicle 10. The electric energy generator 70 can, for example, be applied to an electrical component of an industrial device or a household component.

[0146] In this description, the expression “at least one,” as used in this revelation, means “one or more” of a desired choice. In one example, the expression “at least one of,” as used in this revelation, means “only a single choice” or “both of two choices” when the number of choices is two. In another example, the expression “at least one of,” as used in this revelation, means “only a single choice” or “any combination of two or more choices” when the number of choices is two or more. Furthermore, the term “and / or” in this revelation means “either one or both.” For example, the expression “at least one of A and B” includes (1) A alone, (2) B alone, and (3) both A and B.The expression “at least one of A, B, and C” includes (1) A alone, (2) B alone, (3) C alone, (4) both A and B, (5) both B and C, (6) both A and C, and (7) all A, B, and C. In other words, the expression “at least one of A and B” in this revelation does not mean “at least one of A and at least one of B”. REFERENCE MARK 10 human-powered vehicles 12 vehicle bodies 14-inch wheel 14F front wheel 14R rear wheel 16 frames 16A saddle 18 crank 20 crank axle 22A, 22B Crank arm 24A, 24B Pedal 26 Drive mechanism 28 first body of revolution 30 second rotating body 32 Connecting element 34 front fork 36 Stem 38 handlebars 40 additional components 40A Gearbox Device 40B adjustable seatpost 40C suspension 40D drive unit 40E brake device 40F lamp 50 components 50A Actuating Device 52 cases 52A Floor 52B Side walls 52C lid 52D first through-hole 52E Partition 52F End 52G End 52H second passage opening 52K outdoor area 54 elastic element 56 channels 58 Control 60 circuit 60A electrical substrate 62 electrical energy storage 70 electric energy generator 72 energy generation units 74 Oscillation section 74A first end of oscillation section 74B second oscillation segment end 74X Mounting section 76 magnetostrictive element 78 coil 78A first coil 78AX first connecting wire 78B second coil 78BX second coil wire 78X connecting wire 80 Magnetic flux generator 80A first magnetic flux generator 80B second magnetic flux generator 80C third magnetic flux generator 82 carriers 82A first carrier 82B second carrier 84 Magnetic flux generator holders 84A first end of holder 84B second holder end 86 Rectifier circuit 86A first rectifier circuit 86B second rectifier circuit 88 Rectification section 90 Smoothing section 92 Actuation section 92A Contact Section 94 Extension 96 gap 98 additional coils 100 oscillator 100A first magnet 100B second magnet 102 Pedal axle 104 Oscillating magnet A1 first direction A2 second direction A3 third direction M1 closed magnetic circuit S1 first room S2 second room S3 third room QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] JP 2021 136 826 A

[0002]

Claims

[1] Electric energy generator (70), comprising: an energy generation unit (72) configured to generate electrical energy by magnetostrictive energy generation, wherein the energy generation unit (72) includes: an oscillation section (74) with a magnetostrictive element (76), Coils (78) that generate electrical energy when the oscillation section (74) oscillates, and at least one magnetic flux generator (80), wherein the coils (78) include a first coil (78A) and a second coil (78B) which differs from the first coil (78A), and the first coil (78A) differs from the second coil (78B) in the number of turns per unit length. [2] Electric energy generator (70) according to claim 1, further comprising: rectifier circuits (86), wherein the rectifier circuits (86) include a first rectifier circuit (86A) and a second rectifier circuit (86B), the first coil (78A) is connected to the first rectifier circuit (86A), and the second coil (78B) is connected to the second rectifier circuit. [3] Electric energy generator (70) according to claim 1, further comprising: a rectifier circuit (86) the coils (78) are connected to the rectifier circuit (86). [4] Electric energy generator (70) according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the coils (78) is provided on the oscillation section (74). [5] Electric energy generator (70) according to claim 4, further comprising: a support (82) extending in a first direction (A1) and supporting the oscillating section (74) in such a way that the oscillating section (74) can oscillate, wherein the oscillation section (74) includes a first oscillation section end (74A) which is carried by the support (82) and a second oscillation section end (74B) on a side opposite the first oscillation section end (74A). [6] Electric energy generator (70) according to claim 5, wherein the first coil (78A) and the second coil (78B) are provided at the oscillation section (74), and the first coil (78A) is located closer to the first oscillation section end (74A) than the second coil (78B). [7] Electric energy generator (70) according to claim 6, wherein the number of turns per unit length of the first coil (78A) is greater than the number of turns per unit length of the second coil (78B). [8] Electric energy generator (70) according to claim 5, wherein at least one of the coils (78) has a larger number of turns per unit length at locations closer to the first oscillation section end (74A). [9] Electric energy generator (70) according to claim 5, wherein the at least one magnetic flux generator (80) comprises several magnetic flux generators (80). [10] Electric energy generator (70) according to claim 9, wherein the magnetic flux generators (80) include a first magnetic flux generator (80A) and a second magnetic flux generator (80B) which differs from the first magnetic flux generator (80A), the first magnetic flux generator (80A) is located closer to the first oscillation section end (74A) than the second magnetic flux generator (80B), and the second magnetic flux generator (80B) is located closer to the second oscillation section end (74B) than the first magnetic flux generator (80A). [11] Electric energy generator (70) according to claim 5, further comprising: a magnetic flux generator holder (84) extending in a second direction (A2) intersecting the first direction (A1) and equipped with at least one magnetic flux generator (80), wherein the first coil (78A) and the second coil (78B) are provided at the oscillation section (74), and comprising at least one magnetic flux generator (80) comprising a first magnetic flux generator (80A) which is arranged in the magnetic flux generator holder (84) at a position corresponding to the first coil (78A) and a second magnetic flux generator (80B) which is different from the first magnetic flux generator (80A) and is arranged in the magnetic flux generator holder (84) at a position corresponding to the second coil (78B). [12] Electric energy generator (70) according to claim 11, wherein the magnetic flux generator holder (84) includes a first holder end (84A) which is arranged in the direction of the support (82) and a second holder end (84B) which is arranged further away from the support (82) than the first holder end (84A), the first magnetic flux generator (80A) is provided at the first holder end (84A), and the second magnetic flux generator (80B) is provided at the second holder end (84B). [13] Electric energy generator (70) according to claim 11, wherein the magnetic flux generator holder (84) is formed separately from the support (82). [14] Electric energy generator (70) according to claim 10, further comprising: a magnetic flux generator holder (84) extending in a second direction (A2) intersecting the first direction (A1), and equipped with the second magnetic flux generator (80B); and an extension (94) which is provided on one side of the carrier (82) opposite the oscillation section (74) in the second direction (A2), wherein the first magnetic flux generator (80A) is provided on one side of the carrier (82) opposite the oscillation section (74) in the second direction (A2), the extension (94) extends in the first direction (A1) in the direction of the first magnetic flux generator (80A), and the extension (94) and the first magnetic flux generator (80A) are separated from each other by a gap (96). [15] Electric energy generator (70) according to claim 9, wherein one of the magnetic flux generators (80) is arranged in a position corresponding to the space between two adjacent coils (78). [16] Electric energy generator (70) according to claim 1, wherein the at least one magnetic flux generator (80) includes a permanent magnet. [17] Electric energy generator (70) according to claim 4, further comprising: a support (82) extending in a first direction (A1) and supporting the oscillating section (74) in such a way that the oscillating section (74) can oscillate; a magnetic flux generator holder (84) extending in a second direction (A2) intersecting the first direction (A1), and equipped with at least one magnetic flux generator (80); and an additional coil (98) that generates electrical energy when the oscillation section (74) oscillates, wherein the additional coil (98) is provided on at least one of the carrier (82) and the magnetic flux generator holder (84). [18] Electric energy generator (70) according to claim 17, wherein the additional coil (98) is provided on the magnetic flux generator holder (84). [19] Electric energy generator (70) according to claim 1, further comprising: a user-operated actuation section (92), wherein the oscillation section (74) is designed to be oscillated when the user operates the actuation section (92). [20] Component (50) for a human-powered vehicle (10), wherein the component (50) comprises: the electrical energy generator (70) according to any one of claims 1 to 19; a transmitter (56) configured to transmit a predetermined signal to another component (40) using electrical energy generated by the electrical energy generator (70); and a controller (58) which is configured to control the transmitter (56) so that the transmitter (56) transmits the predetermined signal. [21] Component according to claim 20, further comprising: an actuating device (50A) designed to actuate the further component (40). [22] Component according to claim 20, further comprising: a crank arm (22A, 22B) of the human-powered vehicle (10), wherein the electrical energy generator (70) is provided on the crank arm (22A, 22B); and an oscillator (100) which sets the oscillation section (74) into oscillation using magnetic force, wherein the oscillator (100) is provided on a pedal (24A, 24B) of the human-powered vehicle (10). [23] Component according to claim 20, further comprising: a housing (52) that accommodates at least part of the electrical power generator (70), wherein the transmitter (56) is arranged on an outer surface (52K) of the housing (52).

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