DISPLAY DEVICE AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE

Abstract

A display device is provided comprising a display panel including a plurality of organic EL elements, and a driving unit provided to be in contact with the display panel and driving the display panel, wherein each organic EL element has an organic layer containing a high glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120°C or higher.

Description

Technical area

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a display device and an electronic device. background

[0002] In recent years, a display panel (display device) including an organic electroluminescence (EL) element, referred to as an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), or the like, has been rapidly made thinner and lighter. Furthermore, a display panel has been proposed in which an actuator, a membrane, or the like is installed on the back surface of such a display panel, and the panel itself is vibrated to reproduce sound. Citation listPatent literature

[0003] Patent Literature 1: JP 2022-62222 A Brief descriptionTechnical problem

[0004] However, in the display panel (display device) in which the panel itself is vibrated to reproduce a sound, color unevenness may occur in displayed images.

[0005] Therefore, the present disclosure proposes a display device and an electronic device capable of reducing the occurrence of color unevenness in displayed images. Solution to the problem

[0006] According to the present disclosure, a display device is provided, comprising: a display panel including a plurality of organic EL elements; and a driving unit provided to be in contact with the display panel and to drive the display panel. In the display device, each organic EL element includes an organic layer containing a high-glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120°C or higher.

[0007] Furthermore, according to the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided including a display device. In the electronic device, the display device includes a display panel including a plurality of organic EL elements; and a driving unit provided to be in contact with the display panel and to drive the display panel. Each organic EL element includes an organic layer containing a high-glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120°C or higher. Short description of the drawings Fig. 1 is a perspective diagram illustrating a schematic configuration example of a display 1 of the present disclosure. Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a circuit configuration example of the display 1 of the present disclosure. Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a circuit configuration example of a pixel 11 of the display 1 of the present disclosure. Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating an exploded perspective configuration example of a display panel 10 of the present disclosure. Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating a functional block example of a system circuit board 40 of the present disclosure. Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram (part 1) for explaining the background of embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 7 is an explanatory diagram (part 2) for explaining the background of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an organic EL element of a first embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an organic EL element of a second embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an organic EL element of a third embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an organic EL element of a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 12 is a diagram (part 1) illustrating a configuration example of an organic EL element of a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 13 is a diagram (part 2) illustrating a configuration example of the organic EL element of the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure. Description of embodiments

[0008] Hereinafter, suitable embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that, in the present specification and the drawings, components having substantially the same functional configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted. Furthermore, in the present specification and the drawings, multiple components having substantially the same or similar functional configuration may be denoted and distinguished by different letters after the same reference numeral. However, if it is not necessary to specifically distinguish each of the multiple components having substantially the same or similar functional configuration, only the same reference numeral is appended.

[0009] It is noted that the description is given in the following order. 1. Background leading to the creation of embodiments of the present disclosure 1.1. Schematic configuration of the display 1.2 Background 2. Overview of embodiments of the present disclosure 3. First embodiment 4. Second embodiment 5. Third embodiment 6. Fourth embodiment 7. Fifth embodiment 8. Sixth embodiment 9. Conclusion 10. Concluding remarks <<1. Background leading to the creation of embodiments of the present disclosure>><1.1 Schematic configuration of the display>

[0010] Before describing embodiments of the present disclosure, a schematic configuration of a display (display device) 1 will first be described with reference to Fig. 1 to 5 as the background that led the present inventors to create the embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 1 is a perspective diagram illustrating a schematic configuration example of the display 1 of the present disclosure, Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a circuit configuration example of the display 1 of the present disclosure, and Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a circuit configuration example of a pixel 11 of the display 1 of the present disclosure. Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating an exploded perspective configuration example of a display panel 10 of the present disclosure, and Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating a functional block example of a system circuit board 40 of the present disclosure. Note that the display 1 corresponds to a specific example of a "display device" of the present disclosure.

[0011] The display 1 is a self-emitting thin display having an organic electroluminescence (EL) element referred to as an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), or the like as a pixel.

[0012] The display 1 comprises, for example, a display panel 10 having a display area 1A, and a frame 20 protecting edges of the display panel 10 (peripheral edges of the display area 1A). Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 2, the display 1 includes, for example, a system circuit board 40 that drives the display panel 10, and a printed circuit board 30 that electrically connects the display panel 10 and the system circuit board 40. Furthermore, a plurality of pixels 11 are arranged in a matrix in the display area 1A of the display panel 10. It is noted that in the present disclosure, the system circuit board 40 is provided on the rear surface side of the display panel 10, but in Fig. 2, the system circuit board 40 is illustrated next to the display panel 10 for the sake of simplicity.

[0013] Fig. 3 illustrates a circuit diagram of a circuit configuration example of a pixel 11 of the display 1 of the present disclosure. The display panel 10 includes, for example, a plurality of gate lines WSL and a plurality of power supply lines DSL extending in the row direction, and a plurality of data lines DTL extending in the column direction. A pixel 11 is provided, corresponding to an intersection point between a data line DTL and a gate line WSL. Each data line DTL, each gate line WSL, and each power supply line DSL is electrically connected to an output end of the system circuit board 40 via the printed circuit board 30.

[0014] The scanning line WSL is used to select each pixel 11 and supplies a selection pulse for selecting each pixel 11 for a predetermined unit (for example, pixel row) to each pixel 11. The signal line DTL is used to supply a signal voltage (signal voltage Vimage, described below) corresponding to an image signal to each pixel 11 and supplies a data pulse including the signal voltage Vimage to each pixel 11. The power supply line DSL supplies power to each pixel 11.

[0015] Each pixel 11 includes, for example, a pixel that emits red light, a pixel that emits green light, or a pixel that emits blue light. Note that each pixel 11 may, for example, be a pixel that further emits light of a different color (e.g., white light, yellow light, or the like). For example, the plurality of signal lines DTL are individually assigned to each pixel column. For example, the plurality of scan lines WSL are individually assigned to each pixel row. For example, the plurality of power supply lines DSL are individually assigned to each pixel row.

[0016] Each pixel 11 includes a pixel circuit 11a and an organic EL element 11b. The pixel circuit 11a controls light emission and extinguishing of the organic EL element 11b. The pixel circuit 11a has a function of holding a voltage (signal voltage Vbild) written into each pixel 11 by a signal writing process described below. The pixel circuit 11a also has a function of outputting a drive current with a magnitude corresponding to the magnitude of the held voltage to the organic EL element 11b. The drive circuit 11a includes, for example, a drive transistor Tr1, a write transistor Tr2, and a storage capacitor Cs.

[0017] The write transistor Tr2 controls the application of the signal voltage Vimage, which corresponds to the image signal, to the gate of the drive transistor Tr1. Specifically, the write transistor Tr2 samples a voltage of the signal line DTL and writes the voltage obtained by the sampling to the gate of the drive transistor Tr1. Writing the voltage obtained by the sampling to the gate of the drive transistor Tr1 is called signal writing. The drive transistor Tr1 is connected in series to the organic EL element 11b. The drive transistor Tr1 drives the organic EL element 11b. The drive transistor Tr1 controls the current flowing through the organic EL element 11b according to the magnitude of the voltage sampled by the write transistor Tr2. The storage capacitor Cs can store a predetermined voltage between the gate and source of the drive transistor Tr1.The storage capacitor Cs acts to store a voltage Vgs between the gate and source of the drive transistor Tr1 to be constant for a predetermined period. Note that the pixel circuit 11a may have a circuit configuration in which various capacitors and transistors are added to a 2Tr-1C circuit, or may have a circuit configuration different from the configuration of the 2Tr-1C circuit.

[0018] A gate of the write transistor Tr2 is connected to the scan line WSL. A source or a drain of the write transistor Tr2 is connected to the signal line DTL. The terminal of the write transistor Tr2, either the source or the train that is not connected to the signal line DTL, is connected to the gate of the drive transistor Tr1. A source or a drain of the drive transistor Tr1 is connected to the power supply line DSL. The terminal of the drive transistor Tr1, either the source or the train that is not connected to the power supply line DSL, is connected to the anode of the organic EL element 11b. One end of the storage capacitor Cs is connected to the gate of the drive transistor Tr1. The other end of the storage capacitor Cs is connected to the terminal on the organic EL element 11b side, from the source or the drain of the drive transistor Tr1.

[0019] Fig. 4 illustrates an exploded perspective configuration example of the display panel 10 of the present disclosure. The display panel 10 includes, for example, a panel 13, a heat dissipation film 14 disposed on the rear surface side of the panel 13, and vibration excitation units 308. This panel 13 and this heat dissipation film 14 are laminated, for example, with an adhesive therebetween. The vibration excitation units 308 are provided so as to be in contact with the panel 13 through the heat dissipation film 14. Note that in the present disclosure, the heat dissipation film 14 may not be provided. In this case, the vibration excitation units 308 are provided so as to be in contact with the panel 13.

[0020] The panel 13 is a panel provided with a frame region 1B having the display region 1A in which the plurality of pixels 11 are arranged in a matrix on a substrate. For example, a vibration excitation unit drive circuit 49 described below (see Fig. 5) The vibration excitation unit (vibration exciter) 308 vibrates based on a signal voltage (signal voltage Vton described below) corresponding to an audio signal and transmits the vibration to the panel 13. Accordingly, the panel 13 can function as a planar speaker. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, for example, one or more vibration excitation units 308 including an actuator may be provided on the rear surface side of the panel 13. Furthermore, the heat dissipation film 14 dissipates the heat generated in the panel 13 by the vibration excitation units 308 to the outside.

[0021] Fig. 5 illustrates a functional block example of the system circuit board 40 of the present disclosure. A processor 42 of the system circuit board 40 can display images on the display panel 10 based on, for example, an externally input signal. The processor 42 can control the display panel 10 to perform any of, for example, channel switching for images, volume increase, volume decrease, muting, displaying an electronic program guide, image enlargement, image reduction, or picture-in-picture display based on an input operation command in response to an externally input signal.

[0022] The system circuit board 40 includes, for example, a receiving circuit 41. The receiving circuit 41 is configured depending on the type of signal to be received. For example, if the receiving circuit 41 receives a television broadcast signal, the receiving circuit 41 includes, for example, an antenna connector, a digital tuner, and a demultiplexer (not shown).

[0023] The antenna terminal is a terminal into which the television broadcast signal received by a receiving antenna is input. For example, the digital tuner processes the television broadcast signal input to the antenna terminal and outputs a predetermined transport stream corresponding to a channel selected by a user. For example, the demultiplexer extracts a partial transport stream (TS) corresponding to the channel selected by the user from the transport stream obtained by the digital tuner and outputs the extracted partial TS to the processor 42.

[0024] For example, if the receiving circuit 41 receives an Internet Protocol (IP) signal over the internet line, the receiving circuit 41 receives the IP signal over the internet line and performs, for example, standard protocol processing in the IP network on the received IP signal. Furthermore, the receiving circuit 41 extracts a partial transport stream (TS) corresponding to the channel selected by the user from the signal that has undergone the protocol processing and outputs the extracted partial TS to the processor 42.

[0025] For example, if an operation command corresponding to the detection result obtained by a detection signal processing circuit 51 is input by the processor 42, the receiving circuit 41 performs processing corresponding to the input operation command on the externally input signal. For example, assume that the operation command is channel switching for images. In this case, the receiving circuit 41 extracts a partial TS corresponding to the changed channel from the externally input signal and outputs the extracted partial TS to the processor 42. Further, assume, for example, that the operation command is displaying an electronic program guide. In this case, the receiving circuit 41 extracts a partial TS corresponding to the program guide from the externally input signal and outputs the extracted partial TS to the processor 42.Furthermore, assume, for example, that the operation command is a picture-in-picture display. In this case, the receiving circuit 41 extracts a partial TS corresponding to two channels specified in a control signal input to the receiving circuit 41 from the externally input signal and outputs the extracted partial TS to the processor 42.

[0026] The system board 40 further includes, for example, a processor 42 and a memory 43. The processor 42 controls an operation of each unit of the display 1. For example, the processor 42 stores the partial TS obtained by the receiving circuit 41 in the memory 43 and transmits the partial TS read from the memory 43 to a decoder 44. For example, the processor 42 reads an operation command corresponding to the detection result input from the detection signal processing circuit 51 from a table 43A described below and transmits the read operation command to the receiving circuit 41, an image signal processing circuit 45, or an audio signal processing circuit 48.

[0027] The memory 43 stores, for example, setting information of the display 1 and manages data. The memory 43 can store, for example, the partial TS received by the receiving circuit 41.

[0028] The system circuit board 40 further includes, for example, a decoder 44, an image signal processing circuit 45, a graphics generation circuit 46, an OLED panel driving circuit 47, an audio signal processing circuit 48, a vibration excitation unit driving circuit 49, and a detection signal processing circuit 51.

[0029] For example, the decoder 44 can obtain image data by performing decoding processing on an image PES (Packetized Elementary Stream) packet included in the partial TS obtained by the receiving circuit 41. Furthermore, the decoder 44 can obtain, for example, audio data by performing decoding processing on an audio PES packet included in the partial TS obtained by the receiving circuit 41.

[0030] The image signal processing circuit 45 and the graphics generation circuit 46 perform, for example, multi-image processing, graphics data superimposition processing, and the like on the image data obtained by the decoder 44 as needed.

[0031] The image signal processing circuit 45 performs predetermined processing on image data and outputs the image data that has undergone the predetermined processing to the graphics generation circuit 46. For example, if an operation command corresponding to the detection result obtained by the detection signal processing circuit 51 is input by the processor 42, the signal processing circuit 45 performs processing on the image data in response to the input operation command. The image signal processing circuit 45 outputs the image data processed according to the operation command input by the processor 42 to the graphics generation circuit 46.

[0032] It is noted that in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the display 1 is not set to the Fig. 1 to 5 and may be modified as appropriate. <1.2 Background>

[0033] Next, with reference to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 describe the background that led to the creation of the embodiments of the present disclosure by the present inventors. Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are explanatory diagrams for explaining the background of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0034] As described above, in the display (display device) 1, the vibration excitation units, the system circuit, and the like are provided as various drive units, which are provided on the rear surface side of the display panel and drive the display panel. In particular, as shown in Fig. As illustrated in Figure 6, vibration excitation units 308 that vibrate the display panel, and a display control unit (timing control: T-Ctrl) 302 that controls display by a display panel 100 are provided on the rear surface side of the display panel 100 having a plurality of organic EL elements. Furthermore, a main control unit 304 that controls the vibration excitation units 308 and the display control unit 302, and a power supply unit (power supply) 306 that supplies power to the display panel 100, the vibration excitation units 308, the display control unit 302, the main control unit 304, and the like are provided on the rear surface side of the display panel 100.It is noted that the vibration excitation units 308, the display control unit 302, the main control unit 304, and the power supply unit 306 correspond to the specific examples of a “drive unit” of the present disclosure that drives the display panel 100.

[0035] Then, as in Fig. As illustrated in Figure 7, due to the vibration of the vibration excitation units 308 (vibration source), heat is generated locally in the display panel 100 (for example, approximately 50°C to 60°C), and a temperature difference of approximately 10°C may occur throughout the display panel 100. Due to such a temperature distribution, color unevenness may occur in the displayed images on the display panel 100.

[0036] In addition, heat is similarly generated locally in the display panel 100 by the display control unit 302 (for example, it generates heat higher than 80 °C), the main control unit 304 (for example, it generates heat higher than 70 °C), and the power supply unit 306 (for example, it generates heat higher than 80 °C) and the like except the vibration excitation units 308, and color unevenness may accordingly occur in the displayed images on the display panel 100.

[0037] Specifically, the display panel 100 is locally heated by a heat source or vibration source 300, such as the vibration excitation units 308 (here, elements serving as the heat source are collectively referred to as a heat source (vibration source) 300), and the crystal state of an organic material of some organic EL elements on the display panel 100 changes. Then, as the crystal state changes, the conductive characteristics of electrons and holes of the organic material change. As a result, since the conductive characteristics of some of the organic EL elements change, a difference in the characteristics of the organic EL elements occurs throughout the entire display panel 100, and color unevenness occurs in the displayed images on the display panel 100.

[0038] Therefore, in related technology, such as Fig. 7, the vibration excitation units 308 and the like are scattered on the rear surface of the display panel 100, and a heat dissipation film 200 made of, for example, a graphite plate or an aluminum plate with a film thickness of 1 mm or less is provided on the rear surface of the display panel 100, thereby dissipating heat and minimizing occurrence of color unevenness.

[0039] However, if, for example, the display panel 100 is thick, the output of the vibration excitation units 308 for vibrating the display panel 100 is increased. Therefore, local heating is more likely to occur, and the occurrence of color unevenness cannot be minimized in some cases. Therefore, even in the related art, there is a limit to minimizing the occurrence of color unevenness. <<2. Overview of Embodiments of the Present Disclosure>>

[0040] Therefore, in consideration of such a circumstance, the present inventors studied an organic EL element using a material with high heat resistance that is less likely to cause changes in characteristics even at high temperatures, and created the embodiments of the present disclosure. The following describes the overview of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0041] It is known that a substance has three states: solid, liquid, and gas. However, there is also a state called glass (amorphous), in which, unlike a solid, where molecules and the like are regularly arranged, molecules and the like are irregularly arranged. If the temperature of the substance is increased, the substance changes from solid to glass, liquid, or gas. The temperature at which the substance is in the glassy state is called the glass transition point (Tg).

[0042] Therefore, the present inventors studied the use of a material whose crystal structure is less likely to change upon heating, that is, a material with a high glass transition point, as a material of the organic EL element. According to the studies conducted by the present inventors, as a result of examining the luminous efficiency of organic EL elements using various materials under assumed temperature conditions at the time of use, it was found that the luminous efficiency of an organic EL element is not deteriorated if a material with a glass transition point (Tg) of 120°C or higher is used.

[0043] Therefore, the present inventors focused on using a high glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120°C or higher for the organic EL element. That is, in the embodiments of the present disclosure created by the present inventors, the organic EL element includes an organic layer containing a high glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120°C or higher. The present inventors then conceived the use of an organic EL element formed by using an adamantane compound containing adamantane or the like as such a high glass transition temperature material.

[0044] Adamantane (C 10 H 16) is a molecule with 10 carbon atoms arranged in the same way as in a diamond structure, and with a cage-like structure, as represented by the following formula (1-1). Adamantane is known to have a high glass transition point and melting point because adamantane has a structure without distortion, is stable, and has a structure with high symmetry since the bond angles of carbons exceed the natural angle of sp 3 -carbon (about 109.5 degrees).

[0045] Typically, the glass transition point increases with increasing molecular weight, but adamantane has a higher glass transition point than its molecular weight. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, by using the adamantane compound containing adamantane represented by formula (1) as such a high glass transition temperature material having a high glass transition point, the electrical characteristics (conductive characteristics of electrons and holes) of the organic EL element are less likely to be changed by heat. Therefore, by using the adamantane compound, it is possible to minimize the occurrence of color unevenness in the displayed images on the display panel 100.

[0046] Diamantane having a diamond structure as represented by the above-described formula (1-2) and triamantane having a diamond structure as represented by the above-described formula (1-3) also have characteristics similar to those of adamantane. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, diamantane and triamantane can also be used in the same manner as adamantane. Note that in the present specification, the term "diamondoid" is used as a general term for adamantane, diamantane, or triamantane. Furthermore, in the present specification, a compound containing a diamondoid, in other words, a compound having an adamantane structure, a diamantane structure, or a triamantane structure, is referred to as a "diamondoid."Furthermore, in the present document, a compound having an adamantane structure represented by the formula (1-1) described above is referred to as an “adamantane compound”.

[0047] Specifically, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the organic EL element includes at least one organic layer containing a high glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120°C or higher as any of the layers. The organic layer contains, for example, a diamondoid compound. Further, in the present embodiment, the diamondoid compound may be a diamondoid compound selected from the group consisting of a plurality of diamondoid compounds containing units each represented by, for example, the following formulas (2) to (7). Further, in the present embodiment, the organic layer is preferably an adamantane compound selected from the group consisting of a plurality of adamantane compounds containing units each represented by, for example, the following formulas (2) to (7).

[0048] In formulas (2) to (7), L1 to L5 each independently represent a single bond or a linker.

[0049] In particular, the linker may be, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent condensed polycyclic aromatic group, a divalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids (adamantane, diamantane, triamantane) or the like.

[0050] It should be noted that in the present specification, the "substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group" is a divalent group derived from a "substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group" by removing a hydrogen atom in an alkyl chain. Furthermore, in the present specification, the "substituted or unsubstituted arylene group" is a divalent group derived from a "substituted or unsubstituted aryl group" by removing a hydrogen atom in an aryl ring. Furthermore, in the present specification, the "divalent condensed polycyclic aromatic group" is, for example, a divalent group derived from a ring structure forming a backbone, such as a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, or a pyrenyl group.

[0051] Examples of the alkylene group include a methylene group, an ethylene group, and an n-propylene group. Furthermore, examples of the arylene group include a phenylene group, a biphenylene group, and a terphenylene group. Examples of the divalent condensed polycyclic aromatic group include a naphthylene group and a phenanthrylene group.

[0052] The divalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids is a divalent group that has one or more of the adamantane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-1), the diamondane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-2), or the triamantane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-3), has no substituent, or has one substituent at the position of each carbon in the adamantane structure, the diamondane structure, or the triamantane structure, and is derived by removing hydrogen from each of two carbons in the adamantane structure, the diamondane structure, or the triamantane structure. If the divalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.Furthermore, if the divalent functional group has multiple diamantane structures, the diamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Furthermore, if the divalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.

[0053] Furthermore, in formulas (2) to (7), Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids (adamantane, diamantane, triamantane). In other words, Ad is a monovalent group that has no substituent or has a substituent at the position of each carbon of the adamantane structure, the diamantane structure, or the triamantane structure, and is derived by removing hydrogen from a carbon of an adamantane structure, diamantane structure, or triamantane structure. It is noted that if the monovalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. It is noted that if the monovalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.Furthermore, if the monovalent functional group has multiple diamond structures, the diamond structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Note that if the monovalent functional group has multiple diamond structures, the diamond structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Furthermore, if the monovalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Note that if the monovalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, since the organic EL element has the organic layer containing the high glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120°C or higher, it is possible to prevent changes in the conductive characteristics of the organic EL element even though the display panel 100 is locally heated by the heat source (vibration source) 300 such as the vibration excitation unit 308. Therefore, in the present embodiment, since there are no differences in the characteristics of the organic EL elements throughout the display panel 100, the occurrence of color unevenness of the displayed images on the display panel 100 can be minimized.

[0055] Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, since the characteristics of the organic EL element of the display panel 100 are less likely to be changed by heat, the display panel 100 itself can be made thinner. Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, the cost of the display 1 can be reduced because the provision of the heat dissipation film 200 is not required.

[0056] In addition, according to the present embodiment, since the occurrence of color unevenness of the displayed images on the display panel 100 can be minimized even though a larger number of the vibration excitation units 308 or the vibration excitation units 308 with a larger output are mounted on the display unit 100, it is possible to achieve audio amplification while maintaining high-quality images.

[0057] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, by using the diamondoid compound as the high glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120°C or higher, the display 1 can be manufactured without substantially changing manufacturing processes. That is, according to the present embodiment, the display 1 can be easily manufactured.

[0058] Hereinafter, the details of each embodiment of the present disclosure created by the present inventors will be described in turn. <<3. First embodiment>>

[0059] First, a configuration example of an organic EL element 500 according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to Fig. 8 described. Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the organic EL element 500 of the present embodiment.

[0060] As in Fig. As illustrated in FIG. 8, the organic EL element 500 according to the present embodiment has a laminated structure including an emission layer 510 provided above a substrate (not illustrated), and a positive electrode (first electrode) 502 and a negative electrode (second electrode) 504 with the emission layer 510 sandwiched therebetween. Furthermore, the laminated structure includes a hole injection layer 520 provided between the emission layer 510 and the positive electrode 502, and an electron injection layer 540 provided between the emission layer 510 and the negative electrode 504.

[0061] Furthermore, the laminated structure may include a hole-transport layer 522 between the hole-injection layer 520 and the emission layer 510, and may further include an electron-blocking layer 524 between the hole-transport layer 522 and the emission layer 510. Furthermore, the laminated structure may include an electron-transport layer 542 between the electron-injection layer 540 and the emission layer 510, and may further include a hole-blocking layer 544 between the electron-transport layer 542 and the emission layer 510. That is, in the present embodiment, the laminated structure may not include the hole-transport layer 522, the electron-blocking layer 524, the electron-transport layer 542, and the hole-blocking layer 544, or may include some or all of them. Details of each layer of the laminated structure will be described below.

[0062] Note that in the present embodiment, it is sufficient for at least one of the multiple layers in the laminated structure constituting the organic EL element 500 to contain a diamondoid compound. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, it is preferable for at least one of the multiple layers in the laminated structure constituting the organic EL element 500 to contain an adamantane compound. (Substrate)

[0063] The substrate serving as a support of the organic EL element 500 may be formed of, for example, glass, quartz, plastic, silicon, or the like. (Positive electrode 502)

[0064] The positive electrode 502 has a function of injecting holes into the organic EL element 500. The positive electrode 502 can be formed from, for example, a metal with a high work function, an alloy, an electrically conductive compound, and a multilayer body thereof. Examples of the material of the positive electrode 502 include indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), gold (Au), and platinum (Pt). (Hole injection layer 520)

[0065] The hole-injection layer 520 is a layer containing a substance with a high hole-injection property. In the present embodiment, the hole-injection layer 520 may contain a diamondoid compound as one of the amine compounds with a high hole-injection property. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the hole-injection layer 520 preferably contains an adamantane compound.

[0066] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the hole injection layer 520 may contain any diamondoid compound containing a unit represented by the following formula (8) or formula (9).

[0067] In formulas (8) and (9), L1 to L5 each independently represent a single bond or a linker.

[0068] In particular, the linker may be, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent condensed polycyclic aromatic group, a divalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids (adamantane, diamantane, triamantane) or the like.

[0069] Examples of the alkylene group include a methylene group, an ethylene group, and an n-propylene group. Furthermore, examples of the arylene group include a phenylene group, a biphenylene group, and a terphenylene group. Examples of the divalent condensed polycyclic aromatic group include a naphthylene group and a phenanthrylene group.

[0070] The divalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids is a divalent group that has one or more of the adamantane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-1), the diamondane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-2), or the triamantane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-3), has no substituent, or has one substituent at the position of each carbon in the adamantane structure, the diamondane structure, or the triamantane structure, and is derived by removing hydrogen from each of two carbons in the adamantane structure, the diamondane structure, or the triamantane structure. If the divalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.Furthermore, if the divalent functional group has multiple diamantane structures, the diamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Furthermore, if the divalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.

[0071] Furthermore, in formulas (8) and (9), Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids (adamantane, diamantane, triamantane). In other words, Ad is a monovalent group that has no substituent or has a substituent at the position of each carbon of the adamantane structure, the diamantane structure, or the triamantane structure, and is derived by removing hydrogen from a carbon of an adamantane structure, diamantane structure, or triamantane structure. It is noted that if the monovalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. It is noted that if the monovalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.Furthermore, if the monovalent functional group has multiple diamond structures, the diamond structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Note that if the monovalent functional group has multiple diamond structures, the diamond structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Furthermore, if the monovalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Note that if the monovalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.

[0072] The hole-injection layer 520 may or may not contain a dopant. The dopant is a material capable of generating holes in the hole-injection layer 520. For example, a compound having an electron-withdrawing group (e.g., a halogen group or a cyano group), such as a quinodimethane derivative, a chloranil derivative, or a hexaazatriphenylene derivative, can be used as the dopant.

[0073] Note that in the present embodiment, the hole-injection layer 520 can be formed from a material other than the materials described above, because it is sufficient for at least one layer of the multiple layers in the laminated structure constituting the organic EL element 500 to contain the diamondoid compound. As a material of the hole-injection layer 520, for example, molybdenum oxide, titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, rhenium oxide, ruthenium oxide, chromium oxide, zirconium oxide, hafnium oxide, tantalum oxide, silver oxide, tungsten oxide, manganese oxide, an aromatic amine compound, a polymer compound (such as an oligomer, dendrimer, or polymer), or the like can also be used. (Hole transport layer 522)

[0074] The hole-transport layer 522 has a function of transporting the holes injected into the hole-injection layer 520 to the emission layer 510 side. The hole-transport layer 522 is a layer containing a substance with a high hole-transport property. In the present embodiment, the hole-transport layer 522 may contain a diamondoid compound as one of amine compounds with a high hole-transport property.

[0075] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the hole-transport layer 522 may contain any diamondoid compound containing a unit represented by the following formula (10) or formula (11). Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the hole-transport layer 522 preferably contains any adamantane compound containing a unit represented by the following formula (10) or formula (11).

[0076] In formulas (10) and (11), L1 to L5 each independently represent a single bond or a linker.

[0077] In particular, the linker may be, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent condensed polycyclic aromatic group, a divalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids (adamantane, diamantane, triamantane) or the like.

[0078] Examples of the alkylene group include a methylene group, an ethylene group, and an n-propylene group. Furthermore, examples of the arylene group include a phenylene group, a biphenylene group, and a terphenylene group. Examples of the divalent condensed polycyclic aromatic group include a naphthylene group and a phenanthrylene group.

[0079] The divalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids is a divalent group that has one or more of the adamantane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-1), the diamondane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-2), or the triamantane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-3), has no substituent, or has one substituent at the position of each carbon in the adamantane structure, the diamondane structure, or the triamantane structure, and is derived by removing hydrogen from each of two carbons in the adamantane structure, the diamondane structure, or the triamantane structure. If the divalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.Furthermore, if the divalent functional group has multiple diamantane structures, the diamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Furthermore, if the divalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.

[0080] Furthermore, in formulas (10) and (11), Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids (adamantane, diamantane, triamantane). In other words, Ad is a monovalent group that has no substituent or has a substituent at the position of each carbon of the adamantane structure, the diamantane structure, or the triamantane structure, and is derived by removing hydrogen from a carbon of an adamantane structure, diamantane structure, or triamantane structure. It is noted that if the monovalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. It is noted that if the monovalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.Furthermore, if the monovalent functional group has multiple diamond structures, the diamond structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Note that if the monovalent functional group has multiple diamond structures, the diamond structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Furthermore, if the monovalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Note that if the monovalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.

[0081] It is noted that in the present embodiment, the hole-transport layer 522 can be formed from a material other than those described above, because it is sufficient that at least one layer of the multiple layers in the laminated structure constituting the organic EL element 500 contains the diamondoid compound. For example, an aromatic amine compound, a carbazole derivative, an anthracene derivative, or the like can be used as the material of the hole-transport layer 522, and a polymer compound such as poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (abbreviation: PVK) or poly(4-vinyltriphenylamine) (abbreviation: PVTPA) can be used. It is noted that in the present embodiment, a material other than those described above can be used as the material of the hole-transport layer 522, as long as the material is a substance having a higher hole-transport property than an electron-transport property.Furthermore, in the present embodiment, it is sufficient that the hole transport layer 522 may be a multilayer body in which different materials are layered. (Electron blocking layer 524)

[0082] The electron-blocking layer 524 has a function of blocking electrons injected from the negative electrode 504 from passing through the emission layer 510 and being injected into the hole-transport layer 522 without contributing to recombination, thereby confining the holes within the emission layer 510. The electron-blocking layer 524 also has a function of blocking excitation energy obtained in the emission layer 510 from being energetically transferred to the molecules of the hole-transport layer 522. That is, the electron-blocking layer 524 can prevent a decrease in the luminous efficiency of the organic EL element 500.

[0083] The electron-blocking layer 524 is a layer containing a substance with a hole-transport property higher than or approximately equal to an electron-transport property, a lower LUMO (Least Unoccupied Molecular Orbital) level than the molecules in the emission layer 510, and a wider band gap. In the present embodiment, the electron-blocking layer 524 may contain a diamondoid compound as one of the amine compounds with a high hole-transport property.

[0084] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the electron-blocking layer 524 may contain a diamondoid compound containing a unit represented by the following formula (12). Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the electron-blocking layer 524 preferably contains an adamantane compound containing a unit represented by the following formula (12).

[0085] In formula (12), L1 to L3 each independently represent a single bond or a linker.

[0086] In particular, the linker may be, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent condensed polycyclic aromatic group, a divalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids (adamantane, diamantane, triamantane) or the like.

[0087] Examples of the alkylene group include a methylene group, an ethylene group, and an n-propylene group. Furthermore, examples of the arylene group include a phenylene group, a biphenylene group, and a terphenylene group. Examples of the divalent condensed polycyclic aromatic group include a naphthylene group and a phenanthrylene group.

[0088] The divalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids is a divalent group that has one or more of the adamantane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-1), the diamondane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-2), or the triamantane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-3), has no substituent, or has one substituent at the position of each carbon in the adamantane structure, the diamondane structure, or the triamantane structure, and is derived by removing hydrogen from each of two carbons in the adamantane structure, the diamondane structure, or the triamantane structure. If the divalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.Furthermore, if the divalent functional group has multiple diamantane structures, the diamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Furthermore, if the divalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.

[0089] Furthermore, in formula (12), Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids (adamantane, diamantane, triamantane). In other words, Ad is a monovalent group that has no substituent or has a substituent at the position of each carbon of the adamantane structure, the diamantane structure, or the triamantane structure, and is derived by removing hydrogen from a carbon of an adamantane structure, diamantane structure, or triamantane structure. It is noted that if the monovalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. It is noted that if the monovalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.Furthermore, if the monovalent functional group has multiple diamond structures, the diamond structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Note that if the monovalent functional group has multiple diamond structures, the diamond structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Furthermore, if the monovalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Note that if the monovalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.

[0090] Note that in the present embodiment, the electron-blocking layer 524 can be formed from a material other than the previously described materials because it is sufficient for at least one layer of the multiple layers in the laminated structure constituting the organic EL element 500 to contain the diamondoid compound. For example, an aromatic amine derivative, a carbazole derivative, a 9,10-dihydroacridine derivative, a benzofuran derivative, a benzothiophene derivative, or the like can be used as the material of the electron-blocking layer 524. (Emission layer 510)

[0091] The emission layer 510 is a layer in which light emission can occur through the recombination of holes and electrons. In the present embodiment, the emission layer 510 can emit any of blue light, red light, green light, yellow light, or cyan light. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, two or more emission layers 510 that emit light of different colors can be layered in the organic EL element 500.

[0092] The emission layer 510 contains a highly luminescent substance (dopant), and for example, a fluorescent compound that emits fluorescence or a phosphorescent compound that emits phosphorescence can be used as the highly luminescent substance. The fluorescent compound is a compound capable of emitting light from a singlet excited state, and the phosphorescent compound is a compound capable of emitting light from a triplet excited state. Then, in the emission layer 510, the previously described highly luminescent substance (dopant) can be dispersed in a host material.The host material is preferably a material with a higher LUMO level (LUMO - lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) and a lower HOMO level (HOMO: Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital) than those of the strongly luminescent substance.

[0093] In the present embodiment, a blue-light-emitting emission layer 510 may contain a diamondoid compound containing a moiety represented by the following formula (13) as the dopant or host material. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the blue-light-emitting emission layer 510 preferably contains an adamantane compound containing a moiety represented by the following formula (13) as the dopant or host material.

[0094] In formula (13), L1 represents a single bond or a linker.

[0095] In particular, the linker may be, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent condensed polycyclic aromatic group, a divalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids (adamantane, diamantane, triamantane) or the like.

[0096] Examples of the alkylene group include a methylene group, an ethylene group, and an n-propylene group. Furthermore, examples of the arylene group include a phenylene group, a biphenylene group, and a terphenylene group. Examples of the divalent condensed polycyclic aromatic group include a naphthylene group and a phenanthrylene group.

[0097] The divalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids is a divalent group that has one or more of the adamantane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-1), the diamondane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-2), or the triamantane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-3), has no substituent, or has one substituent at the position of each carbon in the adamantane structure, the diamondane structure, or the triamantane structure, and is derived by removing hydrogen from each of two carbons in the adamantane structure, the diamondane structure, or the triamantane structure. If the divalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.Furthermore, if the divalent functional group has multiple diamantane structures, the diamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Furthermore, if the divalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.

[0098] Furthermore, in formula (13), Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids (adamantane, diamantane, triamantane). In other words, Ad is a monovalent group that has no substituent or has a substituent at the position of each carbon of the adamantane structure, the diamantane structure, or the triamantane structure, and is derived by removing hydrogen from a carbon of an adamantane structure, diamantane structure, or triamantane structure. It is noted that if the monovalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. It is noted that if the monovalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.Furthermore, if the monovalent functional group has multiple diamond structures, the diamond structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Note that if the monovalent functional group has multiple diamond structures, the diamond structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Furthermore, if the monovalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Note that if the monovalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.

[0099] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, an emission layer 510 that emits red light and an emission layer 510 that emits green light may also contain diamondoid compounds. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the emission layer 510 that emits red light and the emission layer 510 that emits green light also preferably contain adamantane compounds.

[0100] Note that in the present embodiment, the emission layer 510 may be formed of a material other than the materials described above because it suffices that at least one layer of the multiple layers in the laminated structure constituting the organic EL element 500 contains the diamondoid compound. For example, in the present embodiment, the emission layer 510 may contain the following materials. Specifically, as a blue fluorescent material that can be used for the emission layer 510, for example, a pyrene derivative, a styrylamine derivative, a chrysene derivative, a fluoranthene derivative, a fluorene derivative, a diamine derivative, a triarylamine derivative, or the like can be used. In addition, as a green fluorescent material that can be used for the emission layer 510, for example, an aromatic amine derivative or the like can be used.Furthermore, as a red fluorescent material that can be used for the emission layer 510, for example, a tetracene derivative, a diamine derivative, or the like can be used.

[0101] Furthermore, as a blue phosphorescent material that can be used for the emission layer 510, for example, a metal complex such as an iridium complex, an osmium complex, a platinum complex, or the like can be used. Furthermore, as a green phosphorescent material that can be used for the emission layer 510, for example, an iridium complex or the like can be used. Furthermore, as a red phosphorescent material that can be used for the emission layer 510, for example, a metal complex such as an iridium complex, a platinum complex, a terbium complex, a europium complex, or the like can be used.

[0102] In addition, as the host material, for example, a metal complex such as an aluminum complex, a beryllium complex or a zinc complex, a heterocyclic compound such as an oxadiazole derivative, a benzimidazole derivative or a phenanthroline derivative, a condensed aromatic compound such as a carbazole derivative, an anthracene derivative, a phenanthrene derivative, a pyrene derivative or a chrysene derivative, or an aromatic amine compound such as a triarylamine derivative or a condensed polycyclic aromatic amine derivative can also be used. (Hole blocking layer 544)

[0103] The hole-blocking layer 544 has a function of blocking holes injected from the positive electrode 502 from passing through the emission layer 510 and being injected into the electron-transport layer 542 without contributing to recombination, thereby confining the holes within the emission layer 510. The hole-blocking layer 544 also has a function of blocking excitation energy obtained in the emission layer 510 from being energetically transferred to the molecules in the electron-transport layer 542. That is, the hole-blocking layer 544 can prevent a decrease in the luminous efficiency of the organic EL element 500.

[0104] The hole blocking layer 544 preferably has an electron transport property higher than or approximately equal to the hole transport property; it is preferred to use a material that has a deeper HOMO level and a larger band gap than the molecules in the emission layer 510.

[0105] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the hole-blocking layer 544 may contain any diamondoid compound containing a unit represented by the following formula (14) or formula (15). Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the hole-blocking layer 544 preferably contains any adamantane compound containing a unit represented by the following formula (14) or formula (15).

[0106] In formula (14) or formula (15), L1 to L3 represent a single bond or a linker.

[0107] In particular, the linker may be, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent condensed polycyclic aromatic group, a divalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids (adamantane, diamantane, triamantane) or the like.

[0108] Examples of the alkylene group include a methylene group, an ethylene group, and an n-propylene group. Furthermore, examples of the arylene group include a phenylene group, a biphenylene group, and a terphenylene group. Examples of the divalent condensed polycyclic aromatic group include a naphthylene group and a phenanthrylene group.

[0109] The divalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids is a divalent group that has one or more of the adamantane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-1), the diamondane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-2), or the triamantane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-3), has no substituent, or has one substituent at the position of each carbon in the adamantane structure, the diamondane structure, or the triamantane structure, and is derived by removing hydrogen from each of two carbons in the adamantane structure, the diamondane structure, or the triamantane structure. If the divalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.Furthermore, if the divalent functional group has multiple diamantane structures, the diamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Furthermore, if the divalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.

[0110] Furthermore, in formulas (14) and (15), Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids (adamantane, diamantane, triamantane). In other words, Ad is a monovalent group that has no substituent or has a substituent at the position of each carbon of the adamantane structure, the diamantane structure, or the triamantane structure, and is derived by removing hydrogen from a carbon of an adamantane structure, diamantane structure, or triamantane structure. It is noted that if the monovalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. It is noted that if the monovalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.Furthermore, if the monovalent functional group has multiple diamond structures, the diamond structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Note that if the monovalent functional group has multiple diamond structures, the diamond structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Furthermore, if the monovalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Note that if the monovalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.

[0111] Note that in the present embodiment, the hole-blocking layer 544 can be formed from a material other than the previously described materials because it is sufficient for at least one layer of the multiple layers in the laminated structure constituting the organic EL element 500 to contain the diamondoid compound. For example, a metal complex such as a phenanthroline derivative, an oxadiazole derivative, a triazole derivative, bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinolato)(4-hydroxybiphenylyl)aluminum, or the like can be used as the material of the hole-blocking layer 544. (Electron transport layer 542)

[0112] The electron-transport layer 542 has a function of transporting the electrons injected from the negative electrode 504 into the electron-injection layer 540 to the emission layer 510 side. The electron-transport layer 542 is a layer containing a substance with a high electron-transport property.

[0113] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the electron-transport layer 542 may contain a diamondoid compound having a high electron-transport property. Furthermore, the diamondoid compound may be a diamondoid compound selected from the group consisting of a plurality of diamondoid compounds containing units each represented by the following formulas (16) to (18). Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the electron-transport layer 542 preferably contains an adamantane compound selected from the group consisting of a plurality of adamantane compounds containing units each represented by the following formulas (16) to (18).

[0114] In formulas (16) to (18), L1 to L3 each independently represent a single bond or a linker.

[0115] In particular, the linker may be, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent condensed polycyclic aromatic group, a divalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids (adamantane, diamantane, triamantane) or the like.

[0116] Examples of the alkylene group include a methylene group, an ethylene group, and an n-propylene group. Furthermore, examples of the arylene group include a phenylene group, a biphenylene group, and a terphenylene group. Examples of the divalent condensed polycyclic aromatic group include a naphthylene group and a phenanthrylene group.

[0117] The divalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids is a divalent group that has one or more of the adamantane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-1), the diamondane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-2), or the triamantane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-3), has no substituent, or has one substituent at the position of each carbon in the adamantane structure, the diamondane structure, or the triamantane structure, and is derived by removing hydrogen from each of two carbons in the adamantane structure, the diamondane structure, or the triamantane structure. If the divalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.Furthermore, if the divalent functional group has multiple diamantane structures, the diamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Furthermore, if the divalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.

[0118] Furthermore, in formulas (16) to (18), Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids (adamantane, diamantane, triamantane). In other words, Ad is a monovalent group that has no substituent or has a substituent at the position of each carbon of the adamantane structure, the diamantane structure, or the triamantane structure, and is derived by removing hydrogen from a carbon of an adamantane structure, diamantane structure, or triamantane structure. It is noted that if the monovalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. It is noted that if the monovalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.Furthermore, if the monovalent functional group has multiple diamond structures, the diamond structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Note that if the monovalent functional group has multiple diamond structures, the diamond structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Furthermore, if the monovalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Note that if the monovalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.

[0119] Note that in the present embodiment, the electron-transport layer 542 can be formed from a material other than the materials described above, because it is sufficient for at least one layer of the multiple layers in the laminated structure constituting the organic EL element 500 to contain the diamondoid compound. For example, a metal complex such as an aluminum complex, a beryllium complex, or a zinc complex; a heteroaromatic compound such as an imidazole derivative, a benzimidazole derivative, an azine derivative, a carbazole derivative, or a phenanthroline derivative; a polymer compound; or the like can be used as the material of the electron-transport layer 542.

[0120] In addition, the electron transport layer 542 may or may not contain a lithium complex. (Electron injection layer 540)

[0121] The electron injection layer 540 has a function of promoting injection of electrons from the negative electrode 504. The electron injection layer 540 is a layer containing a substance with a high electron injection property. For the electron injection layer 540, for example, a metal complex compound such as lithium (Li), ytterbium (Yb), lithium fluoride (LiF), cesium fluoride (CsF), calcium fluoride (CaF2), or 8-hydroxyquinolinolato-lithium (Liq), an alkali metal such as lithium oxide (LiO) can be used. x ), an alkaline earth metal or a compound thereof.

[0122] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the electron injection layer 540 may contain a diamondoid compound. (Negative Electrode 504)

[0123] The negative electrode 504 has a function of injecting electrons into the organic EL element 500. It is preferable to use a high work function metal, an alloy, an electrically conductive compound, and a multilayer body thereof as the negative electrode 504. Examples of such a material of the negative electrode 504 include alkali metals such as lithium (Li) and cesium (Cs); alkaline earth metals such as magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and strontium (Sr), and alloys containing these metals (for example, MgAg and AlLi); rare earth metals such as europium (Eu) and ytterbium (Yb), and alloys containing these metals.

[0124] In addition, various conductive materials such as aluminum, silver (Ag), ITO, and graphene can be used for the negative electrode 504.

[0125] It is noted that in the present embodiment, a film thickness of each layer of the laminated structure of the organic EL element 500 is not particularly limited, but is generally preferably within a range of several nm to 1 μm in order to minimize defects such as pinholes, control the applied voltage to be low, and improve the luminous efficiency.

[0126] It is noted that the configuration of the organic EL element 500 according to the present embodiment is not limited to that shown in Fig. 8 illustrated configuration is limited.

[0127] As described above, in the present embodiment, since the organic EL element 500 has at least one organic layer containing the high glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120°C or higher, it is possible to prevent changes in the conductive characteristics of the organic EL element 500 even though the display panel 100 is locally heated by the heat source (vibration source) 300 such as the vibration excitation unit 308. Therefore, in the present embodiment, since there are no differences in the characteristics of the organic EL elements 500 throughout the display panel 100, the occurrence of color unevenness of the displayed images on the display panel 100 can be minimized.

[0128] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, by using the diamondoid compound as the high glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120°C or higher, the display 1 can be manufactured without substantially changing manufacturing processes. That is, according to the present embodiment, the display 1 can be easily manufactured. <<4. Second embodiment>>

[0129] Next, a configuration example of an organic EL element 500a according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to Fig. 9 described. Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the organic EL element 500a of the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, the organic EL element 500a is described, which has a tandem structure in which two or more laminated structures of the organic EL elements 500 according to the first embodiment described above are stacked. With such a tandem structure, the organic EL element 500a according to the present embodiment can efficiently emit stronger light with a smaller current.

[0130] As in Fig. As illustrated in FIG. 9, in the organic EL element 500a according to the present embodiment, two laminated structures are stacked, each having a hole injection layer 520, a hole transport layer 522, an electron blocking layer 524, an emission layer 510, a hole blocking layer 544, and an electron transport layer 542 sequentially layered. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the two laminated structures are sandwiched between a positive electrode 502 and an electron injection layer 540 and a negative electrode 504, and a charge generation layer 550 is provided between the two laminated structures. Note that in the present embodiment, the number of laminated structures is not limited to two and is not specifically limited as long as two or more laminated structures are stacked.Furthermore, in the present embodiment, it is sufficient that at least one of the multiple layers in the laminated structures constituting the organic EL element 500a contains a diamondoid compound. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, it is preferable that at least one of the multiple layers in the laminated structures constituting the organic EL element 500a contains an adamantane compound.

[0131] Hereinafter, the details of each layer of the laminated structures described above will be described, but in the present embodiment, each layer designated by the same reference numeral as that of the first embodiment may have the same function as that of each layer in the first embodiment and may be formed of the same material, and accordingly, the description of details of the same layer will not be repeated here. (Emission layer 510)

[0132] Note that in the present embodiment, it is assumed that the emission layer 510 can emit any of blue light, red light, green light, yellow light, or cyan light. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, two or more laminated structures may have emission layers 510 that emit light of different colors. (Charge generation layer 550)

[0133] The charge generation layer 550 is a layer having a function of generating a charge.

[0134] In the present embodiment, the charge generation layer 550 may contain a diamondoid compound. Furthermore, the diamondoid compound is a diamondoid compound containing a unit represented by the following formula (19). Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the charge generation layer 550 preferably contains an adamantane compound containing a unit represented by the following formula (19).

[0135] In formula (19), L1 to L4 each independently represent a single bond or a linker.

[0136] In particular, the linker may be, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent condensed polycyclic aromatic group, a divalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids (adamantane, diamantane, triamantane) or the like.

[0137] Examples of the alkylene group include a methylene group, an ethylene group, and an n-propylene group. Furthermore, examples of the arylene group include a phenylene group, a biphenylene group, and a terphenylene group. Examples of the divalent condensed polycyclic aromatic group include a naphthylene group and a phenanthrylene group.

[0138] The divalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids is a divalent group that has one or more of the adamantane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-1), the diamondane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-2), or the triamantane structure represented by the above-described formula (1-3), has no substituent, or has one substituent at the position of each carbon in the adamantane structure, the diamondane structure, or the triamantane structure, and is derived by removing hydrogen from each of two carbons in the adamantane structure, the diamondane structure, or the triamantane structure. If the divalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.Furthermore, if the divalent functional group has multiple diamantane structures, the diamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Furthermore, if the divalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.

[0139] Furthermore, in formula (19), Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids (adamantane, diamantane, triamantane). In other words, Ad is a monovalent group that has no substituent or has a substituent at the position of each carbon of the adamantane structure, the diamantane structure, or the triamantane structure, and is derived by removing hydrogen from a carbon of an adamantane structure, diamantane structure, or triamantane structure. It is noted that if the monovalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. It is noted that if the monovalent functional group has multiple adamantane structures, the adamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.Furthermore, if the monovalent functional group has multiple diamond structures, the diamond structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Note that if the monovalent functional group has multiple diamond structures, the diamond structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Furthermore, if the monovalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions. Note that if the monovalent functional group has multiple triamantane structures, the triamantane structures may each have different substituents at different positions.

[0140] Note that in the present embodiment, the charge generation layer 550 can be formed from a material other than the materials described above because it is sufficient for at least one layer of the multiple layers in the laminated structures constituting the organic EL element 500 to contain the diamondoid compound. For example, a metal complex such as an aluminum complex, a beryllium complex, or a zinc complex; a heteroaromatic compound such as an imidazole derivative, a benzimidazole derivative, an azine derivative, a carbazole derivative, or a phenanthroline derivative; a polymer compound; or the like can be used as the material of the charge generation layer 550.

[0141] In addition, the charge generation layer 550 may or may not contain a lithium complex.

[0142] It is noted that the configuration of the organic EL element 500a according to the present embodiment is not limited to that shown in Fig. 9 illustrated configuration is limited.

[0143] As described above, in the present embodiment, since the organic EL element 500a includes at least one organic layer containing the high glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120°C or higher, it is possible to prevent changes in the conductive characteristics of the organic EL element 500a even though the display panel 100 is locally heated by the vibration source such as the vibration excitation unit 308 or the heat source 300. Therefore, in the present embodiment, since there are no differences in the characteristics of the organic EL elements 500a throughout the display panel 100, the occurrence of color unevenness of the displayed images on the display panel 100 can be minimized.

[0144] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, by using the diamondoid compound as the high glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120°C or higher, the display 1 can be manufactured without substantially changing manufacturing processes. That is, according to the present embodiment, the display 1 can be easily manufactured. <<5. Third Embodiment>>

[0145] Next, a configuration example of an organic EL element 500c according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to Fig. 10 described. Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the organic EL element 500c of the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, the organic EL element 500c having a tandem structure in which two or more laminated structures of the organic EL elements 500 according to the above-described first embodiment are stacked and emitting white light will be described.

[0146] As in Fig. As illustrated in FIG. 10, in the organic EL element 500c according to the present embodiment, three laminated structures are stacked, each having a hole-transport layer 522, an electron-blocking layer 524, an emission layer 510, a hole-blocking layer 544, and an electron-transporting layer 542 sequentially layered. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the three laminated structures are sandwiched between a positive electrode 502 and a hole-injection layer 520, and an electron-injection layer 540 and a negative electrode 504, and charge-generation layers 550 are provided between the laminated structures in the same manner as in the second embodiment.

[0147] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, an emission layer 510 of the uppermost laminated structure and an emission layer 510 of the lowermost laminated structure are emission layers 510b that emit blue light, and the emission layer 510 of a laminated structure in the middle is formed with a multilayer body of an emission layer 510r that emits red light and an emission layer 510g that emits green light. It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the layering order of the emission layer 510r that emits red light and the emission layer 510g that emits green light is not limited to that shown in Fig. 10 is limited. As described above, in the present embodiment, since an organic EL element 500c includes emission layers 510b, 510g, and 510r that emit blue light, red light, and green light, the organic EL element 500c can emit white light due to the color mixing of these lights. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the emission layer 510 of the laminated structure in the center can be an emission layer 510 that emits yellow light.

[0148] Note that in the present embodiment, the number of laminated structures is not limited to three, and is not specifically limited as long as two or more laminated structures are stacked. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, it is sufficient that at least one of the multiple layers in the laminated structures constituting the organic EL element 500c contains a diamondoid compound. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, it is preferable that at least one of the multiple layers in the laminated structures constituting the organic EL element 500c contains an adamantane compound.

[0149] It is noted that in the present embodiment, each layer designated by the same reference numeral as those of the first and second embodiments may have the same function as that of each layer in the first and second embodiments and may be formed of the same material, and accordingly, the description of details of the same layer will not be repeated here.

[0150] It is noted that the configuration of the organic EL element 500c according to the present embodiment is not limited to that shown in Fig. 10 illustrated configuration is limited.

[0151] As described above, in the present embodiment, since the organic EL element 500c includes at least one organic layer containing the high glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120°C or higher, it is possible to prevent changes in the conductive characteristics of the organic EL element 500c even though the display panel 100 is locally heated by the vibration source such as the vibration excitation unit 308 or the heat source 300. Therefore, in the present embodiment, since there are no differences in the characteristics of the organic EL elements 500c throughout the display panel 100, the occurrence of color unevenness of the displayed images on the display panel 100 can be minimized. <<6. Fourth Embodiment>>

[0152] Next, a configuration example of an organic EL element 500d according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to Fig. 11 described. Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the organic EL element 500d of the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, although the organic EL element 500d has a configuration similar to that of the first embodiment, the emission layer 510 includes an emission layer 510b that emits blue light, and the blue light is converted into red light or green light by a quantum dot layer 570 provided on a laminated structure of the organic EL element 500d. In the present embodiment, by using a quantum dot layer 570, light having a wavelength with a narrow spectral width and a sharp peak, that is, light with high color purity, can be obtained.

[0153] The quantum dot layer 570 contains fine particles with a particle diameter of a few nm to 20 nm, i.e., quantum dots. The quantum dots exhibit optical properties due to a quantum confinement effect (quantum size effect), which confines electrons and excitons in nanometer-sized crystals. For example, a quantum dot can emit light (here, red light or green light) with a longer wavelength than the excitation light when excited by the excitation light (here, blue light from the emission layer 510g). Furthermore, the wavelength of the emitted light can be freely controlled by the particle diameter of the quantum dot.

[0154] It is noted that in the present embodiment, since light with a longer wavelength has higher energy, blue light can be used as excitation light to efficiently obtain red light and green light from the quantum dots.

[0155] As in Fig. As illustrated in FIG. 11, the organic EL element 500d according to the present embodiment has a laminated structure including a hole-injection layer 520, a hole-transport layer 522, an electron-blocking layer 524, an emission layer 510b that emits blue light, a hole-blocking layer 544, an electron-transport layer 542, and an electron-injection layer 540, which are sequentially layered. Furthermore, in the organic EL element 500d, the laminated structure is sandwiched between a positive electrode 502 and a negative electrode 504. Note that, in the present embodiment, it is sufficient that at least one of a plurality of layers in the laminated structure or the quantum dot layer 570 constituting the organic EL element 500d contains a diamondoid compound.

[0156] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, a protective film 560 is formed on the negative electrode 504, and quantum dot layers 570r and 570g and a dispersant 572 are provided on the protective film 560.

[0157] Hereinafter, the details of each layer of the organic EL element 500d will be described, but in the present embodiment, each layer denoted by the same reference numeral as that of the first embodiment may have the same function as that of each layer in the first embodiment and may be formed of the same material, and accordingly, the description of details of the same layer will not be repeated here. (Emission layer 510b)

[0158] In the present embodiment, the emission layer 510b can emit blue light. (Protective film 560)

[0159] The protective film 560 is made of, for example, a nitride film such as silicon nitride (SiN), an oxide film such as silicon oxynitride (SiON) or aluminum oxide (AlO x ), a transparent organic film, a multilayer film thereof, or the like. Note that the protective film 560 may be a multilayer body comprising layers made of different materials. (Quantum dot layers 570g and 570r)

[0160] A quantum dot layer 570g can emit green light by blue light from the emission layer 510b, and a quantum dot layer 570r can emit red light by blue light from the emission layer 510b. Note that in the present embodiment, the quantum dot layer 570 can emit yellow light or cyan light.

[0161] Examples of the material of the quantum dot layer 570 include semiconductor compounds such as group II-VI semiconductor compounds such as MgS, MgSe, MgTe, CaS, CaSe, CaTe, SrS, SrSe, SrTe, BaS, BaSe, BaTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdS, CdSe, CdTe, HgS, HgSe, and HgTe, group III-V semiconductor compounds such as AlN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, GaAs, GaP, GaN, GaSb, InN, InAs, InP, InSb, TiN, TiP, TiAs, and TiSb, and group IV semiconductors such as Si, Ge, and Pb.

[0162] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the quantum dot layers 570g and 570r may contain diamondoid compounds. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the quantum dot layers 570g and 570r preferably contain adamantane compounds. (Dispersant 572)

[0163] The dispersant 572 is formed of, for example, a resin such as a styrene resin, an acrylic resin, a styrene-acrylic copolymer resin, or a siloxane resin, and can scatter light.

[0164] It is noted that the configuration of the organic EL element 500d according to the present embodiment is not limited to that shown in Fig. 11 illustrated configuration is limited.

[0165] As described above, in the present embodiment, since the organic EL element 500d includes at least one organic layer containing the high glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120°C or higher, it is possible to prevent changes in the conductive characteristics of the organic EL element 500d even though the display panel 100 is locally heated by the vibration source such as the vibration excitation unit 308 or the heat source 300. Therefore, in the present embodiment, since there are no differences in the characteristics of the organic EL elements 500d throughout the display panel 100, the occurrence of color unevenness of the displayed images on the display panel 100 can be minimized. <<7. Fifth Embodiment>>

[0166] Next, a configuration example of an organic EL element 500e according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to Fig. 12 and Fig. 13 described. Fig. 12 and Fig. 13 are diagrams illustrating a configuration example of the organic EL element 500e of the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, the organic EL element 500e is described in which quantum dots are applied to a tandem structure of the organic EL elements 500c according to the third embodiment described above.

[0167] As in Fig. As illustrated in FIG. 12, in the organic EL element 500e according to the present embodiment, three laminated structures are stacked, each having a hole-transport layer 522, an electron-blocking layer 524, an emission layer 510, a hole-blocking layer 544, and an electron-transporting layer 542 sequentially layered. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the three laminated structures are sandwiched between a positive electrode 502 and a hole-injection layer 520, and an electron-injection layer 540 and a negative electrode 504, and charge-generation layers 550 are provided between the laminated structures in the same manner as in the second embodiment.

[0168] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the emission layers 510 of all laminated structures are emission layers 510b that emit blue light. Note that in the present embodiment, if three or more laminated structures are stacked, some of the plurality of emission layers 510 may emit light other than blue light.

[0169] Note that in the present embodiment, the number of laminated structures is not limited to three, and is not specifically limited as long as two or more laminated structures are stacked. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, it is sufficient that at least one of the multiple layers in the laminated structures constituting the organic EL element 500e contains a diamondoid compound. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, it is preferable that at least one of the multiple layers in the laminated structures constituting the organic EL element 500e contains an adamantane compound.

[0170] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, a protective film 560 is formed on the negative electrode 504, and quantum dot layers 570r and 570g and a dispersant 572 are provided on the protective film 560, in the same manner as in the fourth embodiment.

[0171] In addition, in the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 13 illustrates, in an organic EL element 500f, four laminated structures are stacked, each having a hole transport layer 522, an electron blocking layer 524, an emission layer 510, a hole blocking layer 544, and an electron transport layer 542, which are sequentially layered. Furthermore, in Fig. 13 Among the emission layers 510 in the laminated structures, three emission layers 510 from the lower side may be emission layers 510b that emit blue light, and one emission layer 510 from the upper side may be an emission layer 510g that emits green light.

[0172] It is noted that in the present embodiment, each layer designated by the same reference numeral as those of the first to fourth embodiments may have the same function as that of each layer in the first to fourth embodiments and may be formed of the same material, and accordingly, the description of details of the same layer will not be repeated here.

[0173] It is noted that the configuration of the organic EL element 500e according to the present embodiment is not limited to that shown in Fig. 12 and Fig. 13 illustrated configurations.

[0174] As described above, in the present embodiment, since the organic EL element 500e includes at least one organic layer containing the high glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120°C or higher, it is possible to prevent changes in the conductive characteristics of the organic EL element 500e even though the display panel 100 is locally heated by the vibration source such as the vibration excitation unit 308 or the heat source 300. Therefore, in the present embodiment, since there are no differences in the characteristics of the organic EL elements 500e throughout the entire display panel 100, the occurrence of color unevenness of the displayed images on the display panel 100 can be minimized. <<8. Sixth Embodiment>>

[0175] In the organic EL element 500 according to the above-described embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for forming each layer is not specifically limited. For example, for the organic EL element 500 according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, a known vacuum evaporation method, spin coating method, or the like can be used for formation. For example, each layer, such as the emission layer 510, can be formed by a known method such as a vacuum evaporation method, a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) method, or a coating method such as an immersion method, a spin coating method, a drop-in method, a bar coating method, or a roll coating method using a solution dissolved in a solvent.

[0176] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, for example, as a method for forming the electron-transport layer 542 and the like, a method of simultaneously depositing (co-depositing) two compounds from different deposition sources may be used, or a method of previously mixing these compounds and then depositing them from the same deposition source may be used.

[0177] Furthermore, the negative electrode 504 and the like are typically formed by a vacuum evaporation method or a sputtering method. Furthermore, if a silver paste or the like is used as the negative electrode 504, a coating method, an inkjet method, or the like may be used. <<9. Conclusion>>

[0178] As described above, in each embodiment of the present disclosure, since the organic EL element 500 has the organic layer containing the high glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120°C or higher, it is possible to prevent changes in the conductive characteristics of the organic EL element 500 even though the display panel 100 is locally heated by the vibration source such as the vibration excitation unit 308 or the heat source 300. Therefore, in the present embodiment, since there are no differences in the characteristics of the organic EL elements 500 throughout the display panel 100, the occurrence of color unevenness of the displayed images on the display panel 100 can be minimized.

[0179] Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, since the characteristics of the organic EL element 500 of the display panel 100 are less likely to be changed by heat, the display panel 100 itself can be made thinner. Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, the cost of the display 1 can be reduced because the provision of the heat dissipation film 200 is not required. Furthermore, in the display (display device) 1 according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, since it is not required to provide the heat dissipation film 200, the vibration excitation units, the system circuit, and the like are provided as various drive units, which are provided on the rear surface side of the display panel so as to be in contact with the display panel and drive the display panel.Specifically, in the display 1 according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration excitation units 308, which are in contact with the rear surface and vibrate the display panel, and the display control unit 302, which controls a display on the display panel 100, are provided on the rear surface side of the display panel 100 having the plurality of organic EL elements. Furthermore, the main control unit 304, which controls the vibration excitation units 308 and the display control unit 302, and the power supply unit 306, which supplies power to the display panel 100, the vibration excitation units 308, the display control unit 302, the main control unit 304, and the like, are provided on the rear surface side of the above-described display panel 100 so as to be in contact with the rear surface.

[0180] In addition, according to the present embodiment, since the occurrence of color unevenness of the displayed images on the display panel 100 can be minimized even though a larger number of the vibration excitation units 308 or the vibration excitation units 308 with a larger output are mounted on the display unit 100, it is possible to achieve audio amplification while maintaining high-quality images.

[0181] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, by using the diamondoid compound as the high glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120°C or higher, the display 1 can be manufactured without substantially changing manufacturing processes. That is, according to the present embodiment, the display 1 can be easily manufactured.

[0182] It is noted that the technology according to the present disclosure can be applied to a display device that functions as a display unit for various electronic devices. Specifically, the technology according to the present disclosure can be applied to a display device of an electronic device, such as a television, a tablet, or a smartphone. <<10. Concluding remarks>>

[0183] Although the suitable embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the technical scope of the present disclosure is not limited to such examples. It is obvious that a person skilled in the art of the present disclosure can devise various changes or modifications within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims, and it is understood that these naturally also fall within the technical scope of the present disclosure.

[0184] Furthermore, the effects described in this document are merely illustrative or exemplary and are not limiting. That is, the technology according to the present disclosure may have other effects that would be apparent to a person skilled in the art from the description of this document, along with or in place of the foregoing effects.

[0185] It is noted that the present technology may also have the following configurations. (1) A display device comprising: a display panel comprising a plurality of organic EL elements; and a drive unit provided so as to be in contact with the display panel and driving the display panel, wherein each organic EL element has an organic layer containing a high glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120 °C or higher. (2) The display device according to (1), wherein the organic layer contains a diamondoid compound as the material with high glass transition temperature. (3) The display device according to (2), wherein the organic layer contains an adamantane compound as the material with high glass transition temperature. (4) The display device according to (2), wherein the display device is provided with a vibration excitation unit which causes the display panel to vibrate as the control unit. (5) The display device according to (4), wherein the display device is provided with, as the control unit, at least one selected from the group consisting of: a display control unit that controls a display on the display panel; a main control unit that controls the vibration excitation unit or the display control unit; and a power supply unit that supplies power to the display panel, the vibration excitation unit, the display control unit, or the main control unit. (6) The display device according to (4) or (5), wherein the organic layer contains a diamondoid compound selected from the group consisting of several diamondoid compounds each containing units represented by formulas (1) to (6), where L1 to L5 each independently represent a single bond or a linker, and Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids. (7) The display device according to any one of (4) to (6), wherein each organic EL element has a laminated structure in which an emission layer, a first electrode and a second electrode with the emission layer sandwiched between the first electrode and the second electrode, a hole injection layer provided between the emission layer and the first electrode, and an electron injection layer provided between the emission layer and the second electrode, are layered, and at least one layer selected from the group consisting of the emission layer, the hole injection layer and the electron injection layer containing the diamondoid compound. (8) The display device according to (7), wherein the hole injection layer contains the diamondoid compound containing a unit represented by formula (7) or formula (8), where L1 to L5 each independently represent a single bond or a linker, and Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids. (9) The display device according to (7) or (8), wherein the emission layer contains the diamondoid compound containing a unit represented by formula (9), where L1 represents a single bond or a linker, and Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids. (10) The display device according to any one of (7) to (9), wherein the emission layer emits any one of blue light, red light, green light, yellow light or cyan light. (11) The display device according to (10), wherein two or more emission layers emitting light of different colors are laminated in the laminated structure. (12) The display device according to any one of (7) to (11), wherein the laminated structure has the following: a hole transport layer between the hole injection layer and the emission layer, and the hole transport layer contains the diamondoid compound containing a unit represented by formula (10) or formula (11), where L1 to L5 each independently represent a single bond or a linker, and Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids. (13) The display device according to (12), wherein the laminated structure comprises: an electron blocking layer between the hole transport layer and the emission layer, and the electron blocking layer contains the diamondoid compound containing a unit represented by formula (12), where L1 to L3 each independently represent a single bond or a linker, and Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids. (14) The display device according to any one of (7) to (13), wherein the laminated structure has the following: an electron transport layer between the electron injection layer and the emission layer, and the electron transport layer contains a diamondoid compound selected from the group consisting of several diamondoid compounds each containing units represented by formulas (13) to (15), where L1 to L3 each independently represent a single bond or a linker, and Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids. (15) The display device according to (14), wherein the laminated structure has the following: a hole blocking layer between the electron transport layer and the emission layer, and the hole-blocking layer contains the diamondoid compound containing a unit represented by formula (16) or formula (17), where L1 to L3 each independently represent a single bond or a linker, and Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids. (16) The display device according to (14) or (15), wherein the organic EL element has two or more laminated structures that are stacked, a charge generation layer is provided between the laminated structures, and the charge generation layer contains the diamondoid compound containing a unit represented by formula (18), where L1 to L4 each independently represent a single bond or a linker, and Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids. (17) The display device according to (16), wherein the two or more laminated structures that are stacked have emission layers that emit light of different colors. (18) The display device according to any one of (7) to (10), wherein the organic EL element has a quantum dot layer provided on the laminated structures. (19) The display device according to (18), wherein the quantum dot layer contains the diamondoid compound. (20) An electronic device comprising a display device, wherein the display device has the following: a display panel comprising a plurality of organic EL elements, and a drive unit provided so as to be in contact with the display panel and drive the display panel, and each organic EL element has an organic layer containing a high glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120 °C or higher. List of reference symbols 1 ad 1A display area 1B Framework area 10, 100 display panels 11 pixels 11a Pixel circuit 11b, 500, 500a, 500c, 500d, 500e, 500f organic EL element 13 panels 14, 200 heat dissipation film 20 frames 30 printed circuit 40 system circuit board 41 Receiving circuit 42 processor 43 storage 43A Table 44 decoders 45 Image signal processing circuit 46 Graphics generation circuit 47 OLED panel control circuit 48 Audio signal processing circuit 49 Vibration excitation unit control circuit 51 Detection signal processing circuit 300 Heat source (vibration source) 302 Display control unit 304 Main control unit 306 Power supply unit 308 Vibration excitation unit 502 Positive electrode 504 Negative electrode 510, 510b, 510g, 510r emission layer 520 hole injection layer 522 hole transport layer 524 Electron blocking layer 540 electron injection layer 542 Electron transport layer 544 Hole blocking layer 550 charge generation layer 560 protective film 570, 570g, 570r quantum dot layer 572 Dispersants QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] JP 2022-62222 A

[0003]

Claims

[1] Display device comprising: a display panel comprising a plurality of organic EL elements; and a drive unit provided so as to be in contact with the display panel and driving the display panel, wherein each organic EL element has an organic layer containing a high glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120 °C or higher. [2] The display device according to claim 1, wherein the organic layer contains a diamondoid compound as the high glass transition temperature material. [3] The display device according to claim 2, wherein the organic layer contains an adamantane compound as the high glass transition temperature material. [4] The display device according to claim 2, wherein the display device is provided with a vibration excitation unit that vibrates the display panel as the driving unit. [5] Display device according to claim 4, wherein the display device is provided with, as the control unit, at least one selected from the group consisting of: a display control unit that controls a display on the display panel; a main control unit that controls the vibration excitation unit or the display control unit; and a power supply unit that supplies power to the display panel, the vibration excitation unit, the display control unit, or the main control unit. [6] The display device according to claim 4, wherein the organic layer contains a diamondoid compound selected from the group consisting of a plurality of diamondoid compounds each containing units represented by formulas (1) to (6), where L1 to L5 each independently represent a single bond or a linker, and Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids. [7] Display device according to claim 4, wherein each organic EL element has a laminated structure in which an emission layer, a first electrode and a second electrode with the emission layer sandwiched between the first electrode and the second electrode, a hole injection layer provided between the emission layer and the first electrode, and an electron injection layer provided between the emission layer and the second electrode, are layered, and at least one layer selected from the group consisting of the emission layer, the hole injection layer and the electron injection layer containing the diamondoid compound. [8] Display device according to claim 7, wherein the hole injection layer contains the diamondoid compound containing a unit represented by formula (7) or formula (8), where L1 to L5 each independently represent a single bond or a linker, and Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids. [9] A display device according to claim 7, wherein the emission layer contains the diamondoid compound containing a unit represented by formula (9), where L1 represents a single bond or a linker, and Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids. [10] The display device according to claim 7, wherein the emission layer emits any one of blue light, red light, green light, yellow light or cyan light. [11] A display device according to claim 10, wherein two or more emission layers emitting light of different colors are laminated in the laminated structure. [12] Display device according to claim 7, wherein the laminated structure has the following: a hole transport layer between the hole injection layer and the emission layer, and the hole transport layer contains the diamondoid compound containing a unit represented by formula (10) or formula (11), where L1 to L5 each independently represent a single bond or a linker, and Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids. [13] Display device according to claim 12, wherein the laminated structure has the following: an electron blocking layer between the hole transport layer and the emission layer, and the electron blocking layer contains the diamondoid compound containing a unit represented by formula (12), where L1 to L3 each independently represent a single bond or a linker, and Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids. [14] Display device according to claim 7, wherein the laminated structure has the following: an electron transport layer between the electron injection layer and the emission layer, and the electron transport layer contains a diamondoid compound selected from the group consisting of several diamondoid compounds each containing units represented by formulas (13) to (15), where L1 to L3 each independently represent a single bond or a linker, and Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids. [15] Display device according to claim 14, wherein the laminated structure has the following: a hole blocking layer between the electron transport layer and the emission layer, and the hole-blocking layer contains the diamondoid compound containing a unit represented by formula (16) or formula (17), where L1 to L3 each independently represent a single bond or a linker, and Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids. [16] Display device according to claim 14, wherein the organic EL element has two or more laminated structures that are stacked, a charge generation layer is provided between the laminated structures, and the charge generation layer contains the diamondoid compound containing a unit represented by formula (18), where L1 to L4 each independently represent a single bond or a linker, and Ad is a monovalent functional group containing one or more substituted or unsubstituted diamondoids. [17] The display device according to claim 16, wherein the two or more laminated structures stacked have emission layers that emit light of different colors. [18] The display device according to claim 7, wherein the organic EL element comprises a quantum dot layer provided on the laminated structures. [19] The display device according to claim 18, wherein the quantum dot layer contains the diamondoid compound. [20] An electronic device comprising a display device, the display device comprising: a display panel comprising a plurality of organic EL elements, and a drive unit provided so as to be in contact with the display panel and drive the display panel, and each organic EL element has an organic layer containing a high glass transition temperature material having a glass transition point of 120 °C or higher.

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