System for converting a web-shaped starting material into packaging bags

Abstract

System (100, 200) for converting a web-shaped input material (1) defining a web longitudinal direction (L) and extending between two longitudinal edges (6) opposite each other in the web width direction (B), in particular made of paper or cardboard, into packaging bags (11), comprising: a feed device (110, 210) for drawing off the web-shaped starting material (1), a forming device (130, 230) for continuously forming the web-shaped starting material (1) into a material web (5) with a V- or U-shaped cross-section and a receiving cavity (9) extending in the longitudinal direction (L) of the web, wherein the forming device (130, 230) comprises at least one folding means, such as a folding roller (131, 132, 133), which is capable of being brought into contact with the web of material (1) transversely to the web longitudinal direction (L), in particular centrally, preferably in the web width direction (B), between the opposing longitudinal edges (6), in order to introduce two wings (8) projecting from a pocket base (7) into the web-shaped starting material (1), preferably in the web width direction (B), wherein the system comprises a deflection, such as a deflection roller (120, 220), for guiding the web-shaped input material (1) from the feed device (110, 210) along the deflection to the forming device (130, 230), characterized by the fact that the deflection, in particular the deflection roller (120, 220), can be brought into contact with the web-shaped starting material in a circumferential contact area of ​​at least 10°, in particular at least 45°, preferably at least 60°, particularly preferably at least 90°.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a system for converting a web-shaped starting material into packaging bags. A web-shaped starting material defines a longitudinal direction and extends between two opposing longitudinal edges. The web-shaped starting material preferably consists of paper or cardboard.

[0002] Packaging bags, a web of packaging material, and packaging material blanks are known from DE 10 2020 114 211 A1. Such packaging bags, etc., are used in the packaging industry to pack items, especially shipping items, in particular to protect them from damage during shipping.

[0003] Although various systems are known for forming packaging bags from webs of packaging material to hold items such as shipping goods.

[0004] US 9,725,194 B2 describes a system for the automatic packaging of items on a sliding plane. A web material is redirected from a feed plane to the sliding plane. During redirection, the packaging web material is drawn along angular wedges, creating elongated grooves in the material. Downstream of the wedges, the packaging web material is folded over to form a packaging web from which blanks can be taken. The system has a large length in the web direction and thus a large footprint, which is undesirable given the limited space in a shipping center. The angular grooving has been shown to be a frequent cause of web breaks, disrupting the continuous production of packaging webs and blanks.The packaging material blanks produced by the system sometimes exhibit insufficient cushioning properties for damage-free transport of shipped items.

[0005] GB 1,067,166 describes a system for packaging articles. The system comprises a supply roll of a weldable web material such as polyethylene or polypropylene. Starting from the supply roll, the web material is unwound downwards over guide rollers and fed between a forming channel, bounded transversely to the web's longitudinal direction by side walls, and an infeed channel extending inside the conveying channel. The infeed channel is dimensioned for a specific type of identical shipping item. Along the infeed channel, the upwardly open packaging material web can be loaded from above with articles such as shipping items. A pusher pushes the inserted articles out of the channel pair in the conveying direction and into a packaging material tube.At the end of the feed channel, the edges of the web material are folded inwards by a pair of folding lips and sealed with a first punch to form the packaging material tube. A second punch, positioned further downstream, seals the leading and trailing edges of the tube (in the longitudinal direction of the web) and includes a cutting edge for separating packaging pouches. From an environmental perspective, it is desirable to avoid heat-sealable plastic webs. The supply reel positioned at the top can only hold a very limited quantity of the starting material web. Furthermore, it is heavy and time-consuming to load. Forming using a pair of channels has also proven to be a frequent cause of web breaks, which disrupts the continuous production of packaging material webs and sections thereof.The channel pairing is dimensioned to fit specific items, meaning it is not flexible enough to package a variety of differently shaped items. Instead, different channel pairs must be provided for different item types, requiring costly system reconfiguration. Furthermore, the protruding longitudinal edges of the packaging material web in the area of ​​the channel pair have been found to pose a risk of injury. Using the pusher is tiring and time-consuming for the user. If a user inserts items that are too large, these items or the packaging material web can be damaged when using the pusher. The system also has a large footprint, which is undesirable for small logistics centers.

[0006] It is an object of the invention to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular to provide a system for converting a web-shaped starting material which is easy, safe and reliable to handle and suitable for packaging a wide variety of objects while requiring little space.

[0007] Accordingly, a system for converting a web-shaped input material is provided, wherein the input material defines a longitudinal web direction and extends between two longitudinal edges opposite each other in the web width direction. In particular, the input material comprises, and especially predominantly, i.e., at least 75%, and more specifically at least 80%, preferably at least 90%, paper or cardboard, or consists thereof.

[0008] Web-shaped material, like the starting material, has a longitudinal web direction. The web-shaped material preferably has a constant web / material thickness. Web-shaped material generally expands in the web width direction transversely to the web length direction and, viewed transversely to the web direction, has a particularly constant width. In the web width direction, the web-shaped material has opposite longitudinal edges. In the web width direction, the packaging material web or the web-shaped starting material terminates at a longitudinal edge extending in the web length direction. For example, the web-shaped starting material has a width of at least 200 mm and, in particular, at most 2000 mm. For example, the width is approximately 500 mm.Web-shaped material generally has much larger dimensions in the longitudinal direction than in the width direction. For example, the extent of the web material in the longitudinal direction can be at least 20, at least 50, at least 100, or at least 1000 times greater than in the width direction. Web-shaped material generally has much larger dimensions in the width direction than in the thickness direction. For example, the extent of the web material in the width direction can be at least 20, at least 50, at least 100, or at least 1000 times greater than the web / material thickness. Optionally, at least one longitudinal edge strip adjacent to a longitudinal edge is provided, at least partially, with a cold-sealable adhesive. The adhesive width of the longitudinal edge strip provided with cold-sealable adhesive can be at least 10 mm and, in particular, at most 300 mm, 250 mm, or at most 200 mm.For example, both opposite longitudinal edges can be coated with cold-sealable adhesive.

[0009] The web-like material is preferably made predominantly or entirely of a cellulose-based material. In particular, the web-like material can be made of paper, such as recycled paper, and / or cardboard, especially corrugated cardboard. Preferably, a web-like material made of paper or cardboard, especially corrugated cardboard, is provided. The material web can be made of paper, such as recycled paper, and / or 100% recyclable paper, which may be produced without chemical additives. Recycled paper is, in particular, paper materials with a low proportion (less than 50%) of virgin fiber paper. For example, paper materials containing 70% to 100% recycled paper, especially based on waste paper, are used.The recycled paper within the meaning of this invention can be paper material that has a tensile strength index longitudinally to the machine direction of at most 90 Nm / g, preferably a tensile strength of 15 Nm / g to 60 Nm / g, and a tensile strength index transversely to the machine direction of at most 60 Nm / g, preferably a tensile strength of 5 Nm / g to 40 Nm / g. For determining the tensile strength or the tensile strength index, a standard such as DIN EN ISO 1924-2 or DIN EN ISO 1924-3 can be used. In addition, or alternatively, a recycled paper property can be characterized by its so-called burst resistance. A material in this sense is recycled paper with a burst index of at most 3.0 kPa*m^2 / g, preferably with a burst index of 0.8 kPa*m^2 / g to 2.5 kPa*m^2 / g. The burst index is determined according to the standard DIN EN ISO 2758.Furthermore, the packaging material has a basis weight of, in particular, 40 g / m² to a maximum of 140 g / m². The web-like starting material can be in the form of a roll of material or a zigzag-folded stack of packaging material, also known as a leporello stack.

[0010] The system according to the invention comprises a feed device for drawing off the web-like input material, in particular from a supply of web material, such as a supply roll. The feed device can, for example, comprise opposing conveyor rollers, conveyor cylinders, or the like. It is preferred that the feed device has a drive unit, such as an electric motor, which drives at least one conveyor roller. Preferably, the feed device is designed to draw off the web-like input material from a supply of web material, for example, a zigzag-folded stack of material, which can also be referred to as a leporello stack, or from a supply roll.

[0011] The system according to the invention further comprises a forming device for continuously forming the web-shaped starting material into a material web with a receiving cavity extending in the longitudinal direction of the web. The forming device is preferably designed and configured to form the, in particular initially flat, web-shaped starting material into a material web with a V- or U-shaped cross-section. Preferably, the receiving cavity of the material web has an insertion opening extending in the longitudinal direction of the web. In particular, the receiving cavity is bounded by a pocket base formed opposite the insertion opening and laterally by projecting wings of the material web. The material web can, for example, be formed with a V-shaped cross-section.The forming device can, for example, be configured to transform an initially flat, web-shaped starting material by bending or folding at least one wing extending along a first (e.g., right in the conveying direction) or second (e.g., left in the conveying direction) longitudinal edge onto the other wing. Alternatively, the material web can be formed with a U-shaped cross-section. The forming device can be configured to bend or fold opposing wings at both opposite longitudinal edges of the initially flat, web-shaped starting material towards each other, forming a back extending along the center of the web material. In the system for transforming the web-shaped starting material, the forming device is preferably arranged downstream of the feed device in the conveying direction.

[0012] In particular, the forming device comprises at least one folding means, such as a folding roller, which can be brought into contact with the material web, such as a rolling contact, a sliding contact, or the like. The folding means can be designed and configured, in particular, to press against the material web. The folding means can be arranged relative to at least one other means determining the conveying path of the web-shaped input material or the material web, in particular at least one upstream, downstream, or to the right or left of the folding means with respect to the conveying direction, such that the folding means, together with the at least one other means, causes a deformation of an originally flat, web-shaped extension.

[0013] In particular, at least one other means determining the conveying path of the web-shaped starting material or the material web can be brought into contact with the starting material or the material web, or has been brought into contact with it.

[0014] The forming device comprises at least one folding means, such as a folding roller, which presses against the web of material transversely to the longitudinal direction of the web between the opposing longitudinal edges to introduce two wings projecting from a pocket base into the web-shaped starting material. Preferably, the folding means presses against the web in the web width direction, particularly centrally between the opposing longitudinal edges.

[0015] The system for converting a web-shaped input material into packaging bags further comprises a deflection device, such as a deflection roller, for guiding the web-shaped input material from the infeed device along the deflection device to the forming device. In the conveying direction, the deflection device is arranged between the infeed device and the forming device. Advantageously, the deflection device can implement a means that determines, at least in sections, the conveying path of the web-shaped input material between the infeed device and the forming device. In particular, the forming device can be adapted to the web-shaped input material, the infeed device, and / or the forming device such that the web-shaped input material has a flat, web-like extension at the forming device, especially along at least a partial wrap around the forming device.A flat, web-like extension of the web-like input material is understood to refer particularly to its extension in the web width direction. In the conveying direction or the web longitudinal direction corresponding to the conveying direction, the flat, web-like input material can be guided along a curved path, particularly by means of deflection, the feed device, and optionally a support roller or the like, wherein the curved path can, for example, be C- or S-shaped in sections. Preferably, the deflection is designed to change the path of the web-like input material in the conveying direction, for example by at least 10° and / or not more than 180°.

[0016] The deflection element can be shaped, for example, as a roller, particularly as an ideal cylindrical roller. Preferably, a deflection element shaped as a roller can be a single piece and extend along the width of the web-shaped starting material. Alternatively, a deflection element shaped as a roller can be convex, with the diameter at each end of the roller being smaller than the diameter in the middle. The advantage of this design is that the deflection element has a positive influence on the forming device downstream of it in the flow direction, as well as on the web-shaped starting material, and that the web-shaped starting material is held centrally within the system relative to the forming device. This allows the system to be designed to be particularly compact and essentially eliminates the need for guides for laterally guiding the web-shaped starting material.Furthermore, a convex deflection design allows the web-shaped starting material to be pre-stretched, thus simplifying the downstream forming process and potentially making it more reliable, and increasing the conveying speed. The term "convex design" preferably refers to a continuously curved shape. Alternatively, stepped designs that approximate a convex silhouette are also conceivable. In a simpler configuration, only a single step is present, where the deflection, designed as a roller, resembles the shape of a truncated cone, with the diameter being largest in the central region of this roller and smaller at each end.Convex designs for such a deflection mechanism, which is shaped like a roller, have proven to be highly effective, with the different circumferential speeds having no discernible influence on the resulting friction between the web-shaped starting material and the roller.

[0017] It is conceivable that the deflection device is composed of several roller and / or cylinder sections arranged side by side in the transverse direction across the width of the web-shaped input material, possibly distributed. These multiple roller and / or cylinder sections share a common pivot point along a straight central longitudinal axis. A previously mentioned convex deflection design with a deflection roller or cylinder consisting of several sections can be implemented, particularly by having at least some individual roller and / or cylinder sections have different outer diameters, preferably with the overall appearance of all roller and / or cylinder sections assembled to form a deflection roller or cylinder forming a convex structure resembling a convex enveloping silhouette.

[0018] It may be advantageous for the deflection mechanism to interact with a dancer element positioned upstream of the deflection in the conveying direction. In principle, such a dancer element can be designed as a roller. The dancer element can act as a tensioning device, ensuring that the web-shaped input material is constantly kept under tension between the feed device and the forming device. The tension force is preset and results in a reliable forming and conveying process, as will be explained in more detail later.

[0019] The deflection device, for example a deflection roller, is designed and configured to guide the web-shaped input material from the feed device along the deflection to the forming device. Preferably, the deflection device is positioned upstream of the forming device in the conveying direction. According to the second aspect of the invention, the deflection device, in particular the deflection roller, has a circumferential contact area of ​​at least 10°, in particular at least 45°, preferably at least 60°, and most preferably at least 90°, which can be brought into contact with, or is in contact with, the web-shaped input material. Preferably, the deflection device comprises a partially cylindrical or cylindrical, in particular rotating, means that determines the conveying path of the web-shaped input material, which is preferably realized by a deflection roller, in particular a single roller.It may be preferable for the deflection to be designed and configured to redirect the conveying direction of the web-like input material at the deflection outlet relative to the conveying direction at the deflection outlet, according to the circumferential contact area. This deflection allows the system for converting a web-like input material into packaging bags to be implemented in a particularly space-saving manner. Furthermore, providing a deflection significantly reduces the risk of the web-like input material tearing in the approach to the forming device.

[0020] According to one embodiment of a system according to the second aspect, the deflection comprises at least one retaining strap which can be brought into contact with the web-shaped starting material radially outside with respect to the deflection axis, and wherein the retaining strap can be applied to or is applied to the web-shaped starting material at least in a portion of the circumferential contact area, in particular in at least a majority of the circumferential contact area, wherein the majority comprises at least 50%, in particular at least 75%, preferably at least 90% of the circumferential contact area. In particular, the retaining strap extends in the web width direction over less than half, in particular less than one-third, preferably less than 15% of the axial length of the deflection and / or an output width of the web-shaped starting material.The retaining belt is preferably guided by at least two, and in particular three, belt rollers, with the retaining belt bearing against the deflection pulley, in particular the deflection roller, between a first and a second belt roller. It may be advantageous for the retaining belt to be conveyed by a retaining belt drive, in particular with a belt speed corresponding to the circumferential speed of the deflection roller. Optionally, the retaining belt can be designed to run freely. For this purpose, at least one of the belt rollers can be equipped with a freewheel. In particular, in the case of a belt deflection roller, the rotatable bearing and the freewheel are aligned coaxially with each other. Especially during the initial installation of the web-shaped input material into the system, the freewheel has proven to be very helpful as an installation aid, preventing the web-shaped input material from slipping back.The use of a retaining strap has proven particularly useful in combination with large circumferential contact areas.

[0021] According to a second aspect of the invention, which can be combined with the first and / or the other aspects, a system for converting a web-shaped input material into packaging bags is provided, comprising a feed device, a forming device, and a deflection device. According to the second aspect of the invention, the deflection device is arranged above the forming device in a vertical direction and / or the deflection device imposes at least one turn of the web-shaped input material between the feed device and the forming device. The second aspect of the invention can be combined with the first and the other aspects. Alternatively, particularly in combination with the first and / or the other aspects of the invention, the deflection device can be arranged upstream of the forming device in the conveying direction.In general, the forming device, optionally together with the deflection device provided upstream of the forming device and / or together with a feeding device provided downstream of the forming device, defines a conveying path for the material web, along which the material web moves downstream during operation. The vertical direction can be defined as the direction that extends orthogonally relative to a support surface, such as a hall floor, on which the system is to be arranged or is to be arranged. The vertical direction preferably corresponds to the direction in which gravity acts. It may be preferred that the conveying direction at the outlet of the forming process corresponds to the conveying direction at the inlet and / or through the forming device. A turn can be described by a U-shaped conveying path of the web-shaped input material, wherein the U can be oriented, for example, vertically or inverted.An S-shaped conveying path for the web-like input material comprises two turns, whereby the web-like input material can be guided according to a horizontal or vertical S. It is conceivable that the web-like input material is guided along a W- or M-shaped conveying path with three turns. Tension for guiding the web-like input material and preparing for a pocket-shaped forming process can be provided in the system by means of one or more turns. In an embodiment of the deflection and the forming device, each with at least one partially cylindrical or cylindrical, in particular rotating, means defining the conveying path of the web-like input material or the material web, it may be preferred that the cylindrical and / or rotary axes of these means are aligned parallel to each other.By incorporating a deflection mechanism, the system for converting a web-like input material into packaging bags can be implemented in a particularly space-saving manner. Furthermore, the risk of tearing of the web-like input material can be significantly reduced by including a deflection mechanism.

[0022] According to a preferred embodiment of the system, the deflection is arranged relative to a vertical direction above the feed device and / or optionally above a supply of material webs. It is preferred that the conveying direction at the inlet of the forming process corresponds to the conveying direction at the outlet and / or through the forming device. In an embodiment of the deflection and the feed device, each with at least one partially cylindrical or cylindrical, in particular rotating, means that determines the conveying path of the web-shaped input material, it is preferred that the cylindrical and / or rotary axes of these means are aligned parallel to each other. Arranging the deflection above the feed device allows for further space savings.By using an upper deflection instead of a material web supply arranged at the top, as is the case in prior art, the system is much easier to handle during both maintenance and loading with new feed material compared to conventional systems. Advantageously, the material supply and the feed device can be arranged directly one above the other in the vertical direction, or they can be slightly offset from each other and essentially one above the other in the vertical direction. To make handling the material supply as easy as possible, especially during replacement and refilling, the feed device is preferably arranged above the material supply.The material supply and the feed device are arranged adjacent to the forming device, particularly directly next to each other, enabling an extremely compact system design for converting a web-like input material into packaging bags. A particularly compact design can be achieved by arranging the deflection above the feed device and / or the forming device. In this way, the deflection can also contribute to a particularly compact system design. Furthermore, the deflection can preferably be designed as a roller. The web-like input material runs over the deflection, particularly the deflection roller. If the deflection is designed as a particularly ideal cylindrical roller, the material web exits the deflection in a flat shape, following the contour of the deflection, and makes the web-like input material available to the forming device for further processing in the downstream forming device.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the system, the web-shaped input material is guided in the forming device with a conveying direction that is oriented downwards relative to a vertical direction. It is preferred that the forming device, optionally together with the deflection provided upstream of the forming device and / or together with a feeding device provided downstream of the forming device, defines a conveying path for the material web which is oriented downwards in the vertical direction along the conveying path through the forming device and / or at the outlet of the forming device. Preferably, the web-shaped input material extends with its web width direction at the deflection, particularly flat, along a contact line or contact surface of the deflection with the web-shaped input material.While it is common practice in the prior art to align the conveying direction of the material web in the forming device horizontally and to feed the web-shaped starting material to the forming device in a horizontal direction, further space savings can be achieved through the design according to the invention.

[0024] According to a third aspect of the invention, which can be combined with one or more of the other aspects, a system for converting a web-shaped starting material into packaging bags is provided, comprising a feed device, a forming device, and a deflection device. The deflection device, for example a deflection roller, is designed and configured to guide the web-shaped starting material from the feed device along the deflection device to the forming device.

[0025] According to the third aspect of the invention, the forming device comprises at least two folding means arranged one behind the other in the conveying direction. The folding means can be implemented, for example, by guide rail sections, rigid sliding discs, mandrels, folding rollers, or the like. The folding means preferably constitute means of the forming device that determine the conveying path of the material web. The forming device and / or a feeding device define a guide surface for the pocket base. Preferably, the guide surface is designed to guide and / or support the V- or U-shaped formed material web in the area of ​​the pocket base and / or between opposing wings of the material web. It may be preferred that the guide surface, at least in sections, constitutes a means that determines the conveying path of the web-shaped starting material or the material web, which is in contact with the starting material or the material web.The guide surface can be brought or is brought to the material web. It can be designed, in particular, as a stop for objects used or usable in a feeding device, such as shipping items. A deflection axis defined by the deflection mechanism, in particular the deflection roller, is oriented transversely, in particular perpendicularly to the conveying direction along the guide surface and / or offset from the guide surface.

[0026] According to the third aspect of the invention, at least one first folding means, such as a first folding roller, is arranged between the guide surface and the deflection axis. Preferably, the second folding means, for example, the outer circumference of a second folding roller, corresponds to the position of the guide surface. It is particularly preferred that a distance perpendicular to the guide surface between the first folding means and the guide surface is at least one-eighth, in particular at least one-quarter, preferably at least one-third and / or not more than three-quarters, in particular not more than two-thirds, preferably not more than half, of the distance orthogonal to the guide surface between the deflection axis and the guide surface. It should be understood that the second folding means is arranged further away from the deflection in the conveying direction than the first folding means.In a forming device with multiple folding rollers or the like, it may be preferred that the cylinder and / or rotary axes of these folding elements are aligned parallel to each other. Additionally or alternatively, it may be provided that the cylinder and / or rotary axes of the folding elements, in particular folding rollers, are aligned parallel to the deflection axis. Surprisingly, it has been shown that, thanks to the use of multiple folding elements in the forming device, a reliable, reproducible, and rapid forming of a web-shaped input material web into a formed material web with a V- or U-shaped cross-section along a particularly short extension in the longitudinal direction corresponding to the conveying direction is achievable with a low risk of breakage.

[0027] According to one embodiment of the system as described in the third aspect of the invention, the guide surface can be defined by at least one counter bearing corresponding to at least one folding means, such as folding rollers, in particular the second folding roller, and in particular by at least one counter bearing roller or a sliding surface. By means of at least one counter bearing roller, in particular several counter bearing rollers, and / or at least one sliding surface, in particular several sliding surfaces, wherein in particular counter bearing rollers and sliding surfaces can be provided alternately in the conveying direction, a reliable counter bearing can be realized on the guide surface for supporting the bottom of the pocket and, optionally, objects that can be inserted or placed into the receiving cavity, such as shipping items.In a counter-bearing system comprising counter-bearing rollers and sliding surfaces, it can be provided that, in the case of counter-bearing rollers and sliding surfaces arranged one behind the other in the conveying direction, at least one counter-bearing roller is slightly raised relative to the at least one adjacent sliding surface, wherein, in particular, the plane tangentially adjacent to the counter-bearing roller, and especially to several immediately adjacent counter-bearing rollers, lies at a distance from the sliding surface. This distance can be dimensioned such that, during conveying, the bottom of the pocket rests against the counter-bearing roller(s) and is conveyed with low friction, with the at least one additional sliding surface available for support, depending on the load. This distance is in the range of 1 mm to 3 mm and is typically 1.5 mm.

[0028] In a further embodiment of the system according to the third aspect of the invention, a third folding means, in particular a third folding roller, is arranged between the guide surface and the first folding means, such as the first folding roller. Optionally, a third and, if necessary, further folding means can be arranged in the conveying direction and / or in the direction orthogonal to the guide surface between the first and the second folding means.

[0029] According to one embodiment of the system as described in the third aspect of the invention, the forming device comprises at least one folding roll, preferably two or three folding rolls. The at least one folding roll, in particular the two or three folding rolls, each comprise two rolling discs spaced apart in the roll axial direction. A spacer may be provided between the rolling discs. The V- or U-shape of the formed material web can be predetermined by the spacing of the rolling discs of the at least one folding roll in the roll axial direction. In particular, the transverse width of the pocket base can be determined by the spacing of the rolling discs of a folding roll in the roll axial direction.

[0030] Preferably, the folding rollers are interchangeable and / or adjustable. This makes it possible to easily and quickly adapt the system to a different material or to a different material of the web-like starting material. It is also possible to easily and quickly adapt the web to a desired V- or U-shape. A material web formed with a V-shaped cross-section has one, preferably exactly one, groove created by one, and in particular exactly one, folding roller, along which a disc-shaped rolling disc preferably runs. Regardless of the number of grooves, it can be advantageous to use rolling discs that run along the groove and mechanically shape the groove during the forming process in such a way that the forming process is facilitated and simplified, requiring less force.

[0031] According to a further development of the system, the center-to-center distance between the deflection axis and the roller axis of the first folding roller, preferably in the direction parallel to the guide surface, is at least 10 mm, particularly at least 120 mm, and / or not more than 300 mm, particularly not more than 220 mm, preferably about 168 mm. The deflection means can optionally have a smaller outer diameter than the first folding roller. It has been shown that with such a center-to-center distance, a significant transformation of a web-shaped input material into a material web with a V- or U-shaped cross-section can be achieved along a short distance in the conveying direction.

[0032] In an embodiment of the system according to the third aspect of the invention, the turning distance between a material web contact area of ​​the first folding means, in particular the first folding roller, preferably its outer circumference, facing the guide surface, and a deflection contact area of ​​the deflecting means, in particular the deflecting roller, facing away from the guide surface, measures at least 10 mm, in particular at least 40 mm, and / or not more than 300 mm, in particular not more than 80 mm, preferably about 70 mm. It may be preferred that the turning distance is determined in the direction perpendicular to the guide surface.

[0033] In one embodiment of the system, the forming length from the deflection point, in particular the deflection roller, to the second folding element, in particular the roller axis of the second folding roller, preferably to a feeding opening, is not greater than 120 cm. In particular, the forming length is not greater than 100 cm, preferably not greater than 80 cm. Alternatively or additionally, it is provided that the forming length is not greater than twice the initial width of the web-shaped input material, in particular not greater than 1.5 times the initial width.

[0034] According to one embodiment of the system for forming a web-shaped input material into packaging bags, which can be implemented, for example, according to the first, second, or third aspect, the forming device comprises at least a pair of guide elements, such as guide rods, positioned opposite each other in the web width direction for guiding the web-shaped input material along a path that tapers in the conveying direction. The pair of guide elements can, for example, be configured to form an initially flat, web-shaped input material by bending or folding at least one wing extending along a first (for example, right in the conveying direction) or second (for example, left in the conveying direction) longitudinal edge onto the other wing. The pair of guide elements can define the conveying path of the web-shaped input material.The means determining the material web are arranged to the right or left of the conveying direction, and optionally upstream and / or downstream relative to the folding means. Preferably, the folding means, together with the pair of guide means, causes a deformation of an initially flat, web-like extension. Other guide means can have a plurality of individual rollers, thereby reducing friction in the conveying direction.

[0035] According to a fourth aspect of the invention, which can be combined with the first and / or the other aspects, a system for converting a web-shaped input material into packaging bags is provided, comprising a feed device, a forming device, and a deflection device. The deflection device, for example, a deflection roller, is designed and configured to guide the web-shaped input material from the feed device along the deflection device to the forming device. According to the second aspect of the invention, the system includes a clamping device, such as a support roller. The clamping device defines a clamping axis that is aligned in the web width direction.The clamping device can be brought into contact with the web-shaped input material or is in contact with it in order to force the web-shaped input material into a deflection movement transverse to the conveying direction and transverse to the web width direction, particularly under the influence of force, whereby the web-shaped input material is subjected to a predetermined tension or clamping force so that it is always taut between the infeed device and the conveying device and does not sag. The clamping device is arranged in the conveying direction between the infeed device and the forming device. In particular, the clamping device is arranged between the infeed device and the deflector, especially the deflection roller. Preferably, the clamping device is designed to perform a compensating movement in the vertical direction upwards and / or downwards.

[0036] According to a preferred embodiment of the fourth aspect of the invention, the clamping device is pre-tensioned. The pre-tension forces the clamping device to move in a compensating manner. Preferably, the pre-tension force is directed against a force acting on the clamping device by the web-shaped starting material. In particular, the clamping device is pre-tensioned by a mechanical spring. Alternatively or additionally, the clamping device has a clamping mass. The clamping mass can force the clamping device vertically downwards in the direction of gravity. Preferably, the clamping device is free of compressed air. By avoiding a compressed air actuator, for example, a pneumatic piston, the energy and space requirements of the system can be minimized.

[0037] In one embodiment of the fourth aspect of the invention, the clamping device is movably mounted on the infeed device. The clamping device is generally movably mounted transversely to the conveying direction. In particular, the clamping device can be movably mounted in the vertical direction. Preferably, the clamping device is movably mounted transversely to the conveying direction with a vertical movement component, for example, along an incline or an arc. The infeed device can, for example, have a linear guide in which the clamping device is held. Alternatively, the infeed device can have one or more pivotable guides that pivotably hold the clamping device on the infeed device. Alternatively, the clamping device is pivotably mounted on the frame of the system.

[0038] A further embodiment of the fourth aspect of the invention provides that the clamping device includes at least one position sensor, such as a contact sensor. The feed device is preferably designed and configured to apply a feed rate to the web-shaped input material depending on the position sensor, with the feed device switching a drive on or off depending on a threshold value detection, such as the detection of an input position. When the drive is in an active state, it drives the feed device to draw the web-shaped input material from the material web supply. In the inactive state of the drive, it does not actuate the feed device. In this way, it can be ensured that sufficient input material is always available for continuous and rapid operation of the system. At the same time, material jams and material breaks are avoided.As an alternative to the aforementioned two-point control method, other control methods are also conceivable. For example, a three-point controller can, in addition to the (first) active and inactive states, switch a (second active) operating state of the drive with a conveying speed that is faster or slower than the conveying speed of the (first) active state. Alternatively or additionally, the clamping device can be designed as a continuous controller, for example with a displacement sensor or angle sensor for continuously detecting the actual position of the clamping device.

[0039] Alternatively or additionally, one embodiment of the system includes a force sensor, in particular for measuring an absolute force acting upon it. A component of the detected force relates to the tension force of the web-shaped input material under preload. The force sensor can be arranged on a bearing and / or support of the deflection and / or the feed device or at another suitable location within the system. The force sensor, as well as the drive and / or feed device, are part of a drive control loop. Preferably, the drive control loop is designed and configured to maintain the preload of the web-shaped input material at a predefined level at all times, in particular regardless of the operation of the conveying device. The drive control loop is preferably designed and configured to ensure a smooth start-up of the conveying device drive when a conveying movement begins.In particular, the drive control loop is designed and configured to gradually increase the conveying speed of the web material. Alternatively or additionally, the drive control loop is designed and configured to gently and gradually reduce the conveying speed to a standstill during a shutdown process. Such a system configuration with a drive control loop can be implemented without a clamping device.

[0040] According to a fifth and / or sixth aspect of the invention, which can be combined with the other aspects, a system for converting a web-like starting material into packaging bags is provided, comprising a feed device, a forming device, and a deflection device. The deflection device, for example a deflection roller, is designed and configured to guide the web-like starting material from the feed device along the deflection device to the forming device.

[0041] According to the fifth or sixth aspect of the invention, the feeding device comprises at least one creasing element for introducing at least one longitudinal groove, in particular at least one longitudinal center groove, preferably two or three longitudinal center grooves, into the web-like starting material. Preferably, the at least one creasing element is matched to a folding means, in particular at least one, preferably first, folding roller. Advantageously, the system can be equipped with at least one creasing element designed to introduce one or more grooves in the longitudinal direction of the web-like starting material, preferably paper or cardboard, or consisting thereof, in order to improve the forming process of the web-like starting material along the longitudinal grooves by the folding means. Preferably, the introduction of the at least one longitudinal groove is carried out in accordance with DE 10 2020 114 211 A1.

[0042] According to the fifth aspect of the invention, the at least one creasing element comprises a stationary knife, preferably Teflon-coated, or at least one rotatably mounted creasing disc. Such a creasing element allows grooves to be reliably cut into the web-shaped starting material with a low risk of tearing.

[0043] According to the sixth aspect of the invention, the at least one grooving element is spring-loaded and / or mounted without compressed air. By pre-tensioning the grooving element, preferably by means of at least one mechanical spring and / or without a pneumatic actuator, the required forming force can be optimally adjusted to ensure a fast and reliable forming effect by the system.

[0044] According to one embodiment of a spring-loaded and / or pneumatically supported grooving element, this element presses at least one grooving element against a grooving counter-bearing, such as a counter-bearing roller. The grooving counter-bearing is preferably implemented separately from a driven and / or driven feed roller of the feed device.

[0045] One embodiment of the system for converting a web-shaped input material into packaging bags according to at least one of aspects one to six further comprises a conveying device for conveying the web-shaped input material formed in the forming device, wherein the conveying device includes a pair of cooperating conveying rollers for gripping at least one longitudinal edge of the material web with a V- or U-shaped cross-section. It may be preferred that the cooperating conveying rollers have an ideally cylindrical and / or smooth outer circumferential surface.

[0046] In a further development of the system with a conveying device, it is provided that the conveying rollers comprise a first conveying roller which has at least one convex circumferential embossing projection and a second conveying roller with at least one embossing recess which is complementary to the embossing projection.

[0047] According to an alternative or additional embodiment of the system with a conveying device, the conveying rollers perform a longitudinal seal. The conveying rollers are designed and configured to press two opposing wings of the material web with a V- or U-shaped cross-section against each other with a sealing pressure of at least 0.5 bar, in particular at least 1 bar, preferably at least 1.5 bar, in order to form a longitudinal strip that defines the packaging pocket. The sealing pressure can be adjusted to the adhesive used. A sealing pressure of 1 bar corresponds to a bonding force of 10 Newtons per square centimeter acting on the packaging pocket.

[0048] The conveying rollers are optionally designed with a friction-fit outer surface to ensure reliable material conveying. For this purpose, the outer surface can be profiled. This profiling can be in the form of ribbing or knurling. Alternatively, the outer surface can be smooth and / or rubberized. The conveying rollers themselves preferably rotate in pairs in opposite directions, with the two opposing wings of the material web being guided between them, thus sealing them. Furthermore, the conveying rollers pull the web-shaped input material through the upstream forming device, with the drive for the conveying rollers optionally also driving the forming process.It may be provided that, during and / or as a result of the conveying of the web-shaped input material by the rollers of the conveying device, the feed device is activated as a reaction, in particular in such a way that material is fed from the material supply and / or that the tension of the web-shaped input material is always ensured.

[0049] It may be preferable for the conveyor rollers to be equipped with only one drive. Both conveyor rollers can be coupled to each other via a gearbox. Alternatively, only one of the two conveyor rollers is driven, while the other rotates freely as a support and joining roller. In a further variant, the driven conveyor roller can be designed as a friction-fit conveyor roller, in particular having a profile and / or rubber coating on its outer surface, and conveying the material web via this outer surface.

[0050] Another embodiment of the system for converting a web-shaped input material into packaging bags according to at least one of aspects one to six, which can be combined with the previous one, further comprises a loading device. The loading device has a loading opening through which shipping items or goods can be inserted into the receiving cavity of the formed material web.

[0051] According to a further development of a system with a feeding device, the feeding device comprises two guides adjacent to the feeding opening and positioned transversely to the conveying direction for opposing vanes, in particular longitudinal edges, of the material web with a V- or U-shaped cross-section. The guides can be implemented, for example, by guide surfaces, guide rollers, and / or guide cylinders. The guides are arranged upstream in the conveying direction and / or in the area of ​​the feeding opening, in particular at the level of the feeding opening.

[0052] In a preferred further development of the system with feeding device, at least one pair of guide rollers is connected, in particular by friction, to a drive, in particular a conveying drive of the conveying device.

[0053] According to another embodiment, the system for converting a web-shaped starting material into packaging bags according to at least one of aspects one to six, which can be combined with the previous one, further comprises at least one sealing device for sealing at least one transverse strip and / or one longitudinal strip of the transformed web-shaped starting material and / or a separating device for separating a packaging bag from the starting material web along a transverse strip.

[0054] Preferred embodiments are given in the dependent claims.

[0055] Further properties, features and advantages of the invention will be clarified below by describing preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying exemplary drawings, which show: Fig. 1a a side view of a first embodiment of a system for forming a web-shaped starting material into shipping bags; Fig. 1b a side view of a second embodiment of a system for forming a web-shaped input material into shipping bags; Fig. 2 a perspective view of a second embodiment of a system for forming a web-shaped input material into shipping bags; Fig. 3 a detailed view of a deflection; Fig. 3a a system for transforming a web-shaped starting material with a different deflection variant; Fig. 3b a system for transforming a web-shaped input material with a different deflection variant; Fig. 3c a system for forming a web-shaped starting material with a further deflection variant; Fig. 4 a detailed view of a forming device in the conveying direction; Fig. 5 a detailed view of the forming device according to Fig. 4 perpendicular to the direction of conveyance; Fig. 6 a side view of a third embodiment of a system for forming a web-shaped input material into shipping bags; Fig. 7 a perspective view of the system according to Fig. 6; Fig. 8 a side view of a feed device with groove elements; Fig. 9 a detailed view of a feeding device in the feeding direction; Fig. 10 a detailed view of the loading device according to Fig. 9 perpendicular to the direction of conveyance, Fig. 11 a sectional view of a feeding device in the feeding direction; Fig. 12 a detailed view of a conveyor device; Fig. 13 a perspective view of a separating and sealing device; Fig. 14 a schematic representation of a feeding device with a measuring device; Fig. 15 a perspective view of a feeding device with an optical sensor; Fig. 16 a perspective view of a feeding device with a labeler and a light grid; Fig. 17 a side view perspective view of a shipping bag; Fig. 18 a perspective view of the shipping bag according to Fig. 17; and Fig. 19 a view of the shipping bag according to Fig. 17 with a view from the outside of the bag bottom

[0056] To simplify readability, the following description of preferred embodiments of the various aspects of the invention that can be realized individually or combined uses the same or similar reference numerals for the same or similar components of different embodiments of systems for converting a web-shaped starting material into packaging bags. Those skilled in the art will understand that, although the embodiments of a system described below may embody several aspects of the invention that can be combined with one another, the various aspects can each be realized individually or in any combination.

[0057] A system according to the invention for converting a web-shaped input material, which defines a web longitudinal direction and extends between two longitudinal directions opposite in the web width direction, in particular a web-shaped input material made of paper or cardboard, into packaging bags, is generally designated with the reference numeral 100 or 200. The various embodiments of systems according to the invention, which are designated with the reference numeral 100 on the one hand and with the reference numeral 200 on the other, differ essentially only in the position of the various system components relative to each other and the resulting conveying path for the input material.

[0058] The web-shaped starting material 1 is preferably made of or consists of cardboard or paper. In addition to cardboard or paper, the starting material 1 may include an adhesive or the like for sealing the packaging bags 11 to be formed. An example of a packaging bag 11 that can be produced with the system according to the invention is shown in the Fig. 17-19 illustrated.

[0059] As in Fig. 1a and Fig. 1b or Fig. As shown in Figure 2, the web-shaped starting material 1 for system 100 (or 200) can be provided as a material web supply 2, for example, in the form of a supply roll. The material web supply 2 is preferably arranged near the ground so that even heavy, large material web supplies 2 can be used without cranes or similar lifting aids. Instead, for example, a mobile support frame 20 can be used for a material web supply 2, as shown in Figure 2. Fig. 2. The support frame 20 itself can be mechanically coupled to the system 100, for example, attached, to ensure optimized alignment of the web-shaped input material 1 relative to the feed device 110 / 210. The web-shaped input material 1, wound into the material web supply 2, has a web width direction B. The extent of the input material 1 in the web width direction B corresponds to the cylinder height of the coil-shaped material web supply 2. The opposing circular base surfaces of the coil-shaped and cylindrical material web supply 2 are formed by the opposing longitudinal edges 6 of the input material web 1. To form the coil-shaped material web supply 2, the input material web 1 is wound in the direction of its longitudinal web direction L.

[0060] System 100 and, if applicable, the support frame 20 stand on a surface, such as a hall floor, which extends essentially horizontally. A vertical direction V extends orthogonally on this surface and / or in the direction of gravity.

[0061] To process the web-shaped input material 1 into a multitude of packaging bags 11 using the system 100, the material web 1 is guided through the system 100 with its longitudinal direction L according to a conveying direction F, and is pulled through, thereby being unwound from the roll-shaped material web supply 2. Within the various components of the system 100, the local conveying direction F, along which the web-shaped material 1 is moved, can be variable with respect to the vertical direction V as well as with respect to a horizontal direction.

[0062] The conveying path of material track 1 through system 100 according to the in Fig. 1a and Fig. 1b or Fig. 2 exemplary versions shown, as well as by the system 200 according to the in Fig. 6 and Fig. The exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 7 generally proceeds (in successive order according to the following list of system components) from a material web supply 2 through a feed device 110 / 210, along a clamping device, such as a support roller 115 / 215, to a deflection, such as a deflection roller 120 / 220, and then to a forming device 130 / 230 and a subsequent feeding device 150 / 250, as well as further with a conveying device 170 / 270 and a sealing device 180 / 280, and finally a cutting device 190 / 290.

[0063] In the exemplary embodiments shown here, the web-shaped starting material 1 extends from the material web supply 2 to the deflection roller 120 / 220 in the web width direction B, essentially flat, particularly in a horizontal direction. At the deflection roller 120 / 220, the starting material web undergoes a turn. Starting from the deflection, the web-shaped starting material 1 is formed in the forming device 130 / 230 into a material web with a V- or U-shaped cross-section and a receiving cavity 9 extending in the web longitudinal direction L. The receiving cavity 9 is bounded on one side by a pocket base 7 and on both sides by wings 8 projecting transversely to the conveying direction F and / or the web longitudinal direction L. From the forming device 130 / 230, the material web 5 with a V- or U-shaped cross-section is transferred to the feeding device 150 / 250.The loading device 150 / 250 has a loading opening 151 / 251 opposite the pocket base 7, through which shipping items 21 can be inserted into the receiving cavity 9. The conveying device 170 / 270 pulls the V- or U-shaped material web 5, containing at least one shipping item 21, from the loading device 150 / 250 in the conveying direction F. A sealing device 180 / 280 introduces transverse strips 15 and longitudinal strips 16 into the V- or U-shaped material web 5 to form packaging pockets 11. The transverse strip 15 and the longitudinal strip 16 can be introduced by different components and / or mechanisms of the sealing device 180 / 280. The separating device 190 / 290 separates packaging pockets 11 containing at least one shipping item 21 from the material web 1.The sealing device 180 / 280 can be formed at least partially in functional union with the conveying device 170 / 270 and / or the separating device 190 / 290.

[0064] To pull the material web 5 in the conveying direction F, the conveying device 170 / 270 has conveying rollers 171 and 172 / 271 and 272, which are arranged opposite each other and rotate in opposite directions. Between the conveying rollers 171 and 172 / 271 and 272, the spaced-apart wings 8 of the material web, with a V- or U-shaped cross-section, are inserted at the inlet. During the conveying process, the wings 8 are moved further towards each other. The wings 8 can be pressed together between the conveying rollers 171 and 172 / 271 and 272 during conveying, thereby sealing the edge area of ​​the wings 8 between the conveying rollers 171 and 172 / 271 and 272 to form the longitudinal strips 16. When inserting the longitudinal strip 16, the receiving cavity 9 can be closed immediately, transverse to the longitudinal direction L of the track.The at least one shipping item 21 is then enclosed on three sides of the material web, namely on the side of the pocket base 7, on the side of the sealing produced by the conveyor rollers 171 and 172 / 271 and 272 in the form of the longitudinal strips 16 in the web longitudinal direction L and on the side of the end face of the material web by the sealing device 180 / 280.

[0065] In an alternative embodiment, sealing rollers (not shown in detail) are provided as a pair of rollers, arranged opposite each other and positioned upstream of the conveying rollers 171 and 172 / 271 and 272 in the conveying direction F. Each of the sealing rollers is rotatably mounted, with at least one of the bearings being movably arranged by means of force application and relative to the other sealing roller.

[0066] According to a first embodiment, the sealing device 180 / 280 is positioned upstream of the separating device 190 / 290 in the conveying direction F. In terms of process, the sealing device 180 / 280 first closes the material web at its still open side, so that the at least one shipping item 21 is now completely enveloped and enclosed by the material of the web. The closing and sealing is advantageously carried out by means of and between two jaws, which extend over the entire width of the packaging bag 11 and thus transversely to the longitudinal direction L of the web. At least one of the jaws is slidably driven by a motor such that the at least one motor-driven jaw exerts a force of 1 bar or 10 newtons per square centimeter on the material web from the outside, thereby sealing and forming the transverse strip 15.The packaging bag 11 is then formed and surrounds the shipping item.

[0067] Subsequently, individual packaging bags 11 can be separated from the material web and thus singulated in a further process step using the separating device 190 / 290. Alternatively, the separation and singulation of the packaging bag 11 can also be carried out in the process sequence described above, provided that the sealing is carried out in the final process step, for example, as described above. For this purpose, it may be advantageous if at least one slidably driven jaw fixes the separated shipping bag 11 by means of a counter jaw and the sealing or the generation of the transverse strip 15 takes place directly in conjunction with the separation and singulation from the material web. However, it is and remains essential in these embodiments and process sequences that the sealing device 180 / 280 is at least partially functionally combined with the separating device 190 / 290.

[0068] Fig. Figure 1a shows a side view of a first embodiment of the system 100 for converting the web-shaped starting material 1, which is made of paper or cardboard in particular, into packaging bags 11. A feed device 110 pulls the web-shaped starting material 1 from the material web supply 2. The feed device 110 is arranged vertically V above the material web supply 2.

[0069] Downstream of the infeed device 110, the web-shaped input material 1, which may have been formed into a grooved material web 3 in the infeed device 110 by means of a grooving element 105, is guided along a support roller 115. The support roller 115 can be referred to as a float roller or dancer roller. The support roller 115 is attached to the system 100, in the embodiment according to Fig. 1a is mounted on the infeed device 110, movably transverse to the conveying direction F. The support roller 115 is held movable to perform an evasive movement a relative to the infeed device 110 and / or a deflection 120. As shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 1a, the deflection movement a can be aligned in the vertical direction V. Preferably, the support roller incorporates a tensioning element. It holds the web-shaped input material 1, or optionally the grooved material web, taut to a predetermined degree between the feed device 110 and the conveying device 170.

[0070] The support roller 115 can, for example, be pre-tensioned downwards in the vertical direction V by a mass, in particular its own weight. Alternatively or additionally, the support roller 115 can be spring-tensioned to perform a deflection movement a. The support roller 115 is preferably designed without a pneumatic actuator. Contrary to the pre-tension of the support roller 115, the tension force of the web-shaped input material 1 acts as a result of a tensile force acting on the input material web 1 in the conveying direction F by a conveying device 170. With the aid of the support roller, discontinuities between a conveying speed when the web-shaped input material web 1 is pulled from the material web supply 2 on the one hand and a conveying speed at the conveying device 170 and / or the separating device 190 on the other hand can be compensated for.By shifting the support roller 115 in the direction of the compensating movement a, the conveying path from the infeed device 110 to the feed device 150 is lengthened, so that a buffer quantity of web-shaped input material 1 can be maintained along the conveying path. From the infeed device 110, the conveying path of the input material web runs in an S-shape with two turns, first a slight turn at the support roller 115 and then a sharp turn at the deflection roller 120, to the forming device 130.

[0071] In the upstream section of the forming device 130, a deflection element, which in the exemplary embodiment shown here is implemented as a deflection roller 120, is arranged. The web-shaped input material 1 is supported along the deflection axis U against the deflection roller 120 before being conveyed through the forming device 130. The deflection roller 120 extends in the direction of the deflection axis U over more than the output width b of the input material web 1.

[0072] Fig. Figure 3 shows a deflection with a deflection roller 120 and an optional retaining belt 125. The web-shaped starting material 1 is guided along a circumferential contact area 121. The circumferential contact area 121 extends in the Fig. 3 illustrated exemplary versions accordingly Fig. 1a and Fig. 1b over more than 90° around the outer circumference of the deflection pulley 120. The retaining belt 125 is in contact with part of the circumferential contact area 121. The retaining belt 125 prevents the web-shaped input material 1 from lifting off the deflection pulley 120, which could otherwise lead to material jams or material tears. The retaining belt 125 can serve as a threading aid when a new web of material is fed into the machine. If the retaining belt rests against the deflection pulley with slight tension, this can be sufficient to hold the newly threaded web of material between the deflection pulley 120 and the belt 125. This prevents the input material from being pulled back by gravity or by the dancer roller. Preferably, the belt deflection pulleys 126, especially the driven one, have a freewheel that does not impede the conveying movement of the input material 1 as it moves in the conveying direction F.It may be preferable that a freewheel is integrated only in the driven belt deflection pulley and that the other belt deflection pulleys are freely rotatable.

[0073] Preferably, one of the belt deflection rollers 126 is driven. The belt roller drive serves as a setup aid. With the aid of the belt roller drive, the belt 125, and thus the material web, can be gradually advanced at a slower speed by the setup operator at the push of a button. This allows the operator to concentrate fully on threading the new input material through the forming unit 130 and the conveying device 170 to the cutting unit 190. Once the machine is set up, the freewheel engages and the belt runs loosely – but remains under tension in contact with the web-shaped input material 1.

[0074] At the in Fig. In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the retaining belt 125 is guided along three belt deflection pulleys 126, 127, of which, for example, one belt deflection pulley 126 can be driven and one belt deflection pulley 127 can be movably mounted to maintain belt tension. The driven belt pulley 126 can provide a driving force for conveying the input material web 1. Optionally, the belt pulley 126 is equipped with a freewheel, which is arranged between the drive motor and the retaining belt 125 itself. This facilitates the commissioning of the system 100, 200 or when a new material web 5 is fed into the system 100, 200. A second belt deflection pulley 128 is arranged horizontally next to the upstream, driven belt deflection pulley 126. The deflection pulley 120 is positioned centrally between these belt deflection pulleys 126, 128, slightly offset downwards in the vertical direction V.The downstream belt deflection pulley 127 is positioned vertically below the pulley 128 located above it in the vertical direction V. The deflection axis U of the deflection pulley 120 is located between the two belt deflection pulleys 127 and 128 in the vertical direction V. The retaining belt 125 extends significantly shorter than the deflection pulley 120 in the direction of the deflection axis U. A curved guide plate 123 is arranged between the downstream belt deflection pulley 127 and the deflection pulley 128. The small, arcuate guide plate 123 directs the material web towards the forming roller 131.

[0075] The deflection, implemented here as a deflection roller 120, is arranged vertically above the forming device 130 in the vertical direction V. The deflection roller 120 is also arranged above the feed device 110, which is located above the material web supply 2. In the embodiment according to Fig. 1a, Fig. 1b or Fig. 2 the uppermost component of the system 100. The arrangement of the deflection between the feed device 110 and the forming device 130 allows for a compact design in the horizontal direction, so that the system 100 can be set up in a logistics hall with a small footprint.

[0076] Fig. Figures 3a to 3c show systems 100, which, as above, have respect to the Fig. 1 to 3 are described and differ essentially only in the shape and guidance of the respective retaining strap 125.

[0077] At the in Fig. In the embodiment shown in 3a, the retaining belt 125 is guided along three belt deflection pulleys 126, 127, 128. A difference from the previous one regarding Fig. The variant described in section 3 can be seen in the arrangement of the downstream belt deflection pulley 127. This variant does not have a guide plate. Instead, the downstream belt deflection pulley 127 is arranged relative to the second belt deflection pulley 128, perpendicular to the conveying direction F and closer to the conveying path F of the material web.

[0078] At the in Fig. In the embodiment shown in 3b, a guide device 200 with an upper guide element 220 and a lower guide element 210 extends to an entrance area 139 of the forming device 130. The guide elements 210, 220 are formed as rigid guide plates 211, 221 and end in the immediate vicinity of the outer circumference of the deflecting roller 120.

[0079] The guide elements 211, 221 define a channel 201 through which the material web is conveyed. The channel height is less than 5 cm, in particular less than 2.5 cm, preferably less than 1 cm and / or at least 5 mm. In one embodiment in Fig. 1b and Fig. 3b The distance between the guide elements 211, 221 decreases, and thus the channel height of the channel 201 from the feed device 110 in the conveying direction F to the deflection roller 120 decreases continuously. Therefore, the lower guide plate 211 and the upper guide plate 221 have different slopes with respect to the horizontal direction. The slope of the upper guide plate 221 is less than that of the lower guide plate 211. This provides sufficient space for the dancer 115. In another embodiment, which is not shown in detail, the guide elements 211, 221 are spaced apart by the channel height and aligned parallel to each other. In this embodiment, the lower guide plate 211 and the upper guide plate 221 thus have the same slope with respect to the horizontal direction.

[0080] At the in Fig. In the embodiment shown in 3c, the retaining belt 125 is guided along four belt deflection pulleys 126, 127, 128, 129. The belt 125 receives the material web very early, in the area of ​​the belt deflection pulley 126 driven by the belt, and guides it to the deflection 120. The belt 125 guides the material web along the circumferential surface of the deflection pulley 120.

[0081] In the area from the feeder outlet to the deflection roller 120, a guide plate extends below the path of the material web. A channel-like guide for the material web is defined between the belt 125 and the guide plate, which gradually narrows. In the area of ​​the vertically movable support roller 115, a wide clearance is thus provided between the guide plate and the belt 125 running from the driven roller 126 to the deflection roller 120, within which the dancer 115 can move. This is also advantageous if a leading section of the material web is deformed, for example bent, and must be "captured" by the belt 125.

[0082] Three of the four belt deflection pulleys 127, 128, 129 are like the previous ones with regard to Fig. 3a described as belt deflection pulleys arranged, wherein in the design according to Fig. 3c none of these rollers is driven. The alternative belt guide has two belt deflection rollers 128 and 129 in the upper area, which are arranged horizontally offset from each other on opposite sides of the deflection roller 120. According to an alternative (not shown), instead of the two horizontally offset belt deflection rollers 128, 129, only a single belt deflection roller with a sufficiently large diameter to bypass the deflection roller 120 could be provided.

[0083] A forming device 130 is described below with reference to the Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is described in detail. Starting from the deflection point, the input material web 1 is conveyed downwards in the conveying direction F corresponding to the vertical direction V into and through the forming device 130. The longitudinal edges 6 of the material web can essentially remain in the plane defined by the deflection point, which extends from the deflection point to the conveying device 170. The central area of ​​the material web is formed by folding means, implemented here as folding rollers 131, 132 and 133, into a pocket base 7 of a material web 5 with a V- or U-shaped cross-section, which is framed on both sides by wings 8 that extend to the longitudinal edges 6.

[0084] The forming device 130 comprises a first folding roll 131, the roll axis W of which is aligned parallel to the deflection axis U and offset from the deflection axis U. In the conveying direction F, an axial distance X is provided between the roll axis W of the first folding roll 131 and the deflection axis U. Transversely to the conveying direction F, a reversal distance Y extends between the deflection axis U and the roll axis W of the first folding roll 131. A second folding roll 132 and, optionally, a third folding roll 133 arranged between the first folding roll 131 and the second folding roll 132 define the path of the pocket base 7 through the forming device 130. The roll axis W of the second folding roll 132 is arranged significantly further away from the deflection axis U in the conveying direction F through the forming device 130 than the axial distance X, preferably by a factor of 2 to 5.Transverse to the conveying direction F (in the feeding direction E), the second folding roll 132 is further relative to the first folding roll 131 and to the deflection axis U by the reversing distance Y, but not more than 100%, only about 10% - 50%. The roll axes W of the folding rolls 131, 132 and, if applicable, 133 are parallel to each other.

[0085] The folding rolls 131, 132 and 133 are formed by a pair of rolling discs 135, between which a spacer 134 is arranged. The distance between the rolling discs 135 relative to each other in the direction of the roll axis W, defined by the spacer 134, can correspond to the distance between the creasing discs 107, 207 of a creasing element 105 upstream of the forming device.

[0086] The forming device 130 has a guide surface 140, which is realized section by section by counter-bearing rollers 142, 143 assigned to the folding rollers 131, 132, 133. The V- or U-shaped formed material web 5, in particular the pocket base 7, can be guided along the guide surface 140. Preferably, the guide surface 140 extends parallel to the plane defined by the deflection and the conveying device. In the embodiment of the system 100 according to the Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 in an essentially vertical plane.

[0087] The Fig. 6 and Fig. Figure 7 shows various views of another embodiment of a system 200 for forming a web-shaped input material into packaging bags. In this system 200 as well, the deflection roller 220, which implements the deflection, is arranged vertically V in the uppermost area of ​​the system 200. However, unlike the systems 100 described above, the conveying direction F in the forming device 230, as well as at the outlet of the infeed device 210, is essentially horizontal. From the infeed device 210, the conveying path of the input material web runs in an S-shape with a sharp lower turn at the support roller 215 and then a gentler upper turn at the deflection roller 120, to the forming device 230. The infeed device 210 is described below with reference to Fig. 8 described in detail.

[0088] The arrangement of the guide surface 240 and its arrangement in relation to the folding rollers 231, 232 and 233 as well as the deflection roller 220 is essentially the same as described above with regard to the Fig. 4 and Fig. 5. The guide surface 240 extends through both the deflection device 230 and the feeding device 250. Several sections of the guide surface 240 and counter-bearing rollers 241, 242, 243 and 245 arranged therein form a section surface for the outside of the material web 5 in the area of ​​the pocket base 7.

[0089] Inside the forming device 230, a pair of opposing guide rods 236 are provided, the transverse spacing of which decreases in the conveying direction F. Transverse to the conveying direction F, the guide rods 236 are arranged on both sides of the folding rolls 231, 232, and 233. In the conveying direction F, the guide rods 236 extend essentially from the deflecting roller 220 to the feeding device 250. The outer surfaces of the vanes 8 can be guided along the guide rods 236 to form the V- or U-shaped formed material web 5. The counter-bearing rollers 241, 242, and 243 are arranged in the area of ​​the forming device 230 and can each be assigned to a folding roll 231, 232, and 233, respectively. The counter-bearing rollers 245 are arranged in the area of ​​the feeding device 250 opposite the feeding opening 251. The guide surface 240 extends into the Fig. 6 and the illustrated implementation of the system 200 essentially in a horizontal plane.

[0090] The feeding device 250 is arranged downstream of the forming device 230. The feeding device 250 has a feeding opening 251 fully enclosed by a solid frame 255. The interior 259 of the feeding device 250 extends behind the frame 255 in the feeding direction E. In the conveying direction F, the feeding opening 251 has a clear length f, which determines the maximum length of a shippable item. The feeding direction E, through which (not shown) shippable items can be inserted through the feeding opening 251 of the feeding device, extends perpendicular to the conveying direction F and the plane defined by the guide surface 240.

[0091] Downstream of the feeding device 250, a conveying device 270 is arranged, which can grip the longitudinal edges 6 of the material web 5 and convey it in the conveying direction F. Downstream of the conveying device 270, a sealing and separating device 280 / 290 is provided for forming and singulating packaging bags 11 from the web-shaped input material 1.

[0092] Fig. Figure 8 shows a side view of a feeding device 210. The feeding device 210 differs from the feeding device 110 essentially only in the orientation of its conveying direction F at the inlet and outlet of the feeding device. The feeding device 210 comprises a pair of conveying rollers 211 and 212, between which the web-shaped input material web (in Fig. (8 not shown in detail) is conveyable. The lower conveyor roller 211 is provided with a drive device which drives the conveyor roller 211. The upper conveyor roller 212 rolls on the lower conveyor roller 211 and follows the movement of the lower conveyor roller 211.

[0093] The infeed device 210 comprises a creasing element 205. In the preferred embodiment shown here, the creasing element 205 is arranged upstream of the feed roller pair 211, 212. The creasing element 205 comprises two creasing discs 207, 208 axially offset from one another. The creasing discs 207, 208 are spring-loaded by a compression spring 209 and mounted on a cantilever 216. It is conceivable that the creasing discs 207, 208 are held rigidly against rotation. Preferably, the creasing discs 207, 208 are mounted so as to be rotatable. The creasing discs 207, 208 roll on the counter-bearing roller 206. The compression spring 209 presses the creasing discs against the counter-bearing roller 206. The web-shaped input material (in Fig. (8 not shown in detail) is conveyed by the infeed device 210 along the creasing element 205, which introduces longitudinal grooves into the web-shaped starting material 1, so that it is formed into a creasing web material 3'. Downstream of the infeed device 210 in the forming device 230, the folding means cause the web-shaped material 1 to fold, preferably along the longitudinal grooves introduced by the creasing element 205, in order to form the material web 5 with a V- or U-shaped cross-section.

[0094] The Fig. 9 and Fig. Figure 10 shows a loading device 150. With the exception of the orientation of the guide surface 140, the loading device 150 of system 100 essentially corresponds to the loading device 250 of system 200. The counter-bearing rollers 145 are arranged in the area of ​​the loading device 150 in the loading direction E opposite the loading opening 151. The counter-bearing rollers 145 limit the depth in the loading direction E to which a shipping item (not shown in detail) can be inserted. The loading direction E is in the Fig. 9 and Fig. The version shown in 10 is oriented in the horizontal direction.

[0095] In the conveying direction F, the feed opening 151 has a clear length f. Transverse to the conveying direction F, the feed opening 151 has a clear width q. The clear length f and the clear width q of the feed opening 151 are defined by a frame 155 that completely surrounds the feed opening 151. Transverse to the conveying direction F, the feed opening 151 is bounded by opposing guide plates 156. The guide plate 156 has a rounded bend 156 in the area of ​​the feed opening 151, so that shipping items can be easily fed along the guide plate 156 into the feed opening 151 and into a receiving cavity 9 behind it for a V- or U-shaped material web 5 (see figure). Fig. 1) can slide in. Behind the frame 155 inside 159 of the feeding device 150, the guide plates 156 realize guide plates 144 for guiding the vanes 8 in the conveying direction F on their inner surfaces, which define the receiving cavity 9. Further guide plates 146 can be provided on their outer surfaces for guiding the vanes 8 in the conveying direction F.

[0096] The clear length f and / or the clear width q can be adjusted. The frame 155 thus occupies an adjustable opening dimension. The clear length f or the clear width q limits the maximum dimensions of the inserted shipping item 21. Corresponding to the opening dimension, the maximum size of the packaging bag 11 can be derived according to a predetermined price group of a parcel carrier. The clear length f and / or the clear width q can optionally be adapted to shipping items 21 with different dimensions, whereby the dimensions of the packaging bag 11 in particular can be varied accordingly.

[0097] Fig. Figure 11 shows a sectional view through the feeding device 150 via a section plane behind the frame 155. The wings 8 or longitudinal edges 6 of the V- or U-shaped material web 5 in the area of ​​the feeding device 150 are in Fig. Figure 11 is shown with dashed lines. The guidance of the right and left wings 8 between the respective guide plates 144 and 146 is clearly visible in the section plane. The guide plates 144 and 146 form a funnel-shaped inlet section 153, which serves to reliably feed the V- or U-shaped material web 5 from the forming device into the feeding device 150.

[0098] Downstream of the feed opening, the outer guide plates 146 form a funnel-shaped transfer section 154 for feeding the longitudinal edges 6 of the material web 5 into the contact area of ​​two mutually rotating feed rollers 171, 172. The feed rollers 171, 172 constitute a conveying device 170, which draws the material web 5 through the forming device 130. Preferably, the feed rollers 171, 172 have cooperating cylindrical outer circumferential surfaces. The feed rollers 171, 172 can apply high tensile stresses to the material web 5 to effect the forming of a flat initial material web into a formed material web along a particularly short drop through the forming device 130. Fig. Figure 12 shows an optional embodiment of a pair of conveyor rollers 171, 172, which forms a sealing device 180. A first conveyor roller 171 has a full-circumference annular projection 173, which rolls in a corresponding full-circumference annular groove 174 of the second conveyor roller 172. The sealing device 180 formed by the pair of conveyor rollers provides the material web 5 with a longitudinal strip 16 to form a packaging pocket 11. Optionally, a cold-seal adhesive can be applied to the material web 5 on the inside of the receiving cavity 9, at least in the area of ​​the longitudinal strips 16 and the transverse strips 15.

[0099] Fig. Figure 13 schematically shows the sealing and separating device 180 / 190. The V- or U-shaped web of material five is conveyed in the conveying direction F by the conveying device 170 to and through the separating and sealing device 180 / 190. The sealing device 180 comprises a pair of jaws opposite each other transversely to the conveying direction F, which can be pressed against each other to form a transverse strip 15 sealing a packaging pocket 11. The separating device 190 comprises at least one cutting edge, in particular scissor- or guillotine-like, or alternatively a plurality of cutting-like teeth for separating a packaging pocket 11 from the web-shaped starting material 1.At least one jaw of the sealing device 180 can be equipped with a cutting edge of the separating device 190, so that during a pressing process of the jaws against each other, the packaging bag 11 is simultaneously sealed along a transverse strip 15 and the packaging bag 11 is separated from the material web 5.

[0100] Fig. Figure 14 shows a schematic representation of a feeding device 150 with a measuring device with an optical sensor in the form of a camera 158. Fig. Figure 15 shows a perspective view of a feeding device 150 with a camera 158, which can serve as an optical sensor of a position sensor and / or a measuring device. The camera 158 is to be understood as an exemplary sensor within the scope of this disclosure.

[0101] The camera 158 is mounted on the frame of the feeding device 150. To prevent a collision between the shipping items 21 and the camera 158, the camera 158 is positioned upstream of the feeding opening 151. The camera 158 is oriented essentially in the direction of the conveying direction F towards the feeding opening 151. The camera 158's viewing direction is such that it looks into the receiving cavity of a material web extending in the area of ​​the feeding device 150.

[0102] It may be preferred that the camera 158 captures an image area which includes a reference area along an inner edge of the loading opening 151, in particular along the guide plate 144, the guide plate 156 or the bend 157. If the camera 158 forms part of a position sensor, the system 100 detects any possible covering of the reference area by an object, such as a body part of a user and / or a shipping item, in order to prevent movement of one or more components of the system 100.

[0103] In the schematic representation, camera 158 captures Fig. 14 a reference plane defined by the sealing device 180. The predetermined distance c between the reference plane and the shipping item 21, resulting from deformations of the material web 5, can be known in advance or determined using the measuring device. The distance c can, for example, correspond to a known taper of the material web in the transfer area 154. The camera 158 detects the distance from a trailing edge of the shipping item 21 in the conveying direction F to the reference plane. The measuring device can thus determine the piece length s. L of the shipped item. The measuring device can also measure other piece dimensions, such as the piece width. B perpendicular to the conveying direction F and the piece height s H determine in the feed direction E.

[0104] A measurement cycle can be initiated by a computer, such as a PLC, a computing unit, or similar central machine control unit, which transmits a signal to the sensor (here: camera 158) designated for length measurement. The sensor then detects the shipping item 21. For example, camera 158 can capture an image and subdivide it into multiple image sections, such as a 5x8 array. The potentially varying distances of each of these image sections to the reference plane are determined and transmitted back to the computer. The computer then calculates the maximum value of these varying distances. The distance c between the shipping item 21 and the front end of the shipping bag 11 to be formed, as well as a potentially corresponding second distance along the trail of the shipping item 21, can be predefined for the computer.The computer can then determine a feed rate along which the conveying device 170 conveys the material web from the feeding device 150 through the sealing and / or cutting device 180 and / or 190, and which determines the overall dimension of the packaging bag 11 to be formed in the longitudinal direction L of the web. The overall dimension can, if necessary, be compared by the computer with at least one minimum and / or maximum threshold value in order to detect any shipping items 21 with an impermissible length.

[0105] Alternatively, a piece dimension, such as a piece height sH of a shipping item 21, in particular of a particularly narrow shipping item 21, can be determined by a preferably optical sensor of the measuring device based on the reflection behavior on an inside (or outside) of the material web 5 in the area of ​​the feed opening 151.

[0106] Fig. Figure 16 shows a perspective view of the loading device 150. A light curtain 149 of a safety sensor extends along the loading opening 151. This light curtain is designed to detect when a user inserts a body part, in particular a hand or arm, into or through the loading opening 151 into the interior 159 of the loading device 150. The light curtain 149 covers substantially the entire area within the frame 155 spanned by the loading opening 151. If the light curtain 149 detects a collision with a user or an object, the safety sensor causes at least one or more components of the system 100 to be deactivated in order to prevent injury to the user. System 100 also includes a marking device 160, which is shown here by way of example inside 159 of the feeding device 150. The marking device 160 includes a driver 161 for pressing a marking carrier, for example an adhesive label, against an outer surface of the material web 5 in the area of ​​the feeding device 150. System 100 may include a scanner or the like to identify the shipping items 21 fed into the feeding device 150 and to cause the marking device 160 to provide a corresponding label for the packaging bag 11 of the identified shipping item 21.

[0107] Fig. Figure 17 shows a side view of a shipping bag or packaging bag 11. The packaging bag 11 is sealed by transverse strips 15 and, opposite the bag base, by a longitudinal strip 16. Inside the packaging bag 11 is a shipping item 21, shown with dashed lines. The shipping item 21 can have a length of s. L and a piece height s H exhibit. The length of the packaging bag 11 corresponds to the sum of the piece lengths s. L , the predetermined distance c and the second distance d. The Fig. 18 and Fig. 19 show other views of the in Fig. 17 shown packaging bag 11.

[0108] The features disclosed in the foregoing description, figures and claims can be important for the realization of the invention in its various embodiments, both individually and in any combination. Reference symbol list 1. web-shaped starting material 2 Material web stock 3 grooved material web 5 Material web with U-shaped cross-section 6 Longitudinal edge 7 Pocket Ground 8 wings 9 Receiving cavity 11 Packaging bag 15 horizontal stripes 16 longitudinal stripes 21 shipping items 100, 200 system 105, 205 groove element 106, 206 Counter bearing roller 107, 108, 207, 208 Grooved disc 109, 209 Compression spring 110, 210 feed device 111, 211 driven conveyor roller 112, 212 moving conveyor roller 115, 215 Dancers (carrying roll, loose roll) 116, 216 outriggers 120, 220 pulley 123 Guide plate 125 retaining straps 126, 127, 128, 129 Belt pulleys 130, 230 forming device 131, 132, 133, 231, 232, 233 Folding roller 135, 235 rolling disc 136, 236 Command Staff 139 Entrance area 140, 240 guide surface 141, 241 Counter bearing roller 142, 242 Counter bearing roller 145, 245 Counter bearing roller 146, 246 Guide plate 149 light grids 150, 250 loading device 151, 251 Loading opening 153 Introductory section 154 Transfer section 155, 255 frame 156, 256 Guide plate 157, 257 bend 158, 258 camera 159, 259 Inside 160, 260 Marking device 161, 261 carrier 170, 270 Conveyor device 171, 172, 271, 272 Conveyor roller 173 ring lead 174 Ring groove 180, 280 Sealing device 190, 290 separating device 200 guide system Channel 201 210, 211 lower guide element 220, 221 upper guide element a evasive movement b Starting width c distance d second distance e Reference plane f clear length g Total length l forming length q clear length s B piece width s L piece length s H Unit height L Longitudinal direction of the railway B Lane width direction E Feed direction F Conveyor direction U deflection axis V Vertical direction W roller axle X-axis distance Y turnover distance QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 10 2020 114 211 A1 [0002, 0041] US 9,725,194 B2

[0004] GB 1,067,166

[0005] Cited non-patent literature

[0000] DIN EN ISO 1924-2

[0009] DIN EN ISO 1924-3

[0009] DIN EN ISO 2758

[0009]

Claims

[1] System (100, 200) for converting a web-shaped input material (1) defining a web longitudinal direction (L) and extending between two longitudinal edges (6) opposite each other in the web width direction (B), in particular made of paper or cardboard, into packaging bags (11), comprising: a feed device (110, 210) for drawing off the web-shaped starting material (1), a forming device (130, 230) for continuously forming the web-shaped starting material (1) into a material web (5) with a V- or U-shaped cross-section and a receiving cavity (9) extending in the longitudinal direction (L) of the web, wherein the forming device (130, 230) comprises at least one folding means, such as a folding roller (131, 132, 133), which is capable of being brought into contact with the web of material (1) transversely to the web longitudinal direction (L), in particular centrally, preferably in the web width direction (B), between the opposing longitudinal edges (6), in order to introduce two wings (8) projecting from a pocket base (7) into the web-shaped starting material (1), preferably in the web width direction (B), wherein the system comprises a deflection, such as a deflection roller (120, 220), for guiding the web-shaped input material (1) from the feed device (110, 210) along the deflection to the forming device (130, 230), characterized by , that the deflection, in particular the deflection roller (120, 220), can be brought into contact with the web-shaped starting material in a circumferential contact area of ​​at least 10°, in particular at least 45°, preferably at least 60°, particularly preferably at least 90°. [2] System (100, 200) according to claim 1, characterized by that the deflection comprises at least one retaining strap (125) which, with respect to a deflection axis (U) defined by the deflection, can be brought into contact radially on the outside with the web-shaped starting material (1), wherein the retaining strap (125) can be applied to the web-shaped starting material (1) at least in a part, in particular in at least a large part, of the circumferential contact area. [3] System (100, 200) for converting a web-shaped starting material (1) defining a web longitudinal direction (L) and extending between two longitudinal edges (6) opposite each other in the web width direction (B), in particular made of paper or cardboard, into packaging bags (11), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, comprising: a feed device (110, 210) for drawing off the web-shaped starting material (1), a forming device (130, 230) for continuously forming the web-shaped starting material (1) into a material web (5) with a V- or U-shaped cross-section and a receiving cavity (9) extending in the longitudinal direction (L) of the web, wherein the forming device (130, 230) comprises at least one folding means, such as a folding roller (131, 132, 133), which is used to introduce two wings (8) projecting from a pocket base (7) into the web-shaped starting material (1) transversely to the web longitudinal direction (L), in particular in the middle, preferably in the web width direction (B), between the opposite longitudinal edges (6), in contact with the material web, wherein the system comprises a deflection, such as a deflection roller (120, 220), for guiding the web-shaped input material (1) from the feed device (110, 210) along the deflection to the forming device (130, 230), characterized by , that the deflection is arranged in relation to a vertical direction (V) above the forming device (130, 230) and / or the deflection specifies at least one turn of the web-shaped starting material between the feed device (110, 220) and the forming device (130, 230). [4] System according to claim 3, characterized by , that the deflection relative to the vertical direction (V) is arranged above the feed device (110, 210) and / or a material web supply (2). [5] System according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by , that the web-shaped starting material (1) is guided in the forming device (130) with a conveying direction (F) which is oriented downwards in relation to a vertical direction (V). [6] System (100, 200) for converting a web-shaped starting material (1) defining a web longitudinal direction (L) and extending between two longitudinal edges (6) opposite each other in the web width direction (B), in particular made of paper or cardboard, into packaging bags (11), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, comprising: a feed device (110, 210) for drawing off the web-shaped starting material (1), a forming device (130, 230) for continuously forming the web-shaped starting material (1) into a material web (5) with a V- or U-shaped cross-section with a receiving cavity (9) extending in the longitudinal direction (L) of the web, wherein the forming device (130, 230) comprises at least one folding means, such as a folding roller (131, 132, 133), which is capable of bringing into contact with the web of material (1) transversely to the longitudinal direction (L), in particular centrally, preferably in the width direction (B), between the opposing longitudinal edges (6), in order to introduce two wings (8) projecting from a pocket base (7) into the web-shaped starting material (1). wherein the system comprises a deflection, such as a deflection roller (120, 220), for guiding the web-shaped input material (1) from the feed device (110, 210) along the deflection to the forming device (130, 230), characterized by , that The forming device (130, 230) comprises at least two folding means arranged one behind the other in the conveying direction (F), such as slide rail sections, rigid sliding discs, mandrels or folding rollers (131, 132, 133, 231, 232, 233), wherein the forming device (130, 230) and / or a feeding device (150, 250) defines a guide surface (140, 240) for the pocket base (7), and wherein a deflection axis (U) defined by the deflection, in particular the deflection roller (120, 220), is oriented transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the conveying direction (F) along the guide surface (140, 240) and / or is arranged offset from the guide surface (140, 240), wherein at least one first folding means, such as a first folding roller (131, 231), is positioned between the guide surface (140, 240) and the deflection axis (U). [7] System according to claim 6, characterized by, that the guide surface (140, 240) is defined by a counter bearing corresponding to at least one folding means, such as folding rollers (131, 132, 133, 231, 232, 233), in particular at least one counter bearing roller or a sliding surface. [8] System according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by , that a third folding means, such as a third folding roller (133, 233), is arranged between the guide surface (140, 240) and the first folding means, such as the first folding roller (131, 231). [9] System according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized by , that the forming device comprises at least one folding roll (131, 132, 133), preferably two or three folding rolls, wherein in particular the at least one folding roll (131, 132, 133) comprises two rolling disks (135) spaced apart in the roll axial direction (W). [10] System according to claim 9, characterized by, that the axis distance (X) between the deflection axis (U) and the roller axis (W) of the first folding roller (131) measures at least 10 mm, in particular at least 120 mm, and / or not more than 300 mm, in particular not more than 220 mm, preferably about 168 mm. [11] System according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized by , that a changeover distance (Y) between a material web contact area of ​​the first folding means, in particular the first folding roller (131), facing the guide surface (140, 240) and a deflection contact area of ​​the deflecting means, in particular the deflecting roller (120), facing away from the guide surface (140, 240), measures at least 10 mm, in particular at least 40 mm, and / or not more than 300 mm, in particular not more than 80 mm, preferably about 70 mm. [12] System according to any one of claims 6 to 11, characterized by, that a forming length from the deflection, in particular the deflection roller (120, 220) to the second folding means, in particular the roller axis (W) of the second folding roller (132, 232), preferably to a feed opening (151, 251), is not greater than 120 cm, in particular not greater than 100 cm, preferably not greater than 80 cm, and / or not greater than twice the output width (b) of the web-shaped input material web (1), in particular not greater than 1.5 times the output width (b). [13] System according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the forming device (130, 230) comprises at least one pair of guide means opposite each other in the web width direction (B), such as guide bars (236), for guiding the web-shaped input material (1) along a path that tapers in the conveying direction (F). [14] System (100, 200) for converting a web-shaped starting material (1) defining a web longitudinal direction (L) and extending between two longitudinal edges (6) opposite each other in the web width direction (B), in particular made of paper or cardboard, into packaging bags (11), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, comprising: a feed device (110, 210) for drawing off the web-shaped starting material (1), a forming device (130, 230) for continuously forming the web-shaped starting material (1) into a material web (5) with a V- or U-shaped cross-section and a receiving cavity (9) extending in the longitudinal direction (L) of the web, wherein the forming device (130, 230) comprises at least one folding means, such as a folding roller (131, 132, 133), which is capable of being brought into contact with the web of material (1) transversely to the longitudinal direction (L), in particular centrally, preferably in the width direction (B), between the opposing longitudinal edges (6), in order to introduce two wings (8) projecting from a pocket base (7) into the web-shaped starting material (1). wherein the system comprises a deflection, such as a deflection roller (120, 220), for guiding the web-shaped input material (1) from the feed device (110, 210) along the deflection to the forming device (130, 230), characterized by , that, The system (100, 200) comprises a clamping device, such as a support roller (115, 215), which defines a clamping device axis that is aligned in the web width direction (B), wherein the clamping device can be brought into contact with the web-shaped starting material (1) along the clamping device axis in order to force the web-shaped starting material (1) to a deflection movement (a) transverse to the conveying direction (F) and transverse to the web width direction (B), wherein the clamping device is arranged in the conveying direction (F) between the feed device (110, 210) and the forming device (130, 230), in particular between the feed device (110, 210) and the deflector, in particular the deflection roller (120, 220). [15] System according to claim 14, characterized by that the clamping device is pre-tensioned, in particular by a mechanical spring, and / or has a clamping mass, wherein the clamping device is preferably free of compressed air. [16] System according to claim 14 or 15, characterized by, that the clamping device is movably mounted on the insertion device (110, 210), in particular in the vertical direction (V). [17] System according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized by that the clamping device includes at least one position sensor, such as a contact transmitter, and the feed device (110, 210) is designed and configured to apply a feed rate to the web-shaped input material depending on the position sensor, wherein in particular the feed device (110, 210) switches a drive on or off depending on a threshold value detection, such as the detection of an initial position. [18] System (100, 200) for converting a web-shaped starting material (1) defining a web longitudinal direction (L) and extending between two longitudinal edges (6) opposite each other in the web width direction (B), in particular made of paper or cardboard, into packaging bags (11), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, comprising: a feed device (110, 210) for drawing off the web-shaped starting material (1), a forming device (130, 230) for continuously forming the web-shaped starting material (1) into a material web (5) with a V- or U-shaped cross-section and a receiving cavity (9) extending in the longitudinal direction (L) of the web, wherein the forming device (130, 230) comprises at least one folding means, such as a folding roller (131, 132, 133), which is capable of being brought into contact with the web of material (1) transversely to the longitudinal direction (L), in particular centrally, preferably in the width direction (B), between the opposing longitudinal edges (6), in order to introduce two wings (8) projecting from a pocket base (7) into the web-shaped starting material (1). wherein the system comprises a deflection, such as a deflection roller (120, 220), for guiding the web-shaped input material (1) from the feed device (110, 210) along the deflection to the forming device (130, 230), characterized by , that the feed device (110, 210) comprises at least one grooving element (105, 205) for introducing at least one longitudinal groove, in particular at least one longitudinal center groove, preferably two or three longitudinal center grooves, into the web-shaped starting material (1), and that the at least one grooving element (105, 205) comprises a stationary knife, preferably Teflon-coated, or at least one rotatably mounted grooving disc (107, 108, 207, 208). [19] System (100, 200) for converting a web-shaped starting material (1) which defines a web longitudinal direction (L) and extends between two longitudinal edges (6) opposite each other in the web width direction (B), in particular made of paper or cardboard, into packaging bags (11) in particular according to one of the preceding claims, comprising: a feed device (110, 210) for drawing off the web-shaped starting material (1), a forming device (130, 230) for continuously forming the web-shaped starting material (1) into a material web (5) with a V- or U-shaped cross-section and a receiving cavity (9) extending in the longitudinal direction (L) of the web, wherein the forming device (130, 230) comprises at least one folding means, such as a folding roller (131, 132, 133), which is used to introduce two wings (8) projecting from a pocket base (7) into the web-shaped starting material (1) transversely to the web longitudinal direction (L), in particular centrally, preferably in the web width direction (B), between the opposite longitudinal edges (6), can be brought into contact with the material web, wherein the system comprises a deflection, such as a deflection roller (120, 220), for guiding the web-shaped input material (1) from the feed device (110, 210) along the deflection to the forming device (130, 230), characterized by , that the feed device (110, 210) comprises at least one grooving element (105, 205) for introducing at least one longitudinal groove, in particular at least one longitudinal center groove, preferably two or three longitudinal center grooves, into the web-shaped starting material (1), and that the at least one grooving element (105, 205) is spring-loaded and / or mounted without compressed air. [20] System according to claim 19, characterized by , that the at least one groove element (105, 205) presses against a groove counter bearing, such as a counter bearing roller (106, 206), wherein the groove counter bearing is preferably realized separately from a driven and / or a driven feed roller (111, 112, 211, 212) of the feed device. [21] System according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by, that the system further comprises a conveying device (170, 270) for conveying the web-shaped starting material (1) formed in the forming device (130, 230), wherein the conveying device (170, 270) comprises a pair of cooperating conveying rollers (171, 172, 271, 272) for gripping at least one longitudinal edge (6) of the material web (5) with a V- or U-shaped cross-section. [22] System according to claim 21, characterized by , that the conveying rollers (171, 172, 271, 272) comprise a first conveying roller (171, 271) with at least one convex circumferential embossing projection (173, 273) and a second conveying roller (172, 272) with at least one embossing recess that is complementary to the embossing projection (173, 273). [23] System according to claim 21 or 22, characterized by, that the conveying rollers (171, 172, 271, 272) realize a longitudinal seal and are designed and equipped to press two opposing wings (8) of the material web (5) with a V- or U-shaped cross-section against each other with a sealing pressure of at least 0.5 bar, in particular at least 1 bar, preferably at least 1.5 bar, in order to form a longitudinal strip (16) bounding the packaging pocket (11). [24] System according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the system further comprises a loading device (150, 250) with a loading opening (151, 152) through which shipping goods (21) can be inserted into the receiving cavity (9). [25] System according to claim 24, characterized by, that the feeding device (150, 250) comprises two guides adjacent to the feeding opening (151, 251) and opposite each other transversely to the conveying direction (F) for opposing wings (8), in particular longitudinal edges (6), of the material web (5) with a V- or U-shaped cross-section, such as guide plates (144, 146, 244, 246), guide rollers and / or guide cylinders, wherein the guides are arranged upstream in the conveying direction (F) and / or in the area of ​​the feeding opening (151, 251). [26] System according to claim 24 or 25, characterized by , that the guide comprises at least one pair of guide rollers which is designed and configured to introduce at least one longitudinal groove, in particular a longitudinal edge groove, into one of the wings (8), in particular at its longitudinal edge (6). [27] System according to claim 26, characterized by, that at least one pair of guide rollers is connected, in particular by friction, to a drive, in particular a conveying drive .(175, 275) of the conveying device (170, 270). [28] System according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the system further comprises at least a sealing device (180, 280) for sealing at least one transverse strip (15) and / or one longitudinal strip (16) of the formed web-shaped starting material (1) and / or a separating device (190, 290) for separating a packaging pocket (11) from the starting material web (1) along a transverse strip (15).

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