Roof structure and buildings with roof structure

Abstract

Roof construction, especially for a freestanding roof, for example bus shelters or carports, characterized by a (leak-proof) basin having a frame (10) with an angle profile, and in which a profiled sheet (21), in particular a corrugated sheet, with channels (22) and webs (23) is arranged, wherein at least one outer edge of the profiled sheet (21) has a distance (d) to an adjacent inner edge of the frame (10) so that water circulation between at least some of the channels is possible, and a preferably rigid membrane element (30) which is arranged on the profile plate (21), in particular on at least some of the webs, such that the basin is divided into a functional area, in particular a planting area (40), and a storage space (20), wherein the storage space (20) is bounded from below by the profile plate (21) and the frame (10), laterally by the frame (10) and upwards by the membrane element (30).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a roof structure, in particular for a freestanding canopy, for example a bus shelter or carport. Furthermore, the invention relates to a building with a roof structure.

[0002] Green roofs for detached buildings, such as bus shelters or carports, are becoming increasingly common for various reasons. Firstly, they enhance the visual appearance of such buildings. Secondly, given the increasing sealing of natural surfaces, for example through building construction and road construction, such green roofs create new habitats for plants and animals, thus making an important contribution to ecological balance. Finally, green roofs can also have a protective effect on the roof below, shielding it from UV radiation and precipitation.

[0003] Extensive green roofs are becoming increasingly popular due to their low maintenance requirements. An extensive green roof typically consists of the following layers: The bottom layer is a protective layer that seals the existing roof against water and root penetration. On top of this protective layer is a drainage layer that allows water to run off, preventing waterlogging. Above the drainage layer, a planting substrate is spread, forming a layer that is usually several centimeters thick. Finally, low-growing plants, particularly mosses, ground cover, and perennials, are planted in this substrate layer. This planting layer forms the top layer of the green roof.

[0004] Constructing a conventional green roof system has several disadvantages. The various layers, particularly the substrate layer and the planting layer above it, result in considerable weight, which, in addition to the roof's own weight, burdens the building's supporting elements. To drain excess water, especially during rainfall, roof slopes are sometimes incorporated. Finally, the purchase price and construction effort of a green roof system can be relatively high, particularly due to the materials used.

[0005] Based on the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an improved roof structure, particularly for a freestanding roof. In particular, the roof structure should be suitable for green roofs. Furthermore, the roof structure should be comparatively lightweight and easy and cost-effective to manufacture.

[0006] This problem is solved by a roof construction according to claim 1.

[0007] In particular, the problem is solved by a roof structure with a (leak-proof) basin that has a frame with an angle profile and in which a profiled sheet, in particular a corrugated sheet, with channels and ribs is arranged. At least one outer edge of the profiled sheet is spaced from an adjacent inner edge of the frame, so that water circulation between at least some of the channels is possible. Furthermore, a preferably rigid membrane element is arranged on the profiled sheet such that the basin is divided into a functional area, in particular a planting area, and a storage space. The storage space is bounded from below by the profiled sheet and the frame, laterally by the frame, and above by the membrane element.

[0008] The functional area can be designed specifically as a planting area, for example for extensive roof greening. Alternatively or additionally, one or more photovoltaic modules can be installed in the functional area.

[0009] The roof structure can be designed for a freestanding shelter, such as a bus stop shelter or carport. The profiled sheet can be positioned on at least some of the ribs to allow water circulation.

[0010] In the context of this invention, a profiled sheet with channels and ribs can be understood to be, in particular, a component that has alternating rising and falling sections at regular intervals in a cross-section, or at least has raised and recessed sections. Common examples are corrugated sheet metal and trapezoidal sheet metal. In particular, such material can be available in large quantities on rolls and cut to length or size as needed.

[0011] The roof structure according to the invention can be used as a waterproof roof for a building without any additional elements. It is even possible to use the roof structure as a structural building element, for example, to hold the building's side walls together. Furthermore, the structure of the profiled panel and the angle profile of the frame ensure that the roof structure is self-supporting.

[0012] Furthermore, the roof structure offers good conditions for roof greening, as the storage space can absorb water or other aqueous nutrient solutions and the functional area can be used to form a planting layer, for example through extensive greening.

[0013] In one embodiment, the functional area of ​​the roof structure comprises a substrate layer and a planting layer, in particular an extensive green roof. The substrate layer is arranged above the membrane element and has a thickness of at least 1 cm, in particular 3 cm. The planting layer is arranged above the substrate layer.

[0014] A substrate layer of this thickness is well suited for extensive greening. The planting area, which comprises the substrate layer and the planting layer, is bounded from below by the membrane element and preferably at least partially laterally by the frame. This prevents the substrate and plants from unintentionally slipping or falling off.

[0015] In one embodiment, the frame of the roof structure consists of an alloy, for example, galvanized stainless steel, stainless steel, or plastic. A frame height of 10 cm to 50 cm, particularly 10 cm to 20 cm, and especially 13 cm, is preferred. It is possible to form the frame from several frame sections with L-profiles, for example, four L-profile strips arranged in a rectangle and welded together.

[0016] Another embodiment provides that the frame of the roof structure has mounting points for detachable fasteners. These could be, for example, screw holes for screws with metric threads. These can be used to detach the roof structure to a building. This allows the roof structure to be dismantled for maintenance work, such as to carry out work on vegetation growing on the roof structure, without having to do so on the building roof.

[0017] The frame of the roof structure serves, among other things, to stiffen and support the profiled sheet. Preferably, the frame has a material thickness that is significantly greater than the material thickness of the profiled sheet.

[0018] In another embodiment, the profile plate consists of a (galvanized) alloy, stainless steel, or plastic. A preferred height is at least 4 cm, and a preferred material thickness is at least 0.5 mm, particularly between 0.5 mm and 3 mm, and especially 1 mm. A galvanized alloy is particularly stable and protected against corrosion by the galvanizing.

[0019] In another embodiment, the webs of the profile plate can be closed laterally (waterproof), in particular by means of closure caps.

[0020] In a further embodiment of the invention, a (rigid) welded connection exists between the frame of the roof structure and the profiled panel and / or a sealing element. The sealing element can, for example, be a sealing strip, preferably manufactured using liquid plastic, particularly with the embedding of a special fleece. In particular, a sealing element for sealing an edge can be manufactured as follows: First, a first layer of liquid plastic is applied to the area surrounding the edge. Then, a strip of a suitable special fleece is positioned so that it completely covers the edge and a certain area surrounding the edge, and pressed down. Finally, a second layer of liquid plastic is generously applied to the special fleece so that it is completely embedded between the first and second layers of liquid plastic.Once the liquid plastic has hardened, the edge is completely sealed.

[0021] In one embodiment, the membrane element comprises a perforated plate and / or a grid, which is made in particular of a (galvanized) alloy, stainless steel, or plastic. A preferred material thickness is at least 0.5 mm, particularly 1–2 mm.

[0022] In one embodiment, the frame has at least one opening for adjusting the water level in the storage space. The water level can thus be set to a height that essentially corresponds to the height difference between the lowest opening and the lowest point of the frame.

[0023] The at least one opening primarily serves as an overflow protection feature: for example, during heavy rainfall, it prevents waterlogging in the storage space, which can lead to root rot in plants. Conversely, the storage space can be filled with water from the outside through the opening to create a favorable growing environment for the plants.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, a frame comprises a first and a second opening on opposite side panels of the frame, the first opening being no higher than the second opening. In this case, the first opening can serve as a water drain and the second opening as a water inlet. The water level then corresponds essentially to the distance of the first opening from the bottom edge of the side panel.

[0025] Preferably, the water outlet is connected to a rain barrel, sewer system, etc., and the water inlet is connected to a water supply. Particularly preferably, the openings have couplings for commercially available hose systems.

[0026] Alternatively, an opening in the frame can be provided by a spigot that is flanged to the frame base and covers a hole in the frame base through which water can drain. The water level then essentially corresponds to the height of the spigot.

[0027] In one embodiment, the height difference (dA) between the lowest opening and the lowest point of the frame deviates from the height (hP) of the profile plate by a maximum of 5 cm, i.e., |dA - hP| ≤ 5 cm. The lowest opening can therefore be located essentially at the same height as the highest web of the profile plate, or up to 5 cm above or below it.

[0028] For example, if dA - hP = 5 cm, the height of the lowest opening is 5 cm above the height of the highest ledge. In this way, a water level can be set at which the substrate layer is partially submerged.

[0029] In a further embodiment, a roof structure comprises several frames as described above, in particular frames with separate inlet and outlet openings. Preferably, an outlet opening of a first frame is connected to an inlet opening of a second frame, so that water exchange between the first and second frames is possible. Particularly preferably, a chain of all frames of the roof structure is formed in this way.

[0030] Furthermore, the task is solved by a building that has a roof with one of the roof structures described above. In particular, it can be a freestanding building, for example a bus shelter or a carport.

[0031] Similar advantages arise as those already described in connection with the roof construction according to the invention. In particular, the roof construction according to the invention can form a waterproof roof for the building and serve as a structural building element.

[0032] A method for manufacturing a roof structure, in particular for manufacturing a roof structure as described above, comprises the following steps: - Fastening, in particular screwing and / or welding, a profiled sheet, in particular corrugated sheet metal, in a frame made of angle profile; - Sealing a transition between the profile plate and the frame, in particular by means of a sealing strip, which is preferably made using liquid plastic, preferably with the embedding of a special fleece; - Creating at least one opening, in particular an inlet and / or outlet opening, within the frame.

[0033] A roof structure as described above is also suitable for the conversion of a building. In one embodiment, a method for converting a building may include the following steps: - (at least partial) removal of an initial roof structure; - Providing a second roof structure as described above, in particular with mounting points for detachable fasteners in the frame; - Attaching the second roof structure to elements of the building using detachable fasteners, in particular screws, using fastening receptacles within the framework of the second roof structure.

[0034] A water level control device, particularly for a roof structure as described above, has the following features: - a downpipe; and - a drain pipe which has a drain opening and is connected to the downpipe, so that water is drained through the drain opening into the downpipe.

[0035] The drain pipe is flexibly connected to the downpipe, in particular via a ball joint.

[0036] In this context, a downpipe can be understood as a pipe or pipe section suitable for roof drainage. The downpipe can be positioned arbitrarily and does not have to be installed vertically.

[0037] The water level control device can be arranged in a water basin so that the water level is maintained at a height corresponding to the height of the drain opening above the lowest point of the water basin. Excess water is then drained away through the drain opening, the drain pipe, and the downpipe. Preferably, the water level control device is arranged so that the connection between the downpipe and the drain pipe is located at the bottom of the water basin, allowing the basin to be completely emptied. The water basin can, in particular, be the storage space of a roof structure as described above.

[0038] A key feature of the described water level regulation device is that the drain pipe is flexibly connected to the downpipe. This allows the height of the drain opening (above ground level) and thus the water level in the basin to be adjusted.

[0039] In particular, the water level regulation device, in conjunction with the described roof construction, can be used as a water storage tank. During a storage phase, the drain pipe can be raised to fill the storage space with water, and during a drainage phase, the drain pipe can be lowered to empty the storage space (at least partially) via the downpipe.

[0040] Therefore, the embodiments of the roof construction described above also include a further embodiment in which the roof construction additionally features a water level control device as described above. In this embodiment, the water level control device is arranged in the basin such that the water level is maintained at a height that essentially corresponds to the height of the drain opening of the drain pipe above the lowest point of the basin.

[0041] In one embodiment of the water level control device, the downpipe has at least one overflow opening, which is arranged, in particular, laterally on the downpipe. This provides the water level control device with an additional outlet or emergency outlet that is independent of the setting of the downpipe.

[0042] Alternatively or additionally, the downpipe can have a cover element that is positioned on the downpipe in such a way that the cover element at least partially covers an upper opening of the downpipe. The cover element is spaced from the downpipe in such a way that an overflow opening is formed in the area of ​​the upper opening of the downpipe. In other words, an upper opening of the downpipe is used as an overflow opening, with the cover element at least partially covering the opening to reduce the ingress of foreign objects (e.g., leaves).

[0043] In one embodiment of the water level control device, it further comprises a drive device designed to move the drain pipe in such a way that the height of the drain opening (above a reference plane, e.g., the bottom plane of the water basin) changes.

[0044] Preferably, the water level control device further comprises a control unit configured to receive a control command for the drive device. The control command can be received, in particular, via a wireless connection, especially via Bluetooth, WLAN, and / or a cellular connection. In this embodiment, the water level control device can thus be remotely controlled, for example, via a corresponding application on a mobile device.

[0045] Further embodiments are described in the dependent claims.

[0046] The invention is described below with reference to exemplary embodiments, which are explained in more detail with reference to the figures. These show: Fig. 1. A roof structure as an exploded view Fig. 2 a part of the roof structure Fig. 1 in top view Fig. 3 a roof structure in cross-section Fig. 4. A cross-section of a roof structure with green roof. Fig. 5 a bus stop shelter with roof structure and planting area Fig. 6 a bus stop shelter with a roof structure with solar panels Fig. 7 a water level control device in side view Fig. 8a a water level control device according to a further embodiment in a first setting Fig. 8b a water level regulating device according to a further embodiment in a second setting Fig. 9 a roof structure with water level regulation device Fig. 10 an industrial building with roof construction according to a further embodiment.

[0047] In the following description, the same reference numbers are used for identical and equivalent parts.

[0048] To simplify the description of directions, the following is used for the Fig. Figures 1-5 define a coordinate system in which the x-axis is perpendicular to the webs of the respective profile plate shown, the y-axis is parallel to the webs of the respective profile plate shown, and the z-axis is perpendicular to the xy-plane. Therefore, in the following, the terms length, width, and height refer to corresponding segments of the x-, y-, and z-axes, respectively.

[0049] Fig. Figure 1 schematically shows the structure of a first embodiment of a roof construction according to the invention as an exploded view.

[0050] In the lowest level, a rectangular frame 10 with a surrounding angle profile can be seen. On opposite side faces of the frame 10, there is an inlet opening 11 and an outlet opening 12.

[0051] Furthermore, a profiled plate in the form of a trapezoidal sheet 21 is arranged in the frame 10. The trapezoidal sheet 21 has three webs 23 with a trapezoidal cross-section and four channels 22.

[0052] A perforated plate 30 is arranged above the trapezoidal sheet 21, completely covering the trapezoidal sheet 21. The perforated plate 30 rests on the webs 23 as well as on raised sections at the edges of the trapezoidal sheet 21 that do not form complete webs.

[0053] Fig. Figure 2 shows a second embodiment, similar to the first embodiment, in a top view, in which only the frame 10 and the trapezoidal sheet 21 are shown. Fig. Figure 2 shows that the length of the trapezoidal sheet 21 essentially corresponds to the length of the frame 10, while the width of the trapezoidal sheet 21 is less than the width of the frame 10. The trapezoidal sheet 21 is arranged in the frame 10 such that it is spaced d away from the two outer edges 13 and 13' of the frame 10 in the y-direction. According to the invention, this space d allows water to circulate between the channels 22, 22', 22'' and 22''' in two interior regions of the frame 10. Without this space d, the webs 23, 23' and 23'' as well as the outer edges 13 and 13' of the frame 10 could obstruct water circulation between the channels 22, 22', 22'' and 22'''.

[0054] To easily ensure a watertight connection between frame 10 and trapezoidal sheet 21, the distance d should not be greater than the frame depth tR (see figure). Fig. 3) be chosen. For example, the frame depth can be set to tR = 13 cm and equal to the frame height hR (see below). Fig. 3) can be selected, while the distance d = 8 cm.

[0055] In an (alternative) embodiment, such a distance d to the frame 10 is provided only on the side of the outer edge 13, while on the opposite side the trapezoidal sheet 21 is flush with the outer edge 13'. Water circulation between the channels 22, 22', 22'' and 22''' can also take place in this way.

[0056] Fig. Figure 3 shows a third embodiment of a roof construction according to the invention in a cross-sectional view. This view serves in particular to illustrate the heights (in the z-direction) of the various components and their arrangement relative to one another.

[0057] The angle profile of frame 10 appears in Fig. 3 in the form of two L-pieces. The frame height hR and frame depth tR correspond to the lengths of the vertical and horizontal legs of the L-pieces, respectively.

[0058] The trapezoidal sheet 21 extends essentially over the entire length (i.e., in the x-direction) of the frame 10. The two outer channels 22 and 22''' rest at least partially on the base of the frame 10 on both sides.

[0059] The webs 23, 23', 23'' of the trapezoidal sheet 21 are closed with cover caps 24, 24', 24''. This is part of the watertight connection between frame 10 and trapezoidal sheet 21 and prevents water from flowing through areas below the webs 23, 23', 23'' when, in the representation plane, the frame 10 is not directly adjacent to the side edge of the trapezoidal sheet 21 (see figure). Fig. 2).

[0060] The perforated plate 30 rests on the upper surfaces of the webs 23, 23', 23'' and is further supported at both ends (in the x-direction) by rising sections of the trapezoidal sheet 21 that do not form complete webs. In this way, the perforated plate 30 is supported by the trapezoidal sheet 21 and laterally fixed by the frame 10. The perforated plate 30 is located essentially at a height above the bottom of the frame 10 that corresponds to the height hP of the trapezoidal sheet.

[0061] Fig. Figure 4 shows a further development of the exemplary embodiment from Fig. Figure 3 is shown in the same manner, with the roof structure being used for extensive green roofing. The functional area is designed as planting area 40. The perforated plate 30 acts as a membrane element and forms the boundary between the storage space 20 and the planting area 40. The storage space 20 is bounded from below by the trapezoidal sheet 21 and the frame 10, laterally by the frame 10, and above by the (projecting) perforated plate 30.

[0062] The planting area 40 is bounded from below by the perforated plate 30 and laterally to approximately half its height by the frame 10. For the cultivation of an extensive green roof, the planting area 40 comprises a substrate layer 41 into which plants from the planting layer 42 are planted. The substrate layer 41 ends slightly below the frame 10, in particular at least 1 cm below it, to prevent the planting substrate from slipping or falling out of the roof structure.

[0063] The storage space 20 of the roof structure acts as a water reservoir for the planting layer 42. Through the watertight connection between frame 10 and trapezoidal sheet 21, the storage space 20 forms a leak-proof water basin.

[0064] According to the invention, the roof structure can accommodate a green roof whose water supply is maintained autonomously, i.e., solely by natural processes: In particular, rainwater can seep through the planting layer 42, the substrate layer 41, and the perforated plate 30 and collect in the storage space 20. From there, it is absorbed by the roots of the planting layer 42 or evaporates. Furthermore, the roof structure according to the invention makes it possible to control the water balance of the planting area 40 beyond the described natural processes. In particular, a relatively constant water level in the storage space 20 may be desirable in order to provide the plants of the planting layer 42 with the most consistent conditions possible. It may also be desirable to limit the water level to prevent waterlogging in the root zone of the planting layer 42 and thus prevent root rot.Furthermore, there may be a desire to fill the storage space 20 via an external water source without having to supply water from above (via the planting layer 42).

[0065] For this purpose, in the exemplary embodiment of Fig. On opposite side panels of the frame 10, the inlet opening 11 for connection to a water supply and the outlet opening 12 for connection to a drain or collection container, such as a rain barrel, are provided. The outlet opening 12 is located slightly lower than the inlet opening 11, but both are above the perforated plate 30, i.e., in the area of ​​the substrate layer 41. Thus, the outlet opening 12 is the lowest opening, located at a distance dA from the bottom of the frame. The storage chamber 20 is filled with water via the inlet opening 11. However, the water level in the storage chamber 20 never exceeds the height dA, even with further water input, for example, from precipitation, because the outlet opening 12 is located at this height above the bottom of the frame, through which the additional water flows into the drain or a collection container.

[0066] Fig. Figure 5 shows a roof structure according to the invention as described above, which is installed in a bus shelter 50. The roof structure fulfills several functions: On the one hand, the roof structure completely spans the interior space bounded by the pillars 51, 51', 51'', 51''' and forms a watertight roof for the building. On the other hand, the roof structure constitutes a structural element of the bus shelter 50, as it connects the pillars 51, 51', 51'', 51''' to the side walls and the rear wall. For this purpose, the frame 10 is detachably screwed to at least the pillars 51, 51', 51'', 51'''.

[0067] One side part of the frame 10 of the roof structure includes an inlet opening 11 and an outlet opening 12, through which, as already mentioned in connection with Fig. As described in section 4, a water level can be set to supply the planting layer 42. The inlet opening 11 is connected to a water supply (not shown) as needed to fill the storage space with water. Preferably, the inlet opening 11 includes a standard hose coupling. The outlet opening 12 leads into the downpipe 52, so that excess water, for example during heavy rainfall, is drained via the downpipe 52 into a nearby sewer (not shown).

[0068] As already mentioned in connection with Fig. As described in section 4, the roof construction according to the invention also enables a green roof with an autonomous water supply. In this respect, the features described in section 4 are also suitable. Fig. The inlet and outlet openings 11 and 12 shown in Figure 5 are not necessary and can be omitted entirely. Alternatively, they can be incorporated into the roof structure, but should not be permanently connected to a water supply or drainage system. In this case, the openings, which are only needed temporarily, are preferably covered by a removable cover.

[0069] The in Fig. The exemplary embodiment of a roof structure on a bus shelter 50 shown in Figure 5 can be further modified by having the roof of the bus shelter 50 comprise several roof structures according to the invention. Here, it is advantageous to connect the inlet and outlet openings to one another in such a way that there is a central water inlet and a central water outlet. Parts of the roof that are not covered or formed by a roof structure according to the invention can preferably comprise transparent roof elements to allow natural light to enter the interior of the building.

[0070] Fig. Figure 6 shows a bus stop shelter with a roof construction according to the invention, similar to the embodiment of the Fig. 5. Instead of one planting area, 40 (as in Fig. 5) Three solar modules 60 are arranged in the functional area of ​​the roof structure. Furthermore, the construction of the bus stop shelter 50 and the roof structure corresponds to the embodiment of the Fig. 5. The perforated plate 30 provides a stable platform for mounting the solar modules 60 and covers the water reservoir formed by the webs 23, 23', 23''. In one embodiment, it is also possible to omit the perforated plate 30, at least in sections, and to mount the solar modules 60 directly to the webs 23, 23', 23''.

[0071] The explanation of the roof construction on a bus shelter is purely exemplary. The construction can also be used, preferably, in conjunction with (large-area) (flat) roofs of halls. Parking garage roofs are also suitable for being equipped with the roof construction according to the invention.

[0072] Fig. Figure 7 shows a water level control device 100, which includes the downpipe 110 and the connected drainpipe 120 with a drain opening 121. The drainpipe 120 is pivotally mounted by the ball joint 115. A conical cover element 111 is arranged at the upper opening of the downpipe 110 such that it covers the upper opening of the downpipe 110. In this way, the ingress of foreign objects (e.g., leaves) into the downpipe 110 is prevented or reduced. The cover element 111 is positioned at a distance from the upper opening of the downpipe such that an overflow opening 112 is formed, through which water can enter the downpipe 110 and be discharged.

[0073] In Fig. Figure 8a shows a perspective view of a water level control device 100 according to a further embodiment. The water level control device 100 shown essentially corresponds to the device from Figure 8a. Fig. 7, additionally features a drive device 130. In the illustrated embodiment, the drive device comprises a rotatably mounted drive arm 131, which is arranged longitudinally parallel to the longitudinal direction of the drain pipe 120, and an electric motor (not shown) that drives the drive arm 131. In the embodiment shown Fig. In the illustration shown in 8a, the drain pipe 120 is in a horizontal position and runs along the drawn reference line B.

[0074] Fig. Figure 8b shows an exemplary embodiment of the Fig. 8a, where the drive arm 131 and the drain pipe 120 are in an upright position. The drain opening is now located at a height h above the reference line B. If the reference line B lies in the bottom plane of a water basin, the water level will be essentially at height h.

[0075] Fig. Figure 9 shows a roof structure in cross-sectional view according to a further embodiment. This embodiment is similar to the embodiment of the Fig. 4, where no drain opening 12 is provided in the frame for adjusting the water level (as in Fig. 4), but a water level control device 100 is provided, as for example in Fig. Figure 7 shows that in the position of the drainpipe shown, the water level reaches a height h.

[0076] In particular, the in Fig. The roof structure shown in Figure 9 is installed in a bus stop shelter (see example of the Fig. 5) Preferably, the downpipe 110 of the water level control device 100 is connected to the rain pipe 52 in order to achieve adjustable drainage of the roof into the sewer system.

[0077] Fig. Figure 10 shows an exploded view of an industrial building with a roof structure according to the invention. In the illustrated embodiment, the roof of the industrial building has a basin 70 lined with bitumen sheets to make it watertight. A water level control device 100 is arranged in each of the four corner regions of the roof. The water level control devices 100 can be controlled uniformly; that is, upon receiving a corresponding control command, all drain pipes of the water level control devices 100 are moved to the same height above the floor level of the basin 70 so that a water level of the corresponding height is established in the basin 70. The basin 70 and the multiple water level control devices 100 thus form an adjustable water reservoir on the roof of the industrial building, with the regulation being particularly efficient due to the multiple water level control devices.

[0078] In the trough 70 of the roof, as exemplified in connection with the Fig. As described in Figures 1-4, several trapezoidal sheet metal elements 21 are arranged, and a perforated plate 30 is placed on top of them. This forms a base surface for the functional area. In the illustrated embodiment, four solar modules 60 are mounted on the perforated plate 30 within the functional area. Alternatively or additionally, the functional area can include a planting area.

[0079] The preceding exemplary embodiments describe the roof construction of a bus stop shelter and an industrial building. However, the construction according to the invention can also be used in conjunction with garages or carports. In general, the described roof construction is suitable for any type of roof construction that extends essentially horizontally, e.g., flat roofs of residential buildings, (industrial) halls, canopies over walkways, etc. Slight slopes, e.g., up to 20 percent, can be compensated for by adapting the construction.

[0080] There are also various other options for attaching the roof structure to the building. The following are just a few examples. Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 a roof structure that stands on pillars 51, 51', 51'', 51'''. The roof structure can also be attached, for example, to T-shaped steel beams, columns, or another substructure, for example made of wood, steel or concrete.

[0081] The water level control device 100 is also suitable for use in other areas, such as on the roofs of halls or parking garages. The water-regulating function is particularly important for (large-scale) commercial properties, as existing drainage systems may not be sufficient to handle large amounts of precipitation in the short term. The described water level control device 100 and / or the individual embodiments of the roof construction can be used effectively to buffer and control the accumulation of water.

[0082] Instead of diverting the wastewater into a sewer or similar system (as in connection with Fig. As described in section 5), the water can also be collected in a container for further use. This container could be, for example, a rain barrel from which water can be drawn for watering plants. Alternatively, the container could be connected to a domestic water supply, allowing, for example, toilet flushing with collected rainwater.

[0083] Aspects of the present revelation include: Aspect 1 Roof construction, especially for a freestanding roof, for example bus shelter or carport, characterized by a frame (10) with angle profile in which a profiled plate (21), in particular a corrugated sheet, with channels (22) and webs (23) is arranged, wherein the profile plate (21) is connected to the frame (10) in such a way that the profile plate (21) and the frame (10) form a (leak-proof) basin, and at least one outer edge of the profile plate (21) has a distance (d) to an adjacent inner edge of the frame (10) so that water circulation between at least some of the channels is possible, and a preferably rigid membrane element (30) arranged on the profile plate (21), in particular on at least some of the webs, such that the basin is divided into a functional area, in particular a planting area (40), and a storage space (20), wherein the storage space (20) is accessed from below by the profile plate (21) and the frame (10), is limited laterally by the frame (10) and upwards by the membrane element (30). Aspect 2 roof construction according to aspect 1, wherein the functional area comprises a substrate layer (41) and a planting layer (42), in particular extensive greening, wherein the substrate layer (41) is arranged above the membrane element (30) and has a thickness of at least 1 cm, in particular 3 cm, and the planting layer (42) is arranged above the substrate layer (41). Aspect 3 Roof construction according to one of the preceding aspects, wherein the frame (10) is made of a (galvanized) alloy, stainless steel or plastic and / or has a frame height (hR) of 10 cm - 50 cm, in particular 10 cm - 20 cm, in particular 13 cm. Aspect 4 roof construction according to one of the preceding aspects, wherein the frame (10) has mounting points for detachable fasteners. Aspect 5 Roof construction according to one of the preceding aspects, wherein the frame (10) comprises a (rectangular) recess in a floor which is covered by the profiled plate (21) and whose area is at least 40% of a footprint of the frame (10). Aspect 6 Roof construction according to one of the preceding aspects, wherein the profiled sheet (21) is made of a (galvanized) alloy, stainless steel or plastic and / or has a height (hP) of at least 4 cm and / or a material thickness of at least 0.5 mm, in particular 0.5 mm - 3 mm, in particular 1 mm. Aspect 7 Roof construction according to one of the preceding aspects, wherein the webs of the profiled sheet (21) are closed laterally (waterproof), in particular by end caps (24). Aspect 8 roof construction according to one of the preceding aspects with a (rigid) welded connection between frame (10) and profiled panel (21) and / or a sealing element, in particular a sealing strip, which is preferably made by means of liquid plastic, in particular by embedding a special fleece. Aspect 9 Roof construction according to one of the preceding aspects, wherein the membrane element (30) comprises a perforated plate and / or a grid, in particular made of a (galvanized) alloy, stainless steel or plastic, and preferably has a material thickness of at least 0.5 mm, in particular of 1 - 2 mm. Aspect 10 Roof construction according to one of the preceding aspects, wherein the frame (10) has at least one opening (11, 12), in particular in at least one side part of the frame, for setting a water level in the storage space, wherein the water level is set at a height which essentially corresponds to a height difference (dA) of a lowest located opening (11) and a lowest point of the frame (10), wherein preferably the height difference (dA) deviates by no more than 5 cm from the height (hP) of the profile plate. Aspect 11 Roof construction, in particular for a freestanding roof, for example bus shelter or carport, comprising several frames (10) with the properties of the frame of a roof construction according to one of the preceding aspects, in particular according to aspect 10, wherein a first opening of a first frame is connected to a second opening of a second frame, so that a water exchange between the first and second frame is possible. Aspect 12 Buildings, in particular freestanding buildings, for example bus shelters or carports, characterized in that a roof of the building comprises a roof structure according to one of the preceding aspects. Aspect 13 Method for producing a roof structure, in particular for producing a roof structure according to one of aspects 1 to 10, characterized by the following steps: - Fastening, in particular screwing and / or welding, a profiled plate (21), in particular corrugated sheet metal, in a frame (10) made of angle profile; - Sealing a transition between the profile plate (21) and the frame (10), in particular by means of a sealing strip, which is preferably made using liquid plastic, preferably with the embedding of a special fleece; - Creating at least one opening (11, 12), in particular an inlet and / or outlet opening, within the frame (10). Aspect 14 Method for converting a building, in particular for providing a building according to Aspect 12, characterized by the following steps: - (at least partial) removal of an initial roof structure; - Providing a second roof structure according to one of aspects 1 to 11, in particular aspect 4; - Attaching the second roof structure to elements of the building using detachable fasteners, in particular screws, using fastening receptacles within the framework of the second roof structure. Aspect 15 Water level regulating device (100), in particular for a roof structure according to one of aspects 1 to 11, which has the following: a downpipe (110); and a drain pipe (120) which has a drain opening (121) and is connected to the downpipe (110) so that water is drained through the drain opening (121) into the downpipe (120), wherein the drain pipe (120) is articulated to the downpipe (110), in particular via a ball joint (115).

[0084] It should be noted that all the parts described above, individually—even without additional features described in the respective context, even if these have not been explicitly identified as optional features in the respective context, e.g., by using: in particular, preferably, for example, e.g., parentheses, etc.—and in combination or any sub-combination, are to be considered independent embodiments or further developments of the invention as defined in particular in the introduction and the claims. Deviations from this are possible. Specifically, it should be noted that the word "in particular" or parentheses do not denote features that are mandatory in the respective context. Reference symbol list 10 frames 11 Inlet opening 12 Drainage opening 13, 13' Outer edges of the frame 20 storage space 21 Trapezoidal sheet metal 22, 22', 22'', 22''' Channel 23, 23', 23'' Bridge 24, 24', 24'' Cover cap 30-hole plate 40 Planting area 41 Substrate layer 42 Planting layer 50 bus shelters 51, 51', 51'', 51''' Pillar 52 Rain pipe 60 solar modules 70 tub 100 Water level regulating device 110 downpipe 111 Cover element 112 Overflow opening 115 Ball joint 120 drain pipe 121 Drainage opening 130 Drive device 131 Drive arm B Reference line in the ground level d distance between outer edge of the trapezoidal sheet and frame dA Distance of the drain opening from the frame base hP height of the trapezoidal sheet hR frame height h Height of the drain opening above the ground tR frame depth

Claims

[1] Roof structure, especially for a freestanding roof, for example bus shelter or carport, characterized by a (leak-proof) basin having a frame (10) with an angle profile, and in which a profiled sheet (21), in particular a corrugated sheet, with channels (22) and webs (23) is arranged, wherein at least one outer edge of the profiled sheet (21) has a distance (d) to an adjacent inner edge of the frame (10) so that water circulation between at least some of the channels is possible, and a preferably rigid membrane element (30) which is arranged on the profile plate (21), in particular on at least some of the webs, such that the basin is divided into a functional area, in particular a planting area (40), and a storage space (20), wherein the storage space (20) is bounded from below by the profile plate (21) and the frame (10), laterally by the frame (10) and upwards by the membrane element (30). [2] Roof construction according to claim 1, wherein the functional area comprises a substrate layer (41) and a planting layer (42), in particular extensive greening, wherein the substrate layer (41) is arranged above the membrane element (30) and has a thickness of at least 1 cm, in particular 3 cm, and the planting layer (42) is arranged above the substrate layer (41). [3] Roof construction according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the frame (10) is made of a (galvanized) alloy, stainless steel or plastic and / or has a frame height (hR) of 10 cm - 50 cm, in particular 10 cm - 20 cm, in particular 13 cm. [4] Roof structure according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the frame (10) has mounting points for detachable fasteners. [5] Roof construction according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the profiled plate (21) is made of a (galvanized) alloy, stainless steel or plastic and / or has a height (hP) of at least 4 cm and / or a material thickness of at least 0.5 mm, in particular 0.5 mm - 3 mm, in particular 1 mm. [6] Roof construction according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the webs of the profiled plate (21) are closed laterally (waterproof), in particular by end caps (24). [7] Roof construction according to one of the preceding claims with a (rigid) welded connection between frame (10) and profiled plate (21) and / or a sealing element, in particular a sealing strip, which is preferably produced by means of liquid plastic, in particular by embedding a special fleece. [8] Roof construction according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the membrane element (30) comprises a perforated plate and / or a grid, in particular made of a (galvanized) alloy, stainless steel or plastic, and preferably has a material thickness of at least 0.5 mm, in particular of 1 - 2 mm. [9] Roof construction according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the frame (10) has at least one opening (11, 12), in particular in at least one side part of the frame, for setting a water level in the storage space, wherein the water level is set at a height which essentially corresponds to a height difference (dA) of a lowest located opening (11) and a lowest point of the frame (10), wherein preferably the height difference (dA) deviates by no more than 5 cm from the height (hP) of the profile plate. [10] Roof structure, in particular for a freestanding roof, for example bus shelter or carport, comprising several frames (10) having the properties of the frame of a roof structure according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 9, wherein a first opening of a first frame is connected to a second opening of a second frame, so that water exchange between the first and second frame is possible. [11] Roof structure according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a water level control device (100) comprising the following: - a downpipe (110); and - a drain pipe (120) which has a drain opening (121) and is connected to the downpipe (110) so that water is drained through the drain opening (121) into the downpipe (120), wherein the drain pipe (120) is articulated to the downpipe (110), in particular via a ball joint (115). [12] Roof construction according to claim 11, wherein the water level control device (100) is arranged in the basin such that a water level is established at a height which essentially corresponds to a height of the drain opening (121) of the drain pipe (120) above a lowest point of the basin. [13] Roof construction according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the downpipe (110) has at least one overflow opening, which is arranged in particular on the side of the downpipe (110). [14] Roof construction according to one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the water level control device (100) further comprises a drive device designed to move the drain pipe (120) such that the height of the drain opening (121) above a reference plane, in particular the bottom plane of the basin, changes. [15] Buildings, especially freestanding ones, for example bus shelters or carports, characterized bythat a roof of the building comprises a roof structure according to one of the preceding claims.

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