Tape conductor device, designed to be used in alternating current supplied electrical machines, in particular motors

Abstract

A ribbon conductor device designed for use in alternating current supplied electrical machines, in particular motors, comprising at least two elongated, rigid ribbon conductor elements with contact devices for coupling in and out of electric current, wherein the ribbon conductor elements (1; 2) provide a current path and the ribbon conductor elements (1; 2) form a layered arrangement with electrical insulation (4) located between them; characterized in that the ribbon conductor elements (1; 2) are stacked on top of each other and exchange their positions in relation to their position in the stack at least once along their conductor length, in particular in the course of a full transposition section (VS), furthermore the position exchange, in particular without twisting or rotation, is realized by complementary step changes (SP) of the ribbon conductor elements (1; 2), preferably carried out by means of material forming.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a strip conductor device, designed to be used in alternating current-fed electrical machines, in particular motors, comprising at least two elongated, in particular rigid strip conductor elements with contact devices for coupling in and coupling out electrical current, wherein the strip conductor elements provide a current path and the strip conductor elements form a layer arrangement with electrical insulation located therebetween, according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] It is known that so-called Röbel conductors are used in high-current applications in generators or in powerful electric motors.

[0003] Röbel ladders or Röbel rods usually consist of several individual conductors, which are arranged over the length of the ladder in the course of a full transposition length (for the term full transposition length, see in particular DE 10 2012 218 986 A1, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, "V", and the associated description) swap their places once (so that each individual conductor is back in its original position after the swap - only further along the length of the Röbel conductor). As a result, each partial conductor in a wound coil changes its position. This is particularly important with regard to minimizing AC losses and reducing coupling losses. A Röbel conductor typically comprises an extension of very many full transposition lengths and is capable of carrying high currents due to a large number of intertwined individual conductors.

[0004] When winding round coils, the permanent swapping of the positions of the individual conductors over the length of the conductor ensures that a conductor runs temporarily on the inside, i.e. with a smaller winding radius, and then again on the outside, i.e. with a larger winding radius.

[0005] DE 39 23 310 C1 shows an exemplary process for the production of Röbel bars.

[0006] Roebel bars are bars produced by twisting square profile wires. The profile wires can be joined in the Roebel tool in such a way that sections of untwisted, parallel profile wires and sections of twisted profile wires are continuously arranged next to one another, and the leading strand section in the untwisted area is periodically separated from the strand as a Roebel bar.

[0007] DE 197 54943 A1 discloses a double Röbel bar for the winding of an electrical machine. In this bar, conductors are arranged in four adjacent stacks. Two adjacent conductors are arranged side by side as a pair along the entire length of a conductor and twisted together. For the desired twist, the conductors are bent both parallel and crossed to achieve optimal compensation of the transverse and radial fields of an operating electrical machine.

[0008] CH 15177 A discloses a device for producing interlaced flat conductors. The slots of the stator irons of an alternating current machine contain stacked bars of a coil made up of several interlaced flat conductors. Free bar ends extend axially from the slot to the base of end connections.

[0009] WO 2022 / 029008 A1, which originates from the applicant, relates to a method for the additive manufacturing of a three-dimensional component with at least one electrical conductor, in particular with at least one conductor winding, preferably a coil, preferably a hairpin for an electrical machine, in particular an electric motor or generator. The electrical conductor is realized by layer-by-layer application of a building material and locally selective solidification of the building material by irradiation with a beam impinging on the building material such that the conductor comprises first regions and at least one second region, wherein the first regions are at least partially separated by the at least one second region in a cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the conductor. The at least one second region has a lower conductivity than the first regions.The areas with different conductivity make it easy to create structures during additive manufacturing that positively influence the current flow, in particular reducing eddy current effects.

[0010] However, it has been shown that, in addition to the many advantages of additive manufacturing of conductor structures, the manufacturing process entails a high expenditure of time, which hinders mass production or an increase in productivity in the manufacture of such windings or coils.

[0011] Based on the above, the object of the invention is to provide an advanced strip conductor device designed for use in alternating current-fed electrical machines, in particular electric motors. The strip conductor device should be producible cost-effectively and with high manufacturing efficiency. Furthermore, compared to the prior art, it should exhibit further improved electrical properties, in particular reduced losses due to the skin effect, and contribute to achieving high fill factors.

[0012] The strip conductor device, which includes strip conductor elements, is based on the idea of ​​manufacturing the individual strip conductor elements separately and processing them using conventional processes, such as forging or pressing, to ensure the aforementioned high productivity. The manufactured strip conductor elements can then be assembled into the strip conductor device, cut to length as required, and joined at the ends.

[0013] The object of the invention is achieved in particular with the combination of features according to claim 1 and / or 2, wherein the subclaims represent at least expedient embodiments and further developments.

[0014] Accordingly, it is assumed in particular that a strip conductor device is designed to be used in alternating current-fed electrical machines, in particular electric motors.

[0015] The strip conductor device has at least two elongated, rigid strip conductor elements with contact devices for coupling and decoupling electrical current, wherein the strip conductor elements provide a current path.

[0016] The strip conductor elements form a layer arrangement with electrical insulation in between.

[0017] In particular, separately manufactured strip conductor elements can be provided with a completely enveloping insulation and are subsequently stacked on top of each other.

[0018] Alternatively or additionally, an insulating layer can be embedded in the joining process of the strip conductor elements.

[0019] Basically, at least two strip conductor elements are stacked on top of each other. The strip conductor elements swap positions in the stack—i.e., top and bottom—at least once over the entire length of the conductor, particularly during a full transposition section.

[0020] This position exchange is realized in particular without twisting or distortion by complementary step changes of the strip conductor elements, in particular by means of material deformation.

[0021] Preferably, in particular in order to realize a compact structure, the cross-sectional surface shapes of the strip conductor elements vary in the area of ​​the step changes.

[0022] In the area of ​​the step changes, the cross-sectional area is preferably at least largely the same for varying cross-sectional area shapes. The desired constant cross-sectional area avoids or minimizes hot spots in the strip conductor device.

[0023] In addition, the geometric surface shape can be used to achieve frequency adaptation with regard to the aforementioned use in alternating current powered electrical machines, in particular motors.

[0024] In a further development of the invention, the cross-sectional area (at least one cross-section, optionally at all cross-sections) in the region of the step changes or in the region of at least one step change (and / or in the region of at least one recess, in particular the wide-side recess of the strip conductor element) is adapted to the cross-sectional area of ​​the remaining sections of the strip conductor elements (in particular, at least at one cross-section of the step change, at least substantially equal to a cross-sectional area of ​​at least one remaining, optionally all remaining, sections of the strip conductor elements not located within a step change). Preferably, this involves a high degree of uniformity and constancy of the cross-sectional areas to be strived for.

[0025] The step jumps preferably each have complementary, strip conductor element width-side recesses, which further preferably interlock as a result of the joining of the stack (and in particular thus create the desired compact arrangement).

[0026] The stack arrangement of the strip conductor device preferably comprises at least two strip conductor elements each having at least one or at least two step jumps, wherein the respective ends of the strip conductor elements are electrically connected.

[0027] The stack arrangement is preferably adapted in terms of its dimensions in length and cross-section to the dimensions of slots in the stator or core of an electrical machine.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the strip conductor device is part of a rectangular coil or forms so-called hairpins of electrical machines.

[0029] In embodiments, the strip conductor device can be provided only in a subset of a number of individual pins (hair pins) of a coil and / or electrical machine (or in all pins). For example, the strip conductor device can be provided in at least 1%, preferably at least 8%, more preferably at least 25% and / or at most 90%, preferably at most 70%, more preferably at most 50% of the pins. This allows the advantages of the strip conductor device to be used in a targeted and measured manner. Preferably, pins located further inside a respective stator are equipped with the strip conductor device, while pins located further outside are not.

[0030] The strip conductor elements are preferably stacked closely and / or at least almost gap-free and / or densely and with a thin insulating layer in between.

[0031] The insulating layer can be introduced in a continuous process when joining the strip conductor elements to form the strip conductor device between opposite surface sides of the strip conductor elements.

[0032] This represents an alternative or supplement to the equally possible full-surface coating (forming an insulating layer) of the individual strip conductor elements before joining them to form the strip conductor device.

[0033] The thickness (d1) or (respectively) the layer thickness of the insulating layer is many times smaller than the thickness (d2) of the strip conductor elements (e.g.: d1 ≤ 0.5*d2 or d1 ≤ 0.1*d2 or d1 ≤ 0.05*d2 and / or d1 ≥ 0.001*d2 or d1 ≥ 0.005*d2). Due to the small potential differences between the strip conductor elements, the thickness or layer thickness of the insulating layer can be made extremely small, thus achieving the desired compact design of the strip conductor device with a correspondingly high fill factor for the intended application.

[0034] The strip conductor elements are, for example, made of a solid copper or copper alloy material and / or of a solid aluminum or aluminum alloy material and / or are manufactured using additive manufacturing technology.

[0035] The strip conductor elements can be produced by material forming. For example, solid-surface strip materials with a preferably rectangular cross-section can be deformed, preferably in such a way that one or more step changes are formed. Joining the strip conductor elements to obtain the strip conductor device can be carried out automatically.

[0036] Manufacturing of the strip conductor device, especially if it forms or includes a hairpin geometry, can be carried out conventionally, in particular by bending and / or welding. In general, this can involve (simply) replacing hairpins with the present strip conductor device.

[0037] The strip conductor elements of the strip conductor device are preferably arranged one above the other (in cross-section, in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal extent) (at least outside the respective step(s) and / or outside at least one recess, in particular the strip conductor element's broadside recess) and / or over at least 50% or at least 90% of their length) in (only) one row. In contrast to, for example, a Röbel bar, in which at least two rows are arranged next to each other, this allows space to be saved.

[0038] The strip conductor elements of the strip conductor device are preferably arranged (in cross-section, in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal extent) (at least outside the respective step(s) and / or outside at least one recess, in particular the strip conductor element's broadside recess, and / or over at least 50% or at least 90% of their length) such that they are not adjacent to one another. In contrast to, for example, a Röbel bar, in which (in cross-section) at least two rows are always arranged adjacent to one another, this allows space to be saved.

[0039] The strip conductor elements of the strip conductor device can run in the same direction (at least outside the respective step jump(s) and / or outside of at least one recess, in particular the strip conductor element wide-side recess, and / or over at least 50% or at least 90% or at least 95% of their length).

[0040] The respective center lines of the strip conductor elements of the strip conductor device can be identical (at least outside the respective step or the respective step jumps and / or outside of at least one recess, in particular strip conductor element wide-side recess, and / or over at least 50% or at least 90% or at least 95% of their length) in a vertical projection onto a bottom side of a lowest and / or a top side of a topmost layer (generally: outside of an outermost layer).

[0041] The strip conductor device and / or the respective strip conductor may have at least or exactly two layers, or at least or exactly three layers, or at least or exactly four layers.

[0042] The strip conductor device and / or the respective strip conductor can have at least one or exactly one, or at least two or exactly two, or at least four or exactly four, or more layer jumps (step jumps). At least or exactly two layer jumps (step jumps) can, in total, represent a transposition to the next but one layer (or, with a corresponding number of layer jumps / step jumps, the third closest or even further away).

[0043] A (single) layer jump or step jump can lead (directly) from one layer to the next or even further layer.

[0044] The strip conductor device may comprise at least two or exactly two, or at least three or exactly three, or more strip conductors.

[0045] The (respective) step change (or layer change) is preferably provided in a respective active region of the strip conductor or strip conductor device. Generally, at least one or exactly one, or at least two or exactly two, or at least three or exactly three, or more transpositions (layer changes) can be present in the (respective) active region of a stator slot (per strip conductor device).

[0046] The (respective) step jump or the step jumps are preferably arranged in such a way that a (maximum) suppression or reduction of eddy current and / or loop current losses within an overall winding (overall copper winding) occurs.

[0047] Preferably, several step changes are arranged within the active area of ​​the stator or motor at constant intervals from one another.

[0048] The strip conductor device can be configured as a hairpin or as a replacement for (conventional) hairpins and / or within a profile wire winding, in particular to minimize eddy current losses within the winding.

[0049] The ribbon conductor device can be configured or used alternatively or in addition to stranded wire.

[0050] The invention will be explained in more detail below using an embodiment and with the aid of figures.

[0051] Here we show: Fig. 1 a perspective view of a strip conductor device, joined by bringing together two strip conductor elements according to the invention, which are already provided with an enveloping insulation layer; Fig. 2 a side view similar to that of Fig. 1, but with embedding an insulating layer in the joining process of two strip conductor elements with step jumps to produce the strip conductor device; Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of an alternative embodiment of a stripline device; Fig. 4 shows a strip conductor device designed in a U-shape (to form a hairpin) in an oblique view; Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a stator with strip conductor devices according to an embodiment; Fig. 6 a representation analogous Fig. 5 according to another embodiment; and Fig. 7 a representation analogous Fig. 5 according to another embodiment.

[0052] The strip conductor device according to the figures consists of two strip conductor elements 1; 2 which are stacked one above the other.

[0053] The strip conductor elements 1; 2 exchange their positions in relation to their position in the stack over their conductor length during a full transposition section VS (cf.

[0054] Fig. 2, where VS is indicated schematically here and ends at the beginning of the position jump, which then completes the full transposition).

[0055] In the example shown, the strip conductor element 1 is located in the left-hand section after Fig. 1 above and changes its position downwards via a step jump SP.

[0056] The reverse is true for the strip conductor element (strip conductor section) 2, which changes its position from below via the step SP upwards according to the figurative representation according to Fig. 1 changes.

[0057] From the figurative representation it can be seen that the position exchange of the strip conductor elements is realized without twisting or distortion by complementary step changes SP of the strip conductor elements, for example, carried out by material deformation.

[0058] In the area of ​​the step changes SP, the cross-sectional shape of the strip conductor elements 1; 2 varies.

[0059] By shaping the area of ​​the step jumps SP, it is possible to keep the cross-sectional area at least largely constant despite varying cross-sectional area shapes, so that current-related hotspots can be avoided.

[0060] Preferably, a cross-sectional area of ​​at least one cross-section (if applicable, all cross-sections) in the region of a (respective) step change corresponds to at least 0.6 times, preferably at least 0.9 times and / or at most 1.5 times, preferably at most 1.1 times the cross-sectional area of ​​at least one cross-section (if applicable, all cross-sections) of the respective strip conductor outside the step change.

[0061] Preferably, a (minimum) width of a respective strip conductor in the region of a (respective) step change is smaller than a width of the corresponding strip conductor outside the step change, preferably by at least 10% or at least 30% smaller and / or by at most 80% smaller.

[0062] Preferably, a (maximum) thickness (height) of a respective strip conductor in the region of a (respective) step change is greater than a thickness of the corresponding strip conductor outside the step change, preferably by at least 10% or at least 50% greater and / or by at most 200% greater.

[0063] It is within the meaning of the invention that the cross-sectional area in the region of the step jumps SP is at least substantially adapted to the cross-sectional area of ​​the remaining sections of the strip conductor elements 1; 2 and, if possible, is designed to be the same.

[0064] The step jumps SP each have complementary, strip conductor element width-side recesses 3, which are the result of joining the gap (see Fig. 1) interlock.

[0065] As a result of joining the strip conductor elements 1; 2, preferably with a mechanical device, the following results from a consideration of the Fig. 1 from right to left a strip conductor device with two strip conductor elements 1; 2, which are stacked closely, gap-free and densely, so that a compact arrangement is created.

[0066] In particular, when uninsulated strip conductor elements 1; 2 are used, a thin insulating layer 4 is introduced between the strip conductor elements 1; 2 during the process of stacking the strip conductor elements 1; 2 (see Fig. 2).

[0067] This insulating layer 4 can already be pre-shaped with regard to the contour in the area of ​​the step jumps SP or can also consist of a material which takes on the shape of the strip conductor elements 1; 2 in the area of ​​the step jumps when they are brought together and joined.

[0068] The strip conductor elements 1; 2 can be made of solid copper or copper alloy material, which is advantageous for more efficient and cost-effective production. Through known, preferably used, material forming processes, solid-surface strip materials with a preferably rectangular cross-section can be deformed in such a way that the relevant step changes SP are formed, and the joining of the strip conductor elements 1; 2 to obtain the strip conductor device can be carried out in a simple, automated manner.

[0069] A key advantage of the presented strip conductor device is a reduction in the area exposed to a transverse slot field when used in electrical machines due to the nonlinear conductor structure with step changes. Furthermore, current displacement is minimized. By simply adapting the conductor geometry, it is possible to respond to a different frequency spectrum during operation of electrical machines. Any increased current density in the step change area can be reduced through geometric adaptation and optimization.

[0070] If one compares the copper losses as a function of the conductor geometry based on known twisted conductor structures with copper losses of the strip conductor device according to the invention, then the frequency-dependent increase in losses when using a strip conductor device with a stacked arrangement of strip conductor elements and step change, in particular at higher frequencies between 500 and 1500, possibly between 600 and 1000 Hertz, is significantly reduced.

[0071] In Fig. Figure 3 shows a schematic side view of an alternative embodiment of a strip conductor device. The strip conductor device comprises strip conductor elements 11; 12; 13, which form three layers and may have multiple step changes (for example, from a lowest or first layer shown in the figure to a middle or second layer and from there to a highest or third layer).

[0072] Fig. Figure 4 shows a U-shaped strip conductor device (to form a hairpin). Here, it can be seen that only one transposition (layer jump) is provided in the respective active region A of the strip conductor. Generally, at least one or exactly one, or at least two or exactly two, or at least three or exactly three, or more transpositions (layer jumps) can be present in the (respective) active region of a stator slot (per strip conductor device).

[0073] In Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a stator 14 with a plurality of strip conductor devices 21; 22; 23; 24; 25; and 26 (within the stator slot). The exact number of strip conductor devices is not necessarily important here. It can be seen that all strip conductor devices are designed according to the basic principle of the present disclosure (according to claim 1). In the deviating embodiment according to Fig. 6, a plurality of inner strip conductor devices are formed according to the basic principle of the present disclosure (specifically four, which is not intended to be limiting) and further (here specifically two) strip conductor devices located further outward, without corresponding step changes according to the present disclosure. In the present case, specifically two-thirds of the strip conductor devices (which is not intended to be limiting) are formed with step changes according to the present disclosure.

[0074] In a further different embodiment according to Fig. 7, only the inner (or innermost) two strip conductor devices are configured with at least one corresponding step change according to the present disclosure, and the outer (here: four) are not. Only one-third (which, again, is not intended to be limiting) of the strip conductor devices is thus configured with at least one step change according to the present disclosure.

[0075] At this point, it should be noted that all parts described above, viewed individually and in any combination, particularly the details shown in the drawings, are claimed as essential to the invention. Modifications to these are familiar to those skilled in the art.

[0076] Furthermore, it is pointed out that the aim is to achieve the broadest possible scope of protection. In this respect, the disclosure contained in the claims can also be made more precise by features that are described with further features (even without these further features necessarily being included). It is explicitly pointed out that parentheses and the term "in particular" are intended to emphasize the optionality of features in the respective context (which does not mean, conversely, that without such identification a feature is to be considered mandatory in the corresponding context). The term "element / elements" should preferably characterize a coherent structure, which in turn can be connected to at least one other structure (to form a possibly one-piece and / or inherently immobile overall structure) or can be demarcated from all other structures. List of reference symbols 1, 2 strip conductor elements 11; 12; 13 strip conductor elements 14 Stator 21; 22; 23; 24; 25; 26 Strip conductor device QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 39 23 310 C1

[0005] DE 197 54943 A1

[0007] WO 2022 / 029008 A1

[0009]

Claims

[1] Strip conductor device, designed to be used in alternating current-fed electrical machines, in particular motors, comprising at least two elongated, rigid strip conductor elements with contact devices for coupling in and coupling out electrical current, wherein the strip conductor elements (1; 2) provide a current path and the strip conductor elements (1; 2) form a layer arrangement with electrical insulation (4) located therebetween; characterized by that the strip conductor elements (1; 2) are stacked one above the other and exchange their positions with respect to the position in the stack at least once over their conductor length, in particular over the course of a full transposition section (VS), furthermore the position exchange, in particular without twisting or twisting, is realized by complementary step jumps (SP) of the strip conductor elements (1; 2), preferably carried out by means of material deformation. [2] Strip conductor device, preferably according to claim 1, designed to be used in alternating current-fed electrical machines, in particular motors, comprising at least two elongated, rigid strip conductor elements with contact devices for coupling in and coupling out electrical current, wherein the strip conductor elements (1; 2) provide a current path and the strip conductor elements (1; 2) form a layer arrangement, wherein the strip conductor elements are provided with an enveloping insulation; characterized by that the strip conductor elements (1; 2) are stacked one above the other and exchange their positions with respect to the position in the stack at least once over their conductor length, in particular over the course of a full transposition section (VS), furthermore the position exchange, in particular without twisting or twisting, is realized by complementary step jumps (SP) of the strip conductor elements (1; 2), preferably carried out by means of material deformation. [3] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that in the area of the step changes (SP) the cross-sectional area shape of the strip conductor elements (1; 2) varies. [4] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that in the area of the step changes (SP) the cross-sectional area remains largely constant with varying cross-sectional area shapes. [5] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the cross-sectional area in the region of the step changes (SP) is adapted to the cross-sectional area of the remaining sections of the strip conductor elements (1; 2). [6] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the step jumps (SP) each have complementary, strip conductor element width-side recesses (3) which interlock as a result of joining the stack. [7] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the / a stack arrangement comprises at least two strip conductor elements (1; 2) each having at least one or at least two step jumps (SP), wherein the respective ends of the strip conductor elements (1, 2) are electrically connected. [8] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a / the stack arrangement is adapted in terms of its dimensions in length and cross-section to the dimensions of slots in the stator or core of an electrical machine. [9] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that this is part of a rectangular coil or a hairpin. [10] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the strip conductor elements (1; 2) are stacked closely, gap-free, tightly and with a thin insulating layer (4) in between, forming a compact arrangement. [11] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the thickness or layer thickness of the insulating layer (4) is many times smaller than the thickness of the strip conductor elements (1; 2). [12] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the strip conductor elements (1; 2) consist of a solid copper or copper alloy material or are manufactured by means of additive technology. [13] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the individual strip conductor elements are covered with insulation. [14] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the individual strip conductor elements are completely covered with insulation. [15] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the individual strip conductor elements are provided with an enveloping insulation layer. [16] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the individual strip conductor elements are provided with a completely enveloping insulation. [17] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a full-surface covering of the individual strip conductor elements is provided, in particular forming an insulating layer, which is applied before joining to the strip conductor device. [18] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat a layer thickness (d1) of the insulating layer is many times smaller than a thickness (d2) of the strip conductor elements, where for example: d1 ≤ 0.5*d2 or d1 ≤ 0.1*d2 or d1 ≤ 0.05*d2 and / or d1 ≥ 0.001*d2 or d1 ≥ 0.005*d2. [19] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the insulation is formed by an insulating layer. [20] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that an insulating layer is provided which is embedded in the joining process of two strip conductor elements with step jumps to produce the strip conductor device. [21] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the strip conductor device is configured as Haripin. [22] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the strip conductor elements consist of a solid copper or copper alloy material and / or of a solid aluminum or aluminum alloy material. [23] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the strip conductor elements are produced by deforming solid-surface strip materials with a preferably rectangular cross-section, preferably in such a way that one or more step jumps are formed. [24] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the strip conductor elements of the strip conductor device are preferably arranged in only one row one above the other in cross section, in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal extent, at least outside the respective step jump or the respective step jumps and / or outside of at least one recess, in particular strip conductor element wide-side recess and / or over at least 50% or at least 90% of their length. [25] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the strip conductor elements of the strip conductor device are preferably arranged in cross-section, in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal extent, at least outside the respective step jump or the respective step jumps and / or outside of at least one recess, in particular the strip conductor element's broadside recess, and / or over at least 50% or at least 90% of their length, in such a way that they do not lie next to one another. [26] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the strip conductor elements of the strip conductor device run in the same direction, at least outside the respective step jump(s) and / or outside of at least one recess, in particular the strip conductor element's broadside recess, and / or over at least 50% or at least 90% or at least 95% of their length. [27] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the respective center lines of the strip conductor elements of the strip conductor device, at least outside the respective step jump or the respective step jumps and / or outside of at least one recess, in particular strip conductor element broadside recess, and / or over at least 50% or at least 90% or at least 95% of their length, in a vertical projection onto a bottom side of a lowest and / or a top side of a topmost layer, are identical. [28] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the strip conductor device and / or the respective strip conductor has at least or exactly two layers, or at least or exactly three layers, or at least or exactly four layers. [29] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the strip conductor device and / or the respective strip conductor have at least one or exactly one, or at least two or exactly two, or at least four or exactly four, or more layer jumps, wherein at least or exactly two layer jumps preferably represent in total a transposition into a layer after the next but one or, in the case of a correspondingly large number of layer jumps / step jumps, the third nearest or even further away layer. [30] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a single layer jump or step jump leads from one layer to the next or even further layer. [31] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the strip conductor device has at least two or exactly two, or at least three or exactly three, or more strip conductors. [32] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the respective step jump is provided in a respective active region of the strip conductor or the strip conductor device and / or at least one or exactly one, or at least two or exactly two, or at least three or exactly three, or more layer jumps are present in the respective active region of a stator slot per strip conductor device. [33] Strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that several step changes are arranged at constant intervals within the active area of the stator or motor. [34] Coil, preferably rectangular coil, in particular for a stator, comprising at least one strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims. [35] Coil with a plurality of strip conductor devices, comprising at least one strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims is provided only in a subset of a number of individual strip conductor devices, in particular hair pins of the coil, for example in at least 1%, preferably at least 8%, more preferably at least 25% and / or at most 90%, preferably at most 70%, more preferably at most 50% of the strip conductor devices. [36] Stator comprising at least one coil, in particular a rectangular coil, according to one of the two immediately preceding claims. [37] Electrical machine comprising at least one stator according to the immediately preceding claim and / or at least one coil, in particular rectangular coil, with at least one strip conductor device according to one of the preceding claims

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