A steering wheel assembly equipped with a concentric, fixed instrument panel and a Möbius ring wheel rim

Abstract

A steering wheel assembly equipped with a concentric, fixed instrument panel and a Möbius ring rim; a steering wheel unit integrating various instrument displays and attached to the concentric face of the inner diameter of the steering wheel assembly. The device provides both a rim for performing steering movements of the vehicle, i.e., a rim usually located directly in front of the driver's seat and freely rotatable by the application of a torque, and a rim mounted on an outer diameter of a fixed central tube within the steering column housing by means of a spoke-connected hub bushing; the central tube pierces coaxially the inner diameter of the steering wheel hub bushing and projects through the front end of the steering wheel hub bushing to securely fasten an instrument panel housing located within a region enclosed by the inner diameter of the steering wheel.In this way, each instrument display, as well as the airbag module and other equipment necessary for the driver, are successively installed in the fixed instrument panel housing.

Description

field of technology

[0001] The present invention relates to a steering wheel support device for vehicle steering. The steering wheel rim takes the topological shape of a Möbius ring, and a concentric instrument panel is integrated and attached to the steering column in the inner diameter region. It includes pointer instruments and LCD screens or DLP projection screens as functional areas for displaying multimedia information. State of the art

[0002] The steering wheel is an essential device for driving vehicles and is used to perform vehicle steering movements. It is also called a steering wheel. It consists of a rim with an outer diameter for holding and an inner diameter hub connected to the steering shaft, as well as spokes that connect the inner hub to the inner and outer diameters of the grip rim (wheel rim). The steering wheel is located in front of the driver's seat of the vehicle. The circular steering wheel rim configuration contributes to smooth feedback from the power arm, maximizes torque, minimizes transmission resistance, and maintains regularity and stability in the arm's trajectory during the steering operation when turning the grip rim, bringing great practical value, cleanliness, and aesthetics; it is obviously superior to other irregular shapes.

[0003] The sustainable development of the circular steering wheel is due to the fact that the space enclosed by the steering wheel in the inner diameter, next to the spokes and the center hub, occupies a large free area that is not fully utilized. The outer diameter of a steering wheel for medium and light vehicles is typically 36.8 to 39 cm. After deducting the diameter of the grip ring body and the space around which the fingers are held, an inner ring area with a diameter of 27 to 31.5 cm remains, corresponding to a circular usable area of ​​≥ 700 cm. 2The instruments are located on the platform behind the steering wheel, and the driver reads the instrument panel parameters through the empty space of the upper spoke of the steering wheel, resulting in the field of view of the remote instrument display being limited by the steering wheel grip rim. In addition, the various instrument display components installed on the instrument panel and center console have resulted in the front panel being too large and bloated, with too many attachments and scattered parts; they take up a lot of space in the front of the car, affecting the driver's position and field of vision.

[0004] The inventor discovered during practical testing that the instrument display, data reading, and installation of each component should be conducive to driver comfort and simplify operation without compromising driver attention, coordination, and safety during driving. Therefore, according to the principle of focal perspective, the ideal observation position of each functional instrument and display is on the perfect circular surface of the steering wheel facing the driver, that is, the circular space surrounded by the steering wheel. However, with the current conventional steering wheel design, a lot of space cannot be utilized. The airbag module occupies a large part of the limited wheel support area, and it is not possible to further expand the required observation area for image fixation due to steering wheel rotation.This means that the conventional steering wheel design - the installation of the airbag module assembly - does not leave enough space for the instrument cluster and screen with the new shape and new surface.

[0005] Therefore, a new steering wheel is needed that is more user-friendly and comfortable for the driver's observation and reading field, as well as for functional operation. The multifunction steering wheel is compact and well-proportioned, easy to install and adjust, suitable for various instrument display mechanisms and airbag safety module arrangements, and has sufficient space structure for universal adaptability. At the same time, there is a need to provide a compact and compatible steering wheel support that can be centrally controlled by the driver to simplify the volume occupied by the dashboard and center console in the car and reduce the waste of passenger space and resources. This makes the front seat environment more spacious and the driving experience more comfortable, relaxing, and convenient. Object of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a novel steering wheel assembly that performs the steering movements of a vehicle, whereby the space of the inner diameter of the steering wheel rim is fully utilized, an inner instrument panel is mounted concentrically to the wheel rim, corresponding to a usable area of ​​>700 cm 2 an electronic display is added and an airbag module is included. Compared with the instrument panel of small and medium-sized vehicles, the average area of ​​the display area of ​​the instrument installation is 310 cm 2 up to 360 cm 2 , which can replace the instrument panel installation based on increasingly clear visibility and readability at close range. The cockpit layout has been significantly streamlined, making the interior more clearly arranged and improving driving comfort.

[0007] First, a completely new support is provided. The conventional steering wheel design is improved, and the valuable space in the circular area of ​​the wheel rim is fully utilized as an integrated functional area for the instrument display. The instrument cluster and center console are completely relocated from the rear of the steering wheel to the front of the steering wheel, where the front of the steering wheel directly faces the driver's visual focus. This not only improves the utilization of the steering wheel area but also facilitates clear observation of driving data from close range, ensuring the driver's clear view of the driving area in front of the vehicle and the clarity of instrument readings at close range. It is also highly accessible and easy to operate, representing the versatile advantages of system engineering for flexible driving.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present utility model or invention adopts the following technical solution: The first rotating element is the wheel rim, which is arranged around the steering wheel and can be held by the driver's hands; the second rotating element is the hub bushing, which is shaped like a sleeve and can be directly integrated and formed into the wheel hub. It is integrated and firmly connected to the steering wheel through the spokes. The axle sleeve can rotate freely inward from the opening of the steering column housing to support the outer diameter of the center tube, which is firmly connected in the steering column housing. When the driver turns the steering wheel, the wheel rim, spokes, and hub bushing are rigidly connected to each other, that is, they all rotate around the axis of the center tube in the steering column housing.

[0009] Inside the steering column housing, the center column tube is firmly connected to the inner diameter of the steering column by means of its flange as a support. The center column tube passes through the inner diameter of the steering wheel hub bushing and protrudes from the hub bushing through hole at its outer end toward the driver to connect to the instrument panel housing. The steering wheel hub bushing is connected to the outer circular surface of the center column tube via bearings. At the same time, the gearing on the outer circular surface of the steering wheel hub bushing with the corresponding parallel shaft gear pair transmits the rotation of the steering wheel to the steering shaft via the parallel shaft (subshaft) and later via the meshing drive of the second-stage gear pair for the transmission output.In this way, the parallel shaft and the two gear pairs transmit the rotational input from the steering wheel via the wheel hub bushing in the same direction to the steering shaft and the wheel steering system. The meshing drive of the gear pair can be designed to measure the steering wheel or steering shaft angle simultaneously.

[0010] In the present utility model, the steering wheel and the steering shaft are not directly mechanically connected, but indirectly connected through the transmission of a pair of parallel shaft gears. As for the steering wheel, the center column fixed in the steering column housing and the front-mounted instrument panel also have a safety buffer effect to absorb impact energy. When a collision occurs and the steering column is subjected to a tremendous impact force, the assembly can retract and collapse as a whole along with the unlocking and telescopic movement of the steering column housing, thereby acting as an energy-absorbing buffer. The steering shaft and the transmission gear ②a are connected by a keyway. The front end has a certain free length of the inner cavity diameter (e.g.,5 cm) and is able to avoid and absorb the sliding displacement of the gear and steering wheel mounted on the flange of the center column with the steering column housing, thus ensuring the safety and effectiveness of the steering column folding.

[0011] The steering wheel assembly of the present invention actually utilizes the center column as the core structural component for basic expansion and assembly. The center column is secured to the steering column housing by its own flange. The outer diameter surface of the column facing the driver's side not only supports the steering wheel hub sleeve, but also the front end is firmly connected to the instrument panel housing located within the inner diameter of the steering wheel rim, allowing for the installation and integration of various instrument and display combinations. The inner lumen diameter of the center column also serves as a wiring harness channel for connecting instruments, display screens, airbags, function buttons, and other components.The shaft hole on the flange surface of the center tube column, the bearing seat, and the coaxial short shaft on the rear also serve as the gear pair and parallel shaft support of the parallel shaft gear pair meshing mechanism to complete the steering wheel power transmission. The center tube column structure serves as a support for the installation and positioning of the instrument panel, a support for the steering wheel actuator, a support for the wiring harness connection, and a support for safety protection, performing multiple functions. At the same time, it has the comprehensive characteristics of compact and simple structure and convenient and flexible installation.

[0012] Preferably, after the instrument panel casing is attached, various instruments, gauges, and airbag module units can be sequentially mounted therein. Regarding the display structure and interface style, the present invention recommends using a conventional display method with a mechanical pointer instrument structure and simultaneously using a multimedia display with a touch function. Combining them with a mechanical pointer instrument provides vivid information and color presentation. The overall layout makes full use of the symmetrical spacing on both sides of the horizontal axis of the instrument panel, evenly arranging the instrument, electronic screen, and airbag module, which are divided into three regional levels: upper, middle, and lower.That is, the function area of ​​the pointer instrument on the upper level, the horizontal wide display area of ​​the LCD screen on the middle level, and the distribution zone of the airbag module and the function button on the lower level.

[0013] The upper-level pointer instrument's functional area is equivalent to a complete remodeling of the instrument panel originally located in the front floor and relocating it to the steering wheel. Generally, the upper pointer instrument uses a natural reflection display mode for daytime use. Because the distance to the driver is shorter and there are no obstructions, the instrument panel and pointer instruments can be relatively smaller (e.g., approximately 15%). The instrument panel housing is designed according to an inner diameter of 30.4 or 32.5 cm in different specifications. The total area of ​​the upper-level pointer instrument's functional area is 200 cm. 2 up to 230 cm2 The two main dial instruments both have a diameter of 7.8 cm to 8.3 cm, and the field of view is very clear. The balanced display advantages of the original instrument panel structure and dial instruments are fully retained.

[0014] While the utility model adds an electronic screen interface, the most rounded, full-bodied, eye-catching, and frequently observed speedometer and tachometer are retained and fully displayed in the combined mechanical instrument system, indicating the vehicle speed and engine speed, respectively. This dial pointer display method actually introduces randomness into the motion simulation space to describe the random characteristics of variable membership and constructs an adjustment function composed of random change factors. The steady-state fault tolerance structure is good, and a realistic style is adopted, which is most suitable for a balanced and dynamic embodiment of timeliness and visual observation understanding.

[0015] The large-format display area of ​​the center-level LCD screen is generally symmetrical along the diameter of the horizontal axis of the instrument panel to create a large-format display screen / panel. Display devices include liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and thin-film transistor liquid crystal displays (TFT-LCDs). A DLP (Digital Light Processing) color projection screen system may also be considered. The DLP system has a more natural and softer appearance, and the color brilliance can also be more realistic.

[0016] Considering the flexibility and convenience of space layout, the screen is maximized along the horizontal axis of the instrument panel housing under the premise of taking into account the proportion of the display interval of the upper pointer instrument. The overall width-to-height ratio of the screen (or length-to-width ratio) can be set to 20:7. In fact, it can be regarded as two screens with any (10:7) ratio side by side. Depending on the outer diameter of the steering wheel grip rim from 38 to 38.8 cm and different wheel shape standards, the horizontal length of the screen can reach 28.5 to 31 cm, and the vertical height (width) is 10 to 10.85 cm; the total display area of ​​the screen can reach 10.3 to 11.1 inches according to the 16:9 specification, and it is a completely forward-facing viewing area and the focus range of the line of sight is better.

[0017] The screen can be flexibly set to a standard interface, such as split-screen display with three interfaces for the left, middle, and right windows. The window interface of the middle main screen is 16:9, which can achieve a widescreen display effect of 8.15 to 8.7 inches. A symmetrical dual-screen interface structure can also be adopted, with each screen measuring 6.9 to 7.45 inches at a 10:7 aspect ratio. The electronic screen can also adopt a 3:1 aspect ratio, which is equivalent to combining two screens side by side at a 3:2 ratio. The screen display area is slightly smaller, which is also considerable.Considering that the high-definition center main surface window of the widescreen display is facing the driver's line of sight and the distance is shortened, the 8.15-8.7 inch widescreen display window is equivalent to the 10-12 inch screen display effect of the central control screen in a long distance and lateral viewing angle; and the display styles are more diverse, which expands the visual display of the overall information of the vehicle instrument.

[0018] The lower airbag module section and the function button distribution belt are installed in the lower semicircular area of ​​the circular instrument panel. The airbag is located below the horizontal widescreen of the middle level. Because the instrument panel housing is fixed, the housing, airbag layer, housing cover, and inflation deployment mechanism contained in the airbag module can remain stable. Rotary cable connections, which are normally required for steering wheel rotation in airbag wiring harnesses, are eliminated. The fixed, stationary shape ensures the normal circuit connection of the airbag, thus greatly simplifying space requirements and installation. It also helps to always maintain the correct and accurate azimuth angle when the airbag is deployed.The smooth inflation and deployment of the airbag after deployment as well as its safety in relation to the oncoming protective position of the driver is fully ensured.

[0019] The airbag module is always statically attached to the instrument panel housing and can also function as a horn via a floating connection mechanism. At the same time, the main function buttons and knobs are arranged on the outer edge of the instrument panel on both sides of the airbag module, keeping them close to the thumb's reach of the steering wheel. Driving functions can be easily operated without releasing the hands or changing the direction of view. The airbag module, the pointer instrument, and the LCD screen are arranged independently of each other, with clear layers and no interference with each other. The safety factor is high and the tooling effect is good.

[0020] The pointer instrument cluster, multimedia display, and function buttons are arranged on the fixed instrument panel along the inner diameter of the steering wheel. They correspond to vehicle speed, rpm, fuel quantity, water temperature, mileage, and other parameters. Additional displays and function buttons, such as lights, parking function, and windshield wipers, can be integrated and arranged via the combination switch on the steering column housing below the steering wheel. The partition window display on the color LCD screen serves as a vehicle for dynamic integration and aggregation of content. While realizing multifunctional vehicle control, the layout of the on-board display and buttons can be simplified, enhancing the user's driving experience.

[0021] It should be noted that the use of analog mechanical pointer instruments based on electrical signals from sensors and expressed by scale indicators on the instrument panel does not mean backwardness or inefficiency. Installing and displaying large numbers of electronic screens over large areas cannot be considered advanced, low-carbon, and environmentally friendly. In other words, if increasing the display area of ​​the electronic screen in a car only serves to enhance the so-called hierarchy or atmosphere near the dashboard and in the cabin, but in reality does not provide more useful information, there is too much redundancy, poor practicality, and even causes interference from "light pollution" and visual fatigue, such a layout can be simplified and integrated into the main dashboard.

[0022] In summary, this innovative integrated steering wheel control unit can adjust a wide range of instrument display and paddle functions while eliminating the functions of the original bridge dashboard, eliminating the need for the original instrument panel and center console. It provides a clear view of the panoramic area in the front cockpit of the vehicle. By expanding and updating the display layout and structure of this integrated unit, more information sources and display hierarchy can be added as needed, making the information that this centralized control steering wheel can display more comprehensive and refined, and improving expandability and visibility.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the steering wheel rim is designed in the shape of a Möbius ring. Using this curved surface topology structure, it can be a single ring or a double ring.Compared with the conventional ring-shaped wheel rim body, the Möbius ring itself is three-dimensional, with a perfect circular contour projection and a non-planar three-dimensional curvature configuration with wavelength λ fluctuations along the trajectory of the perfect circular projection. This not only enhances the beauty of the traditional circular steering wheel, but also forms a concave and convex wave-shaped Möbius torus and a shaped line structure formed by the wheel rim elements on the circumference. The concave and convex wave-shaped surface can be evenly covered by the palm and fingers, so that the fingers or finger end areas that hold the wheel rim from the periphery form a driving force. It is easier and more delicate to rotate the wheel rim for the steering movement of the vehicle.

[0024] The wheel rim is designed in the shape of a Möbius ring, specifically the double Möbius ring configuration, which, with a wave-shaped grip rim around the entire curved surface, also creates active ventilation. This is due to the small gap between the circular peripheral sections of the two Möbius rings, allowing air to flow through the interior for ventilation. This air convection flows through the inner and outer perimeters of the entire circumference of the steering wheel rim, naturally preventing wet contact surfaces and potential finger slippage from the rim.

[0025] In addition, the utility model creatively provides a brand-new form of compact steering wheel rim configuration design. It can make the steering wheel rim design more diverse, and the shape and strength of the two-handed grip are exactly the same, and the utilization rate of the entire steering wheel inner diameter is more compact and sufficient. By modifying the steering wheel rim ring body, the solid structure has been improved to a C / U-shaped hollow ring groove structure; it is formed in a single step, and the foam wrapping layer is removed, and then the wear-resistant leather lining is further applied to wrap it and firmly connect it to the steering wheel skeleton. The shape and surface of the ring groove not only fulfills the supporting function of the palm, but also allows the palm and finger joints of both hands to bend naturally and protrude into the hollow of the ring groove.In other words, the space occupied by the original solid ring body of the wheel rim has been completely released to accommodate the combined grip of the palms and fingers of both hands, and there is no difference in the hand posture of the holding movement. In this way, the physical grip utilization of the grip rim is improved, and the space required to hold the wheel rim is naturally also saved. That is, the diameter and area of ​​the available concentric circles are increased for the inner diameter of the wheel rim. The open frame of the C / U ring grooved wheel rim itself has good mechanical support. And the front part (in the plane of the steering wheel) torus naturally forms a palm rest, which can be hollowed out and perforated to improve ventilation and the ventilation effect.It can also be made of solid wood and other structures as a whole and connected to the steering wheel skeleton as a single unit, which is natural to operate and has a better grip.

[0026] Obviously, the present invention has the following significant advantages through a novel type of steering wheel with a Möbius ring rim having an integrated instrument panel fixed in the inner diameter: ① According to the present invention, a concentric instrument panel is firmly mounted on the inner diameter of the steering wheel. This provides an ideal support for mounting the instrument display. Efficient use of the concentric area of ​​the steering wheel rim with an inner diameter of 720 to 830 cm is achieved. 2Because the instrument panel is firmly anchored in the steering wheel, the installation and operation of various instruments, displays, and airbags is very simple and straightforward. At the same time, the instruments and multimedia displays are positioned most conveniently for observation and quick operation. This achieves the most efficient information identification and observation field of view for the driver in the most correct position and in the most concise manner. ② Since the instrument is transplanted onto the fixed surface of the inner diameter of the steering wheel, the driver's linear observation distance is shortened and the field of view is expanded. The area displayed by each instrument can also be reasonably reduced according to the perspective principle without affecting the observation range and clarity. Therefore, a variety of functions of the buttons and display screen can be arranged in this innovative integrated steering device. The functions of the original bridge instrument panel are eliminated, eliminating the redundant configuration of the original instrument panel. It provides a clear view of the area in front of the vehicle, giving the driver a clear view of the area in front of the vehicle and a large driving space. 3. The integration of an electronic multimedia screen on the inner diameter of the steering wheel makes it more convenient for the driver to intuitively grasp various data information and operations. The screen also has a touch function, allowing the driver to freely switch the displayed information content. The combination of a mechanical pointer instrument and an LCD screen better realizes the convenience of data display, observation, and reading. It is a multi-perspective and multi-dimensional display hierarchy. The overall goal remains simple, intuitive, and integrated operation. 4 Adopting a display structure that integrates the instrument panel and is firmly installed on the inner plane of the inner ring of the steering wheel, a. Functional instruments and electronic displays are fully integrated into the steering wheel. The instrument display and control interface has a simple and natural style, and the structure is modular to simplify manufacturing. b. The front bridge and center console are more convenient and clear, seamlessly integrated into the cabin. The structure is downsized, improving the available space in the cabin, and the configuration is simple and comfortable to drive. 5. The diverse designs of the Möbius ring steering wheel rim: no matter from which direction it is viewed, the spiral border exhibits strong three-dimensional symmetry and can always represent the various curved surfaces of the Möbius ring, full of balance and beauty. Combined with the double helix wrap-around design, it has a special geometric concave and convex shape in the direction of uniform centripetal force convergence or centrifugal force divergence to the toroidal cross-section. This is an infinite loop and a never-ending topological surface structure with a high degree of perfection and harmony. 6. The C-cup / U-shaped ring groove structure of the steering wheel rim not only makes the steering wheel grip rim more concise and compact, but also significantly improves the utilization efficiency of the steering wheel's inner diameter and expands the display area of ​​instruments and multimedia displays; it can also be used individually. The characteristics of the Möbius ring shape are enhanced and shaped, and the operating functionality and aesthetic properties of the overall contour of the steering wheel are improved. ⑦ The inner layer of the steering wheel integrates a concentric instrument panel with a well-proportioned internal and external structure and a simple and clear view. It makes full use of the concentric circle area of ​​the steering wheel's inner diameter, and the instrument panel support has a large installation space and good compatibility. It is easy to install, repair, and disassemble, and has high compatibility. Furthermore, the integrated combination of the Mobius ring-shaped rotating wheel rim and the concentric circle of the fixed instrument panel in the inner diameter makes the steering wheel assembly more compact, concise, rich, and complete, providing new choices for vehicle design language and end users, and providing an opportunity to promote market diversification and new business formats.

[0027] In summary, the object of the present invention is based on the development trend of vehicle driving, especially the diversification of the usage of the electronic display device arranged in the vehicle cabin. Indeed, the demand for simplification and optimization of various electronic display devices and standardization of the orderly layout is also gradually increasing. The technical limitation problem existing in the existing steering wheel device is solved; the integrated design is more diverse and user-friendly, and has the potential for efficient and reliable practical adaptation. Brief description of the drawings Fig. 1 is a front view of a concentric fixed instrument panel assembly having a standard circular steering wheel rim shape according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Fig.2 shows a schematic representation of the structure of the multimedia display (3-screen window) in the steering wheel with a single Mobbius ring rim and in the concentric, fixed instrument panel assembly according to embodiment 1; Fig. Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of the electronic multimedia display applicable to the simple window surface mode in the steering wheel with a double Mobbius ring rim and the concentric fixed instrument panel assembly; Fig. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the steering wheel and the center column of the concentric fixed instrument panel assembly; Fig. 5 shows a front view of the concentric fixed instrument panel assembly and steering wheel rim in a C / U configuration with the annular groove according to Embodiment 2 of the concentric steering wheel; Fig.6 shows a schematic representation of a steering wheel with a wheel rim with annular groove and a fixed instrument panel assembly according to embodiment 2; Fig. 7 shows a sectional view of Example 2 in which the steering wheel skeleton is directly attached to the ring groove frame structure; Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the steering wheel mechanism and the structure of the center column connecting the instrument panel housing; Fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism of a parallel shaft gear pair composed of the steering wheel mechanism and the center tube column. Fig. 10 shows an effect view of a steering wheel rim in a simple Möbius ring configuration; Fig. 11 shows an effect view of a steering wheel rim in a double Möbius ring configuration;

[0028] In the figures: 1- wheel rim (grip rim); 2-spokes; 3-wheel hub bushing; 4-steering column housing; 5- instrument panel housing; 6-mechanical pointer instruments; 7-airbag module; 8-screen; 9-auxiliary instruments and displays; 10-function key combination; 11-center tube column; 12-center tube column flange; 13-short shaft at the rear of the center tube column flange; 14-parallel shaft receiving hole; 15-parallel shaft; 16-active gear of the hub bushing; 17-parallel shaft gear 1; 18-parallel shaft gear 2; 19-drive gear 2a; 20-shaft sleeve of the drive gear 2a; 21-steering shaft; 22- Opening diameter of the front side of the shaft sleeve (cavity distance) of the drive gear ②a; 23-Main surface of the multimedia display; 24-Auxiliary surface of the display, 25-Wheel rim outer diameter, 26-Wheel rim inner diameter, Description of the preferred embodiments

[0029] The main technical aspects of the steering wheel with a concentric, fixed instrument panel are explained in the following typical description in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The constituent features in the embodiments can be combined with each other, and the embodiments serve to illustrate the technical elements of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the substantive meaning of the present invention.

[0030] Fig. Figures 1 to 6 show that the utility model adopts three different types of steering wheel rim modeling designs, embodying different steering wheel profile structures and aesthetic styles. At the same time, the actual area of ​​the concentrically circular instrument panel also differs in the area enclosed by the rim inner diameter (26) of the respective steering wheel.

[0031] Fig.1 is a front view of the combination of a standard circular steering wheel rim and a concentric fixed instrument panel according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. A fixed instrument panel housing (5) is installed in the center of the steering wheel body. A plurality of instrument gauges are installed in the instrument panel housing, and a steering wheel assembly integrating the instrument display and operating functions is located in the center of the inner ring of the steering wheel (1). The function gauge, display, and function button are evenly distributed, and the driver can intuitively read and understand vehicle information through the gauges (6), (9), and the screen (8) when operating the steering wheel.The key switch and the knob are evenly arranged along the arc of the edge of both sides of the lower part of the case, and when holding the steering wheel with hands, the thumb can move horizontally to the shortcut keys (10) and paddle shifters on both sides of the instrument panel to perform simple operation of the corresponding functions, and the main control switch can be adjusted with different levels of the gear switch to make precise and careful adjustment.

[0032] Located at the top of the instrument panel housing is a conventional instrument cluster consisting of multiple instruments (6), (9) that can rotate around the circumference of the dial axis to point to different parts of the instrument and transmit the measured value to the operator. The instruments are integrated into the housing and are primarily used to display vehicle speed, engine speed, fuel level, engine temperature, or oil temperature. When the headlight is activated, the backlight of the pointer or instrument illuminates to improve visibility in dim daytime light.

[0033] The mechanical pointer instrument is displayed in natural reflection during the day, and the outer edge of the instrument panel housing can be appropriately raised higher than the instrument dial to form a sunshade device with extended shading function, so that the instrument can still be clearly identified even in direct sunlight. The mechanical pointer instrument with a naturally reflective display ensures dynamic and balanced visual stability and harmonious enjoyment. Such a screen structure itself has the characteristics and advantages of such a soothing and natural viewing.

[0034] The electronic screen (8) in the middle layer is suitable for LCD OLED TFT display modules and DLP projection screens. It is generally installed symmetrically along the horizontal axis of the instrument panel; because the thickness of the display module and the circuit board itself is thin, they are located at a lower position under the glass cover of the instrument panel. In other words, the instrument panel housing extends outward relative to the display screen, forming a sunshade function to ensure a clear display of the screen. The outer shielding height of the instrument panel housing is appropriately increased, so that its outer edge surface is sufficiently higher than the screen plane (9 to 15 mm) to produce a good shadow reflection effect.

[0035] The present invention integrates the instrument display function within the inner diameter range of the steering wheel rim, which can greatly simplify the overall structure of the instrument panel, which benefits both weight reduction and cost reduction. For example, the airbag module (7) itself is fixed and does not require a rotating cable reel for the airbag module. The airbag module is mounted and fixed to the instrument panel casing and can be adjusted to ensure the best ejection angle and direction. The surface cover above the airbag can be printed with a logo pattern; the airbag module and the display screen are installed separately, and the deployment and operation of the airbag are not affected. Compact structure.

[0036] Fig.Figure 2 shows a front view of the steering wheel with a Mobius ring rim and the concentric, integrated instrument panel in the structure according to Embodiment 1. The steering wheel has a single Mobius ring structure. At the same time, a typical display surface window diagram of the multimedia display in the center plane of the instrument panel is shown. The feature of the solid rim with a single Mobius ring structure is that it maintains the structural contours of an ordinary steering wheel between the rim and the inner diameter of the instrument panel. An annular, empty spacer serves as a transparent hollowed-out transition, making the structure and appearance of the steering wheel and instrument panel assembly more symmetrical, smooth, and layered.

[0037] With reference to Fig.1. The outer diameter of the inner concentric instrument panel housing can reach 30.6 cm according to the recommended range of 38.8 cm of the wheel rim outer diameter, deducting the surrounding space of the wheel rim unit and the driver's two-hand holding. Thus, the dimensions of the multimedia display with a 20:7 aspect ratio, installed in the instrument panel housing and generally arranged along the horizontal axis of the housing, can be calculated as 29 × 10.15 cm. The total screen area is 294.35 cm. 2 , which corresponds to a 10.33-inch display in 16:9 format.

[0038] The LCD screen can be divided into three window display areas: the left and right auxiliary display areas and the central main display area. The main display area in the center of the screen has a 16:9 aspect ratio, and the window display area measures 18.044×10.15cm, equivalent to an 8.15-inch widescreen display, mainly used for high-end functions such as map navigation. The auxiliary display areas on both sides of the screen are equivalent to 4.5-inch vertical screens with an aspect ratio of approximately 9:17. The two screen windows on the left and right can fully display various auxiliary information such as network, GPS, cruise control, door lock, parking, and various display icons. Realize . It realizes a wide viewing angle display with a variety of graphic functions in one.

[0039] Fig.Figure 3 shows a view of a steering wheel rim in a double Möbius ring configuration; the nesting shape of the double Möbius rings creates an even more three-dimensional effect. It also demonstrates a unique display mode in which the center horizontal electronic screen in the instrument panel is arranged in three surfaces. When the display switches to simplified mode, the central main screen window (16:9 format, 8.15 inches) is in idle mode, meaning it becomes an unused area (navigation off). The vertical 4.5-inch screens on either side are used as output bars for the most basic icons and digital information display. This mode creates a calm, comfortable driving atmosphere.The upper pointer instrument panel area has four instrument panel surfaces (6) and (9); namely, speedometer and tachometer, water temperature, and fuel gauge. Complemented by the basic graphic prompt required on the multimedia display, it fully meets the observation and interpretation needs of driving. Thanks to the simplified function display mode of the multimedia display, the driver and front passenger can find and experience that the entire instrument cluster interface looks clearer and more stable when the large display area of ​​the display is not triggered and is in a dormant state.

[0040] Fig.Figure 4 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of Embodiment 1. It includes a wheel rim (1), three curved spokes (2), and a center column (11) inserted into the hub bushing. The wheel rim lies on the same plane as the surface of the instrument panel and forms a basin-like space within the steering wheel rim. This cylindrical space is just suitable for accommodating solid, flat wheels. Cylindrical instrument panel housing (5). The steering wheel can also be connected to the drive steering shaft via the central hub bushing to steer the vehicle.

[0041] Due to the widespread use of power steering, the diameter of the steering wheel has shrunk compared to previous models. This steering wheel can adopt a relatively larger diameter (e.g., 38-39.5 cm), which can correspondingly reduce the forward tilt angle of the steering wheel rim plane for better palm support. At the same time, the tilt angle of the steering column housing can be flexibly adjusted to the driver's seating and grip needs. There is sufficient space between the steering wheel rim and the outer diameter of the instrument panel, which is firmly mounted on the inner diameter, to ensure that the palms and fingers of both hands are fully supported, and the driver can flexibly rotate the steering wheel to operate the vehicle's steering movement.

[0042] As in Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig.As shown in Figure 7, Embodiment 2 of the present invention is an innovative design of the C-shaped wheel rim structure with annular groove; it expresses the change in the external shape and structure of the steering wheel and the extreme compactness of the pursuit of maximum utilization of the internal space, and has the configuration and kinetic tension of the dense array track shell.

[0043] The present utility model forms a three-dimensional groove structure integrated into the skeleton by constructing the wheel rim / grip rim body directly on the outer edge of the steering wheel skeleton's outer diameter. This C- or U-shaped groove structure, which can be modeled separately, eliminates the traditional foam wrapping layer, creating a hollow space in the cross-sectional area of ​​the wheel rim / grip rim body to directly accommodate the metacarpophalangeal joints for gripping. The surface is smooth and wear-resistant or covered with leather, fully adapted to the mechanical structure. In this way, the geometric area within the steering wheel rim is maximized. The concentric circular instrument panels on the inner diameter of the steering wheel are on the same plane as the rim, directly adjacent to each other, and independent of each other.

[0044] Fig.Figure 5 is a front view of the steering wheel assembly. The grooved rim can be manufactured and formed separately and then connected and installed to the steering wheel frame. Fig. Figure 6 is a diagram of the inner diameter of the grooved wheel rim and the fixed instrument panel; the steering wheel spokes are omitted. By appropriately widening the outer edge surface of the ring groove, the degree of support and stretchability for the fingers during application and gripping is increased. The thumb can rest on the wheel rim surface on the plane in front of the steering wheel, thereby providing a better palm rest function and facilitating steering control.

[0045] Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional configuration of the wheel rim groove, and Fig. Figure 7a is a front view of the wheel rim facing the driver's side. Fig.Figure 7b is a rear view of the side facing away from the driver, i.e., the back of the steering wheel rim's annular groove, with the spokes omitted. It can be seen that when the hands are held in the circumferential position indicated by the arrow, the fingers naturally penetrate deep into the annular groove's cavity and can grip and lock onto each other. In this structural mode, the outer diameter of the inner concentric instrument panel housing can reach 32.7 cm, corresponding to the 38.5 cm outer diameter of the steering wheel rim. Thus, the dimensions of the multimedia display (with an aspect ratio of 20:7), installed in the instrument panel housing and generally arranged along the horizontal axis of the housing, can be calculated as 31 × 10.85 cm. The total screen area is 336.35 cm. 2, which corresponds to an 11.04-inch display in 16:9 format. The surface of the central main window has a display area of ​​19.28 × 10.85 cm according to the 16:9 specification, which corresponds to an 8.7-inch widescreen display.

[0046] Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 are all front views of the full-size solid model. Referring to the following table, the typical structural parameters of Embodiments 1-2 of the steering wheel rim mold are comprehensively summarized. It can be seen that the concentric circular fixed instrument of the present invention integrates the steering wheel design with the calculated value and has good practicability. Components Example 1, Mobbius ring wheel rim Example 2, wheel rim with U-shaped ring grooves Rim outer diameter Ø 38,8 38,5 Rim inner diameter Ø 33,6 33,3 Outer diameter of the fixed instrument panel housing Ø 30,6 32,7 Instrument panel area (cm 2 ) 725,83 {Ø 30,4} 829,57 {Ø 32,5} Diameter of the pointer instrument scale (cm) Ø 7,9 Ø 8,3 Total area of ​​the pointer instrument area (cm 2 ) 200 229,6 Electronic screen parameters (cm) 29 × 10,15 31 × 10,85 Screen area (cm 2 ) 294,35 336,35 Main display interface in the center of the screen 18.04 × 10.15 (cm) 19.288 × 10.85 (cm) Specifications of the center main display surface (16:9) 8.15 (inches) 8.7 (inches) Diameter of the airbag module housing (cm) Ø9 Ø9

[0047] Fig.Figure 8 shows the assembly structure of the concentric instrument panel housing (5) fixed to the inner diameter portion of the steering wheel. One end of the spoke (2) is connected to the wheel rim (1), and the other end is connected to the hub sleeve (3). The integrated wheel hub sleeve of the steering wheel is rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the center column tube (11) via bearings. The center column tube is rigidly connected to the steering column housing (4) via the flange (12), and the steering wheel hub sleeve can rotate around the center axis of the center column tube (11) and drives the steering shaft to rotate through the gear system, thereby achieving targeted steering control of the vehicle.

[0048] Pay attention to the mutual structure of the steering wheel rim and the instrument panel, which is fixed in its inner diameter. The instrument panel (5) itself is firmly connected to the center column (11) without rotation, and the center column is firmly connected to the inner wall of the steering column housing via the flange face; Fig.In Figure 8, most of it is enclosed by the steering wheel hub sleeve (3), and only a small part is shown. At the same time, an overall outline of the flange (12), which is firmly connected to the center column and the steering column housing, can be seen. On the back of the flange is a short shaft (13) for attaching the parallel shaft gear pair. This gear pair is designed to be integrated with and supported by the second-stage gear pair in the parallel shaft transmission mechanism, and the second-stage gear is connected to the steering shaft (21) for power transmission. It causes the steering wheel to rotate and drives the steering shaft via the parallel shaft gear pair in the steering column housing.

[0049] As in Fig. 9, the structure of the parallel shaft gear pair and the steering wheel steering transmission system is further illustrated.

[0050] Out of Fig.8 shows that the wheel rim, several spokes, and the hub bushing form the body of the steering wheel. The hub bushing (3) is assembled with the center tube column (11) and connected to the instrument panel housing. The center tube column is firmly connected to the steering column housing (4) via the flange (12), passes through the inner diameter of the steering wheel hub bushing (3), and is connected to the instrument panel housing (5). The instrument panel housing is located in the space enclosed by the steering wheel rim (1), and the wiring harness connection for instruments (6), (9), airbag device (7), and key combination (10) is made through the through-hole in the center tube column. All display instruments originally installed on the driver's seat instrument panel can be accommodated in the instrument panel housing.

[0051] The instrument panel housing (5) in the steering wheel rim (1) is rigidly connected to the steering column housing via the center tube (11) for stability. The left and right rotation of the steering wheel is transmitted through the meshing and transmission of the outer diameter gear (16) of the hub bushing (3) and the single-row parallel shaft gear mechanism (15) on the outer side of the center. The parallel shaft gear pair (17) and (18) generate the reverse output relative to the steering wheel speed; then, the second-stage gear pair (19) matched with the parallel shaft output end is transmitted to restore the steering wheel torque. The driver's rotation speed is output in the same direction as the axle centerline. Then, the steering shaft (21) is connected to the gearbox, and the steering ratio is precisely adjusted through the steering mechanism, thus completing the differentiated structural integration of the transmission chain.

[0052] The second-stage gear pair (19) is mounted on the short shaft (13) on the rear side of the fixed center column. It is rotatably mounted on the outer diameter of the short shaft, and its end face extension sleeve (20) is inserted and connected to the end face of the steering shaft spline (21) for transmission. The inner cavity of the shaft sleeve (20) of the gear (19) is formed with the front end of the steering shaft spline (21), maintaining a certain cavity clearance (22). The cavity clearance is approximately 4 to 5 cm, ensuring the folding clearance of the steering wheel assembly in an emergency.

[0053] Using the parallel-axis gear pair device, at least one sensor can be designed to detect the steering wheel angle. The sensor unit is located on the gear pair engagement element or the steering shaft, and the sensor is located on the wheel steering actuator. The steering actuator takes the known technical form, sensors measure the force and angle effects, and the sensor data is transmitted to the control unit.

[0054] Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 show the specific effect views of the steering wheel rim according to the invention using a Möbius ring. Fig. Figure 10 is a comparison of a single Möbius ring with two different overlapping waveforms. Fig.Figure 11 is a comparison diagram of a double Möbius ring with two different overlapping waveforms. This configuration is actually a "(non-planar) fixed curvature configuration with a perfect circular contour projection and a wavelength fluctuation λ along the trajectory of the perfect circular projection." Its continuous wave-shaped ring body is easy to hold and has the advantages of a reliable structure and good stability. The rim-shaped surface of the steering wheel has a wave-like all-round curvature. Combined with the wear-resistant surface layer, it can significantly increase the friction between the steering wheel and the hand and allow the rim to rotate easily, consistent with the driver's grip position at all circumferential angles. The slight movement of the fingers enables a delicate steering operation and increases safety.

[0055] In summary, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a steering wheel-integrated device for controlling the movement of the steering vehicle. The steering wheel assembly, particularly in the circular area of ​​the inner diameter of the steering wheel rim, is nested and installed with the concentric circular instrument panel mounted on the steering column housing. This can completely replace the role of the original dashboard and instrument panel. It makes the space environment of the driver's seat more concise and comfortable for vehicle driving and completely improves the perspective of the instrument display. At the same time, the routing and installation volume of peripheral components in the passenger compartment can be saved and the overall efficiency of the driving space utilization in the cabin can be increased.

[0056] The concentric instrument panel in the inner diameter area of ​​the steering wheel provides the driver with an optimal field of view and the position of the instrument display support. It can be widely used in cars, buses, light trucks, heavy trucks, and other vehicles, as well as special vehicles such as road rollers, bulldozers, agricultural tractors, and forklifts. The shape of the Mobius ring steering wheel is beautiful and novel; the waves on the circumference of the wheel rim fit comfortably in the palm of the hand, and the fingers of both hands rest balanced and closed on the grip rim to generate a direct torque thrust. The grip and holding position relative to the arm enables comfortable operation and is ergonomic. This makes the Mobius ring steering wheel of the present invention a typical symbol of the pursuit of perfection and harmonious life.

[0057] Although the present utility model has been described above in detail with general descriptions and specific embodiments, relevant modifications made on the basis of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention all fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

[1] A steering wheel assembly equipped with a concentric, fixed instrument panel and a Möbius ring rim; a steering wheel unit that integrates various instrument displays and is attached to the concentric surface of the inner diameter of the steering wheel device. The device provides both a rim for carrying out steering movements of the vehicle, i.e. a rim usually arranged immediately in front of the driver's seat, which can be freely rotated by applying a torque, and a rim that is mounted by means of a hub bushing connected by spokes on an outer diameter of a fixed center tube column in the steering column housing; the center tube column penetrates coaxially through the inner diameter of the steering wheel hub bushing and projects through the front end of the steering wheel hub bushing to securely fasten an instrument panel housing that is located in an area enclosed by the inner diameter of the steering wheel.In this way, each instrument display as well as the airbag module and other equipment necessary for the driver are installed one after the other into the fixed instrument panel housing. [2] A steering wheel assembly equipped with a concentric, fixed instrument panel and a Möbius ring rim according to claim 1; characterized byThe inner area of the steering wheel rim is designed as a flat concentric circle inside and outside the nested integrated installation of the relatively static instrument panel, equipped with an integrated display with a pointer scale, electronic screen displays, an airbag module, and shortcut function keys. The traditional mechanical instrument with a pointer scale structure is combined with a multifunctional color LCD screen and a multimedia information projection device to form a multifunctional multimedia instrument panel display system based on a color electronic screen; comprehensive parameters are directly displayed for various vehicle driving conditions. [3] A steering wheel assembly equipped with a concentric, fixed instrument panel and a Möbius ring rim according to claim 1; the center tube column is fixed to the steering column housing by the end face of the flange as a bracket. The rear of the flange has a central short axis concentric with the front to support the second stage gear for installing the parallel shaft transmission gear pair. The rear connecting surface between the flange and the center tube column and the central short axis surface on the rear are provided with grooves; these serve to insert wire harnesses from the steering column housing along the flange surface into the inner diameter cavity of the center tube column and to connect the individual instruments and airbag modules in the front instrument panel housing. [4] A steering wheel assembly equipped with a concentric, fixed instrument panel and a Möbius ring rim according to claim 1; characterized byWhen driving the steering wheel and the steering shaft, the transmission connection between the steering wheel and the steering shaft is established by transmitting the rotational movement of the steering wheel to the hub bushing, which is then inserted into the surface of the fixed center tube column in the steering column housing, and by the meshing of the outer gear on the hub bushing with the parallel shaft gear pair. The parallel shaft gear pair meshes with the transmission device, and the parallel shaft passes through the flange of the center tube column and is fixedly connected by bearings. The flange plate serves as a support for the parallel shaft, and the two sets of meshing gear pairs installed on the parallel shaft and located on both sides of the flange plate ensure transmission balance.The parallel shaft is located between the steering wheel hub sleeve and the steering shaft, which ensures the synchronous consistency of the rotation of the steering wheel and the steering shaft during the transmission process. [5] A steering wheel assembly equipped with a concentric, fixed instrument panel according to claim 1; characterized by that the steering wheel rim takes on the topological geometric shape of a Möbius ring. [6] A steering wheel assembly equipped with a concentric, fixed instrument panel according to claims 1 and 5, the steering wheel rim is further contoured and shaped, evolving from an annular solid rim to an annular rim with an open C / U groove structure. The inner cavity of the annular groove allows the fingers of both hands to engage to hold the steering wheel and complete rotation.

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